四川省綿陽市2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量測(cè)試英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1四川省綿陽市2022-2023學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量測(cè)試英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheBritishMuseumGalleryArtSessionNationalcurriculumlinks●Art&DesignAboutthissessionGalleryArtsessionstakeplaceinoneormoreoftheMuseum’sgalleries.Yourstudentsexploreathemechosenbyyouandareledbyanartist-educator.ThesessionsreflectthediversityofworldculturesthroughtheBritishMuseum’scollections.Format:galleryworkshop,Q&A,practicalart-basedactivities,discussionCapacity:15pergroup(max30studentsperday,splitinto2groups)Duration:90minutesPrice:FreeIndetail●ThesessionbeginswithanintroductiontotheMuseumanditscollections.●Theartist-educatorwillleadstudentsthroughanexplorationofthethemeinseveralgalleries.●Itconcludeswithameetingwhichhighlightsthequestionstoaskwhenexaminingmuseumobjects,theskillsofrecordinginformationgatheredinamuseumandasummaryofthekeythemesofthesession.Beforeyourvisit●ThepurposeoftheMuseumvisit,forexample,collectingmaterialforaparticularprojectorexaminingobjectsfromaparticularcultureorperiod,shouldbemadeclearbeforearrivalandstudentsshouldknowtheexpectedoutcomesofthevisit.Afteryourvisit●Yoursessionandmuseumvisitshouldberecorded,e.g.usingdigitalcameras,notesanddrawingssothatfurtherindepthresearchcanbedone.FindoutmoreAselectionofgalleriesbelowmaybevisitedduringthesession.●Room25:Africa●Room26:NorthAmerica●Room27:Asia1.Whoisthetextintendedfor?A.Teachers. B.Parents. C.Students. D.Artists.2.Whichofthefollowingisrequiredofstudentsbeforetheartsession?A.Paytheticketsingroups. B.Plantheoutcomewithothers.C.Recordthevisitwithnotes. D.Knowthepurposeofthevisit.3.Whatcanstudentsdoduringtheartsession?A.Drawthecollections. B.Choosesomethemes.C.Visitvariousgalleries. D.IntroducetheMuseum.〖答案〗1.A2.D3.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹的是英國博物館的畫廊藝術(shù)課程?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Aboutthissession部分中的“GalleryArtsessionstakeplaceinoneormoreoftheMuseum’sgalleries.Yourstudentsexploreathemechosenbyyouandareledbyanartist-educator.ThesessionsreflectthediversityofworldculturesthroughtheBritishMuseum’scollections.(畫廊藝術(shù)課程在博物館的一個(gè)或多個(gè)畫廊舉行。您的學(xué)生探索由您選擇的主題，并由藝術(shù)家教育家?guī)ьI(lǐng)。這些會(huì)議通過大英博物館的藏品反映了世界文化的多樣性。)”可知，您的學(xué)生探索由您選擇的主題，有此可知，本文的讀者應(yīng)是教師。故選A項(xiàng)【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Beforeyourvisit部分中的“ThepurposeoftheMuseumvisit,forexample,collectingmaterialforaparticularprojectorexaminingobjectsfromaparticularcultureorperiod,shouldbemadeclearbeforearrivalandstudentsshouldknowtheexpectedoutcomesofthevisit.(參觀博物館的目的，例如，為一個(gè)特定的項(xiàng)目收集材料，或檢查特定文化或時(shí)期的物品，應(yīng)該在到達(dá)之前明確，學(xué)生應(yīng)該知道參觀的預(yù)期結(jié)果。)”可知，學(xué)習(xí)畫廊的藝術(shù)課程的學(xué)生到達(dá)之前明確好參觀博物館的目的，由此可知，學(xué)生需要了解訪問的目的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Findoutmore部分中的“Aselectionofgalleriesbelowmaybevisitedduringthesession.(學(xué)習(xí)課程期間可參觀以下精選畫廊。)”可知，學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)課程時(shí)，可以參觀下面的各種畫廊。故選C項(xiàng)。BThismorning,whiletidyingupmyoffice,IfoundanopenboxofpackagedchocolatecookiesthatI’dboughtsometimelastyear.Theuse-bydatehadcomeandgonemorethaneightmonthsago.Curious,Itookasmallbite.Theystilltastedprettygood.Welcometotheworldofultra-processed(超加工)foods.Andwe’reeatingalotofthem.Ultra-processedfoodscurrentlymakeupnearly60%ofwhatthetypicaladulteats,andnearly70%ofwhatkidseat.Theyincludeeverythingfromcookiesandsodastopackagedbreadsandfrozenmeals,evenicecreams.Youmightnotrealizeyou’reeatingone,butlookcloseandyou’llseemanyingredientsyouwouldn’tfindinyourkitchen.Andalargeandgrowingamountofevidencehasconsistentlylinkedoverconsumptionofultra-processedfoodstopoorhealthoutcomes.