人教版新目標2013版九年級英語筆記

Howcanwebecomegoodleaners?單元重點：1adosthbydoingsth1c主題句型：Howdoyoustudyforatest?Istudybyworkingwithagroup.2a1.whatabout與howabout:Whataboutlisteningtotapes?Whataboutreadingaloudtopracticepronunciation?Whatabout=Howaboutabout介詞后面的動詞要加ing2.Aloudloudloundly的辨析Aloudadv.出聲地用于readthink,沒有比較級最高級。Eg.Whataboutreadingaloudtopracticepronunciation?Loudadv.adj.響亮大聲，用于speakshouttalk,常用于口語，多用于比較級。Pleasespeaklouder.Loudly喧鬧嘈雜不悅耳，多用于ringknock：Theyarguedloudlyinthenextroom.2bI’vlearndalotthatway.（1）.Alotof=lot’sof修飾名詞，表示許多。Alittle修飾不可數(shù)名詞，一點兒，很少Thereisalittlewaterintheglass.（2）.alot很，非常。作狀語修飾動詞或比較級，多用在肯定句中：Thanksalot.Ifeelalot/muchbetternow.我感覺好多了。Alittle也可跟alot一樣用：Memorizingthewordsofpopsongsalsohelpalittle.2.Ithinkithelps.我認為它有幫助。3.It’stoohardtoundersandspokenEnglish.知識點：太怎樣以至于不能?？键c：句型轉(zhuǎn)換：too…to…與so…that..SpokenEnglshissohardthatIcan’tunderstanditIt’toohardtoundersandspokenEnglish.類似的在某些情況下還可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換的句型有：Havetroubledoingsth.Haveadifficulttimedoingsth.It’s…(difficult)forsb.todosth.notenoughtodosth.Eg.IhavetroubleunderstandingspokenEnglish.IhaveadifficulttimeunderstandingspokenEnglish.It’sdifficultformetounderstandspokenEnglish.Mydaughterisfiveyearsold.Sheisnotenoughtogotoprimaryschool.Mydaughtersoyongthatshecan’tgotoprimaryschool.TheboyransofastthatIcouldn’tcatchhim.Theboyrantoofasttocatchhim.Hewassoangrythathecouldn’tsayaword.2dIhavetofinishreadingabookandgiveareportnextMonday.（1）.haveto從客觀上講不得不做某事。（2）.must從主觀上講不得不做某事。Must的用法拓展（一），（1）肯定：必須，應該：Imustfinishmyhomeworkbeforefiveo’clock.Mustyoufinishyourhomeworkbeforeeighto’clock?Yes,Imust.No,Ineedn’t.No,Idon’thaveto.(2)、否定：mustn’t表示禁止做某事。Youmustn’ttalkwithothersinclass.(二)，must作情態(tài)動詞表推測：unit8ItmustbelongtoCarla.（1），表肯定：Theremustbesomemistakes.Thebabycan'tbeill.HeissoactiveThebookmustbeTom’s.Hisnameisonit.(2),表否定用can’t:Whoistalkinginthenextroom?Itcan’tbeTom,HehasgonetoShanghai.2.Ihavetofinishreadingabookandgiveareport.Finish+v.ingfinish后面的動詞加ing.類似的動詞還有：practiceenjoymindkeepgostoprememberforgetlikeprefersuggestagainst(反對)聯(lián)想拓展：跟不定式to的有：Liketodowanttodogetusedtodobeusedtodolearntodoexpecttodorefusetodopretendtodo,promisetodo,beabletodobegintodoneedto3.Ihavetofinishreadingabookandgiveareport.短語：giveareport.作報告giveaspeech作演講4.Justreadquicklytogetthemainideasatfirst.短語：(1)atfirst起初，開始，暗示后來又變化。(2)Forthefirsttime(有生以來第一次，一段時間以來第一次)Ihavebeenhereforninemonth,forthefirsttime,Imissedmyparentssomuch.(3)firstofall,首先，就順序而言。tostart/beginwith(首先)Atfirst,Ididn’tlikeEnglish,butnowIdo.5.Don’treadwordbyword.Wordbyword逐字逐句地Onebyone一個接一個地6.短語：bepatient要有耐心Ittakestime這需要時間3a1.WhydidWeiFenfinditdifficulttolearnEnglish?Finditdifficulttodosth.發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很困難。2.Thesecrettolanguagelearning語言學習的秘訣3.HowIlearndtolearnEnglish學習怎樣學英語Learntodosth.學習做某事。4.TheteacherspokensoquicklythatIdidnotunderstandhermostofthetime.(1)mostofthetime絕大多數(shù)時候(2)sothat與tooto之間的轉(zhuǎn)換：Theteacherspokentooquicklytounderstandhermostofthetime.5.Iwasafraidtoaskquestionsbecauseofmypoorpronunciation.