安徽省安慶市2020-2021學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期中試題（含解析）

安徽省安慶市20202021學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期中試題（含解析）考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題分，滿分分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Howisthemangoinghome?A.Onfoot.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.2.Whoistheboypossiblytalkingto?A.Adoctor.B.Ateacher.C.Hismother.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Inabookstore.C.Inareadingroom.4.Whatisthemanprobablygoingtodothisevening?A.Seeafilm.B.Readabook.C.Writeaposition.5.Whatmightthewomanbe?A.Acook.B.Amanager.C.Awaitress.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題分，滿分分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話成獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6，7題。6.Whichbusgoestothecity'slibrarydirectly?A.No.2.B.No.13.C.No.16.7.Whywillthewoman,tothelibrary?A.Tolistentoalecture.B.Toborrowsomebooks.C.Tohaveanappointment.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8，9題。8.Howmuchshouldthemanpayamonthinall?A.50dollars.B.500dollars.C.550dollars.9.Howdoesdiemanliketheapartment?A.Alittleexpensive.B.Toobig.C.Wellfurnished.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatarethespeakersdoingnow?A.Havingameal.B.Preparingaspeech.C.Talkingaboutfriendship.11.Whatistheboyadvisedtodo?A.Changearoom.B.Seeadoctor.C.Talkwithhisroommate.12.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Motherandson.C.Teacherandstudent.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhatmakesSusanafraid?A.Sailing.B.Flying.C.Roadtransport.14.WhatdoesJasonthinkofflying?A.Itisreallyverysafe.B.Itmakeshimfeelterrible.C.Itcausesdeathseveryyear.15.WhatmaySusanhaveexperienced?A.SailingontheAtlantic.B.Travelingfarinaroughsea.C.BoatingontheRiverThames.16.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Ajourney.B.Transportation.C.Trafficaccidents.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatdidMissRichardsdowhenthestudentscouldnotfollowher?A.Gaveanswers.B.Taughtslowly.C.Repeatedmanytimes.18.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofthisyear'sstudents?A.Slow.B.Active.C.Bright.19.WhathappenedafterMissRichardsaskedthequestion?A.Theclassbegantodiscussit.B.Manystudentsputuptheirhands.C.Theclassbecamesilentsuddenly.20.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Thestudentswereactiveinclass.B.MissRichardswasratherpatient.C.Dickwasatopstudentintheclass.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AKeepuptodateonthetopicsyoulovethemostwithadiscountmagazinesubscription.Whetheryouenjoydiscoveringthelatestcelebritygossip,orjustworkingonwordpuzzlesthatexerciseyourbrain,youcancountonDiscountMagstoofferyoutheabsolutelowestpriceonyourfavoritebestsellingprintordigitalmagazinesandjournals.DisneyPrincessmagazineistheperfectmagazineforanylittlegirl!Yourdaughterwilllovereadingstories,playinggames,andmakingcraftsthatareallrelatedtoherfavoriteprincesses.Shewillgethoursofentertainmentfromeachpublicationandyouwillenjoywatchingherhavesomuchfun!OrderheradiscountsubscriptiontoDisneyPrincessmagazinetoday!CoverPrice:$39.60ForOver35years,NationalGeographicKidshasgivenchildren6andupanawardwinningbinationofphotos,factsandfunwhileencouragingthemtolearnabouttheworldaroundthem.Featuringjokes,gamesandactivities,NationalGeographicKidsputsscience,technology,archeology,andtheanimalkingdomattheirreaders’fingertipsanditsfastpaced,addictiveformatensuresthey’llneverbebored.ButtherealbeautyofNationalKidsisitsphilosophyofmakinglearningfun.CoverPrice:$3540Ifyoulovebeingahostess,TasteofHomemagazineisforyou.Filledwithrecipes,entertainingideas,healthymealsandphotographsofeverydish,you’llfindplentyofinspirationinsideeachissue.PopularSciencemagazineisapublicationaboutwhatispopularintheworldofscience.Fromarticlesfeaturinginformationandreviewaboutvariousgadgets,thelatesttrendsinvehicles,scientificdiscoveries,thelatesttechnologies,andevenadoityourselfsectionthatyouwilllove,thismagazinehasalittleofeverything.Orderyourdiscountsubscriptiontothescientificworldtoday!1.Whichmagazinewillyousubscribeifyouwanttosendagifttoa5yearoldgirl?A.TasteofHome. B.PopularScience.C.DisneyPrincess. D.NationalGeographicKids.2.WhatisSPECIALaboutNationalGeographicKids?A.Itbinesfunwithlearning.B.Therearearticlesaboutscientificdiscoveries.C.Kidscanlearnscience,technology,andtheanimalkingdom.D.Itisapublicationaboutwhatispopularintheworldofscience.3.Wherecanyoufindthepassage?A.Anewspaper. B.Aguidebook.C.Amagazine. D.Awebsite.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】這是一篇廣告類的說(shuō)明文。DisCountMages向讀者推薦了幾個(gè)他們可能喜歡的期刊雜志，歡迎人們訂閱。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“DisneyPrincessmagazineistheperfectmagazineforanylittlegirl”可知，DisneyPrincess是適合小女孩的完美禮物。所以你想送給5歲小女孩禮物的話，適合訂閱DisneyPrincess。故C選項(xiàng)正確。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“ButtherealbeautyofNationalKidsisitsphilosophyofmakinglearningfun”可知，NationalGeographicKids真正的美在于它使得學(xué)習(xí)成為樂(lè)趣，即：將學(xué)習(xí)和樂(lè)趣結(jié)合在了一起。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)”中的click（點(diǎn)擊）可知，只有網(wǎng)站上有網(wǎng)址鏈接可以點(diǎn)擊。故D選項(xiàng)正確。BLosingawalletisoneofthosecarelessactsmostofushaveeacross,atsomepointortheotherinourlives.Whilemostofustendtomoveonaftermourningoverthelostnecessities,thereareafewluckyoneswhogetthemback,withthehelpofthepoliceorthegenerosityofthepersonwhofindsit.AndthenthereisHunterShamatt,whonotonlygotbackhiswalletbutwithsomeaddedhappinessthatwastaggedalong!Hunterwasonhiswaytoattendhissister’sweddingonaLasVegasboundflightwhenherealizedthathehasmisplacedhiswallet,sometimeduringthejourney.Hunter’sfamilyreachedouttotheFrontierflighttoenquireifsomeonehadhandeditovertothem.Unfortunately,therewasnosignofthemissingwallet.Butwait.Thestorywasfarfromover.JustaweekafterHunter’ssister’swedding,hereceivedapackageinhismail.Andguesswhat?Therewashiswallet!Surprisingly,thewalletwasnottheonlythingthatwasinsidethepackage.ItalsohadahandwrittennoteforHunterwhichturnedouttobeabonus!Thepieceofpaperread,“Hunter,FoundthisonaFrontierflightfromOmahatoDenver—row12,seatFwedgedbetweentheseatandwall.Thoughtyoumightwantitback.Allthebest.P.S.Iroundedyourcashuptoaneven$100,soyoucouldcelebrategettingyourwalletback.HAVEFUN!!!”Movedbythetouchinggesture,Hunter’smom,JeannieShamatt,decidedtowriteapostonFacebookgivingadetaileddescriptionoftheincident.Shealsourgedeveryonetosharethepostasshewouldliketomeetandgreetthepersonbehindtheactofkindness,personally.Now,thankstotheastonishingpowerofsocialmedia,thepostfinallyreachedthemanbehindthenote.ThemanwasidentifiedasToddBrownanditwasoneofhiscoworkerswhomadesureJeannieShamatt’spostreacheshiscolleague.JeannieturnedtoFacebookagaintothankBrownandhisfamilyforrestoringherfaithinhumanity.