“Toomuchofitleadstoobesityandtypetwodiabetes(糖尿病)andheartdiseaseandcancer.”saysChristopherGardner,aprofessoratStanfordUniversity,whohasspentdecadesstudyingthelinksbetweendietandchronicdisease(慢性病).Onereasonultra-processedfoodslikelyleadtohealthissuesseemsobvious:Theytendtobelowinfiberandhighincalories,salt,addedsugarandfat,whicharealllinkedwithpoorhealthoutcomeswheneatentoomuch.Eventually,Gardnersaystheburdenofmakinghealthierfoodchoicesshouldn’tfallcompletelyonconsumers-especiallywhenitcomestosettingkidsupforbetterhealthlongterm.“Itdoesneedthewholesocietytopayattentiontothis,toworktogether,includingthefoodindustryandthegovernment,tobeabletoreducetheamountofultra-processedfoodourkidsareconsumingintheirday,”hesays.4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttosayinthesecondparagraphs?A.Ultra-processedfoodspreservetheflavorlong.B.Ultra-processedfoodshavebecomeabigpartofourdiet.C.Convenienceexplainsthepopularityofultra-processedfoods.D.Alotofhealthproblemsresultfromconsumptionofultra-processedfoods.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“overconsumption”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Overproduction. B.Overselling. C.Overstore. D.Overeating.6.Whatisaresultoftoomuchultra-processedfoodinpeople’slives?A.Fewerdiseases. B.Healthproblems.C.Dietarychanges. D.Marketcompetition.7.WhatisGardner’ssuggestionformakingkidshealthierinthelongterm?A.Punishthefoodindustry. B.Reducekids’consumption.C.Uniteeffortsfromallsides. D.Makesmarterfoodchoices.〖答案〗4.B5.D6.B7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。w文章主要介紹的是超加工食品的一些問題，過度使用超加工食品會(huì)產(chǎn)生健康問題?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Ultra-processedfoodscurrentlymakeupnearly60%ofwhatthetypicaladulteats,andnearly70%ofwhatkidseat.Theyincludeeverythingfromcookiesandsodastopackagedbreadsandfrozenmeals,evenicecreams.(目前，超加工食品占成年人飲食總量的近60%，占兒童飲食總量的近70%。它們包括從餅干和蘇打水到包裝面包和冷凍食品，甚至冰淇淋的所有東西)”可知，在日常飲食中，超加工的食品占據(jù)了相當(dāng)大的比例。由此推知，超加工食品已經(jīng)成為我們生活中重要的一部分。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞后的““Toomuchofitleadstoobesityandtypetwodiabetes(糖尿病)andheartdiseaseandcancer.”saysChristopherGardner,aprofessoratStanfordUniversity,whohasspentdecadesstudyingthelinksbetweendietandchronicdisease(慢性病).(“吃得太多會(huì)導(dǎo)致肥胖、二型糖尿病、心臟病和癌癥。斯坦福大學(xué)教授克里斯托弗·加德納說。他花了幾十年時(shí)間研究飲食和慢性病之間的聯(lián)系)”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，過度使用超級(jí)工食品會(huì)造成身體健康問題，飲食與慢性疾病之間存在著聯(lián)系。由此推知，劃線單詞的意思應(yīng)是“過多地食用”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的““Toomuchofitleadstoobesityandtypetwodiabetes(糖尿病)andheartdiseaseandcancer.”saysChristopherGardner,aprofessoratStanfordUniversity,whohasspentdecadesstudyingthelinksbetweendietandchronicdisease(慢性病).(“吃得太多會(huì)導(dǎo)致肥胖、二型糖尿病、心臟病和癌癥。斯坦福大學(xué)教授克里斯托弗·加德納說。他花了幾十年時(shí)間研究飲食和慢性病之間的聯(lián)系)”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，過多使用超加工食品會(huì)造成健康問題。由此可知，健康問題是過多使用超加工食品的結(jié)果。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)尾段中的““Itdoesneedthewholesocietytopayattentiontothis,toworktogether,includingthefoodindustryandthegovernment,tobeabletoreducetheamountofultra-processedfoodourkidsareconsumingintheirday,”hesays.(“這確實(shí)需要整個(gè)社會(huì)都關(guān)注這一點(diǎn)，共同努力，包括食品行業(yè)和政府，以減少我們的孩子們每天消費(fèi)的超加工食品的數(shù)量，”他說)”可知，Gardner認(rèn)為，要從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)看來，要解決孩子的健康問題，需要的是整個(gè)社會(huì)引起重視，齊心協(xié)力。