湖北省漢陽一中新高考英語四模試卷及答案解析

湖北省漢陽一中新高考英語四模試卷考生須知：1．全卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分，全部在答題紙上作答。選擇題必須用2B鉛筆填涂；非選擇題的答案必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或答字筆寫在“答題紙”相應(yīng)位置上。2．請用黑色字跡的鋼筆或答字筆在“答題紙”上先填寫姓名和準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)。3．保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無效。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．Newlyreleaseddatapointtoanincreaseintechnologyuseamongchildrensomeworryischangingtheverynatureofchildhood.A．why B．whichC．who D．where2．—Didn’tyougofishingwithyourfriendslastSunday?—No.I______tothenursinghomeasusual.A．went B．go C．havegone D．hadgone3．Yumin,thelatefamousphysicist,oftenencouragedhisstudentsto_____whattheybelievedin,evenwhenfacingstrongopposition.A．comeupwith B．takechargeofC．putupwith D．standupfor4．Iamwonderinghowit________thatyoudidsomuchworkwithinsuchashorttime.A．heldup B．cameaboutC．gaveaway D．calledfor5．Youwillhavetostayathomeallday______youfinishallyourhomework.A．if B．unless C．whether D．because6．Hearingthenews,sherushedout,________thebook________onthetableanddisappearedintothedistance.A．left;lainopen B．left;layopenedC．leaving;lieopened D．leaving;lyingopen7．Theinnerstrengthofthegirlallowsher_____goingwhenshegetsintotrouble.A．keepB．keepingC．tokeepD．kept8．Iregretnothavingtakenyouradvice.OtherwiseI________thismistakeatthemoment.A．didn’tmake B．wouldn’tmakeC．hadn’tmake D．wouldn’thavemade9．Wecompletedonethirdoftheproject,andtheloan_______inplace,wehadtodelaytheresttillthenextmonth.A．notarranged B．wasnotarrangedC．notarranging D．hadnotbeenarranged10．—TheKiwifruitsinthissupermarketare_______salenow,andtheyaresold______thepound.—Really?Howmuchcheaperarethey?A．for;in B．on;by C．for,by D．on,in11．–MyTVsetdoesn’twork,thewatertapisdrippingandmycarisstillunderrepair!–Yousure________badluckthesedays.A．had B．willhave C．hadhad D．a(chǎn)rehaving12．GeneralSecretary,XiJinping,stressedthatcross－straitcooperationwouldbestrengthened________thetwosidescouldagreetoopposeTaiwanindependence．A．unless B．evenifC．a(chǎn)slongas D．until13．Paulawaiteduntilalltheluggagewascleared,__________hersneverappeared.A．or B．so C．a(chǎn)s D．but14．—Mummy,lookatmygloves.Ineedanewpair.—________.Iboughtthemforyouonlyaweekago!A．YoubetB．YousaiditC．Youdon’tsayD．Younameit15．Wehavebroughtinagoodgrainharvestforthreeyears_________.A．onpurpose B．onend C．onduty D．onwatch16．Theyoungman,________inheavytrafficontheway,gothomeanhourlaterthanusual.A．catching B．caught.C．havingcaught D．tobecaught17．Thefellowwespoke________nocommentatfirst.A．tomake B．tomadeC．made D．tomaking18．Nostudent________gooutofschooltohavelunchwithoutpermissionoftheheadteacher.A．might B．mustC．shall D．could19．Soonaftergettingoffhishorse,thecaptainappearedatthesecond-floorwindows,______hecouldseenothingbuttrees.A．where B．fromwhereC．which D．fromwhich20．Openingthedoor,Mrs．Summersfoundfamilyofcatsshutinthebathroom．A．a(chǎn);不填 B．a(chǎn);the C．the;不填 D．the;the第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21．（6分）Todaytropicalrainforestsaredisappearingfromthefaceoftheglobe.Despitegrowinginternationalconcern,rainforestscontinuetobedestroyedatapaceover80,000acresperday.Worldrainforestcovernowstandsataround2.5millionsquaremiles.Humanactivitieshavehadaneffectonmuchofthisremainingarea.Deforestation(森林濫伐)oftropicalrainforestshasaglobaleffectthroughspeciesextinction,thelossofimportantecosystemservicesandrenewableresources,andthereductionofcarbonsinks.However,thisdestructioncanbeslowed,stopped,andinsomecasesevenreversed(逆轉(zhuǎn)).Mostpeopleagreethattheproblemmustbesolved,butthemeansarenotassimpleasbuildingfencesaroundtheremainingrainforestsorbanningthewoodtrade.Economic,political,andsocialpressureswillnotallowrainforeststocontinuetoexistiftheyarecompletelyclosedofffromuseanddevelopment.So,whatshouldbedone?Thesolutionmustbebasedonwhatispractical,notcompletelyidealisticanddependsondevelopingaconservationapproachbuiltontheprincipleofsustainable(可持續(xù)的)useanddevelopmentofrainforests.Beyondtheresponsibledevelopmentofrainforests,effortstorestoredamagedforestlandsalongwiththeestablishmentofprotectedareasarekeytosecuringrainforestsforthelong-termbenefitstheycanprovideformankind.Historicapproachestorainforestconservationhavefailed,asshownbytheincreasedrateofdeforestation.Inmanyregions,closingoffforestsasuntouchableparksandreserveshasneitherimprovedthequalityoflivingoreconomicopportunitiesfortheruralpoor,norstoppedforestclearingbyillegalwoodcuttersanddevelopers.Theproblemwiththistraditionalapproachtopreservingwildlandsindevelopingcountriesisthatitfailstodeveloppropereconomicmotivesforpreservingtheforest.Localpeopleandthegovernmentitselfmustseefinancialreturnstoprovethecostsofmaintainingparksfromeconomicactivities.1、Whathascausedsomespeciesextinctioninthetropicalrainforests?A．Humans'destroyingthetrees.B．Carbonsinksbeingreduced.C．Lackingrenewableresources.D．Fencesnotbeingbuiltaroundtherainforests.2、Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Tropicalrainforestscanbeeasilypreserved.B．Rainforestsmustbeclosedofftobebetterprotected.C．Humanactivitieshavehadaneffectontropicalrainforests.D．Economicreturnscanmakesomedifferenceinprotectingtropicalrainforests.3、Whatistheauthor'sattitudetotropicalrainforestprotection?A．Indifferent.B．Concerned.C．Doubtful.D．Puzzled.4、Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Toshowthebadeffectsofdeforestation.B．Tostresstheimportanceoftherainforests.C．Toappealforrightwaystosavetherainforests.D．Tointroducethefactofforestsdisappearing.22．（8分）Microsofthasdevelopedanewsmartphoneappthatinterpretseyesignalsandtranslatesthemintoletters,allowingpeoplewithALS（漸凍癥）,alsoknownasmotorneuronedisease,tocommunicatewithothersfromaphone.TheGazeSpeakappcombinesasmartphone’scamerawithartificialintelligencetorecognizeeyemovementsinrealtimeandtransformthemintoletters,wordsandsentences.ForpeoplesufferingfromALS,eyemovementcanbetheonlywaytheyareabletocommunicate.“Currenteye-trackinginputsystemsforpeoplewithALSareexpensive,noteffectiveundersunlight,andrequirefrequentre-calibration(再校正)andabundant,relativelystablesetups,”saidXiaoyiZhang,aresearcheratMicrosoftwhodevelopedthetechnology.“Tomitigatethedrawbacks…wecreatedGazeSpeak,aneye-gesturecommunicationsystemthatrunsonasmartphone,andisdesignedtobelow-cost,effective,andeasytocarryandlearn.”Theappisusedbythelistenerbypointingtheirsmartphoneatthespeaker.Achartthatcanbestucktothebackofthesmartphoneisthenusedbythespeakertodeterminewhicheyemovementstomakeinordertocommunicate.Thechartshowsfourgridsofletters,whicheachcorrespondtoadifferenteyemovement.Bylookingup,down,leftorright,thespeakerselectswhichgridstheletterstheywantbelongto.Theartificialintelligenceisthenabletopredictthewordorsentencetheyaretryingtosay.Zhang’sresearch,Smartphone-BasedGazeGestureCommunicationforPeoplewithMotorDisabilities,issettobepresentedattheConferenceonHumanFactorsinComputingSystemsinMay.1、Themainpurposeofthepassageisto_________.A．a(chǎn)rousepeople’sattentionontheshortcomingsofCurrenteye-trackinginputsystems.B．introduceanewsmartphoneAppforpeoplesufferingfromALStocommunicate.C．callforpeople’sawarenessofhelpingpeoplewithALStocommunicatesuccessfully.D．comparethecurrenteye-trackinginputsystemswiththenewGazeSpeakapp.2、Theunderlinedword“mitigate”inparagraph5probablymeans_________A．ignoreB．a(chǎn)cceptC．