2024年全國(guó)成考（專升本）之英語(yǔ)（專升本）考試黑金試題詳細(xì)參考解析

姓名:_________________編號(hào):_________________地區(qū):_________________省市:_________________ 密封線 姓名:_________________編號(hào):_________________地區(qū):_________________省市:_________________ 密封線 密封線 全國(guó)成考（專升本）考試重點(diǎn)試題精編注意事項(xiàng):1.全卷采用機(jī)器閱卷，請(qǐng)考生注意書寫規(guī)范；考試時(shí)間為120分鐘。2.在作答前，考生請(qǐng)將自己的學(xué)校、姓名、班級(jí)、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)涂寫在試卷和答題卡規(guī)定位置。

3.部分必須使用2B鉛筆填涂;非選擇題部分必須使用黑色簽字筆書寫，字體工整，筆跡清楚。

4.請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)在答題卡上與題目對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)規(guī)范作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無(wú)效:在草稿紙、試卷上答題無(wú)效。一、選擇題

1、Peopleenjoytalkingabout“first”.Theyliketoremembertheirfirstloveortheirfirstcar.Butnotallfirstsarehappyones.Fewpeopleenjoyrecallingthefirststhatarebad．Oneofhistory'sbadbutimportantfirstswasthefirstcaraccident.Autoswerestillyoungwhenithappened.ThecrashtookplaceinNewYorkCity.Theyearwas1896.ThemonthwasMay.Amanwasvisitingthecityinhisnewcar.Atthetime,bicycleriderswerestilltryingtogetusedtothenewsetofwheelsontheroad.Nooneissurewhowasatfault.Inanycase,thebikeandthecarThemanonthebikeinjured.Thedriverofthecarhadtostayinjailandwaitforthehospitalreportonthebicyclerider.Luckily,theriderwasnotkilled．Threeyearslater,anotherautomobilefirsttookplace.ThescenewasagainNewYorkCity.ArealestatebrokernamedHenryBlisssteppedoffastreetcar.Hewashitbyapassingcar.Onceagain,nooneissurejusthowithappenedorwhosefaultitwas.Thedriverofthecarwasputinjail.PoorMr.Blissbecamethefirstpersontodieinacaraccident.Thispassageisabout____.（）A.thefirstbicycleaccidentB.firstthingsintheworldC.twoofthefirstautoaccidentsD.thefirstvehicleswithwheels

2、ResearchershavefoundthatREM(rapideyemovement)sleepisimportanttohumanbeings.Thistypeofsleepgenerallyoccursfourorfivetimesduringonenightofsleeplastingfiveminutestofortyminutesforeachoccurrence.Thedeeperaperson'ssleepbecomes,thelongertheperiodsofrapideyemovement.TherearephysicalchargesinthebodytoshowthatapersonhaschangedfromNREM(non-rapideyemovement)toREMsleep.Breathingbecomesfaster,theheartrateincreases,and,asthenameimplies,theeyesbegintomovequickly.AccompanyingthesephysicalchangesinthebodyisaveryimportantcharacteristicofREMsleep.ItisduringREMsleepthatapersondreams.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthearticle?（）A.REMSleepB.TwoTypesofSleepC.HowtoSleepD.WhatIsDream

3、Duringthesummersessiontherewillbearevisedscheduleofservicesfortheuniversitycommunity.Specificchangesforintercampusbusservices,thecafeteria,andsummerhoursfortheinfirmary(醫(yī)務(wù)室)andrecreationalandathleticfacilitieswillbepostedonthebulletinboardoutsideofthecafeteria.WeeklymovieandconcertscheduleswhichareintheprocessofbeingarrangedwillbepostedeachWednesdayoutsideofthecafeteria.Intercampusbuseswillleavethemainhalleveryhouronthehalfhourandmakealloftheregularstopsontheirroutearoundthecampus.Thecafeteriawillservebreakfast,lunch,andearlydinnerfrom7a.m.to7p.m.duringtheweekandfromnoonto7p.m.onweekends.Thelibrarywillmaintainregularhoursduringtheweek,butshorterhoursonSaturdaysandSundays.Theweekendhoursarefromnoonto7p.m..Allstudentswhowanttousethelibraryborrowingservicesandtherecreational,athletic,andentertainmentfacilitiesmusthavevalidsummeridentificationcards.Thisannouncementwillalsoappearinthenextissueofthestudentnewspaper.Accordingtotheannouncement,whichofthefollowingistrueofspecialsummerhoursforthelibrary?（）A.IthasthemonlyontheweekendsB.IthasthembothweekdaysandweekendsC.IthasnospecialsummerhoursD.Thisinformationisnotavailable

4、Teachersaresomeofthemostimportantprofessionalsintheworld.Theyareresponsible（21）preparingfuturegenerationstobecomeproductiveandhonestcitizens，whowill（22）tosocietyforthewholeoftheiradultlife.Obviously，themostcommonreason（23）teachersdecidetoteachistheabilitytomakeadifference.Therearemanyprofessionsthatgivepeopletheabilitytohavea（n）（24）impactontheworldandchangepeople'slives，（25）fewprofessionshaveadirectimpacton（26）abettersocietyasteachersdo.Peopletendto（27）theirteachersforyearsaftertheyfinishschool，forgoodteacherscan（28）theirstudentstobecomesomethingthatthey（29）thoughttheycouldbe，ortowork（30）afieldthattheythoughttheydidnot（31）.Teachersarealsoimportantbecausetheyprovide（32）fortheirstudents.Incertainiow-incomeareas（33）somestudentsmaynothavebothoftheirparents（34），teacherscanprovideanimportantinfluencethathelpstheirstudentsmaketheright（35），evenwhentheyarenotintheclassroom.Generally，teachers'impactonstudentscanlastallthroughtheirlife.第（30）題選查看材料A.inB.onC.asD.at

5、Everymorning,kidsfromalocalhighschoolareworkinghard.Theyaremakingandsellingspecialcoffeeatacoffeecafe.Theyarealsomakingalotofmoney.Thesestudentscanmakeuptotwelvehundreddollarsaday.Theyaresellingtheirspecialcoffeetoairplanepassengers.Afterthestudentsgetpaid,therestofthemoneygoestohelpingalocalyouthproject.ThesehighschoolstudentsuseaspaceintheOaklandairport.Itisusuallyverycrowded.Manypeoplewhoflyontheplanesliketodrinkthespecialcoffee.Onecustomerthinksthatthecoffeecostsalotbutitisgoodandworthit.Mostcustomersarepleasantbutsomeareunhappy.Theydonotlikeitifthecafeisnotopenforbusiness.Thestudentsearn$6.10anhourplustips.Theyalsogetschoolcreditwhieltheylearnhowtorunabusiness.Manyofthestudentsenjoytheworkalthoughittooksometimetolearnhowtodoit.Theyhavetolearnhowtosteammilk,loadthepots,andaddflavor.Ittakessomeskillandsometimesmistakesaremade.Themostcommonmistakeisforgettingtoaddthecoffee.Basedonthepassageitseemsthatthepurposeofthecafeisto____.（）A.learnaskillB.helpayouthprojectC.dobusinessD.earnschoolcredit

6、Openthewindow,____?（）A.doyouB.don'tyouC.willyouD.won'tyou

7、Youreallyhavetogetveryoldbeforeyourealizeyou'reold.I'minmymiddlefiftiesandIdon'tfeel21yet.However,sometimesIlookbackatmychildhoodand_22thingstothewaylifeisfor23kids,somethingshavecertainlychanged.Oneareaofchangeis24.Somechangeshavebeenimprovements.Somechanges,ontheotherhand,havebeen25.WhenIstartedschool,mostpeopledidn'thaveatelevision;TVwasjustbeginningtoget26.Myfatherdecidedtogoalloutandbuya16-inchblackandwhiteMotorola27.IstillrememberwatchingtheLoneRangersavepeople,fromthe28guysonthatawesomeelectronicmachine.Thatwasexciting!Now,29havelargerpicturesinfullcolor.Thepicturesareclearerandthesoundismuchmore30.Thenewhighdefinitionsetsaremadetorival31screens.Thevarietyandquantityofprogramhas32greatly.Therearehundredsofchannelsandmoreshowsthanonepersoncouldeverwatch.Therearemanyfineentertainmentandeducational33.There'salsoalotofgarbage,stuffthatmost34don'twanttheirkidsexposedto.Overall,wehavemorechoices,andthatisgood.Iwonderwhat35willbelikewhentoday'skidsaremyage．A.computersB.theatersC.realityD.televisions