“Itrytoteachmychildrentodotherightthingsinlife,helppeoplewhenyoucanregardlessoftheoute.Thisstoryismoreaboutrestoringfaithinpeoplethananything.Wehearalotofbadnewsbutnotenoughgoodnews.IpersonallywanttothankToddBrownandhiswifeforrestoringfaiththatthereareamazingpeopleoutthere.”4.HowdidHunterShamattgethiswalletback?A.ToddBrownsentitback.B.Thepolicemaileditback.C.Hefoundthewalletbyhimself.D.TheFrontierflighthelpedhimgetitback.5.Whatthingswerefoundinthepackage?A.Awalletandatag. B.Awalletandanote.C.Anoteandatag. D.Amailandatag.6.HowdidHunter’smomfeelafterreceivingthepackage?ATouched. B.Uninterested.C.Satisfied. D.Confused.7.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoconvey?A.Friendship. B.Freedom.C.Kindness. D.Justice.【答案】4.A5.B6.A7.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章敘述了ToddBrown撿到Hunter的錢包，將其寄還給Hunter的故事。體現(xiàn)了ToddBrown善良，拾金不昧的品質(zhì)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“JustaweekafterHunter’ssister’swedding,hereceivedapackageinhismail.Andguesswhat?Therewashiswallet!…Italsohadahandwrittennote…“Hunter,FoundthisonaFrontierflightfromOmahatoDenver—row12,seatFwedgedbetweentheseatandwall.Thoughtyoumightwantitback.Allthebest.…Now,thankstotheastonishingpowerofsocialmedia,thepostfinallyreachedthemanbehindthenote.ThemanwasidentifiedasToddBrown”可知，ToddBrown撿到了Hunter的錢包，然后將它通過(guò)郵遞的方式寄還給了Hunter。故A選項(xiàng)正確。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Andguesswhat?Therewashiswallet!Surprisingly,thewalletwasnottheonlythingthatwasinsidethepackage.ItalsohadahandwrittennoteforHunter”可知，包裹里不僅有錢包而且有一張便條。故B選項(xiàng)正確?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“Movedbythetouchinggesture,Hunter’smom,JeannieShamatt,decidedtowriteapostonFacebook”可知，Hunter母親被ToddBrown拾金不昧的行為感動(dòng)了。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章敘述了ToddBrown撿到Hunter的錢包，將其寄還給Hunter的故事。這個(gè)故事體現(xiàn)了ToddBrown善良，拾金不昧的品質(zhì)。故C選項(xiàng)正確?！军c(diǎn)睛】細(xì)心審題，直接就題找答案。解答此類試題時(shí)，不必通篇細(xì)看原文，而應(yīng)采取“帶著問(wèn)題找答案”的方法，先從問(wèn)題中抓住關(guān)鍵性詞語(yǔ)（題眼），然后以此為線索，運(yùn)用略讀及查讀的技巧快速在文章中尋找與此問(wèn)題相關(guān)的：段落、語(yǔ)句，仔細(xì)品味，對(duì)照比較，確定答案。例如在第三小題中，考生可以直接根據(jù)題干中的“Hunter’smom”鎖定信息在倒數(shù)第三段中的“Movedbythetouchinggesture,Hunter’smom,JeannieShamatt…”。CAdvertisingisanaudioorvisualformofmarketingmunicationthatemploysanopenlysponsored,nonpersonalmessagetopromoteorsellaproduct,aserviceoranidea.Sponsorsofadvertisingareoftenbusinessmenwhowishtopromotetheirproductsorservices.Advertisingisdifferentfrompublicrelationssinceanadvertiserusuallypaysforandhascontroloverthemessage.Itisdifferentfrompersonalsellingsincethemessageisnonpersonal,i.e.notdirectedtoaparticularindividual.Advertisingismunicatedthroughvariousmassmedia,includingoldmediasuchasnewspapers,magazines,television,radio,outdooradvertisingordirectmail;ornewmediasuchassearchresults,blogs,websitesortextmessages.Theactualpresentationofthemessageinamediumisreferredtoasanadvertisementor“ad”．