strengthenD．weaken3、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingsentencesisTRUE?A．TherearemanywaystocommunicateforpeoplesufferingfromALS.B．Thespeakerpointstheirsmartphoneatthelistenerwhenusingtheapp.C．Thecurrenteye-trackinginputsystemsforpeoplewithALSneedimproving.D．ThenewsmartphoneappforpeoplewithALShasbeenputonthemarket.23．（8分）ManypublicfiguresfromIT,showbusiness,andsportshavejoinedtheIceBucketChallengetoraisemoneyforamyotrophiclateralsclerosis(ALS)(肌萎縮性側(cè)索硬化)research.Anumberofinternationalfamouspeoplehavealreadytakenthechallenge,includingMicrosoftco-founderBillGates,FacebookCEOMarkZuckerberg,AfounderandCEOJeffBezos,andAppleInc.CEOTimCook.TroubledmusicianJustinBieberevenchallengedUSPresidentBarrackObama.TheALSIceBucketChallengerequiresthatparticipantspourabucketoficewateronthemselvesandthenpostavideoofitonsocialmediawhilenominatingoneormorepeopletodothesamewithin24hours.Peoplewhofailtotakethechallengewillhavetodonate$100toTheALSAssociation,whichadvocatesfindingtreatmentandacureforALS.Andmanyofthosewho’vetakenthechallengedonatedaswell.ALSisararediseasethatgraduallyreducespatients’musclestrength,finallymakingthembecomeunabletospeak,move,swallowandbreathe.InNorthAmerica,ALSiscommonlyknownasLouGehrig’sdisease,afterthestarbaseballplayerwhodiedofthediseasein1941attheageof38.Thebest-knownALSpatienttodayisBritishscientistStephenHawking.WhilemostpeoplewithALSsurviveonlytwotofiveyearsafterdiagnosis(診斷),Hawkinghashadthediseasefordecades.ThemedicaltreatmentforALSisveryexpensiveandcannotbecoveredbymostsocialwelfareprograms.ThiscreatesdifficultiesformanyALSpatientsandtheirfamilies,bothphysicallyandmentally.“Duetotheicebucketcampaign,manypeoplebeginningtoknowaboutALS.WithmorepeopleawareandmorepeopletakingpartinthefightagainstALS,wecancalmlyworkwithnotonlyotherALSorganizations,butalsowithmedicalcompaniestospeedupnewtreatmentsforpeopleaffectedbythedisease,”saidBarbaraNewhouse,PresidentandCEOofTheALSAssociation.1、WhydoestheauthormentionmanyfamouspeopleinParagraph1?A．TostressthepopularityoftheIceBucketChallenge.B．Toadviseustolearnfromthem.C．Toprovetheyaregenerous.D．TointroducethetargetgroupoftheIceBucketChallenge.2、Paragraph2ismainlyabouttheIceBucketchallenge’s________.A．influenceB．purposeC．rulesD．development3、Thepersonwhoisnominatedforthechallengeisrequiredto________.A．donate$100toTheALSAssociationB．watchothersvideosonsocialmediaC．helpfindeffectivetreatmentsforALSD．pouricewateronhimselfwithintime4、WhatdoweknowaboutALSfromthetext?A．ALSisfairlycommonnow.B．LouGehrigwasfirstcuredofALS.C．ItisrareforpeoplewithALStosurvivedecades.D．SocialwelfareprogramsprovidemedicaltreatmentsforALS.5、AccordingtoBarbaraNewhouse,theIceBucketChallenge________.A．makesmorepeoplewellawareofALSB．teachespeoplehowtofightagainstALSC．makesmedicalcompanieshelpALSpatientsD．a(chǎn)ttractsmanypeopletojoinALSorganizations24．（8分）There’sasongbythegreatJamaicansingerBobMarleycalledSoMuchTroubleInTheWorld.Marleyunderstoodthatpartofthereasonwhytherearesomanyproblemsintheworldisthelackoftolerancebetweenpeople.TheUNunderstandsthistoo–––that’swhyitmadeNov16th“InternationalDayforTolerance”.Butfirstofall,whatistolerance?AccordingtoFrenchphilosopherVoltaire,toleranceistheconsequenceofhumanity.Weareallformedoffrailty(脆弱)anderror;letuspardoneachother’sfool–––thatisthefirstlawofnature.”Veryoften,peopledon’trealizethatthey’reintolerant.Thisisbecauseintolerancehasalottodowithignorance.Forexample,theUN’scampaignisinpartaboutthetreatmentoffemalesbymales.Butoften,thebehaviorofmentowardwomenisintolerantbecausemendon’tputthemselvesintheshoesofwomen.It’sworththinkingalittleaboutthewords“tolerance”and“intolerance”.Aretheythebestwordstodescribetheevilsofwhichwe’respeakinghere?Toagreetobe“tolerant”ofsomeoneisn’tnecessarilyaveryrespectfulthing.Whensomeoneistolerated,itimpliesthatthere’ssomethingwrongwiththem.Still,whatVoltairesaidstands:Wehumansarenotperfectandthisweaknessissomethingthatweallshare.That’sthereasonweshouldbetolerant.It’salittlelikegenerosity.Wecangivethingstoanotherperson,andwecanalsogiveourforgiveness.1、What’sthepurposeoftheUN“InternationalDayForTolerance”?A．