(1)beafraidtodosth害怕去做某事（因害怕而不敢做某事）Iwasafraidtospeakinclass.(2)beafraidofsth.害怕某事物。Wereyouafraidofthedarkwhenyouwereachild?I’mafraidofthesnakes.(3)beafraidofdoingsth害怕做某事（事情本身有危險）Theboyisafraidoffallingintotheriver.Jimisafraidofgoingtobedinthedark.吉姆害怕摸黑上床睡覺。6.because與becauseofBecause連詞，其后跟一個完整的句子。Becauseoff復合介詞，其后跟代詞名詞。Hedidn’tcometoschoolyesterdaybecausehewasill.Hedidn’tcometoschoolyesterdaybecauseofhisillness.7.Ifellinlovewiththisexcitingandfunnymovie!fallinlovewith愛上fall的聯(lián)想拓展：falls瀑布，隕石。fall落下，摔倒fell(過去式)fallen(過去分詞)fallinto落入陷入fallasleep入睡8.be/fallasleep,sleepgo/gettosleep,gotobed的辨析這組詞都與“睡”有關，但側(cè)重點有所不同。(1).sleep強調(diào)“睡覺”這一動作，是延續(xù)性動詞，可與表示時間的狀語連用。如：Hesleptforeighthours.他睡了八個小時。Whycouldn`tthemandownstairssleep?樓下那個人為什么睡不著？(2).beasleep表示“睡著”的狀態(tài)，是系表結(jié)構，其中asleep不能用very修飾，只能用sound,fast等詞修飾。如：Thebabyisfastasleep.孩子睡得很香。Thelittlegirlissoundasleep.這個小女孩睡得很熟。(3).fallasleep意指“睡著”，表示一個動作的過程，側(cè)重于“自然而然地入睡、不想入睡而入睡”的含義。如：Hewasjustfallingasleepwhentherewasaloudknockatthedoor.他剛睡著，就有人使勁敲門。Idon`tknowwhenIfellasleeplastnight.我不知道昨晚什么時候睡著的。(4).gotosleep指“入睡、進入夢鄉(xiāng)”這個動作，即begintosleep。如：Hewassotiredthathewenttosleepsoon.他很累，不久就睡著了。Ijustwanttoclosemyeyesandgotosleepasquicklyaspossible.我正想合上眼，盡快地睡上一覺。(5).gettosleep意為“睡著、入眠”，強調(diào)進入睡眠狀態(tài)，且多用于否定句、疑問句或條件句中。如：Iwaswaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe!Ican`tgettosleep.我在等另一只鞋的落地聲！我睡不著。(6).gotobed意為“就寢、上床睡覺”，著重指上床準備睡覺的動作，無“睡著”之意。一般說來，是gotobed在前，然后才go/gettosleep或fallasleep。如：Heusuallygoestobedatteno`clockandgoestosleep/fallsasleepfiveminuteslater.他通常十點鐘就寢，五分鐘后入睡。Onemankeephealthyifhegoestobedearlyandgetsupearly.如果一個人早睡早起，他就能保持身體健康。9.Theirbodylanguageandtheexpressionsontheirfaceshelpedmetogetthemeaning.Help的用法（1）helpsb.todosth.CanyouhelpmetolearnEnglish?你能幫助我學英語嗎？（2）withthehelpof在……幫助下Withthehelpofher,hefoundhislostchild.在她的幫助下，他找到了失蹤的小孩（3）helpsb.withsth.PleasehelpmewithmyFrench.（4）helponeself（to）自用（食物等）。Helpyourselftothefish.請隨便吃魚。9.Ilookthemupinadictionarylookup動副短語，代詞作賓語放中間。Ioftenlookupnewwordsinadictionary.4c短語：takenotes記筆記keepadiary記日記Unit1Howcanwebecomegoodlearners?SectionB1a1.pronouncev.與pronunciationn.Ican`tpronouncesomeofthewords.Iwasafraidtoaskquestionsbecauseofmypoorpronunciation.2.spokenEnglish英語口語3.increase和improve:Idon’tknowhowtoincreasemyreadingspeed.HowcanIimprovemypronunciation?increase的意思是“增加”，側(cè)重指的是數(shù)據(jù)方面的增加improve的意思是“提升，提高，進步”，屬于比較小的，比如說學習進步了develop“發(fā)展”，一般指的是比較重大的，像歷史、科技發(fā)展之類的4.特殊疑問詞加不定式句型跟賓語從句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換：(1)Idon’tknowhowtoincreasemyreadingspeed.Idon’tknowhowIshouldincreasemyreadingspeed.(2)Shedidn'tknowwhichblousetobuy.=Shedidn'tknowwhichblousesheshouldbuy.(3)I'mthinkingaboutwhattosay.=I'mthinkingaboutwhatIshouldsay.我在考慮說什么。(4)Icouldnotdecidewhichdictionarytobuy.=IcouldnotdecidewhichdictionaryIshouldbuy.5.短語：makemistakes=makeamistake犯錯Ingrammar在語法方面1b.1.活躍的動詞不定式to用法之一：表示動作的目的(1)Idon’tknowenoughwordstowritewell.