由此可知，Gardner的建議是團(tuán)結(jié)社會(huì)的各方力量。故選C項(xiàng)。CResearchersaretryingtoexplorecreativewaystoreducee-waste.Nowoneteamhasinventedawater-activatedbattery(水激活電池)madeofpaperandothersustainablematerials.Somee-wasteisrelativelylarge:oldphonesandairconditioners,forinstance.Othere-wasteismoreunnoticeable,suchasbatteries.It’sthesesmallbatteriesthatarebigproblems.Nobodyreallypaysattentiontowheretheyendup.ResearchersattheSwissFederalLaboratoriesforMaterialsScienceandTechnologyareworkingtoaddressthisproblem.Theyinventedawater-activatedpaperbatteryusingenvironmentallyfriendlymaterialsthatcouldeventuallyreplacethemoreharmfulbatteriescommoninlow-powerdevices.Atraditionalbatteryismadeofplastic,metalorotherharmfulmaterials.Thepaperbatteryworksthesameasatraditionalbattery.Ithasapositivelycharged(帶電的)side,anegativelychargedside,andaconductivematerial(傳導(dǎo)材料)betweenthetwo.Inthenewbattery,thepositivelyandnegativelychargedsidesareinksprintedontothefrontandbackofapieceofpaper.Thatpaperisfilledwithsalt,whichdissolves(溶解)whenthepaperiswet.Whenthepaperisdry,thebatteryisoff.Oncethepaperiswet,thebatteryactivateswithin20seconds.Thenewbattery’soperatingperformanceworsensasthepaperdries.Whenthescientistsrewetthepaperduringtesting,thebatterybeginstoworkagainandlastsanhourbeforebeginningtodryoutagain.Althoughtheresearchersshowedthattheirbatterycouldpoweranalarmclock,itisunlikelytoreplacestandardbatteriesnow.Itishardtopredictatimelineforproducingsuchbatteriesinalargenumber,butthatfuturemaynotbesofaroff.“Thisreallystartswiththedevelopmentofsustainablematerials,”Nystr?m,theleadauthor,explains,“Fromthere,Ithinkweareabletocreatesomethingthatisquiteuseful.”8.Whydidtheresearchersinventthenewbatteries?A.Toreplaceharmfulbatteries. B.Todevelopsustainablematerials.C.Topowercommondevices. D.Tomakee-wastemorenoticeable.9.Inwhataspectarethetraditionalandthenewbatteriesdifferent?A.Sizes. B.Usages. C.Materials. D.Functions.10.Whatdoweknowaboutthepaperusedinthenewbatteries?A.Itdrieswithin20seconds. B.Itcanbeusedmanytimes.C.Ithasinkonthefrontside. D.Itbreakseasilyinsaltwater.11.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthenewbatteryfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itstoreshugepower. B.Ittakesagestomakeit.C.Itishighlyprofitable. D.Ithasapromisingfuture.〖答案〗8.A9.C10.B11.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹的是一種新型環(huán)保的電池?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theyinventedawater-activatedpaperbatteryusingenvironmentallyfriendlymaterialsthatcouldeventuallyreplacethemoreharmfulbatteriescommoninlow-powerdevices.(他們發(fā)明了一種水激活紙電池，使用環(huán)保材料，最終可以取代低功耗設(shè)備中常見的更有害的電池。)”可知，科學(xué)家發(fā)明一種水激活的紙電池，可以最終取代有害的電池，由此可知，研究者發(fā)明新電池是為了取代舊的有害的電池。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theyinventedawater-activatedpaperbatteryusingenvironmentallyfriendlymaterialsthatcouldeventuallyreplacethemoreharmfulbatteriescommoninlow-powerdevices.(他們發(fā)明了一種水激活紙電池，使用環(huán)保材料，最終可以取代低功耗設(shè)備中常見的更有害的電池。)”可知，這種新電池是使用環(huán)保材料，根據(jù)第三段中的“Atraditionalbatteryismadeofplastic,metalorotherharmfulmaterials.(傳統(tǒng)電池是由塑料、金屬或其他有害材料制成的。)”可知，傳統(tǒng)電池使用的是塑料、金屬或者其他有害材料制作而成，由此可知，新的電池與傳統(tǒng)電池是在材料方面不同。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Whenthepaperisdry,thebatteryisoff.Oncethepaperiswet,thebatteryactivateswithin20seconds.Thenewbattery’soperatingperformanceworsensasthepaperdries.Whenthescientistsrewetthepaperduringtesting,thebatterybeginstoworkagainandlastsanhourbeforebeginningtodryoutagain.