新人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修1課件UNIT4READINGANDTHINKING（英語(yǔ)）

Unit4

NaturalDisastersReadingandThinkingⅡ.短語(yǔ)填空1.Icouldn’t_______(想起)thenameofthatmananyhow.

2.Therearemanyshelters______(搭起,建立)bythegovernment.

3.Butthecity’sonemillionpeoplewereasleep_______(像往常一樣)thatnight.

thinkofsetupasusualasifinruinsinshockdigout8.Whenyouseeawordyoudonotknow,donotstopand_________(查閱)inthedictionary.

9.Somewerefoundalive,thoughtheywere_____________(遭受)terribleinjuries.

10.Whatothercitiesortowns________________(經(jīng)歷)similarchanges?

lookitupsufferingfromhavegonethroughⅠ.文本整體理解:理清文章架構(gòu)Ⅱ.文本細(xì)節(jié)理解:探尋語(yǔ)篇細(xì)節(jié)信息1.AllthefollowingunusualthingshappenedbeforethequakeEXCEPTthat_________.

A.thewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfellB.thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeatC.tensofthousandsofcowswouldnevergivemilkagainD.fishjumpedoutofthewater2.Beforetheearthquake,peoplewereasleepasusualbecause_________.

A.theydidn’tnoticeanythingstrangehappeningB.theyknewwellaboutearthquakesC.somethingstrangehappenedinmanyplacesD.theydidn’trealizethearrivalofanearthquake3.Thesecondandthirdparagraphsaremainlyabout_________.

A.thegreatlosstheearthquakebroughttoTangshanB.thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredC.whenandwhereanearthquakehappenedD.thecauseofthebigearthquakeinTangshan4.Whatdoesthesentence“Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain”mean?A.Thecitywillnotdie.Ithashope.Anditcanrecoverfromthepain.B.Thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantohelppeople.C.Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.D.Mostofthe10,000minerswererescued.5.Whatisthemood(語(yǔ)氣)ofthispassage?A.Sad.

B.Serious.C.Seriousandsad. D.Calm.答案:1~5.CDAACⅢ.文本素養(yǎng)提升:閱讀技能綜合運(yùn)用1.根據(jù)課文語(yǔ)境與語(yǔ)句知識(shí)細(xì)致解構(gòu)語(yǔ)句(1)譯文:城市正下方11千米處,20世紀(jì)最致命的地震之一——甚至對(duì)遠(yuǎn)在150千米以外的北京都___________的地震發(fā)生了。造成了危害(2)譯文:地震發(fā)生后不久,軍隊(duì)派出150,000士兵去唐山___________和埋葬死者。挖掘被困者(3)譯文:唐山市向中國(guó)和世界證明了,_________________,人們必須團(tuán)結(jié)起來,發(fā)揮聰明才智,保持樂觀,重建一個(gè)更光明的未來。在災(zāi)難來臨的時(shí)刻根據(jù)課文完成短文

BeforeTangshanearthquake,strangethingshappenedandsome(1)______(smell)gascameoutofthe(2)______(crack)ofwellsandanimalsbecamenervous.At3:42ameverythingbegantoshake.Thecityturnedintoruinsinjustfifteenseconds.Manypeople(3)_________(include)workersanddoctorscamesmellycracksincludingtorescuethose(4)_____weretrappedundertheruins.Laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquake(5)______(strike)Tangshan,killing,injuringmorepeopleandmakingmorebuildingsfalldown.Soldierswerecalled(6)__tohelptherescueworkersandteams(7)______________(organize)todigoutthetrappedandburywhostruckinwereorganizedthedead.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivors.Freshwaterwastakentothecity.(8)______(slow),thecitybegantobreatheagain.Andnowwithstrongsupportfrom

thegovernmentandthe(9)______(tire)effortsofthecity’speople,(10)__newTangshanwasbuiltupontheearthquakeruins.

Slowlytirelessa2.閱讀主題活動(dòng)(1)Whatshallwedoifanearthquakehappens?___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________①Don’tbenervousandkeepcalm.

②Don’ttrytorunoutoftheclassroom.

③Protectyourheadbyputtingyourbagonyourhead.④Leavetheclassroomaftertheearthquake.