mercialadsoftenseektoincreaseconsumptionofproductsorservicesthrough“branding”,whichassociatesaproductnameorimagewithcertainqualitiesinthemindsofconsumers.Nonmercialadvertiserswhospendmoneyinadvertisingitemsotherthanaconsumerproductorserviceincludepoliticalparties,interestgroups,religiousorganizationsandgovernmentalagencies.Nonprofitorganizationsmayusefreemodesofpersuasion,suchasapublicserviceannouncement.Advertisingmayalsobeusedtoreassureemployeesorshareholdersthatthepanyissuccessful.Modernadvertisingwascreatedwiththetechniques,withtobaccoadvertisinginthe1920s.ThemostsignificantexamplewasthecampaignsofEdwardBernays,consideredthefounderofmodern“MadisonAvenue”advertising.In2015,theworldspentanestimateof$529.43billiononadvertising.Itsprojecteddistributionfor2017is40.4%onTV,33.3%ondigital,9%onnewspapers,6.9%onmagazines,5.8%onoutdooractivitiesand4.3%onradio.Internationally,thelargest“bigfour”advertisingconglomeratesareIPG,Omni,PublicisGroupe,andWPP.8.Inwhatwaydoesadvertisingdifferfrompublicrelations?A.Advertiserspayforandareinchargeofthemessage.B.Messagesadvertisedarenonprofit.C.Advertisingismunicatedthroughvariousmassmedia.D.Advertisingisusedtoreassureemployeesorshareholders.9.Sponsorsusuallymakeuseofsomenewmediatopromotetheirproducts,including_________.A.directmail B.Television C.websites D.newspapers10.Whichofthefollowingisthetypicalgoalofmercialads?A.Profits. B.Popularity. C.Consumers. D.Brands.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordprobablyreferto?A.businessmen B.panies C.stores D.organizers【答案】8.A9.C10.A11.B【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。廣告是一種利用公開(kāi)贊助、非個(gè)人信息來(lái)推銷或銷售產(chǎn)品、服務(wù)或理念的音頻或視覺(jué)營(yíng)銷傳播形式。文章主要介紹了廣告的傳播方式、不同類型的廣告以及全球的廣告花費(fèi)等情況?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Advertisingisdifferentfrompublicrelationssinceanadvertiserusuallypaysforandhascontroloverthemessage.(廣告不同于公共關(guān)系，因?yàn)閺V告商通常付費(fèi)并控制信息)”可知，廣告與公共關(guān)系不同之處在于廣告商付費(fèi)并控制信息。故選A。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Advertisingismunicatedthroughvariousmassmedia,includingoldmediasuchasnewspapers,magazines,television,radio,outdooradvertisingordirectmail;ornewmediasuchassearchresults,blogs,websitesortextmessages.(廣告透過(guò)各種大眾傳媒傳播，包括舊媒體，如報(bào)紙、雜志、電視、電臺(tái)、戶外廣告或直接郵寄廣告；或者新媒體，諸如搜索結(jié)果、博客、網(wǎng)站或短信等新媒體)”可知，贊助商通常利用一些包括網(wǎng)站在內(nèi)的新媒體來(lái)推廣他們的產(chǎn)品。故選C。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Advertisingisanaudioorvisualformofmarketingmunicationthatemploysanopenlysponsored,nonpersonalmessagetopromoteorsellaproduct,aserviceoranidea.(廣告是一種利用公開(kāi)贊助、非個(gè)人信息來(lái)推銷或銷售產(chǎn)品、服務(wù)或理念的音頻或視覺(jué)營(yíng)銷傳播形式)”以及第三段中“mercialadsoftenseektoincreaseconsumptionofproductsorservicesthrough‘branding’,whichassociatesaproductnameorimagewithcertainqualitiesinthemindsofconsumers.(商業(yè)廣告往往通過(guò)‘品牌化’來(lái)增加產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)的消費(fèi)，即在消費(fèi)者的心目中把產(chǎn)品名稱或形象與某種品質(zhì)聯(lián)系起來(lái))”可推知，商業(yè)廣告的目標(biāo)是利潤(rùn)。故選A?！?1題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“areIPG,Omni,PublicisGroupe,andWPP.”可知，在國(guó)際上，最大的“四大”廣告公司是IPG、宏盟集團(tuán)、陽(yáng)獅集團(tuán)和WPP。即畫線詞意思為“公司”。A.businessmen商人；B.panies公司；C.stores商店；D.organizers組織者。故選B。