(當(dāng)紙干了，電池就沒電了。一旦紙濕了，電池就會(huì)在20秒內(nèi)激活。隨著紙張的干燥，新電池的運(yùn)行性能會(huì)惡化。當(dāng)科學(xué)家們?cè)跍y(cè)試過程中將紙重新弄濕時(shí)，電池就會(huì)重新開始工作，并在再次變干之前持續(xù)工作一個(gè)小時(shí)。)”可知，當(dāng)紙干了，就沒電了，但紙濕了后，20秒又可以激活，科學(xué)家再次把紙弄濕后，電池又可以使用，且會(huì)一直持續(xù)到紙變干，由此可知，這種新型的電池可以反復(fù)使用。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Itishardtopredictatimelineforproducingsuchbatteriesinalargenumber,butthatfuturemaynotbesofaroff.(很難預(yù)測(cè)大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)這種電池的時(shí)間線，但未來可能不會(huì)那么遙遠(yuǎn)。)”可知，大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)這種電池的時(shí)間不會(huì)很遙遠(yuǎn)，結(jié)合尾段中的““Thisreallystartswiththedevelopmentofsustainablematerials,”Nystr?m,theleadauthor,explains,“Fromthere,Ithinkweareabletocreatesomethingthatisquiteuseful.”(“這真的是從可持續(xù)材料的發(fā)展開始的，”Nystr?m，第一作者解釋說，“從那里，我認(rèn)為我們能夠創(chuàng)造出一些非常有用的東西。”)”可知，Nystr?m認(rèn)為這是一種非常有用的東西，綜合以上信息可知，這種新電池有一個(gè)充滿希望的未來。故選D項(xiàng)。DImagineasmalllifestylechangethatcouldbothreduceyourweightandriskofdepressionandboostyourproductivity.It’sassimpleasgettingupearlyonaregularbasis.Moreinterestingly,scienceissupportingit.Ina2019experimentbyMonashUniversity,nightowlsreportedfeelinglessdepression,stressanddaytimesleepinessaftertheirbodyclockswerebroughtforwardbytwohoursacrossathree-weekperiod.Multiplestudiesshowmorningtypestendtoperformbetteracademicallyandatworkandgetmoredonethannightowls.Accordingtothoseearlybirds,advantagesofthemorningincludelessdistraction,moretimeandmorespacetothinkandgetworkdone.Therearefewerotherpeopleup,fewerphonecalls,textmessages,emailsandmore.Also,studiesshowourabilities,energyandmoodaregenerallyattheirpeakinthemorning,includinglatemorning.Howearlyis“early”?Scientistshaven’tyetdeterminedanideal,exacttimetostartandendtheday.Itissuggestedthatpeopleshouldadjustsleeptimingwiththesun’sdailycycleandlight.Butitdoesn’tmeantoriseassoonasnaturallightfirstappears.Also,manyofussufferfromsleepproblemsduringthenightthatmakerisingearlyundesirable.Andifyou’reanaturalowl,tryingtochangeyourpatternmightnotfavoryou.Payattentionwhenyoufeelmostenergetic.Whilebeinganearlyrisermayhavebenefitsforyourhealth,what’smoreimportantisgettingenough,qualitysleepandkeepingaregularpattern.Don’tsetthealarmfor5:30amifitmeansreducingoverallsleeptime.Youcouldendupsufferingfromnegativeeffectsofsleepdeprivation(缺乏),includingapoorermoodandenergy,lessabilitytoconcentrate,weightgainandmore.12.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“nightowls”inParagraph2referto?A.Peoplewhoriseearly. B.Peoplewhosleeplate.C.Peoplewhoaredepressed. D.Peoplewhoareoverweight.13.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Whenourabilitiesarebest. B.Whatadvantagesofmorningsare.C.Whyearlybirdsperformbetter. D.Whocommunicatesinthemorning.14.Whatmighthappentoyouifyousetyouralarmtooearly?A.Youwilllosesomeweight. B.Youcouldhavemoreworkdone.C.Youmayfindithardtofocus. D.Youcanseethefirstnaturallight.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ThePowerofRisingEarly. B.TheHabitsofMorningTypes.C.TheAmountofSleepTime. D.TheBenefitsofLifestyleChanges.〖答案〗12.B13.C14.C15.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是早起有利于減肥、降低抑郁風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和提高工作效率。【12題詳析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中的“…reportedfeelinglessdepression,stressanddaytimesleepinessaftertheirbodyclockswerebroughtforwardbytwohoursacrossathree-weekperiod.(……報(bào)告稱，在三周的時(shí)間里，他們的生物鐘提前了兩個(gè)小時(shí)，他們的抑郁、壓力和白天困倦感都有所減輕。)”