8、InBritain,peoplehavedifferentattitudestothepolice.Mostpeoplegenerally21themandthejobtheydo-althoughtherearecertainpeoplewhodonotbelievethatthepolice22havethepowerthattheydo.Whatdoesapolicemanactuallydo?Itisnot23jobtodescribe.Afterall,apolicemanhasanumberofjobsinone.Apolicemanoftenhastocontroltraffic,either24footinthecenterofatown,orinapolicecarontheroads,indeed,inBritain,hemightbeintheTrafficPoliceandspendall,oralotof,hittime25upanddownmainroadsandmotorways.Atrafficpolicemanhastohelpkeepthetrafficmoving,stop26motoristsandhelpwhenthereisanaccident.Apolicemanhastohelpkeepthe27,too.Ifthereisafightorsomeotherdisturbance,we28thepolicetocomeandrestoreorder.Andtheyoftenhavetodealwithsituationatgreatrisktotheirown29.Weexpectthepolicetosolvecrimes,ofcourse,soanordinarypoliceman,evenifheisnotadetective,willoftenhavetohelp30andarrestcriminals.And31dowecallwhenthereisanemergency--anaircrash,afire,aroadaccident,orarobbery?Wecallthepolice．32apolicemanhastobepreparedtofaceanyunpleasantemergencythatmayhappeninthe33world．Thepolicedoanabsolutelynecessaryjob,theydoit34wellandIsupportthem,butIdonotenvypoliceman.IdonotthinkthatIcould35dothejobofapoliceman.A.shouldB.wouldC.couldD.must

9、Dannywasjusttiredaboutthewaythingsweregoing.HismomcametotheschoolandwentonandontalkingaboutRickJackson.Itseemedthatshewouldneverstoptalking.“Somebody'sgottostopthatboy!”shewasshouting,“Rick'stroublingeverybodyintheneighborhood.AndhelovestopickonlittleboyslikeDanny.”Mrs.Green,Danny'steacher,wasconcernedalot.“Ididn'tknowthatDannywasbeingpickedon,”sheanswered．“He'sneversaidanythingaboutthistome!”Mrs.GreenlookedatDanny.“Howlonghasthisbeengoingon?”Sheasked.Dannycouldonlyshakehisheadandlookatthefloor.Heknewifhesaidawordaboutthis,hewouldhavetroubleafterschool.Dannyhadn'tsaidanythingabouttheproblembecausehewantedtoplaywiththeboysintheneighborhood.Afterall,mostofthemwerenicetohimHehatedtoleavethejustbecauseofRick.Maybethetimehadcometofindnewfriends.Hefeltithardtomakeuphismind.Theunderlinedword“gang”inthereadingpassagemeans____.（）A.aplacewhereDannylivesB.agroupofyoungpeopleC.aschoolbusforchildrentoandfromschoolD.theschool

10、ThenumberofspeakersofEnglishinShakespeare'stimeisestimatedtohavebeenaboutfivemillion.Todayitisestimatedthatsome260millionpeoplespeakitasa(an)21language,mainlyintheUnitedStates,Canada,GreatBritain,Ireland,SouthAfrica,AustraliaandNewZealand.InadditiontothestandardvarietiesofEnglishfoundintheseareas,22areagreatmanyregionalandsocialvarietiesofthelanguageaswellas23levelsofusagethatareemployedbothinitsspokenandwrittenforms.Infact,itis24toestimatethenumberofpeopleintheworldwhohaveacquiredanadequateworkingknowledgeofEnglishinadditiontotheirownlanguages.The25forEnglishlearningandthesituationsinwhichsuchlearningtakesplacearesovariedthatitis26toexplainandstillmoredifficulttojudge27formsanadequateworkingknowledgeforeachsituation.Themainreasonforthewidespread28forEnglishisitspresentdayimportanceasaworldlanguage.Besides29theindefiniteneedsofitsnativespeakers,Englishisalanguageinwhichsomeofimportantworksinscience,technology,andother30arebeingproduced,andnotalwaysbynativespeakers.Itiswidelyusedfor31purposesasmeteorological(氣象的)andairportcommunications,internationalconferences,andthe32ofinformationovertheradioandtelevisionnetworksofmany33.Itisalanguageofwidercommunicationforanumberofdevelopingcountries,speciallyformerBritishcolonies.Manyofthesecountrieshavemulti-lingual34andneedalanguageforinternalcommunicationinsuchmattersasgovernment,commerce,industry,lawand35aswellasforinternationalcommunicationandforentrancetothescientificandtechnologicaldevelopmentsintheWest.A.purposeB.causeC.effectD.method

