2025年中考英語重難點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)25 完形填空之說明文

重難點(diǎn)25完形填空之說明文 1.命題特點(diǎn)分析：1.1.開頭點(diǎn)題。說明文類完形填空中，作者一般在文章的首句直接提出說明的對象，這是掌握說明細(xì)節(jié)的前提。1.2.結(jié)構(gòu)清晰。說明文一般按一定的順序展開。理清文章的說明順序，對于正確把握文意和上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，選擇正確答案具有重要意義。1.3.難度較大。說明文往往采用比較正式的文體，表述準(zhǔn)確嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，生詞術(shù)語較多，句子較長，結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜。1.4.說明文一般采用簡練的語言，按一定的方法介紹事物的類別、性質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)、構(gòu)造、成因、關(guān)系或事物的運(yùn)動(dòng)變化、發(fā)展的過程及其規(guī)律。1.5.說明文十分講究條理性，一般采取時(shí)間順序、空間順序、邏輯順序或認(rèn)知順序來說明事物或事理。2.解題方法：2.1.快速弄清文章大意。對于此類文章我們結(jié)合選擇項(xiàng)，進(jìn)行粗讀或略讀，對文章的大意要先有一個(gè)大體的了解。說明文往往生詞較多，而題材又比較廣泛，所以閱讀時(shí)，首先要能夠掌握文章的大意。2.2.弄清楚說明的順序。把握了說明順序，就能準(zhǔn)確把握文章的脈絡(luò)，加強(qiáng)對整篇文章的理解。2.3.把握文章的組織結(jié)構(gòu)，理清事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)。把握語篇特征對理解文意與答題極為有利。說明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表達(dá)清楚的、邏輯比較嚴(yán)密的短文。在閱讀這類文章時(shí)，我們一定要仔細(xì)研讀文章的開頭和結(jié)尾，從主題句著手，找出支持句，然后尋找文章的結(jié)論。這時(shí)，我們還要特別注意，不要被表面的一些細(xì)節(jié)所迷惑，我們在理解細(xì)節(jié)的基礎(chǔ)上，還要斟酌文字的內(nèi)涵意義，從而對文章進(jìn)行深層次的理解。2.4.注重上下文語境應(yīng)逐句精讀短文，逐題分析選項(xiàng)，對特定的語境作深入的理解，克服＂思維定勢＂，根據(jù)全文大意和詞不離句、句不離文的原則逐項(xiàng)填空。2.5.熟練做題方法，遵循四個(gè)原則：（1）上下一致。每個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)必須從全文出發(fā)，從大處著手，避免孤立地分析每一空格，造成誤選。（2）語法正確。從語法的角度去考慮動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)以及詞類用法。（3）邏輯合理。在完形填空題中，邏輯推理非常重要，有時(shí)每個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)從語法上講都正確，但是有的是不合語境邏輯的。（4）符合搭配。英語中固定搭配很多，需要熟練掌握，才能做好此類題目。中考語篇通用集訓(xùn)之（二）Ⅱ.完形填空。閱讀短文，從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的正確答案。Whenpeopletalkaboutairpollution,theyareusuallythinkingaboutoutdoorair11.Butdoyouknowthatthereisalsoairpollutioninsidehomes,offices,hotelsandotherbuildings?Theairinyourhomecanbe2to100timesmorepollutedthantheairoutdoors!Infact,someAmericandoctorssaythat50%oftheillnesseshave12todowiththepollutedindoorair.Alotofpollutioncomesfromindooractivities13smokingandcooking.Asmostpeople14about80%-90%oftheirtimeinsidebuildings,itisimportanttotakeindoorairpollutionseriously,too.Airpollutioninfluencesourhealth15.Whentheairispolluted,notonlyyoungchildrenandoldpeople16fromit,17peoplewithhealthproblemssufferaswell.Indoorairpollutioncan18people’seyes,nosesandthroats.Airpollution,bothindoorandoutdoor,canalso19tolungcancerandheartdisease!IntheGreatLondonFogin1952,4,000peoplediedinafewdays20thepollution!ItissaidthathalfamillionyoungchildrenandwomendieeachyearinIndiabecauseofindoorairpollution!