DTheSecrettoHappinessAnewreportmakesitclearthatwhenitestothelifesatisfactionofUKcitizens,theballisinthegovernment’scourt.Forsometime,sensiblepeoplehavebeenarguingthatgovernmentsneedtofocuslessoneconomicgrowthandmoreonthewellbeing（幸福）ofcitizens.Becarefulwhatyouwishfor.Inresponsetothisdemand,from2011DavidCameroninstructedtheOfficeforNationalStatisticstogatherdataonpeople’sselfreportedhappinessandlifesatisfaction.Littlepracticalgoodhasefromthissofar,butanewreportbyGeorgeBanghamfortheResolutionFoundationisoneofthebestattemptstomakeusefulsenseofthedata.Heconcludes:“Thebestprospectsforpolicymakerstargetingfutureincreasesinnationalwellbeinglieinraisingjobquality,raisingines,particularlyatthelowerend,andpoliciestoimprovesecurityinthehousingmarket.”Theagecorrelation（相關(guān)）turnsouttobecertainlylinkedtopolitics,despitethefactthatnopoliticalpartycanmakeadifferencetoyourdateofbirth.Thehappinessofpensionersisnotjustafunctionoftheirage,butofpolicy.Onaverage,70yearoldboomerstodayarethemostaffluentretireesinhistory,oftenowningtheirownhomesandinreceiptofgenerouspensions.Peopleof70arenotgoingtobeascontentin30or40years’timeiftheyareunabletoretire,don’towntheirhomesandhavesmallines.However,thereisonerespectinwhichteensandrecentretireesareremarkablysimilar.paredtootheragegroups,theytendtoinhabitasweetspotofhavinghighdegreesoffreedom.Thetypical16yearoldhasnewfreedomswithouteverhavinghadanyseriousresponsibilities.Thetypical70yearold,havingexperiencedalifetimeofworkandfamilyduties,hasaverydifferentkindoffreedom,onebornfromrelief.Besides，itshouldnotsurpriseustofindthatpeopletendtobehappierwhentheyhavefewerworries.Butthis,too,hasimportantpoliticalimplications.Ifthegovernmentisreallyinterestedinraisingoverallnationalhappiness,ithastomakesureasmanycitizensaspossiblefeelsecureintheirhealth,theirhousingandtheirines.Differentstates’recordsinachievingthisisoneimportantreasonwhyNordiccountriesrepeatedlyscorehighlyininternationallifesatisfactionsurveysandNorthAmericaunderperformsrelativetoitsGDP.Whicheverwayyoulookatit,thereisnoescapingtheconclusionthatincreasingwellbeingacrosssocietyrequiresjoinedup,longtermpolicyefforts.ThisisexactlywhattheResolutionFoundationremends.12.Whatcanbeconveyedfromthesentence“theballisinthegovernment’scourt”inParagraph1?A.Thegovernmentofficialsarefondofplayingballgames.B.Thegovernmentdeterminesnationalhappiness.C.Thegovernmentmakescitizensfeelhappy.D.Thegovernmentisinaballgame.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“affluent”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Responsible. B.Careful.C.Honest. D.Rich.14.Accordingtotheauthor,thesecrettohappinessisfreedomand_________.A.ine B.healthC.security D.destiny15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothefunctionofgovernmentonnationalhappiness?A.Negative. B.Positive.C.Doubtful. D.Unsatisfactory.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章通過(guò)論述，告訴讀者：提高全社會(huì)的福祉需要共同的、長(zhǎng)期的政策努力。政府在提高全民幸福感方面起著關(guān)鍵作用?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Forsometime,sensiblepeoplehavebeenarguingthatgovernmentsneedtofocuslessoneconomicgrowthandmoreonthewellbeing（幸福）ofcitizens.”可知，一段時(shí)間以來(lái)，明智的人們一直認(rèn)為，政府需要少關(guān)注經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，多關(guān)注公民的福祉。由此可知，公民是否幸福取決于政府對(duì)此的關(guān)注度。故“theballisinthegovernment’scourt”想表達(dá)的意思應(yīng)該是“公民的幸福取決于政府”，故B選項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后文的“oftenowningtheirownhomesandinreceiptofgenerouspensions”可知，第一批“嬰潮者”現(xiàn)在70來(lái)歲，他們擁有自己的房子并領(lǐng)取可觀的退休金。