(2)HecanjoinanEnglishlanguageclubtopracticespeaking(3)Heshouldfindapenpaltopracticewriting.(4)Idon’thaveapartnertopracticeEnglishwith.1c1.課文原句：Hecan’tgetthepronunciationright.Hedoesn’tgetmuchwritingpractice.get的用法小結(jié)：(1)獲得，得到，收到，買：Wheredidyougetthebook?Hegetsfirstprizeinthelisteningcontest.(比賽)Igotanewcoatinthatstorelastweek.IgotaletterfromTomthismorning.我收到來自湯姆的信（受到某人的信還可用hearfrom）(2)作為連系動詞，后接形容詞，表示“變成、變得”Theweathergetswarmer,andthedaysgetlonger.(3)作使役動詞：使、、、讓、、、getsb.todosth.讓某人做某事:Igothimtocleantheblackboard.Don'tgetyourhandsdirty.getsth.done:I'llhavemyhaircuttomorrow.=I'llgetmyhaircuttomorrow.Wehadthemachinerepaired.=Wegotthemachinerepaired.(4)getsth.forsb.替某人買、拿東西。Hewenttotheofficeandgotsomechalk(粉筆)forhisteacher.(5)get+adj.變得、、、形成、、、狀態(tài)。Itisgettingdarkeranddarker.(6)與get相關的常見詞組：getout出去getback回來，取回來getto到達geton(abus/train)上車getup起床get(well)onwithsb.跟某人相處（得好）getinto2.常見的幾個提建議的句型：(1).Whatabout…Howabout…Whataboutreadingaloudtopracticepronunciation?(2).whydon’tyou…=whynot…Whydon’tyoulistentoEnglishsongsontheradioandrepeatthedifficultwords?(3).canshouldmayHecanjoinanEnglishlanguageclubtopracticespeaking?Heshouldfindapenpaltopracticewriting.MayItakethisbookhometoread?肯定用Yes,please.否定用No,youmustn’t./No,youcan’t或No,you’dbetternot.(4)ShallI(we)…Willyou…ShallIopenthewindowandclosethedoor?Shallwegoswimmingthisafternoon?Willyoutellmewherethenearestbookshopis?(5).Let’sLet’sgoandfindsomethinginterestingtodo.(6).Wouldyouplease…Couldyouplease…Couldyoupleasegohikingwithme?(7)You’dbetter…You’d=Youhad…You’dbetternotgooutatnight.(8)“Don’t+動詞原形Don’tbelatenexttime,please.1c1d中的短語:talktosb.talkwithsb.athome2b1.bebornwith天生具有。Everyoneisbornwiththeabilitytolearn.2.dependson取決于：Butwhetherornotyoucandothiswelldependsonyourlearninghabits.但是你是否能做好這件事取決于你的學習習慣。Alldependsontheweather.3.incommon共同的，共有的。Researchshowsthatsuccessfullearnershavesomegoodhabitsincommon.收索，找遍許多例子我們會發(fā)現(xiàn)成功的學習者通常都有共同的好的學習習慣。IhavenothingincommonwithJane.我和簡毫無共同之處。Hehadverylittleincommonwithhissister. 他和姐姐幾乎沒有什么共同語言。Wehappenedtodiscoverwehadafriendincommon. 我們湊巧發(fā)現(xiàn)我們有一個共同的朋友。4.beinterestingin對、、、感興趣。5.beeasyforsb.todosth.對于某人來說做某事容易。bedifficultforsb.todosth.payattentionto注意，留意。課文原句：Studiesshowthatifyouareinterestedinsomething,yourbrainismoreactiveanditisalsoeasierforyoutopayattentiontoitforalongtime.如果你對學習活動中的一些事情感興趣的話，那么你的大腦就會更積極活躍并且對你來說長時間保持注意力也很容易。payattentionto（to是介詞，接動詞+ing））注意，留意：Ihopeyouwillpayattentiontothisproblem.Youmustpayattentiontoyourteacherintheclass.Theypaidattentiontowatchingthescene.他們注意到了觀察現(xiàn)場6.connect···with···把···和···聯(lián)系起來。課文原句：Goodlearnersoftenconnectwhattheyneedtolearnwithsomethinginteresting.好的學習者通常會把他們要學習的東西跟一些有趣的東西聯(lián)系起來。7.getbored變得厭煩。begoodat擅長→→dowellin在某方面做得好。他們之間可以做同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。thinkof與thinkaboutthinkof想起：Whatgoodlearninghabitscanyouthinkof？thinkabout思考考慮：Goodlearnersthinkaboutwhattheyaregoodatandwhattheyneedtopracticemore.8.課文原句：Practicemakesperfect.知識點：make的用法小結(jié)：(1)做；制作；制造:Canyoumakeanymooncakes?