⑤Listentotheteachers,thewise.

(2)Whatkindofworkcanwedoaftertheearthquake?____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________

①Organizetherescuedoctorsandworkerstohelpthepeople.

②Helptobuildshelters.③Offerfoodandclothestothem.【閱讀微技巧】1.floodn.洪水;大量vi.

淹沒;大量涌入vt.使灌滿水;淹沒*WhentheNileisinflood,itdepositsalayerofmudonthefields.尼羅河泛濫時(shí),在田野上沉積下一層泥。*Letterscamefloodinginfromtheangryaudience.憤怒觀眾的來信如潮水般地涌來。*(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Adultsunderstandwhatitfeelsliketobefloodedwithobjects.成年人都理解到處都是物品的那種感覺?！菊Z(yǔ)塊積累】(1)inflood 在泛濫afloodof 大量的(2)floodin/into 大量涌入(某處)floodoutofsth. 蜂擁而出floodsb./sth.withsth. 大量送至,擠滿befloodedwith 被……淹沒【即學(xué)活用】語(yǔ)法填空(1)Everydaywe’reflooded____allkindsofsounds,ofwhichmostarenoise.

(2)Memoriesofhischildhoodcame________(flood)back.

withflooding(3)Asaflood__problemscatchyouup,sometimesitisbesttotalktosomeonewhowouldhearyouout.

of2.rescuen.&vt.

營(yíng)救;救援*Whataretherescueworkersandsoldiersdoingintheflood-hitarea?在被洪水襲擊的災(zāi)區(qū),救援工人和士兵在干什么?*Hisfathercametohisrescuebylendinghimsomemoney.他父親借錢給他,救他脫困。*Herescuedachildfromdrowning.他救了一名落水兒童。【即學(xué)活用】(1)Allthepeoplenearby________________whenhearinghercryforhelp.附近的人們聽到她的呼救聲都來營(yíng)救她。(2)_____________istryingtoreachthetrappedminers.救援隊(duì)正設(shè)法到達(dá)礦工被困的位置。cametoherrescueArescueteam(3)Themother,alongwithhertwochildren,________________thesinkingboatbyapassingship.那位母親和她的兩個(gè)孩子,被經(jīng)過的輪船從正在下沉的小船上救起來了。wasrescuedfrom3.damagevt.損害;破壞n.

損壞;損失*WhichbuildingsweredamagedinSeoul?首爾哪些建筑被破壞了?*Mywifehadanaccidentanddamagedthebike.我妻子遇到意外事故,把自行車弄壞了。*Thecropswerebadlydamagedbythestorm.莊稼受到暴風(fēng)雨的嚴(yán)重?fù)p害。*Eatingtoomuchmeatatatimewillcausedamagetoyourstomach.一次吃太多的肉會(huì)對(duì)你的胃造成損害?！菊Z(yǔ)塊積累】(1)damageone’shealth/fame損害某人的健康/名譽(yù)bebadlydamaged 遭受嚴(yán)重?fù)p害(2)do/causedamageto 給……帶來/造成損害【即學(xué)活用】(1)Drinkingandsmokingcan__________________.飲酒和吸煙會(huì)損害你的健康。(2)Theymanagedtorepairthehousesthat__________________.他們盡力修復(fù)嚴(yán)重受損的房屋。damageyourhealthwerebadlydamaged(3)Theearthquake_______________propertyestimatedat$6billion.地震造成的財(cái)產(chǎn)損失估計(jì)有60億。causeddamageto4.ruinn.&vt.

破壞;毀壞*Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.不到一分鐘時(shí)間,一座大城市成了廢墟。*Alargenumberofchurchesfellintoruinaftertheearthquake.地震過后,許多教堂都被毀了。*Therainruinedmypainting.這場(chǎng)雨把我的畫給毀了?！菊Z(yǔ)塊積累】(1)lie/beinruins成為廢墟fallintoruin 毀滅;毀壞(2)ruinsth./sb. 毀壞某物/某人ruinone’shealth/fame/future