11、Teachersaresomeofthemostimportantprofessionalsintheworld.Theyareresponsible（21）preparingfuturegenerationstobecomeproductiveandhonestcitizens，whowill（22）tosocietyforthewholeoftheiradultlife.Obviously，themostcommonreason（23）teachersdecidetoteachistheabilitytomakeadifference.Therearemanyprofessionsthatgivepeopletheabilitytohavea（n）（24）impactontheworldandchangepeople'slives，（25）fewprofessionshaveadirectimpacton（26）abettersocietyasteachersdo.Peopletendto（27）theirteachersforyearsaftertheyfinishschool，forgoodteacherscan（28）theirstudentstobecomesomethingthatthey（29）thoughttheycouldbe，ortowork（30）afieldthattheythoughttheydidnot（31）.Teachersarealsoimportantbecausetheyprovide（32）fortheirstudents.Incertainiow-incomeareas（33）somestudentsmaynothavebothoftheirparents（34），teacherscanprovideanimportantinfluencethathelpstheirstudentsmaketheright（35），evenwhentheyarenotintheclassroom.Generally，teachers'impactonstudentscanlastallthroughtheirlife.第（21）題選查看材料A.ofB.inC.forD.to

12、ThenumberofspeakersofEnglishinShakespeare′stimeisestimatedtohavebeenaboutfivemillion.Todayitisestimatedthatsome260millionpeoplespeakitasa(an)21?language,mainlyintheUnitedStates,Canada,GreatBritain,Ireland,SouthAfrica,AustraliaandNewZealand.InadditiontothestandardvarietiesofEnglishfoundintheseareas,22?areagreatmanyregionalandsocialvarietiesofthelanguageaswellas?23?levelsofusagethatareemployedbothinitsspokenandwrittenforms.Infact,itis?24?toestimatethenumberofpeopleintheworldwhohaveacquiredanadequateworkingknowledgeofEnglishinadditiontotheirownlanguages.The?25?forEnglishlearningandthesituationsinwhichsuchlearningtakesplacearesovariedthatitis26toexplainandstillmoredifficulttojudge?27?formsanadequateworkingknowledgeforeachsituation.Themainreasonforthewidespread?28?forEnglishisitspresentdayimportanceasaworldlanguage.Besides29theindefiniteneedsofitsnativespeakers,Englishisalanguageinwhichsomeofimportantworksinscience,technology,andother?30arebeingproduced,andnotalwaysbynativespeakers.Itiswidelyusedfor31purposesasmeteorological(氣象的)andairportcommunications,internationalconferences,andthe?32?ofinformationovertheradioandtelevisionnetworksofmany?33.Itisalanguageofwidercommunicationforanumberofdevelopingcountries,speciallyformerBritishcolonies.Manyofthesecountrieshavemultilingual?34.andneedalanguageforinternalcommunicationinsuchmattersasgovernment,commerce,industry,,lawand35aswellasforinternationalcommunicationandforentrancetothescientificandtechno-logicaldevelopmentsintheWest.