(2)使，迫使，令：=1\*GB3①主動句：makesb.dosth.:Idon'tlikemilk,butshemademedrinkit.Don'tmakethebabycryanymore.不要再讓那個孩子哭了。Sadmoviesmakemecry.(來自Unit11單元題目)=2\*GB3②被動句：sb.bemadetodosth.:Practicemakesperfect.在主動語態(tài)中其后要跟省略to的不定式作賓語補足語，而在被動語態(tài)中，to不能省去。如：Shewasmadetowaitforoveranhour.她被迫等了一個多鐘頭?！粲⒄Z中，類似于make這種用法的動詞還有l(wèi)et,have,hear,see,watch,notice,feel等。如：Isawhimputthekeyintothekeyhole,turnitandopenthedoor.我看見他把鑰匙插進鎖孔，轉(zhuǎn)動鑰匙，然后打開了門。Shewasseentogointotheclassroom.有人看見她進了教室。=3\*GB3③make作系動詞，其后跟形容詞作表語：TheawfulpicturesmakeAmyuncomfortable.(選自Unit11SectionB1b)TheloudmuseicmakesAmynevous.關于make的短語：makeamistake犯錯誤makeatelephonecall打電話makefriendswith與……交朋友makeadecisiontodosth決定做某事。decidetodosth.makeaface做鬼臉makealiving謀生；維持生活makemoney賺錢makeone'sbed鋪床；收拾床鋪makeone'swayto往……走makesure確信；務必；弄清楚9課文原句：Goodlearnerswillkeeppracticingwhattheyhavelearned.Keep用法小結(jié)：(1)用作及物動詞：(a).意為保存、保留、保持、留下：Couldyoukeeptheselettersforme,please?I'llkeepaseatforyou.我給你留個座位。Itcanhelptokeepvegetables,fruitandmeatforalongtimeinhotsummer.在炎熱的夏天，它有助于蔬菜、水果和肉類長時間保鮮Canyoukeepasecret?你能保守秘密嗎？Hekeptallmoneyinthebank.(b).履行（諾言）遵守（法律規(guī)則）Everybodymustkeepthelaw(c).意為"照顧、養(yǎng)活、贍養(yǎng)、飼養(yǎng)"等。如Shekepthersisterforaweekwhilehersisterwasill.Ihaveafamilytokeep.我得養(yǎng)活一家人。Theoldmankeptmanyanimalslikedogs,pigs,andcats.(d).經(jīng)營，管理：Hekeptahotelinthiscity.(e).借：borrow是不可持續(xù)動詞，當要表達借某東西多久時，就用keep:HowlongcanIkeepthisbook?這本書我可借多長時間？Youcankeepitfortwoweeks.你可以借兩周(f).意為"記(日記、帳等)"。如：shekeepsadiaryeveryday.她堅持每天記日記(g).意為"使……保持某種(狀態(tài)、位置或動作等)"。這時要在keep的賓語后接補足語，構成復合賓語。其中賓語補足語通常由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞等充當。如：Weshouldkeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.(形容詞)我們應保持教室整潔干凈。Theotherstudentsintheclasskeeptheireyesclosed.(過去分詞)班上其他同學都閉著眼睛keep…awayfrom…使什么遠離什么。You'dbetterkeepthechildawayfromthefire.(副詞)Thebadweatherkeepsusinsidethehouse.(介詞短語)壞天氣使我們不能出門。keepsb.doingsth.Don'tkeepmewaitingforlong.(現(xiàn)在分詞)別讓我等太久。(2).用作聯(lián)系動詞，構成系表結(jié)構：keep＋表語，意為"保持，繼續(xù)(處于某種狀態(tài))"Youmustlookafteryourselfandkeephealthy.(形容詞)你必須照顧好自己，保持身體健康（keephealthy=keepinhealth）Sheknewshemustkeepcalm.她知道她必須保持鎮(zhèn)靜(3).含keep的其它常用句型：（a）.keep（on）doingsth.意為"繼續(xù)干某事":Hekeptworkingallday,becausehewantedtofinishtheworkontime.他整天都在不停地工作，因為他想準時完成工作。(b).keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事：Theheavysnowkeptusfromgoingout.大雪使我們不能出去。10.notenoughtodosth.:課文原句：Itisnotenoughtojuststudyhard.僅僅只靠努力是不夠的。lookfor尋找lookafter照看照顧takecareof照看照顧takeafter（有血緣關系）的人之間外貌性格相像（遺傳像）looklike廣泛的人，物，事之間相像。(看上去像)besimilarto一般都是在相近似的物品和情境的對比上11.trytodosth.和trydoingsth.的辨析：trytodosth.努力做某事Trytobehereontimetryone’sbesttodosth.Youmusttryyourbesttofinishyourtest.trydoingsth.嘗試做某事Itriedknockingatthedoor,butnobodyanswered.我試著敲了敲后門，但沒人回答。SelfCheck練習題一。1.bestressedout有壓力的haveatest考試課文原句：Areyoustressedouteachtimeyouhavearest?Whenyouarestressedout,youshouldlistentomusic.I'vebeenstressedoutaboutmyoralexam.我覺得口語考試壓力大2.rembertodosth.記得去做某事。remberdoingsth.記得做過某事。課文原句：Rembertotakenotesinclass.