毀掉某人的健康/名譽(yù)/前途【即學(xué)活用】(1)Yearsoffightingleftthearea_______.連年的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)使這一地區(qū)破敗不堪。(2)Hisgoodfame___________becauseofhisrudeness.他因?yàn)榇拄敹嗽O(shè)崩塌。inruinsfellintoruin(3)Thebadweather______________.惡劣的天氣破壞了我們的旅程。ruinedourtrip5.shockn.震驚;令人震驚的事;休克vt.(使)震驚*Peoplewereinshock.人們震驚了。*Mary’ssuddendeathwasashocktome.瑪麗的突然離世令我震驚。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)*Thenewsofhisdeathshockedthewholenation.他去世的消息讓全國(guó)人民感到震驚。*Iwasshockedtohearthathehadresigned.聽到他辭職的消息,我感到很震驚。*Rescueworkerswereshockedbywhattheysaw.救援人員對(duì)眼前的景象感到震驚。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)【語(yǔ)塊積累】(1)inshock 震驚;吃驚beashocktosb. 使某人震驚(2)shocked adj.震驚的beshockedat/by 對(duì)……感到震驚beshockedtodosth./that... 對(duì)……感到震驚(3)shocking adj.令人震驚的Itisshockingthat... 令人吃驚的是……【熟詞生義】Severalofthosewhosurvivedtheaccidenthavebeentakentohospitalinastateofshock.(

)幾個(gè)處于休克狀態(tài)中的事故幸存者被送往醫(yī)院了。n.休克【巧學(xué)助記】語(yǔ)境記憶shockWewereallshockedattheshockingnewsthathewasstillinastateofshockaftertheaccident.Howeverwhenhefinallycametohimselfhelookedatusinshock,knowingnothingabouttheaccident.我們都被這個(gè)令人震驚的消息嚇住了——事故之后他依然處于休克狀態(tài)。然而,最終當(dāng)他蘇醒過來時(shí),他吃驚地看著我們,對(duì)事故一無所知。【即學(xué)活用】語(yǔ)法填空(1)Itis________(shock)thatstudentscan’tspellthesewords.(2)Everyoneinthestreetwas_______(shock)whentheyheardthenews.(3)Wewereallshocked__thenewsofhisdeath.

shockingshockedat(4)Itwasquite__shocktoseemyfaceonthatscreen.

(5)Therewasbloodeverywhere,andthewomanwasembarrassedandclearly__shock.ain6.trapvt.使落入險(xiǎn)境;使陷入圈套n.

險(xiǎn)境;陷阱*Duringthefire,hewastrappedinthebuilding.火災(zāi)發(fā)生時(shí),他被困在大樓里。*Somepeopleliketotrapoldpeopleintobuyingsomeuselessthings.有些人喜歡誘騙老年人買些無用的東西。*Thepolicesetatraptocatchthethief.警察設(shè)下了圈套來捉拿竊賊。*Thetwothievesfellintoatrapatlast.那兩個(gè)竊賊最終落入了圈套?！菊Z(yǔ)塊積累】(1)betrappedunder/in...被困于……trapsb.intodoingsth. 誘騙某人干某事(2)setatrap 設(shè)置陷阱/布下圈套fallintoatrap 落入圈套【即學(xué)活用】(1)Theliftbrokedownandwe____________inside.電梯出故障了,我們被困在了里面。(2)Hewassosmartthathe______________________________him.他很聰明,誘騙很多人相信他。weretrappedtrappedmanypeopleintobelieving(3)They____________him,andhe_______it.他們?cè)O(shè)下圈套,他果然落入其中。setatrapforfellinto7.buryvt.

埋葬;安葬*Heburiedhisfaceinhishands.他雙手掩面。*Hisbodywasburiedinsnow,buthisheadwasstickingout.他的身體被埋在雪里,但是頭伸在外面。*Buriedinhisstudy,hedidn’tknowthattheothershadleft.他埋頭學(xué)習(xí),不知道其他人已經(jīng)離開了?！菊Z(yǔ)塊積累】beburiedunder/beneath/in...被埋在……buryone’sface/headinone’shands雙手掩面/捂頭埋頭于/專心于……【即學(xué)活用】同義句轉(zhuǎn)換因?yàn)樗龑Ｐ目措娪?不知道外面正在下雪。Becausesheburiedherselfinthefilm,shedidn’tknowitwassnowingoutside.=_______________________,shedidn’tknowitwassnowingoutside.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))

Buryingherselfinthefilm=___________________________________________________(用過去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))

Buriedinthefilm,shedidn’tknowitwassnowingoutside.8.suffervt.