13、Veganstrytolive，asmuchaspossible，inawaythatavoidsexploitingandbeingcrueltoanimals.Thismeansfollowingaplant-baseddiet.Vegansdonoteatanimalsoranimal-basedproductslikemeat，fish，seafood，eggs，honeyanddairyproductssuchascheese.Formanyvegans，livingacommittedveganlifestylemeansnotwearingclothesmadefromanimalskinsandavoidinganyproductswhichhavebeentestedonanimals.Vegansarguethatsufferingiscausedintheproductionofthesefoods.Forexample，theysaythat，onsomedairyfarms，malecalves（小牛）arekilledbecausetheyaretooexpensivetokeep，andcowsarekilledwhentheygetolderandproducelessmilk.Asforhoney，veganssaythatbeesmakehoneyforbee，notforhumans，andthatbees’healthcansufferwhenhumanstakethehoneyfromthem.Vegansbelievethattheproductstheyuseandconsumeshouldbefreefromnotjustcrueltybutanyexploitationofanimals.Themainreasonforgoingveganisprobablythattheybelieveanimalsandallothersentient（有感知能力的）beingsshouldhavetherighttolifeandfreedom.However，thereareotherreasons.Vegansarguethattheproductionofmeatandotheranimalproductsisverybadfortheenvironment.Theypointoutthatahugequantityofwaterisneededtogrowgraintofeedanimalsinthemeatindustry.Theenormousamountofgrainwhichthemeatindustryneedsoftenleadstoforestsbeingcutdownandhabitats（棲息地）beinglost.Incontrast，muchlowerquantitiesofgrainandwaterareneededtosustainavegandiet.Inaddition，manyveganssaythatallthenutritiouselementsourbodiesneedarecontainedinacarefullyplannedvegandietandthatthistypeofdiethelpspreventsomediseases.Whichofthefollowingcouldbefoundinavegan'sdiet?A.EggsB.HoneyC.MilkD.Potatoes

14、Climate,morethananyothersinglefactor,determinesthedistributionoflifeonearth.Climaticboundariesestablishthelimitswhichorganismscansurvive.Plants,evenmorethananimals,mustbewelladaptedtoclimateinordertosurvive.Theycannotmoveaboutortakeshelterbutmustbeequippedtoendurewhateverweatherconditionsarelikelytooccur.Intheharshconditionsofthetundra,forexample,lowgrowingmosses,lichens,andafewfloweringplantsallhugthegroundforshelterfromicywinds.Animal,despitetheirabilitytomoveaboutandfindshelter,arejustasmuchinfluencedbyclimateasplantsare.Creaturessuchasthecamelandthepenguinaresohighlyspecializedthattheyhaveanextremelylimiteddistribution.Others,suchasbearsareflexibleenoughtoadapttoabroadrangeofclimates.Oceandwellingorganismsarejustassensitivetoclimaticchanges--inthiscasetemperatureandsalinity--aslandanimals.Reefcoralscansurviveonlyinclearwarmseawater.Certainforaminifersaresosensitivetochangesintheirenvironmentthattheirpresencecanbetakenasanindexofseatemperature.Humanbeingsareamongtheleastspecializedofallanimalsandcanlivealmostanywhere.Theirclothesandtheirhomesactasasortof〝miniatureclimate"thatcanbetakenwiththemeverywhere.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcanbefoundinareaswithquitedifferentclimaticconditionsonEarth?（）A.ReefcoralsB.PenguinsC.BensD.Camels

15、根據(jù)以下材料，回答48-51題AlanLakein,atimemanagementexpert,thinksthatnothingisatotalwasteoftime,includingdoingnothingattimes.Ifyouarrangethingssothatyoufindtimetorelaxand"donothing",youwillgetmoredoneandhavemorefundoingit.Oneofhisclients,aspaceengineer,didn'tknowhowto"donothing".Everyminuteofhisleisuretimewasscheduledwithintenseactivities.Hehadanoutdoor-activitiesscheduleinwhichheswitchedfromskiingtotennis.Hisgirlfriendkeptupwithhimintheseactivities,althoughshewouldhavepreferredjusttositbythefireandrelaxonceinawhile.Liketoomanypeople,hefelttheneedtobedoingsomethingallthetime,fordoingnothingseemedawasteoftime.His"relaxingbythefire"consistedofplayingchess,readingmagazines,orcheckingemails.Foranexperiment,Alanaskedhimto"waste"histimeforfiveminutesduringoneoftheirsessionstogether.Whattheengineerendedupdoingwasrelaxing,sittingquietlyanddaydreaming.Whenhewasfinallyabletoadmitthatemotionalreasonscausedhimtorejectrelaxingasawasteoftime,hebegantolookmorecriticallyatthatwayofthinking.Onceheknewthatrelaxingwasagooduseoftime,hebecamelessseriousaboutbeingbusyandstartedenjoyingeachactivitymore.Previouslyhehadbeensobusydoingthathehadnotimetohavefunatanything.Hebegantodolessandhavemorefun.WhenAlansawtheclientaboutthreeyearslater,hestillhadasbusyascheduleasever,buthewasabletobalancehisactivitywithrelaxingsothathecamebacktoworkMondaymorningnotfeelingtiredoutfromabusyweekendbutrefreshed.Whatdid"doingnothing"meantothespaceengineeratfirstA.OutdooractivitiesB.AwasteoftimeC.FewdailyschedulesD.Morefamilyhours