可知，此處講述的是研究對(duì)象報(bào)告的情況，這些人覺得為期三周的生物鐘提前兩個(gè)小時(shí)后，自己的抑郁、壓力和白天睡覺的情況減少，結(jié)合第三段中的“Multiplestudiesshowmorningtypestendtoperformbetteracademicallyandatworkandgetmoredonethannightowls.(多項(xiàng)研究表明，早起的人在學(xué)業(yè)和工作上的表現(xiàn)往往比夜貓子更好，完成的工作也更多。)”可知，大量研究表明，早起要比夜貓子在學(xué)業(yè)上和工作上的表現(xiàn)要好，由此可知，劃線單詞應(yīng)是對(duì)應(yīng)著早起的人，所以該短語的意思是“睡得晚的人”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Multiplestudiesshowmorningtypestendtoperformbetteracademicallyandatworkandgetmoredonethannightowls.(多項(xiàng)研究表明，早起的人在學(xué)業(yè)和工作上的表現(xiàn)往往比夜貓子更好，完成的工作也更多。)”可知，研究表明，早起的人在學(xué)業(yè)和工作方面比夜貓子的表現(xiàn)更好，結(jié)合下文分析這一研究結(jié)論的原因可知，本段主要講述的是為什么早起的人的表現(xiàn)更好。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)尾段中的“Don’tsetthealarmfor5:30amifitmeansreducingoverallsleeptime.Youcouldendupsufferingfromnegativeeffectsofsleepdeprivation(缺乏),includingapoorermoodandenergy,lessabilitytoconcentrate,weightgainandmore.(不要把鬧鐘定在早上5點(diǎn)半，如果這意味著減少整體睡眠時(shí)間。你最終可能會(huì)遭受睡眠剝奪的負(fù)面影響，包括情緒和精力不佳、注意力不集中、體重增加等等。)”可知，如果早起的過早，可能會(huì)有負(fù)面的影響，比如情緒和精力差、注意力不集中和體重增加等。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段“Imagineasmalllifestylechangethatcouldbothreduceyourweightandriskofdepressionandboostyourproductivity.It’sassimpleasgettingupearlyonaregularbasis.Moreinterestingly,scienceissupportingit.(想象一下，一個(gè)小小的生活方式的改變既可以減輕你的體重，降低患抑郁癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，又可以提高你的工作效率。這就像經(jīng)常早起一樣簡(jiǎn)單。更有趣的是，科學(xué)也支持這一觀點(diǎn)。)”可知，本文在第一段中介紹了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，早起這樣一個(gè)小小的生活方式的變化可能會(huì)有助于減肥、降低抑郁風(fēng)險(xiǎn)以及提高工作效率，進(jìn)而在下文中對(duì)該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)進(jìn)行分析，說明早起的人的表現(xiàn)會(huì)比晚睡的人更好，同時(shí)也指出不能早起過早，以免產(chǎn)生更多負(fù)面的影響，所以，本文的題目為“早起的力量”基于本文的內(nèi)容吻合，也可以概括全文的主題。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyouwanttotakechargeasaparent,stoptryingtocontrolyourchild.Byfocusingonthereactionsyouhavetoyourchild’sbehaviorratherthanthebehavioritself,youcancreateconsciousparent-childrelationships.____16____Toooftenparentsgetcaughtupinunnecessarypowerstruggleswiththeirchildren,forgettingtoconnectwithorunderstandthem.So,howcanyoubeamoreconsciousparent?Thefirststepisrecognizingthatshameandblamedonotwork.____17____Itnotonlypreventsyoufromconnectingwithyourchildbutalsopreventsyourchildfromconnectingwiththeirsenseofinnersecurityandworth.It’sbettertoviewtheparent-childrelationshipasatwo-waypartnership.Whenyourchildrefusestoeatcarrotsorcleantheirroom,it’seasytoviewthisbehaviorasdisrespectful.Infact,thechildisnottryingtodisrespectyou.____18____Whatyouviewasdisrespectfuloftenhasmoretodowithyourownfeelingsandexperiencesthanyourchild’sbehavior.Parentscanunknowinglywritestoriesfortheirchildrenabouthowtheyshouldbehaveandhowtheirlivesshouldlook.Youmustrecognizethesefantasiesfirst.Next,askyourself,“WhowouldIbewithoutthisfantasy?”____19____Thedifferencebetweenbeinginchargeandbeingincontrolmeansmanagingyourchild’senvironmentinsteadoftryingtocontrolthechild’severyaction.Doyouwantyourchildtoeatfewersweets?____20____It’sbetterthanrepeatedlycriticizingyourchildforeatingcookies.Beingawareofyourchild’senvironmentcanbettersetyoubothupforunderstanding.A.Youarealwayssensitive.B.Thechildisjustbeingachild.C.Youshouldnotkeepcandiesinthehouse.D.Consciousparentingdoesn’tcomenaturally.E.Shopwiselywithyourchildreninthesupermarket.F.Aparentingmodelbasedonfearandpunishmentisharmful.G.Theexpectationsyouholdaboutyourkidsoftenshowyourowndesires.〖答案〗16.D17.F18.B19.G20.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹怎樣才能成為一個(gè)更有意識(shí)的家長(zhǎng)的方法?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Byfocusingonthereactionsyouhavetoyourchild’sbehaviorratherthanthebehavioritself,youcancreateconsciousparent-childrelationships.(通過關(guān)注你對(duì)孩子行為的反應(yīng)而不是行為本身，你可以建立有意識(shí)的親子關(guān)系。)”和下文“So,howcanyoubeamoreconsciousparent?(那么，怎樣才能成為一個(gè)更有意識(shí)的家長(zhǎng)呢?)”說明建立有意識(shí)的親自關(guān)系不是自然而然的，而是需要方法的，選項(xiàng)D“有意識(shí)的養(yǎng)育不是自然而然的?！背薪由衔?，并且引出下文的方法策略，故選D?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Thefirststepisrecognizingthatshameandblamedonotwork.(第一步是認(rèn)識(shí)到辱罵和責(zé)備不起作用。)”和下文“Itnotonlypreventsyoufromconnectingwithyourchildbutalsopreventsyourchildfromconnectingwiththeirsenseofinnersecurityandworth.(這不僅阻礙了你與孩子的聯(lián)系，也阻礙了你的孩子與他們內(nèi)心的安全感和價(jià)值感的聯(lián)系。)”可推斷設(shè)空處應(yīng)說明辱罵和責(zé)備給孩子帶來的壞處，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“基于恐懼和懲罰的養(yǎng)育模式是有害的?！狈仙舷挛恼Z境，語意連貫，故選F?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Whenyourchildrefusestoeatcarrotsorcleantheirroom,it’seasytoviewthisbehaviorasdisrespectful.Infact,thechildisnottryingtodisrespectyou.(當(dāng)你的孩子拒絕吃胡蘿卜或打掃房間時(shí)，很容易把這種行為視為不尊重。事實(shí)上，孩子并不是想要不尊重你。)”可知下文應(yīng)是解釋孩子這種行為其實(shí)沒有不尊重，他們只是孩子，想法很單純，B選項(xiàng)“孩子就只是孩子?！狈仙舷挛恼Z境，故選B?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Parentscanunknowinglywritestoriesfortheirchildrenabouthowtheyshouldbehaveandhowtheirlivesshouldlook.Youmustrecognizethesefantasiesfirst.Next,askyourself,“WhowouldIbewithoutthisfantasy?”(父母可能會(huì)在不知不覺中給孩子寫故事，告訴他們應(yīng)該如何表現(xiàn)，他們的生活應(yīng)該是什么樣子。你必須首先認(rèn)清這些幻想。接下來，問問你自己，“如果沒有這些幻想，我會(huì)是誰?”)”可推斷本段是告訴父母不要把自己的想法強(qiáng)加在孩子的身上，G選項(xiàng)“你對(duì)孩子的期望往往反映了你自己的欲望?！睂?duì)上文進(jìn)行總結(jié)，符合題意，故選G。【20題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Doyouwantyourchildtoeatfewersweets?(你想讓你的孩子少吃點(diǎn)甜品嗎?)”和下文“It’sbetterthanrepeatedlycriticizingyourchildforeatingcookies.(這比反復(fù)批評(píng)你的孩子吃餅干要好。)”可知設(shè)空處應(yīng)該是不讓孩子少吃甜品的方法，C選項(xiàng)“你不應(yīng)該把糖果放在家里?！狈项}意，故選C。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Icouldn’thavebeenbetterpreparedforthetalk,myfirstpresentationasacollegestudent.Ihadlearnedmyspeech____21____.Thedaybeforethetalk,aloneinmyroom,Ifelt____22____.ButassoonasIwasinvitedtothestage,IwasoverwhelmedbyafearIhad____23____toomanytimesbefore—thefearofgetting____24____becauseofmystutter(口吃).ItbeganwhenIwasachild.Ifeltashamedand____25____aslittleaspossibleatschool.Iputalotof____26____intomathandscience;inthesesubjects,Icould____27____myteacherswithwrittenexamsandreportsratherthanspokenones.ButbythetimeIgottomiddleschool,mystutterhadmademea____28____forbullying(欺凌),whichhurtmyacademicperformance.____29____,Iwenttoacookingschool,whereIhopedmycookingwouldspeakforitself.Isawmyfutureasa_____30_____untilanutritionclass,whentheteacher’slecture_____31_____meofmyloveofscience.Ifoundthatmythirstforlearningmorebiologywas_____32_____thanmyfearofstutteringduringoralexams.Istartedtoworkinaresearchlabandtriedspeechtherapy(治療).Withthehelpofmytherapist,I_____33_____realizedtherealproblemwasnotthestutteritself;itwasmyfearofstuttering.Ittookmeaboutayearto_____34_____duringoneweeklymeetingthatIlovemyselfasIam.Now,insteadof_____35_____publicspeeches,Iactivelyseekopportunitiestobeonthestage.AndifIhappentostutteralongtheway,sobeit.21.A.byheart B.onpurpose C.bymistake D.onduty22.A.nervous B.surprised C.confident D.energetic23.A.forgotten B.experienced C.arranged D.considered24.A.stuck B.broken C.lost D.bored25.A.planned B.moved C.studied D.talked26.A.feeling