由此推知，這些人生活很富足，故劃線單詞意思為“富有的”，D選項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Ifthegovernmentisreallyinterestedinraisingoverallnationalhappiness,ithastomakesureasmanycitizensaspossiblefeelsecureintheirhealth,theirhousingandtheirines.”可知，如果政府真的對(duì)提高整體國(guó)民幸福感興趣，就必須確保盡可能多的公民在健康、住房和收入方面感到安全。由此可知，安全感是衡量人們是否幸福的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。故C選項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第一段中的“AnewreportmakesitclearthatwhenitestothelifesatisfactionofUKcitizens,theballisinthegovernment’scourt”可知，政府決定著公民們的幸福感。第二段到第四段對(duì)此進(jìn)行了具體闡述。最后一段中的“thereisnoescapingtheconclusionthatincreasingwellbeingacrosssocietyrequiresjoinedup,longtermpolicyefforts.”得出結(jié)論，提高全社會(huì)的福祉需要共同的、長(zhǎng)期的政策努力。綜上，整篇文章一直在強(qiáng)調(diào)政府在公民的幸福方面起著關(guān)鍵作用。故作者對(duì)此持積極態(tài)度。B選項(xiàng)正確。【點(diǎn)睛】根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜測(cè)詞義：語(yǔ)境既上下文。由于上下文中的生詞不是孤立存在的，其詞義與句中其它詞的詞義或具體的語(yǔ)境有著密切的聯(lián)系。因此在閱讀過(guò)程中，許多生詞的詞義可以充分利用上下文中相關(guān)的詞匯，短語(yǔ)并結(jié)合具體的語(yǔ)境來(lái)推測(cè)。例如在第二小題中，考生必須根據(jù)下文“oftenowningtheirownhomesandinreceiptofgenerouspensions”才可以推知畫線詞語(yǔ)的意思。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。PublicSpeakingPublicspeakingcanbedefinedastheactofmakingaspeechinfrontofagroupoflistenersThetypesofpublicspeakingaredeliberatelystructuredwiththreegeneralpurposes:toinform,topersuadeandtoentertain.Aninformativespeechhasapurposetoinform,orgiveknowledgetoitsaudience.___16___Forpersuasivespeech,thespeakerwouldtrytochangethemindset,perception,orbehavioroftheaudiencefortheirowngood.Thus,thespeakerneedstolookformongroundwiththeaudienceandtrytorelatetowhattheymightagreeon.Thelasttypeisaceremonialspeech.Ittendstobelessformalandmorepersonalthantheothertypesofspeeches.Nomatterhowwellyouknowthepersonyouaregivingspeechabout,trynottosaybadthingsaboutthem,evenifitismeanttobeajoke.___17___Sparingsometimetopracticewillhelpbuildconfidenceandhelpdeterminehowlongthepresentationwilllast.Asidefromit,knowingwhotheaudiencewillbeisquitenecessary.Trytogetasmuchinformationaspossibleregardingthisparticulararearelatedtotheaudience.Knowingthe“battlefield”inadvancewillgivethespeakersahugeadvantage.Languageisthemainaspectaspeakerneedstopayattentiontowhilegivingaspeech.___18___Aspeakerneedstochoosetheirwordscarefullyandmakeitcleartotheaudiencewhattheymean.Often,whengivenaspeech,theaudiencelookuptothespeakertogivethemsomethingnewanduseful.___19___Languageanddeliveryalonewillnotbesufficientifthespeakerdoesnothavethebodylanguage.Themovementandgestureofaspeakeralsoaffecttheaudience.Whileclosingthespeechorpresentation,speakerscanrestatetheirmainpoints,justtoremindtheaudienceoftheimportantthingsthathavebeensaid.___20___A.Itneedstobeusedclearly.B.Thesespeechesmarkspecialoccasions.C.Theimportantthingtowatchaboutisnottoputintoomuchinformation.D.Thekeyofperfectinganythingisthroughpractice,includingpublicspeaking.E.Theycanalsoenditwithaspecialmessageandencouragetheaudiencetoaskquestions.F.Knowinghowpublicspeakingisdoneisakeypartinunderstandingtheimportanceofit.G.Thus,thespeakerneedstoknowhowtodelivertheirspeechtofulfilltheaudience?sexpectation.【答案】16.C17.D18.A19.G20.E【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，短文介紹了公共演講類型的目的以及成就完美演講所注意的幾點(diǎn)技巧。【16題詳解】由第二段“Aninformativespeechhasapurposetoinform,orgiveknowledgetoitsaudience”可知，一篇內(nèi)容豐富的演講有一個(gè)目的，就是向聽(tīng)眾提供信息或傳授知識(shí)。所以小題1要告訴讀者要注意什么。故C選項(xiàng)“重要的是要注意不要輸入太多的信息”符合句意。