歐洲文化入門復(fù)習(xí)題

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ｏｎａpｐｅar？_______Ａ、１8８５B、１611C、１901Ｄ、197９DｉviｓioｎＴhree:ThｅMiｄdｌeAgeｓManｏrａndChurchⅠ填空題ＩｎＥｕropeａnhisｔｏry,ｔhｅtｈｏusandyeaｒperioｄfollowｉngｔｈeｆalloftheWｅｓtRomaｎＥmpireinｔｈefiｆthcenｔｕryiscallｅdtheMiｄdｌeAges、Betweenｔhefifthandeleveｎthceｎtuｒies,WestＥuropeｗaｓthesceｎeoffrｅquentwarsaｎｄinｖasioｎs、TｈｅMiddlｅAｇeｉｓapｅｒiodinwhichclassicａｌ,HeｂrewandＧothｉchｅriｔａgeｍｅｒged、FeudａlisminEｕropewａsmaiｎlyasyｓｔｅｍoflandhoｌｄinｇ–ａsystemｏfhｏlｄiｎglandinｅｘｃhａnｇeforｍilitaryｓerｖiｃe、In732CharlｅsMartｅｌ，ａＦranｋｉｓｈruｌeｒgａvehｉｓsoｌdierseｓtａt(yī)ｅsｋnownaｓfｉｅfsａsareｗａrｄfoｒtｈｅiｒservｉce、Ｔheceｎteｒofｍedｉevaｌlifeｕndeｒfeudalｉsmwaｓｔｈemanoｒ、Bｙthe12ｔhcｅｎtｕrｙmaｎorｈｏuseｓcametoｂeｃａllｅｄcaｓｔle,ｗhｉchｗeremaｄeofｓｔoｎeaｎddesigneｄａsfｏrtress、Aｓaknigｈt,ｈeｗaspledgeｄtｏproｔｅｃttheweak,tｏｆｉghtｆorｔｈeｃｈuｒcｈ,ｔｏｂelｏｙａlｔｏｈislordanｄｔorespectwomｅnｏfｎoｂｌebirth、Thｅseruleswereｋｎｏwnascodeｏfchivaｌrｙ,fｒomｗｈichｔhｅｗesternideａoｆgｏodmanneｒsｄeveｌoped、Iｎthemeｄiｅvaldａysaknigｈｔwａstraineｄforwａrｂｙfigｈtｉnｇeａchothｅriｎmockbaｔｔｅｒｓcalｌedｔournaｍents、After１054,theChurｃhwasｄivｉdedｉnｔｏtheRomanCatholiｃＣｈurchaｎｄｔhｅEasterｎOrthodoxCｈurch、TｈemostimportantｏｆａｌlｔheleaｄｅrsofChriｓtianｔhoughｔwasAｕｇustinｅｏｆＨippowｈoｌivｅdiｎNoｒthAfricaintｈeｆifｔｈｃentury、Underfeudalism,peopｌeｏfｗesternEuｒopｅweremainlydividedintｏthreecｌａｓses：clｅｒgy,lｏｒｄsandpeａsａnｔs、TｈeＰoｐeｎotonlyｒuledRomａnandpartsofItａlｙasakinｇ,hewａsalsotｈｅｈeaｄofallChrisｔianchｕｒcｈesinｗesternEｕroｐｅ、IntｈeMedｉevaｌｔｉmesｔheCｈurchsetｕpａchurchｃourt–tｈeInquisitｉontostaｍpouｔｓo-ｃalledheｒeｓy、OｎeoftｈemosｔiｍpｏrtantsacrameｎｔswasHolyｍunｉｏn,ｗhichwａstｏremindpeoｐlｅthatＣｈrｉsｔｈaｄdieｄtoredeemman、Toexpｒesstheirreｌｉgiousfeｅliｎｇs，ｍanypeoplｅiｎｔheMｉddlｅAgeｓｗｅntoｎjouｒneystoｓacｒedpｌacｅsｗhereeａrlｙＣｈrisｔｉaｎleadersｈadliｖed、ThemｏstimporｔantofａllｗasJeｒusａlｅm、WitｈareturnaｔtaｃｋagainstｔｈeMoslemｓ，ｔhｅWesｔerｎChristiａnslaunchedaseｒｉｅｓofｈolywarｓcaｌledtheCrusades、Ⅱ選擇題Ｉnthelaterｐartoｆthe4tｈｃeｎｔury,whicｈｏftｈefｏllｏwｉnｇtｒｉｂessweptintoEuroｐefromcentｒalＡsiａ,roｂbｉnｇanｄkillｉｎgalarｇenumberｓofthehalfｃivilizedGermanicｔｒibeｓ?__＿_____A、ｔheＭongoliansＢ、tｈeHｕｎｓC、thｅTurｋｉsｈD、thｅSyriaｎsＴheMiｄdleＡgesｉsａlsocａｌledthe_____＿___、A、“AｇｅofＣhriｓtiａｎｉty”B、“AgeoｆＬitｅraｔure”C、“AgeofHolｙＳpirit”D、“AgeoｆFａith”Accordingｔothecodeｏｆcｈｉvaｌry，ｗｈｉchofｔhefollowingisnotplｅｄgｅdtoｄoｆoraknighｔ?_＿__＿_＿A、TｏbeloｙａlｔohisloｒdB、TofighｔforｔhｅchｕrchC、ＴoobeyｗithoutqｕestioｎtheorｄersoｆtheａbbｏｔＤ、ＴorｅspectwoｍeｎｏｆｎoｂｌｅbiｒthIｎ7３２,whoｇaｖｅhiｓsoldｉｅrseｓtaｔesknowｎaｓfiefsasａrｅｗardfortheｉｒｓervice?___＿_____A、CｈarｌesMartel,aFrａｎｋisｈｒuｌｅｒＢ、CharlesI,aTｕｒkｉshrulerＣ、ConｓtａntineI，ａFrankishrｕlerD．Sｔ.Benｅdｉct,ａＩtaliaｎrulerWｈｅnwａｓtｈｅCｈuｒchdivｉdｅdintｏtｈeRomanＣathoｌiｃChurchａndEａsternOｒtｈodoxＣhurch？_________A、after１066B、aｆter1２96Ｃ、aｆter１054D、after476ＷhichoｆｔｈｅfollowingaboutｔheｋnｉghtoｒnobｌeinｔｈeMiddｌeAgeｓｉnWestｅｒｎＥｕｒopeisNOTtrue?＿_＿_＿_______AlmosｔallnobleｓwerｅknighｔｓinｔｈeMedievａｌｄａys、Anobleｂeｇanｈiｓｅｄucationasapagｅattheagｅofseven、Asａknigｈｔ，hewaｓpledgeｄtｏfightｆoｒｔhｅchurch、Ataboｕtfｏｕrteｅｎ，ｔhｅpaｇebｅcaｍeａkniｇht、WhenwａsaｎoblecｒoｗnｅdaｓakｎightiｎtheMiddlｅAgesinWｅｓterｎEuｒope？______＿Aｔtheaｇeof14、Ｗhenhewａstaughttosayhispraｙｅｒs,lｅarneｄgoｏｄmannersａnｄranerｒandsfortheladieｓ、Ataspeciａlcｅremoｎyknｏwｎaｓdubbinｇ、Wheｎhｅwasplｅｄgeｄtofｉgｈｔfｏrthecｈｕrch、WhiｃhofｔhefｏｌlowinｇｉsNOTtruｅaboutwhaｔthemoｎksｍustdobeｆｏｒｅenteriｎｇthemonasteryaccordingｔｏｔhｅＢenｅdictｉｎeRｕle？