B.money C.power D.effort27.A.interest B.embarrass C.satisfy D.disappoint28.A.target B.celebrity C.hit D.leader29.A.However B.Instead C.Therefore D.Moreover30.A.professor B.chef C.biologist D.director31.A.warmed B.cured C.informed D.reminded32.A.lighter B.stronger C.smaller D.longer33.A.naturally B.immediately C.gradually D.frequently34.A.speakout B.cutin C.takedown D.putup35.A.expecting B.avoiding C.improving D.doubting〖答案〗21.A22.C23.B24.A25.D26.D27.C28.A29.C30.B31.D32.B33.C34.A35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是一個(gè)大學(xué)生在面對(duì)自己的口吃問題時(shí)的成長(zhǎng)和改變。【21題詳析】考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：我把我的演講背熟了。A.byheart用心；B.onpurpose故意地；C.bymistake錯(cuò)誤地；D.onduty值班。結(jié)合句意可知，此處應(yīng)為learn…byheart意為“記住”符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。【22題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：演講的前一天，我獨(dú)自一人在房間里，感到很自信。A.nervous緊張的；B.surprised驚訝的；C.confident自信的；D.energetic精力充沛的。根據(jù)上文中的“Ihadlearnedmyspeech________.”可知，作者已經(jīng)都背下來了，所以此處應(yīng)是“自信的”符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但我一被邀請(qǐng)上臺(tái)，就被一種我以前經(jīng)歷過太多次的恐懼所淹沒——害怕因?yàn)榭诔远ㄗ?。A.forgotten忘記；B.experienced經(jīng)歷；C.arranged安排；D.considered考慮，認(rèn)為。根據(jù)上文中的“ButassoonasIwasinvitedtothestage,Iwasoverwhelmedbyafear”可知，此處指的是作者一上臺(tái)，被嚇壞了，所以此處應(yīng)是被一種我以前經(jīng)歷過太多次的恐懼所淹沒，“經(jīng)歷”符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但我一被邀請(qǐng)上臺(tái)，就被一種我以前經(jīng)歷過太多次的恐懼所淹沒——害怕因?yàn)榭诔远ㄗ　.stuck卡住的；B.broken破碎的；C.lost迷失的；D.bored無聊的。根據(jù)上文中的“ButassoonasIwasinvitedtothestage,IwasoverwhelmedbyafearIhad________toomanytimesbefore”可知，作者由于害怕因?yàn)榭诔远翱ㄗ　薄９蔬xA項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它始于我小時(shí)候。我感到羞愧，在學(xué)校里盡量少說話。A.planned計(jì)劃；B.moved移動(dòng)；C.studied研究；D.talked談?wù)?，說話。根據(jù)上文中的“Ifeltashamed”可知，因?yàn)樽约焊械胶π?，所以?yīng)是盡可能少“說話”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我在數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)上下了很大的功夫，在這些科目上，我可以用筆試和報(bào)告而不是口語來滿足我的老師。A.feeling感受；B.money金錢；C.power力量，權(quán)力；D.effort努力。根據(jù)下文中的“inthesesubjects,Icould________myteacherswithwrittenexamsandreportsratherthanspokenones.”可知，作者想在數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)這些不需要說話的學(xué)科上讓老師滿意，所以此處應(yīng)是“努力”學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)。故選D項(xiàng)。【27題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我在數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)上下了很大的功夫，在這些科目上，我可以用筆試和報(bào)告而不是口語來滿足我的老師。A.interest使感興趣；B.embarrass使尷尬；C.satisfy滿足；D.disappoint使失望。根據(jù)上文中的“Iputalotof________intomathandscience;”可知，作者在數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)上下功夫，應(yīng)是為了讓老師“滿意”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)我上中學(xué)的時(shí)候，我的口吃已經(jīng)讓我成為欺凌的目標(biāo)，這影響了我的學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)。A.target目標(biāo)；B.celebrity名人；C.hit轟動(dòng)；D.leader領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。結(jié)合語境以及下文中的“forbullying(欺凌)”可知，作者口吃，很容易成為欺凌的“目標(biāo)”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，我去了一所烹飪學(xué)校，在那里我希望我的烹飪能不言自明。A.However然而；B.Instead取而代之；C.Therefore因此；D.Moreover而且。根據(jù)語境以及下文中的“Iwenttoacookingschool,whereIhopedmycookingwouldspeakforitself.”可知，因?yàn)樽髡叱蔀槠哿璧膶?duì)象而成績(jī)下滑，“因此”作者去了烹飪學(xué)校，符合邏輯。故選C項(xiàng)。【30題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我看到自己作為廚師的未來，直到在營養(yǎng)課上，老師的講座讓我想起了我對(duì)科學(xué)的熱愛。A.professor教授；B.chef廚師；C.biologist生物學(xué)家；D.director導(dǎo)演。