類似的短語還有：(1)stoptodo與stopdoingstoptodosth.停止正在做的事情，去做另外一件事。（結(jié)果還在做）stopdoingsth停止做某事。（最后結(jié)果：沒有做事了）stopdoingsth.是停止做某事指停止做原來的事情e.g.Hearingthedoorbell,shestoppedwashingthedishes.聽見門鈴聲，她停止洗碗了。stoptodo是停下（手頭的事情）去做另外一件事e.g.Hearingthedollbell,shestoppedtoopenthedor.聽見門鈴聲，她停下手中的活去開門。(2)forgettodo與forgetdoingforgettodo忘記去做某事。(未做)forgetdoing忘記做過某事。(已做)Thelightintheofficeisstilon.Heforgottoturnitoff.辦公室的燈還在亮著，它忘記關了。(沒有做關燈的動作)Heforgotturningthelightoff.他忘記他已經(jīng)關了燈了。(已做過關燈的動作)Don'tforgettocometomorrow.3.bitbybit一點點地；漸漸地Hesavedmoneybitbybituntilhehaveenoughtobuyacar.他一點兒一點兒攢錢直到夠買一輛汽車。4.atonce立刻，馬上同意短語：rightawayinaminute5.worryabout與beworriedaboutbeworriedabout表示一個狀態(tài)；而worryabout表示一個動作(1)worryabout擔憂，擔心。Youdon'thavetoworryaboutme.I'magoodswimmer. 你不用擔心我。我水性很好(2)Don'tbeworriedabouttomorrow'stest,youwillpassit.不要擔心明天的測試，你會通過的。Heisworriedabouthisson.他為兒子擔心。Heisworryingabouthisson.他正擔心他的兒子。Heworriesabouthisson.他為兒子擔心。練習題二，What’sthematter?同義句轉(zhuǎn)換：What’swrongwithyou?Unit2Ithinkthatmooncakesaredelicious!單元重點：1.賓語從句2.感嘆句一。賓語從句（一）概念：在復合句中，由一個句子充當賓語，這個句子就叫做賓語從句。（二）要點：關聯(lián)詞時態(tài)語序（三）具體講解：1.關聯(lián)詞：(1)從句原型是陳述句：that（有時可省略）Ithink(that)Halloweenisafunfestival.Marythinks(that)theteamswerejustfantastic.(2)從句原型是一般疑問句whether/if:Iwonderif/whetherthey’llhavetheracesagainnextyear.Benwondersif/whetherAprilisagoodtimetovisitThailand.(3)從句原型是特殊疑問句：whowhatwhichwhenwherehowwhy:Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?Canyoutellmewhosheis?2.時態(tài)：(1).如果主句的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句該用什么時態(tài)就用什么時態(tài)。Idon’tthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswhereheis.CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?(2)如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時，賓語從句只能用相應的過去時態(tài)（一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時，過去完成時）。例如：Heaskedwhattimeitwas.Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.(3).如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，其時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時。OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.3.賓語從句的語序：賓語從句的語序應為陳述句的語序。例如：Ihear(that)physicsisn’teasy.Ithink(that)youwilllikethisschoolsoon.CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhavethemeeting.4.賓語從句中whether和if有什么區(qū)別whether和if都可以引導賓語從句，表示“是否”，在口語或間接引語中兩者可以互換使用。如：Iwonderif/whetherIcangetsomeadvicefromyou.Iaskhimwhether/ifhecancome.但在有些情況下，whether和if的用法有一定區(qū)別。(1).whether引導的從句?？梢耘c連詞or或ornot直接連用，而if一般不能。如：正：Letmeknowwhetheryoucancomeornot.誤：Letmeknowifyoucancomeornot.(2).當賓語從句提到句首時，只能用whether引導，而不能用if。正：Whetheritistrueornot,Ican’ttell.誤：Ifitistrueornot,Ican’ttell.(3).whether可以引導帶to的不定式，if則不能。如：正：Idon’tknowwhethertoaccept(接受)orrefuse（拒絕）.誤：Idon’tknowiftoacceptorrefuse.(4).whether及其引導的成分可放在介詞之后，作介詞的賓語，但if不能。如：正：IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.誤：IworryaboutifIhurtherfeelings.第(5)點用法區(qū)別作為了解，可以不背：(5).whether可以引導從句，作主語、表語或同位語，而if不能。正：Itwasuncertainwhetherhewouldcome.誤：Itwasuncertainifhewouldcome.