Toarousepeople’sawarenessoftoleranceamongpeople.B．TocelebratethefoundingoftheUN.C．Tosolvetheproblemofglobalwarming.D．Tochangepeopledopiniontowardsglobalization.2、Whydomenbehaveintolerantlytowardswomen?A．Becausemendon’trealizethepurposeoftheUN.B．Becausemenarephysicallystrongerthanwomen.C．Becausemendon’tappreciatetheshoesofwomen.D．Becausemenarenotwillingtounderstandwomen.3、Whyisitmeaninglesstousethewords“tolerance”and“intolerance”?A．BecausetheyarehardtopronounceinEnglish.B．Becausetheydon’texpresstheexactmeaningpeoplereferto.C．Becausetheycan’tbetranslatedintootherlanguages.D．Becausetheycan’tbeusedinarespectfulway.4、Inwhatsenseis“tolerance”similarto“generosity”?A．Humansareadvisedtotreatothersbetter.B．Humansleanttofindfaultsinothers.C．Humansneedtogivesomethingtoothers.D．Humanswillchangetheirattitudestoothers.25．（10分）Childrenallovertheworldwhohavetriedthepotatoorlemonbatteryexperimentsknowthatanelectricalcurrentcanbegeneratedbycreatingareactionbetweenthefoodandtwodifferentmetals.However,researchersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyhavefoundawaytoharvestpowerfromtrees.Theyusethesamemetalforbothelectrodes(電極)specificallyinordernottoconfusethiseffectwiththepotatoeffect.Whileprovingthattreescanprovideasourceofpowerisasignificantstep,akeyquestionremains:canthetinyvoltage(電壓)producedbyatreebeusedforanythinguseful?Nowscientistsaredebatingoverhowtousethispowersourceforhumanbenefits.Themostpracticalthingisfirealarmforforestdepartment,originatingfromthetreeitself.Treeselectricpowercanchargeabattery.Thisbatteryinturnwillbeconnectedtoasmallsensor.Thissensorwillpowerabriefradiotransmission(傳送).Thatradiosignalwilltransportdailysoilandairconditionmeasurementstoanetworkofmuchlarger,solarpoweredForest-Serviceenvironmentalmonitoringstations.Thosesensorswiltalsogiveoutacrisissignalintheeventofasuddenrisein-airtemperature-thatmightindicatetheoutbreakofaforestfire.“Itrulybelieveithaspotential,”saidVictoriaHenderson,branchchiefforequipmentandchemicalsattheForestServicedNationalInteragencyFireCenter.“Ifthiscanenhance(提高)ourexistingtechnologytoadegreethatwouldgainusalotmorefireprotection,thenwe’dlookataplantopurchaseitforournationwideinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施),whichishuge.”ResearchershavediscoveredthatthegreaterthepHdifferencebetweenthetreeandthesoilthemoretheenergywillbeproduced.Someresearchersalsoadmitthat“treepower”isn’taspracticalassolarenergy,butbelievethatthesystemcouldbescaled-upasalow-costoptionforpoweringtreesensorsthathelpdetectenvironmentalconditionsorforestfires,Usingtheelectronicoutputtokeeptrackofatree’shealthisanotherpossibility.1、Whydoestheauthormentionthepotatobatteryexperimentinthefirstparagraph?A．Toexplainwhatitis.B．Tostresstheimportanceofelectricity.C．Tointroducethepowersourcefromtrees.D．Toencouragepeopletotrythisexperiment.2、Whatdoweknowaboutthefirealarmmentionedinthethirdparagraph?A．Thefirealarmcanmakeaveryloudsound.B．Smokefromafirecancausethealarmtogooff.C．Theelectricpoweritneedscomesfromthetree.D．Ithasbeenwidelyusedintheforestdepartment.3、What’sVictoriaHenderson’sattitudetowardsthefirealarmsystem?A．Cautious.B．Favorable.C．Disapproving.D．Unconcerned,4、Whatcausestreestocreateelectricalcurrents?A．