Thｅyhａdtoatteｎdseｒｖiｃe6ｔｉmｅｓduringtｈedａyanｄonｃeaｔmｉｄｎigｈt、Ｔｈeycouｌｄprｏmiｓetoｇiveupallｔheiｒpｏsｓｅssiｏnbeforeeｎterｉnｇtｈemonastｅrｙ、Thｅywereｅxpeｃtedtowｏｒk5ｈoursaｄａｙinｔhｅfｉelｄsｓurroｕnｄｉnｇtｈeｍonaｓtery、Thｅｙhaｄtoobeｙwithoｕtquestioｎtｈeorｄerｓoftheabbot、Undeｒfeudalｉｓm,whａｔｗerｅthｅtｈreecｌasseｓoｆpeoplｅoｆwesｔeｒnEuropｅ？______＿_A、ｃlergy,knｉｇhtsandｓerfsB、Pｏpe,bｉshoｐａnｄpeasantsC、clergy,lｏrdｓanｄpeasａntsD、ｋnｉghts,noblesandserfsＢyｗｈiｃhyeaｒｔheMｏslｅmshａdｔakenovｅｒtｈeｌａｓtChristianstronｇholdaｎdwoｎtheｃrusａdｅsandrulｅdａｌlｔheterｒiｔoryiｎPalestinethaｔｔｈｅcrusadershaｄfoughtｔoｃoｎtｒol?_＿＿_＿___A、1270Ｂ、12５4C、１096Ｄ、12９１Ⅲ名詞解釋theＭiddleAgeｓManorCｏdeoｆCｈiｖaｌryBenｅdicｔinｅRｕletheＣｒusadesⅣ簡答與問答ＷｈowasChａrｌeｓＭartｅl?Whａt(yī)wasthedｉffｅrenｃeｂetweeｎaｓerｆandaｆｒeeman？Intowｈａt(yī)threegroupｓｗerepeopleｄiｖideduｎderfｅudalism?Ｗhａt(yī)ｈａppｅnedｉnWestｅrnEuropｅａfｔeｒthedeｃlineoftheRｏmａnEmｐire?LeａrnｉｎganｄＳcience,Ｌiｔerature,ArtaｎdＡｒｃhitｅcｔureⅠ填空題Charlｅmagｎe,ｗhotemｐoraｒilyｒeｓｔoredordeｒiｎwｅsterｎaｎdcentｒalEｕｒｏｐe,wasｐeｒhapstheｍosｔiｍｐortantfigureｏftｈｅmedｉevalperｉod、Cｈarleｍａgneｗaｓｃｒowed“ＥｍｐeｒoroftheRomａns”ｂｙtｈePoｐein8００、TheSuｍmaTheoｌogicabｙSt、ThｏmasAｑｕiｎasｆｏrmｓａｎenｏrmoussysｔemandsumｓupalltheknowleｄgeofｍedievaｌtheolｏgy、RｏgerBaｃｏnｗasｏｎeｏftheearliestadvocatｅｓoｆSciｅnｔiｆicresearchandcallｅdfｏrｃａrefulobｓｅrvatioｎandｅxpeｒｉmｅｎtation、“Nａt(yī)iｏｎａleｐiｃ”reｆersｔothｅepｉcｗritteｎinvernacｕlａrlanｇuａｇｅs–thatｉｓ,thelaｎｇuａgｅｓｏfvariousnatｉｏnａlsｔａｔeｓthatcａｍeintｏbｅingiｎthｅＭｉddleAges、BｅｏｗｕlfisａｎA(yù)nglo－Sexonepiｃ,iｎaｌlｉteraｔiveｖｅrse,oｒiginatiｎgfromthｅcollectiveeffｏrtsofoｒalｌｉterａt(yī)urｅ、DａntｅAlｉghieriwasthegrｅateｓｔpoetoｆＩｔaly,hismasterpiｅce,TheDiｖiｎeedy,ｉsoneofthelandmaｒｋsofworldliｔｅratuｒe、CｈａuｃeｒｗaｓａgreatEnglishpoｅt,ＴheCａnｔerbｕryTaleｓwerｅhismｏstｐoｐulaｒworkfｏrｔheirpowerｏｆoｂserｖaｔion，ｐｉeｒcinｇirony，sensｅofhumorａndwarｍhｕmaniｔｙ、ChaucerwrｉｔｅｒsindiａlectusedｂyＬｏndoners,andbyt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