正：HisfirstquestionwaswhetherTomhadarrivedyet.誤：HisfirstquestionwasifTomhadarrivedyet.正：Wemustconsiderthequestionwhetherwewilltakethesemeasures.誤：Wemustconsiderthequestionifwewilltakethesemeasures.總結(jié)：if在賓語從句中不可用的情況：介后ornot,賓、to前，主、表，同位皆不用。5.賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移主句的謂語動詞是：thinkbelieveimaginesupposeconsiderexpectguess等詞時，主句的主語是第一人稱，時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時的時候，從句的否定詞一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上來，其反義疑問句一般與賓語從句一致：Idon’tthinkhewillcometomyparty.而不能說成Ithinkhewon’tcometomyparty.我認為他不會來我的舞會.Idon’tbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,ishe?我認為那個人不是Jim所殺的,是不是?如果賓語從句中有某個含有否定意義的形容詞或副詞,其反義疑問句要用肯定形式：Wefindthatheneverlistenstotheteachercarefully,doeshe?我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他從來不仔細聽老師講課,是不是?二.感嘆句：感嘆句是表示說話時的驚異、喜悅、氣氛、哀傷等強烈感情的句子。通常由how或what引導，句末用感嘆號。1.由what引導的感嘆句：(1)What+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式（+主語+謂語）?。篧hataclevergirlsheis!(2)What形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)形式（+主語+謂語）！Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!(3)What形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞（+主語+謂語）！Whatsweet+wateritis!2.由howy引導的感嘆句：(1)How+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式（+主語+謂語）！Howusefulasubjecttheyarelearning!(2)How+形容詞/副詞（+主語+謂語）Howhotitistoday!Howdeliciousthemooncakesare!Howfastheruns!(3)How+主語+謂語！Howtimeflies!總結(jié)：1.形容詞后有名詞用what,形容詞后無名詞用how.2.總觀how和what的六種結(jié)構：相同的是:How/what形容詞主語謂語不同的是：(1)whata/an形容詞:How形容詞a/anWhataclevergirlsheis!Howcleveragirlsheis!(2)How+形容詞+主語+謂語！Howdeliciousthemooncakesare!Whatdeliciousmooncakestheyare！Howhotitistoday!Howsweetthewateris!Whatahotdayitis!Whatsweetwateritis!3.陳述句改為感嘆句陳述句改為感嘆句時，常使用“一斷二加三換位”的方法：(1)“一斷”，即在謂語動詞后邊斷開，把句子分成兩部分Sheis~abeautifulgirl.Heworks~hard.(2)“二加”，即如果第二部分的第一個詞為形容詞、副詞，就加上how；如果是名詞（詞組），就加上what。Sheis~（what）abeautifulgirl.Heworks~(how)hard.(3)“三換位”，即把第一部分與第二部分互換位置，同時把句號換為感嘆句。Whatabeautifulgirlsheis!Howhardheworks!2cputon增加（體重），發(fā)胖課文原句：I’vputonfivepounds.Puton穿衣服Heputonacoatandranoutofthehouse.拓展：關于穿衣的幾種表達：dress給某人穿dressup打扮裝飾，穿上盛裝，盛裝打扮Puton強調(diào)穿衣動作wear強調(diào)穿什么衣服的樣子、狀態(tài)。In其后跟顏色，表示穿什么顏色的衣服。Heputonacoatandranoutofthehouse.Hedressedhissonacoatandranoutofthehouse.Heworeacoatandranoutofthehouse.Themaninaredcoatranoutofthehouse.2d一，關于in加一段時間的表達：in+一段時間，表示一段時間之后或者一段時間以內(nèi)。課文原句：I’mgoingtoChiangMaiintwoweeks.考點：針對劃線部分提問：HowsoonareyougoingtoChiangMai?Myfatherwillcomebackinthreehours.Howsoonwillyourfathercomeback?拓展：針對劃線部分提問，用到howlonghowsoonhowfarhowoftenhowmanyhowmuchhowold:1.howlong:IhavelearnedEnglishfortenyears.HowlonghaveyoulearnedEnglish?Thisriverisabouttenkilometerslong.Howlongisthisriver?2.howsoon:Jimwillreturnintwoweeks.HowsoonwillJimreturn?3.howfar:Hisschoolistwokilometersawayfromhishome.Howfarishisschoolfromhishome?4.howoften:TomwatchesTVtwiceaweek.HowoftendoeshewatchTV.拓展：對“次數(shù)”提問用howmanytimes。如：HehasbeentoEnglandtwice.