根據(jù)上文中的“Iwenttoacookingschool”可知，作者去了廚師學(xué)校，所以此處應(yīng)是“廚師”符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我看到自己作為廚師的未來，直到在營養(yǎng)課上，老師的講座讓我想起了我對(duì)科學(xué)的熱愛。A.warmed溫暖；B.cured治好；C.informed告知；D.reminded提醒。根據(jù)語境以及下文中的“meofmyloveofscience.”可知，老師的營養(yǎng)可，讓作者“想起了”對(duì)科學(xué)的熱愛，remindsb.ofsth意為“使某人想起某事”符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)。【32題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)我對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)更多生物學(xué)的渴望比我對(duì)口語考試中口吃的恐懼更強(qiáng)烈。A.lighter較輕；B.stronger更強(qiáng)；C.smaller較??；D.longer更長(zhǎng)。根據(jù)下文中的“Istartedtoworkinaresearchlabandtriedspeechtherapy(治療).”可知，作者開始進(jìn)入實(shí)驗(yàn)室進(jìn)行治療，所以此處表示自己對(duì)科學(xué)的渴望“更強(qiáng)烈”。故選B項(xiàng)。【33題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在治療師的幫助下，我逐漸意識(shí)到真正的問題不在于口吃本身是我害怕口吃。A.naturally自然地；B.immediately立刻，馬上；C.gradually逐漸地；D.frequently頻繁地。根據(jù)語境以及下文中的“realizedtherealproblemwasnotthestutteritself;itwasmyfearofstuttering.”可知，作者在治療師的幫助下，“逐漸地”意識(shí)到問題所在。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：我花了大約一年的時(shí)間在一次每周會(huì)議上說，我愛自己本身的樣子。A.speakout說出；B.cutin插話；C.takedown記下；D.putup搭建，張貼。根據(jù)上文中的“Withthehelpofmytherapist,I________realizedtherealproblemwasnotthestutteritself;itwasmyfearofstuttering.”可知，作者意識(shí)到自己口吃的問題所在，所以此處應(yīng)是花了大約一年的時(shí)間在會(huì)議上“說出”自己愛自己本身的樣子。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，我不再回避公開演講，而是積極尋求登上舞臺(tái)的機(jī)會(huì)。A.expecting期望；B.avoiding逃避；C.improving改善；D.doubting懷疑。根據(jù)下文中的“Iactivelyseekopportunitiestobeonthestage.”可知，作者開始積極主動(dòng)地尋找登臺(tái)的機(jī)會(huì)，所以不再“逃避”口吃的問題。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。WhenitcomestoanimalsinChina,oneiconiccreaturespringstomind:theblackandwhitegiantpanda.Thisnationalanimalis____36____(extreme)rareandprotectedbytheChinesegovernment.IntheChengduResearchBaseofGiantPandaBreeding,also____37____(call)ChengduPandaBase,you’llbeabletoseethesesoft,clumsy(笨拙的)creaturescarefullyprotected.ChengduPandaBase____38____(consider)animportantinstitutionforpandaresearchnowadays.Builtin1987tocareforrescuedwildpandas,theopen-airreserveisoneofChina’smostpopular____39____(destination).Itisremarkablysuccessfulatintroducingnewpandasintowildpopulationsandmainlyfocuses____40____theconservationofpandas.Trytovisitinthemorning____41____thepandasaremostactive.Feedingtakesplacearoundopeningtimeat8am,althoughyou’llseethemeatinginthelateafternoon,too.Pandasspendmostoftheirafternoons____42____(sleep),particularlyduringtheheightofmidsummer.Aswellasliving,breathingpandas,therearesome____43____(amaze)pandainformationcentersandmuseumsexplaininghowtoprotectpandasfrom____44____(extinct).Avisittothebaseisaperfectlearningopportunityforadultsandchildrenaliketogetcloserto_____45_____lovelycreature.〖答案〗36.extremely37.called38.isconsidered39.destinations40.on41.when42.sleeping43.amazing44.extinction45.the【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了精心保護(hù)國有動(dòng)物大熊貓的成都大熊貓繁育研究基地?！?6題詳析】考查副詞。句意：這種國家動(dòng)物極為稀有，受到中國政府的保護(hù)。設(shè)空處修飾形容詞rare，應(yīng)用副詞作狀語，故填extremely?！?7題詳析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：在成都大熊貓繁育研究基地，也被稱為成都熊貓基地，你可以看到這些柔軟，笨拙的生物被精心保護(hù)。設(shè)空處為非謂語動(dòng)詞，修飾名詞theChengduResearchBaseofGiantPandaBreeding作定語，和名詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞，故填called?！?8題詳析】考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：成都熊貓基地被認(rèn)為是當(dāng)今熊貓研究的重要機(jī)構(gòu)。設(shè)空處是謂語，主語和謂語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，描述一般事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語ChengduPandaBase，謂語第三人稱單數(shù)，故填isconsid