16、Itwassuggestedthatthishardworkinggirl_________anexampleforotherstudents.A.besetB.willbesetC.couldbesetD.hadbeenset

17、Doyoufindgettingupinthemorningsodifficultthatitispainful?Thismightbecalledlaziness,butDr.Kleitmanhasanewexplanation.Hehasprovedthateveryonehasadailyenergycycle.Duringthehourswhenyoulabourthroughyourworkyoumaysaythatyouare“hot”.That'strue.Thetimeofdaywhenyoufeelmostenergeticiswhenyourcycleofbodytemperatureisatitspeak.Forsomepeoplethepeakcomesduringtheforenoon.Forothersitcomesintheafternoonorevening.Noonehasdiscoveredwhythisisso,butitleadstosuchfamiliarmonologues（自言自語(yǔ)）as:“Getup,John!You'llbelateforworkagain!”ThepossibleexplanationtothetroubleisthatJohnisathistemperature-and-energypeakintheevening.Muchfamilyquarrellingendswhenhusbandsandwivesrealizewhattheseenergycyclesmean,andwhichcycleeachmemberofthefamilyhas.Youcan'tchangeyourenergycycle,butyoucanlearntomakeyourlifefititbetter.Habitcanhelp,Dr.Kleitmanbelieves.Maybeyou'resleepyintheeveningbutfeelyoumuststayuplateanyway.Counteract（對(duì)抗）yourcycletosomeextentbyhabituallystayinguplaterthanyouwantto.Ifyourenergyislowinthemorningbutyouhaveanimportantjobtodoearlyintheday,risebeforeyourusualhour.Thiswon'tchangeyourcycle,butyou'llgetupsteam（鼓起干勁）andworkbetteratyourlowpoint.Getofftoaslowstartwhichsavesyourenergy.Getupwithaleisurelyyawnandstretch.Sitontheedgeofthebedaminutebeforeputtingyourfeetonthefloor.Avoidthetroublesomesearchforcleanclothesbylayingthemoutthenightbefore.Wheneverpossible,doroutineworkintheafternoonandsavetasksrequiringmoreenergyorconcentrationforyoursharperhours.Youareadvisedtorisewithayawnandstretchbecauseitwill____.（）A.helptokeepyourenergyfortheday'sworkB.helpyoutocontrolyourtemperearlyinthedayC.enableyoutoconcentrateonyourroutineworkD.keepyourenergycycleundercontrolallday

18、Thecowboyistheheroofmanymovies.Heis,eventoday,asymbolofcourageandadventure.Butwhatwasthelifeofthecowboyreallylike?Thecowboy'sjobisclearfromtheword〝cowboy〞.Cowboysweremenwhotookcareofcowsandothercattle.ThecattlewereintheWestandinTexas.PeopleinthecitiesoftheEastwantedbeeffromthesecattle.Trainscouldtakethecattleeast.Butfirstthecattlehadtogettothetrains.Partofthecowboy’sjobwastotakethecattlehundredsofmilestotherailroadtowns.Thetripswerecalledcattledrives.Acattledriveusuallytookseveralmonths.Cowboyrodeforsixteenhoursaday.Becausetheyrodesomuch,eachcowboybroughtalongabouteighthorses.Acowboychangedhorsesseveraltimeseachday.Thecowboyshadtomakesurethatthecattlearrivedsafely.Beforestartingonadrive,thecowboysbrandedthecattle.Theyburnedamarkonthecattletoshowwhotheybelongedto.Butthesemarksdidn'tstoprustlers,orcattlethieves.Cowboyshadtoprotectthecattlefromrustlers.Rustlersmadethedangeroustripevenmoredangerous.Eventhoughtheirworkwasverydifficultanddangerous,cowboysdidnotearnmuchmoney.Theywerepaidbally.Yetcowboyslikedtheirwayoflife.Theylivedinawildandopencountry.Theylivedalifeofadventureandfreedom.Cowboys____.（）A.madealotofmoneyB.hadadifficultjobC.didnotliketheirwayoflifeD.wererich