→HowmanytimeshashebeentoEngland?5.Howmany:Therearesevendaysinaweek.Howmanydaysarethereinaweek?TherearefiftystudentsinClass1.HowmanystudentsarethereinClass1?6.howmuchShespenttenyuanonthebook.Howmuchdidshespendonthebook?7.howold:Herbrotherisfiveyearsold.Howoldisherbrother?=What’sherbrother’sage?二.besimilarto的用法:1.besimilarto一般都是在相近似的物品和情境的對比上:課文原句：Iwonderifit`ssimilartotheWaterFestivaloftheDaipeopleinYunnanProvince.我想知道泰國潑水節(jié)和中國云南省傣族潑水節(jié)是否相似。Myproblemsaresimilartoyours.我的問題與你的類似2.takeafter（有血緣關系）的人之間外貌性格相像（遺傳像）Hetakesafterhisfather,adrunkard.[`dr??k?d].他就像他父親一樣，醉漢一個。3.looklike廣泛的人，物，事之間看起來相像。(指樣子看起來像)：(1)Helookslikeadoctorwhenhewearsawhiteuniform.Thecontour[`k?ntu?]輪廓ofthatmountainlookslikeadragon龍拓展：looklik的其他用法：(2)詢問某人長什么樣：Whatdoesyoursisterlooklike?你的姐姐長什么樣？注意：What`syoursisterlike?（belike問性格）你姐姐怎樣？你姐姐是怎樣的人？Whatdoesyoursisterdo?你姐姐是做什么的？4.besimilarto,takeafter,looklike,之間相互轉(zhuǎn)換：Heissimilartohismother.Hetakesafterhismother.Helookslikehismother.5.similar相似和same相同Same前要加定冠詞the:Asimilarmistake相似的錯誤thesamemistake相同的錯誤Thebrotherslookverysimilar.Iaminthesameclasswithhim.Same的拓展：thesameas相同bedifferentfrom不同thesameas:Thispenisthesameasmine.Thispenisdifferentfrommine.Ihavethesamelonghairasmysister.Saltisthesamecolorassnow.3a一，短語：intheshapeof是···的形狀課文原句：MooncakesareintheshapeofafullmoonontheMid-Autumnnight.月餅是中秋晚上月亮的樣子。二，短語：1,plantodosth.計劃做某事。課文原句：HouYiplannedtodrinkitwithChane`e.2,refusetodosth.拒絕做某事課文原句：Chang`erefusedtogiveittohimanddrankitall.3,flyupto···飛到···地方課文原句：Shebecameverylightandflewuptothemoon.4,layout擺開，布置課文原句：Hequicklylaidoutherfavoritefruitsanddessertsinthegarden.注意：lay(放置)laidlaidlayout擺開布置Lie(存在，平躺，處于)laylain5，asaresult結(jié)果4b一，短語：givesth.tosb.=givesbsth.takeout取出課文原句：Americanchildrenoftengivegiftstotheirparentsortakethemoutforlunchordinner.Americanchildrenoftengivetheirparentsgifts.聯(lián)想，關于take的短語：Takeaway拿走takeafter長得像takepartin參加takeoff起飛/脫下takecareof照看照顧takeiteasy放松別緊張takeaphoto/takephotos照相takenotes記筆記takesb./sth.to某地：帶某人或某物去某地二，關于spend的用法;（花錢買東西的表達：spendcosttakepayfor）1.spendtime/moneyonsth.Ispenttenyuanonthepen.Ispenttwohoursonthismathproblem.2.spendtime/money(in)doingsth.花錢，時間做某事。Theyspenttwoyears(in)buildingthisbridge.Ispent40minutes(in)doingmyhomework.3.spentmoneyforsthIspenttenyuanforthepen.拓展：1,take類似的用法：花時間，錢做某事。(1),Howlongwillittakeyoutodoyourhomeworkeveryday?每天做作業(yè)要花費你多長時間？Itake40minutestodomyhomeworkeveryday.=Ittakesmy40minutestodomyhomeworkeveryday.(2),花錢買東西:Itusuallytakesher20yuantobuybookseveryweek.每周買書通常要花費她20元錢。=Shetakes20yuantobuybookseveryweek.2.cost的類似用法：物作主語，表示某物價值多少錢。costcost(過去式)cost(過去分詞)(1)Thepencoststenyuan.(2)Thepencostsme10yuan.(3)也可表示做某事要花多少時間(初中少見這種用法):Doingmyhomeworkcostme40minutes.3.pay的類似用法：paypaid(過去式)paid(過去分詞)payfor付錢(1)payforsth.(2)paymoneyforsth.Ineedtogetsomemoneytopayforsummercamp.Mybrotherpaidfortheshoes.Ipaidtenyuanforthepen.Unit2IthinkthatmooncakesaredeliciousSectionB1c一.短語：1.turnon打開turnoff關閉turnup調(diào)高，調(diào)大turndown調(diào)低，調(diào)小課文原句：Theyturnoffthelightsandlightcandles.2.dressup裝飾，打扮，穿上盛裝，盛裝打扮。