故C選項(xiàng)切題。【17題詳解】由第三段“Sparingsometimetopracticewillhelpbuildconfidenceandhelpdeterminehowlongthepresentationwilllast.Asidefromit,knowingwhotheaudiencewillbeisquitenecessary.Trytogetasmuchinformationaspossibleregardingthisparticulararearelatedtotheaudience.Knowingthe“battlefield”inadvancewillgivethespeakersahugeadvantage”可知，抽出時(shí)間練習(xí)將有助于建立信心，并有助于確定演講的持續(xù)時(shí)間。除此之外，知道觀眾是誰(shuí)是非常必要的。應(yīng)該盡可能多地了解與觀眾有關(guān)的特定領(lǐng)域的信息。提前了解“戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)”將給演講者帶來(lái)巨大的優(yōu)勢(shì)。所以本段主要再告訴讀者“完善一切的關(guān)鍵在于實(shí)踐，包括公開(kāi)演講”也就是小題2所要說(shuō)明的內(nèi)容。故D選項(xiàng)“完善一切的關(guān)鍵在于實(shí)踐，包括公開(kāi)演講”符合句意。故D選項(xiàng)切題?！?8題詳解】由第四段“Aspeakerneedstochoosetheirwordscarefullyandmakeitcleartotheaudiencewhattheymean.”可知，一個(gè)演講者需要仔細(xì)選擇他們講的話，讓觀眾明白他們的意思。所以小題3要起到承接下文的作用說(shuō)明“它需要被清楚地使用”。故A選項(xiàng)“它需要被清楚地使用”符合句意。故A選項(xiàng)切題?！?9題詳解】由第四段“Often,whengivenaspeech,theaudiencelookuptothespeakertogivethemsomethingnewanduseful.”可知，通常，當(dāng)演講時(shí)，聽(tīng)眾會(huì)抬頭仰望演講者，希望他能給他們一些新的有用的東西。所以小題4要說(shuō)明當(dāng)聽(tīng)眾會(huì)抬頭仰望演講者，希望他能給他們一些新的有用的東西。這時(shí)演講者應(yīng)該知道怎么去做。故G選項(xiàng)“因此，演講者需要知道如何發(fā)表他們的演講來(lái)滿足聽(tīng)眾的期望”符合句意。故G選項(xiàng)切題?！?0題詳解】由第四段“Whileclosingthespeechorpresentation,speakerscanrestatetheirmainpoints,justtoremindtheaudienceoftheimportantthingsthathavebeensaid”可知，在結(jié)束演講或陳述時(shí)，演講者可以重述他們的要點(diǎn)，只是為了提醒聽(tīng)眾已經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)的重要事情。所以小題5要與前一句一同說(shuō)明，在結(jié)束演講時(shí)可以什么樣的形式結(jié)束。故E選項(xiàng)“他們也可以用特別的信息來(lái)結(jié)束演講，并鼓勵(lì)聽(tīng)眾提問(wèn)”符合句意。故E選項(xiàng)切題。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。GeraniumsofLoveAsthefifthofsevenchildren,Iwenttothesamepublicschoolasmythreeeldersistersandbrother.Everyyear,mymotherwenttothesameceremonyandhadparentchildinterviews（親子交流會(huì)）withthesameteachers.Theonlythingdifferentwasthechild.Andeverychild___21___anoldGeraniumsschooltradition—theannualplantsale（拍賣會(huì)）heldinearlyMay,justintimefor___22___Day.ThirdgradewasthefirsttimethatIwasallowedtotakepartintheplantsale.Iwantedtosurprisemymother.___23___,Ididn'thaveanymoney.Iwenttomyeldestsisterand___24___thesecret,andshegavemesomemoney.WhenIarrivedattheplantsale,Icarefullymademy___25___.Iagonized（苦苦思索）overthatdecision,___26___eachplanttoensurethatIhadindeedfoundthebestgeranium.ThemomentIhadsmuggledithome,withthehelpofmysister,I___27___itontheupstairsneighbor’sporch.IwasveryafraidmymotherwouldfinditbeforeMother'sDay,butmysisterassuredmethatshewouldn't,and___28___shedidnot.WhenMother'sDayarrived,IwasburstingwithpridewhenIgaveherthatgeranium.Irememberhowbrighthereyeswere,andhowdelightedshewaswithmy___29___.TheyearIwasfifteen,myyoungersisterreachedthirdgrade.InearlyMay,shecametomefullofwonderandsecrecyandtoldmethattherewasgoingtobeaplantsaleatschoolandshewantedto_____30_____ourmother.Likemy_____31_____sisterdidforme,Igavehersomemoneyandoffshewent.Shearrivedathomefullof_____32_____excitement,thegeraniumhiddeninapaperbag_____33_____hersweater.