19、Whatwemustdonow__makeacarefulinvestigationonthecircumstances.A.areB.isC.istoD.wereto

20、Scientistswhostudythebrainhavefoundoutagreatdealabouthowwelearn.Theyhave21thatbabieslearnmuchmorefromthesightsandsoundsaroundthemthanwe22before.Youcanhelpyourbabybytakingadvantageofherhungertolearn.Fromthe23beginning,babiestrytoimitatethe24theyhearusmake.They“read”the25onourfacesandourmovements.Thatis26itissoimportanttotalk,singandsmiletoyourchild.Hearingyoutalkisyourbaby'sfirst27towardbecomingareader,becauseit28hertolovelanguageandtolearnwords.Asyourchildgrowsolder,29talkingwithher.Askheraboutthethingsshedoes.Askherabouttheeventsandpeopleinthestoryyou30together.Letherknowyouarecarefully31whatshesays.Bykeepingherin32andlistening,youare33encouragingyourchildtothinkasshespeaks.34,youareshowingthatyourespectherknowledgeandherabilityto35learning.A.continueB.stopC.beginD.try

21、PassageFourThediscoveryofadwarfed（矮個(gè)子）"humanbeing"wholivedinFlores,Indonesia,upto18,000yearsagoischangingthewaywethinkaboutthehumanfamily.This"FloresHuman"wasthreefoottallandherbrainwassmallerthanthatoftheaveragechimp（黑猩猩）,yetsheandherrelativesapparentlylivedfullyhumanlives.Theyseemtohavemadetools,workedtogethertofindfoodandcookit,andperhapsevenburriedtheirdeadwithceremony.Itwasamajorsurprisetofindtoolsassociatedwiththenewhumanfamilymember.ThetoolsarelikethoseformerlyseenonlywithEuropeanfossils（化石）fromourownspecies;Homosapiens（智人）;andtheoldestofthemweremade9,400yearsago.Homosapiensisthoughttohavearrivedintheislandabout4,000yearsago,muchtoolatetoberesponsibleforthetools.Ifthistinyhumanmadethetools,thentheinsidestructure（結(jié)構(gòu)）ofitsbrainmusthavebeenmorelikeourownthanachimp′s,despitebeingjustathirdthesizeofours.This"newhuman"wassuspectedtobeadwarfedbranchofHomoerectus（直立人,）.Whencreaturesareseparatedinregionswithrareresourcesbutfewenemies,beingbigisadisadvantage,andevolutiontendstoshrinkthem,aprocessknownasislanddwarfing.Couldnaturalselectionmakeahumansmallerwhilekeeping--evenimproving--mentalability?Quitepossibly,believesChristopherWillsoftheUniversityofCalifornia.Hasthe"FloresHuman"evenshowntheabilityoflanguage?"Ifinditdifficulttoimaginethatpeoplecouldmaketools,usefire,andkilllargeanimalswithoutfairlyadvancedcommunication,"Willssays.Did"FloresHuman"possessthebasiccomponentsofhumanculture--suchastheburyingofthedeadwithceremony?EmilianoBruneroftheItalianInstitutepointsoutthatIndonesia′shot,wetenvironmentisbadforfossilization.Itisreasonabletoassume,hesays,thatthe18,000-year-oldbonesofthemostcompleteFloreswomanwerewell-preservedbecauseshewasburiedwithspecialcare.Thispassagemainlytalksabout__A.thetoolsmadeby"FloresHuman"B.thelanguageusedby"FloresHuman"C.theevolutionof"FloresHuman"D.themajorsurprisingfindingsabout"FloresHuman"

22、Teachersaresomeofthemostimportantprofessionalsintheworld.Theyareresponsible（21）preparingfuturegenerationstobecomeproductiveandhonestcitizens，whowill（22）tosociety