dressupas裝扮成···課文原句：Littlekidsandevenparentsdressupasghostsorblackcats.Youdonotneedtodressupfordinner.你不必為了晚宴盛裝打扮WeshalldressthehallupfortheNationalDay.我們要把大廳布置一新過國慶節(jié)。Motherlovedtodressmeup.媽媽喜歡裝扮我3.playatrickonsb.戲弄捉弄某人；開某人的玩笑，欺騙某人。課文原句：Kidswillplayatrickonyouifyoudon`tgivethematreat.聯(lián)想：telljokes講笑話：Whenamupset,theycantelljokesforme拓展：關于joke的短語：telljokesonsb=telljokesaboutsb,講關于某人的笑話。IwilltellyousomejokesaboutJack.我給你們講幾個關于杰克的笑話。Ijustplayedsomejokesonhim,nobigdeal.我只是對他惡作劇而已，沒什么大不了的。telljokestosb=tellsbjokes,給某人講笑話。Letmetellsomejokestothegirls.我去給姑娘們講些笑話4.treatsb.款待某人givesb.atreat款待某人課文原句：Kidswillplayatrickonyouifyoudon`tgivethematreat.Hedoesn`ttreatothersnicely.他從不熱情友好的款待他人。（選自2b）2b一.Usefulexpressions:1.thetruemeaningofChristmas圣誕節(jié)的真諦2.give···to···：giveloveandjoytopeoplearoundus3.peoplearoundus我們周圍的人4.named/called叫什么名字的某人某物：課文原句：ItisaboutanoldmannamedScroogewhoneverlaughsorsmiles.5.peopleinneed需要幫助的人二.hatetodosth.與hatedoingsth.hatetodosth.（一次性的）hatedoingsth.（經(jīng)常性的）Ihatetodancewithyoutoday.Ihatedancingwithyou.三.usedto,beusedtodo,與beusedtodoing的區(qū)別：1，usedto過去常常做某事：Heusedtogotothelibraryinsummerholidays.。Iusedtogetupearlyandtakeanhour'swalkbeforebreakfast.我過去常常起床很早并且在早餐前散步一小時。2.beusedtodosth.(1)主語是物的時候：被用于做某事：Thegoldisusedtomakeamedal.這金子是用來做獎牌的。Computersareusedtodomanythingsforpeoplenow.現(xiàn)在計算機被用來做許多事情。(2)主語是人的時候：：sb.beusedtodosth某人習慣于某事的狀態(tài)Hewasusedtothecoldweatherafterhelivedtherefortwoyears．在那里住兩年后，他已習慣了寒冷的天氣。Heisusedtohardwork．他習慣于艱苦工作。還可是：sb.getusedtodosth某人變得習慣某種狀態(tài)：Ithinkitisabitdifficultforyoutogetusedtothehumidweatherhere．我想，讓你習慣于這里潮濕而炎熱的天氣有點困難。3.beusedtodoing習慣于做某事Heisusedtogettinguplate.他習慣早上起得很晚。Sheisn’tusedtolivinginthecountrysidenow.她不習慣在鄉(xiāng)下生活拓展：get/becomeusedtodoing變得習慣做某事。Ihavegotusedtohavinganappleeverymorning.我已經(jīng)習慣每天早上吃一個蘋果了。You'llsoongetusedtolivinginthecountry．很快你就會習慣于住在鄉(xiāng)下了。四.remind的用法：remindsbofsth使某人想起某事Itremindsmeofmybestfriend.它讓我想到了我最好的朋友。remindsbtodosth提醒某人做某事Pleaseremindmetofinishmywork.請?zhí)嵝盐彝瓿晒ぷ?。五。幾個相像的單詞：expect期望，指望，預料，期待，認為expertn.專家adj.熟練的，老練的，內(nèi)行的。explain解釋，說明complain抱怨expressionn.表達Selfcheck一.易混辨析：between與among課文原句：ThisholidayisalwaysonaSundaybetweenMarch22ndandApril25th.這個節(jié)日總是在3月22日至4月25日之間的一個周日。Between介詞，（表示位置）在···中間；介于···之間；（表示時間）在···之間，在···中間。I’musuallyfreebetweenTuesdayandFriday.①among指三者或三者以上之間，其賓語通常是一個表示籠統(tǒng)數(shù)量或具有復數(shù)（或集合）意義的名詞或代詞。Theyhidthemselvesamongthetrees.②betweeen主要指兩者之間，其賓語往往是表示兩者的名詞或代詞，或者是有and連接的兩個人或物herewasafightbetweenthetwoboys.=3\*GB3③among還看了用來表示一個比較的范圍，常與最高級連用。Sheisthetallestamongtheclassmates.二.Notonly???butalso???課文原句：Notonlydopeoplespreadthemaroundindifferenthidingplacesforanegghunt,buttheyalsogiveoutthesetreatsasgifts.人們不禁會把雞蛋分散地藏在不同的地方來玩尋蛋游戲，而且還會把它們作為禮物分發(fā)出去。1.Notonly···butalso···是一個并列連詞，在句中連接兩個并列對等的成分。Shenotonlyplayswell,butalsowritesmusic.Wegotherenotonlyinwinter,butalsoinsummer.在使用notonly...butalso...時還應注意以下幾點：①當notonly...butalso...連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)原則上與其臨近的主語保持一致。Notonlyyoubutalsoheisw