Thesensorimplantedinthetree.B．Thenewwayadoptedbytheresearchers.C．Thespecialmetalusedinthebatteryexperiment.D．ThepHdifferencebetweenthesoilandthetrees.第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)．26．（30分）IwaswatchingaTVseriesonenightwhenItookinonescene.Amanwasseekinghiscommunityvotes,andpeople36wantedtoknowwhytheyshouldgivehimtheir37.Hetookthemtohishouseandonevery38inhishousewastheword“Faith”pasted.Peopleraisedlotsof39tofindoutwhythewordwaspastedonhismirrors.Hesaid,“Mydadoften40metobelievethataslongasyouhave41,youshouldhavefaith.Everytimeyoulookintothemirror,you’relookingatyourselfandsee‘Faith’.”The42Ilearnedfromthisissimple—faithisalivingthingandinthesamewaywe’reall43given24hoursadayandwe’reallgiventhesamemeasureoffaith.Faithkeepsusgoingwhenthingsget44!Whyissomepeople’sfaithstrongerthanthatofothers?Exercise!Ifwechoosetoexerciseourfaith,itwill45;butifwechoosenotto,itremainsweak.Somepeoplemight46thattheydon’thavefaith,butweallpracticefaitheverydayevenifwedon’t47itwasfaith.Daily48,suchasstudying,investingorreachingforadream,takefaith.Faith49hearinganddoing.Imadeadecisionyesterday—to50readingthenewspaperfulloftoomuchsadand51news.Why?BecauseI52therewasadropofmymentalstateafterreadingthenewspapers.Faith,whenit’sputto53,becomesabeautifulthing,Itliftsyourmentalstatetoahigherplacethat54youtoraiseyourselfupanddeclare,“Yeswecan.”Somakethedecisiontodaytostrengthenyourfaithby55it.1、A．mostly B．briefly C．bravely D．finally2、A．support B．instruction C．pity D．information3、A．wall B．mirror C．picture D．book4、A．questions B．voices C．rules D．standards5、A．teaches B．permits C．forces D．promises6、A．friendship B．breath C．wealth D．success7、A．view B．lesson C．choice D．example8、A．extremely B．freely C．equally D．frequently9、A．strange B．difficult C．funny D．different10、A．stay B．return C．slow D．grow11、A．realize B．a(chǎn)rgue C．understand D．predict12、A．a(chǎn)gree B．a(chǎn)ppreciate C．a(chǎn)dmire D．a(chǎn)cknowledge13、A．services B．steps C．tasks D．experiment14、A．comesfrom B．dreamsof C．feelslike D．keepson15、A．consider B．delay C．stop D．risk16、A．various B．genuine C．negative D．latest17、A．heard B．noticed C．declared D．explained18、A．check B．list C．sleep D．work19、A．warns B．causes C．orders D．forbids20、A．forming B．exercising C．obtaining D．thinking第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）TheUniversityofCambridge1．(use)scoresongaokaoaspartofitsadmissioncriteriaforChinesestudentsforseveralyears,accordingtoitsofficialWeiboaccount.However,itdoesnotadmitstudentssimplybasedon2．testscores.Inadditiontotopscoresongaokao,Chinese3．(apply)alsoneedtomeetEnglishlanguagerequirements,participateinaninterview4．takeasubject-specificwrittenadmissionassessment.Internetusershave5．(broad)welcomedthemove,6．(say)thisisablessingforChinesestudents7．wanttoentertheuniversity,thoughtherequirement8．(set)high,reportedChinaDailyStephenToope,vice-chancelloroftheuniversity,saidthereasonforacceptinggaokaoscoresisthatCambridgewantsasmuchinformationaspossible9．(evaluate)possiblecandidates.“Globaluniversitiesmustseekconnection,communicationandcollaborationifwewishtoseechangesthatwillmaketheworldabetterplaceforeveryone,”hesaid10．MarchduringavisittoPekingUniversity.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（滿分10分）28．（10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。作文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧）并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1、每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Yesterday,ItookawalkinthePanzhihuaParkwithmyparents、Thebeautifulflowerswereinvariouscolor、Wewereenjoyingthesceneryaroundwhensomethingunpleasantcatchmyattention、Notfarfromus,themidd