()11.A.pollution B.pollute C.polluting D.polluted()12.A.nothing B.everything C.something D.anything()13.A.aswellas B.suchas C.insteadof D.soas()14.A.take B.cost C.spend D.give()15.A.inmanyways B.inmanythings C.inmanyhouses D.inmanyyears()16.A.endure B.bear C.stand D.suffer()17.A.and B.but C.or D.while()18.A.hit B.hurt C.pollute D.beat()19.A.cause B.get C.give D.lead()20.A.becauseof B.thanksto C.relatedto D.becauseⅡ.11.A句意為:他們只關(guān)心戶外的空氣污染。故選A。12.C句意為:美國的醫(yī)生說50%的疾病來自我們室內(nèi)的空氣污染。故選C。13.B句意為:很多污染來自室內(nèi)的活動(dòng)。例如抽煙和做飯。A.也；B.例如；C.代替。故選B。14.C句意為:因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)人在室內(nèi)的時(shí)間占他們時(shí)間的80%~90%。A項(xiàng)常用于形式主語；B項(xiàng)是某物花費(fèi)、價(jià)值多少，主語一般為形式主語或物。故選C。15.A句意為:空氣污染在許多方面影響我們的健康。在許多方面用inmanyways表示。故選A。16.Dsufferfrom意為“遭受”。故選D。17.B考查轉(zhuǎn)折連詞。題意為：空氣被污染了后，不僅僅是孩子和老人遭受傷害，有健康問題的人也受影響。故選B。18.B題意為:室內(nèi)的空氣污染，能傷害人的眼睛、鼻子和喉嚨。A.打擊；B.傷害；C.污染；D.敲打。故選B。19.Dleadto意為“引起”。故選D。20.A題意為:在1952年的倫敦大霧中,4,000人在幾天后死于污染。becauseof后接名詞、代詞和動(dòng)名詞可用于表示積極、消極或中性，而thanksto幸虧，多虧，多用于褒義。故選A。Iowe(虧欠)myfatherahugethank-you!Sure,Ineedto____16____himforallthoseyearsofpayingmybills,fixingmy____17____,andprovidingashouldertocryon.ButthisyearI____18____thathiscontributionstomychildhoodweremuchmorethanthat.IgrewupasDaddy’sLittleGirl.IfIhada____19____thatneededsolvingoraquestionthatneededanswering,hewastheoneIranto.Hehelpedme____20____everythingfrommathhomeworkasastudenttocareerchoicesasayoungadult.Healways____21____thatIshoulddomybestinwhateverIdid,andhebelievedIcouldsucceedin____22____Iputmymindto.Asaresult,Ilearnedtoholdmyselftothosesamestandards.Healwaysshowedmeunconditional____23____,whichhelpedmelearntolovemyself.ItwassomethingI’dtakenforgranted(想當(dāng)然)untilIrealizedfromtalkingwithmy____24____thattheyhadnosimilarviewoftheirself-worth.Havingfathersthatdidn’tbelieveinthemmadethemgrowupnot____25____inthemselves.AsIwasgrowingup,myfatheralsoshowedmehowawomanshouldbe____26____.Hegotalongwithmymomwithloveandrespect.____27____,IgrewtoexpectnothinglessthanthatfromthemenIdatedandfromthemanIwouldfinallymarry.Dadwas____28____alivingpictureofgodliness(虔誠),honestyandresponsibility.ItwasonlyrecentlythatIrealizedwhatadeepinfluence____29____haveontheirdaughters’lives.Thatis____30____Iwanttothankmydadfortheexampleoflovethathehasbeentomethroughoutmylife.16.A.accept B.remind C.thank D.remember17.A.bikes B.homework C.illness D.knowledge18.A.forgot B.realized C.discovered D.compared19.A.present B.reason C.letter D.problem20.A.getthrough B.getaway C.lookthrough D.lookinto21.A.wondered B.expected C.refused D.doubted22.A.something B.anybody C.nothing D.anything23.A.energy B.money C.effort D.love24.A.friends B.parents C.teachers D.relatives25.A.guessing B.believing C.thinking D.judging26.A.thought B.satisfied C.respected D.pleased27.A.Therefore B.However C.Moreover