“Ilookedateveryplant,”sheexplained,“andIknowIgotthe_____34_____one!”Ihelpedmylittle_____35_____hidethatgeraniumontheupstairsneighbor'sporch,assuringthatourmotherwouldn'tfinditbeforeMother'sDay.Iwastherewhenshegavemymotherthegeranium,andIwatchedthembothburstingwithprideand_____36_____.ItwaslikebeinginadreamIhadalreadydreamed.Mymothernoticedme_____37_____,andshegavemeasoftsecretsmile.Shockedandpuzzled,I_____38_____back.Ihadbeenwonderinghowmymothercould_____39_____tobesurprisedatthisgiftfromhersixthchild.ButasIwatchedhereyeslightupwithdelightasshewas_____40_____withthatmostpreciousgift,Iknewshewasnotpretending.21.A.passeddown B.participatedin C.brokewith D.carriedon22.A.Women’s B.Father’s C.Children’s D.Mother's23.A.Besides B.Moreover C.However D.Therefore24A.shared B.discovered C.guarded D.unlocked25.A.plan B.preparation C.present D.selection26.A.watering B.growing C.inspecting D.protecting27.A.showed B.potted C.packaged D.hid28.A.indeed B.instead C.properly D.anyhow29.A.performance B.grades C.gift D.presence30.A.inspire B.surprise C.satisfy D.relax31.A.youngest B.eldest C.cleverest D.bravest32.A.nervous B.youthful C.increasing D.false33.A.on B.beside C.behind D.under34.A.shortest B.rarest C.best D.strongest35.A.sister B.brother C.cousin D.friend36.A.confusion B.anxiety C.delight D.astonishment37.A.listening B.watching C.smelling D.tasting38.A.waved B.smiled C.signed D.called39.A.pretend B.continue C.appear D.try40.A.impressed B.satisfied C.associated D.presented【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.D26.C27.D28.A29.C30.B31.B32.A33.D34.C35.A36.C37.B38.B39.A40.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。作者回憶了自己和妹妹在母親節(jié)給母親送生日“驚喜”的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。passdown把……傳下去；participatein參加；breakwith和……斷絕關(guān)系；carryon繼續(xù)，堅(jiān)持。學(xué)校每年舉行一次植物拍賣會(huì)，那么，學(xué)校的每個(gè)孩子都要參加。下文中的“Iwasallowedtotakepartintheplantsale”亦是呼應(yīng)。故B選項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。woman女人；father父親；child孩子，兒童；mother母親。根據(jù)下文中的“beforeMother'sDay”可知，D選項(xiàng)正確。由常識(shí)也可知，母親節(jié)在五月?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。besides此外；moreover而且，此外；however但是；therefore因此。前文提到：我想給母親一個(gè)驚喜。該句提到：我沒(méi)有錢。上下文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故C選項(xiàng)正確?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。share分享；discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；guard守衛(wèi)；unlock打開(kāi)，揭開(kāi)。根據(jù)后文“shegavemesomemoney”可知，姐姐給了作者錢。由此可以推知，作者應(yīng)該是把自己要給母親驚喜這件事告訴了姐姐，即和姐姐“分享”了這個(gè)秘密。故A選項(xiàng)正確?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。plan計(jì)劃；preparation準(zhǔn)備；present禮物；selection挑選。根據(jù)下文中的“agonized（苦苦思索）overthatdecision”可知，作者要決定給母親買什么，即“進(jìn)行挑選”。故D選項(xiàng)正確?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。water澆水；grow種植，生長(zhǎng)；inspect檢查，審視，視察；protect保護(hù)。作者為了確保找到最好的天竺葵，當(dāng)然要仔細(xì)觀看每一株植物。故C選項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。show展示；pot；package；hide藏。上文提到作者想要給母親驚喜，所以她當(dāng)然要把天竺葵“藏”起來(lái)。故D選項(xiàng)正確。【28題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。indeed的確；instead代替；properly恰當(dāng)?shù)兀籥nyhow不管怎樣。我姐姐向我保證母親不會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這株天竺葵，的確，母親沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)。A選項(xiàng)正確。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。performance表演；grade年級(jí)；gift禮物；presence出席，到場(chǎng)。母親節(jié)那天，作者將天竺葵送給母親，母親對(duì)于孩子送的“禮物”很開(kāi)心。C選項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。inspire鼓舞；surprise使驚訝；satisfy使?jié)M意；relax放松。作者的妹妹向作者借錢，也想要給母親一個(gè)驚喜。故B選項(xiàng)正確?！?1題詳解】考查