遭受;蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等)受苦*Somewerefoundalive,thoughtheyweresufferingfromterribleinjuries.有些人被發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)還活著,盡管他們受了重傷。*Itisclearthatourearthissufferingsevere

damage.很顯然,我們的地球正遭受著嚴(yán)重的破壞。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)*Theoldmanissaidtohavegonethroughkindsofsufferingsduringthewar.據(jù)說這位老人在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間經(jīng)歷了各種痛苦?！菊Z(yǔ)塊積累】(1)sufferpain/defeat/hardship/damage遭受痛苦/失敗/艱難/破壞sufferfrom 受……折磨;患……病(2)suffering n.痛苦;苦惱;讓人痛苦的事sufferer n.

患難者;患病者【名師點(diǎn)津】

sufferVSsufferfrom(1)suffer后常加的名詞多指抽象的損害、痛苦等,如sufferpain/defeat/losses/theresult/sideeffects“遭受痛苦/失敗/損失/(承受)結(jié)果/副作用”。(2)sufferfrom常加具體的不幸或痛苦的名詞,表示遭受戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、自然災(zāi)害、疾病帶來的痛苦。如sufferfromhunger/flood/fever/cold/disease“遭受饑餓/洪水/發(fā)燒/感冒/患病”?！炯磳W(xué)活用】語(yǔ)法填空(1)Theoldmanwentthroughalotof_________(suffer)intheolddays.What’sworse,hesuffered_____heartattackwhenhewasinhiseighties.(2)Alotofmoneyhasbeencollectedtohelpthose________(suffer)fromthefloods.sufferingsfromsuffering(3)Relieffoodandclothingshouldbequicklysenttothe________(suffer)fromthegreatfire.

sufferers*Theyhopedtorealizetheiraimsbytheendoftheyear.他們希望在年底前實(shí)現(xiàn)他們的目標(biāo)。*Youmaysufferatfirst,butyouwillgainintheend.開頭你可能要受點(diǎn)苦,但是終究會(huì)有所收獲的?！菊Z(yǔ)塊積累】attheendof在……的末尾bytheendof 到……末尾為止(常和完成時(shí)連用)intheend 最后,結(jié)果【名師點(diǎn)津】

bytheendof兩點(diǎn)注意bytheendof后接將來時(shí)間時(shí),與將來完成時(shí)連用;后接過去時(shí)間時(shí),與過去完成時(shí)連用?！局R(shí)延伸】動(dòng)詞end的用法endinsth.以……結(jié)尾;結(jié)果是endupassb./sth. 最終成為……endupdoingsth. 最終……;以做某事結(jié)束endupwithsth. 以……結(jié)束endattheendof(3)Theyhadachievedtheirplan____________lastmonth.

截止到上個(gè)月底,他們已經(jīng)完成了計(jì)劃。(4)Hefailedsomanytimesthat_________hegaveuphope.

他失敗的次數(shù)太多了,以至于他最終放棄了希望。bytheendofintheend10.gothrough經(jīng)歷;經(jīng)受*Whatothercitiesortownshavegonethroughsimilarchanges?還有哪些別的城市和小鎮(zhèn)經(jīng)歷了相似的變化?*Let’sgothroughthenumberstogether.我們一起把這些數(shù)目過一遍。*WewentthroughParistogettoRennes.我們穿過巴黎到了雷恩。*Itwasclearthatsomeonehadgonethroughmybags.顯然有人翻過我的包了?！緦?dǎo)圖理詞】【即學(xué)活用】根據(jù)語(yǔ)境猜測(cè)黑體部分的含義(1)Wehavetogothroughwiththebookfirst.()(2)Thepianowillhardlygothroughthedoor.()完成通過(3)Youdon’tknowwhatMargiegoesthrough. ()(4)I’vegonethroughallthewordsinthepaper.()(5)Thenewlawdidnotgothrough. ()經(jīng)歷;經(jīng)受仔細(xì)檢查被通過【句式解構(gòu)】(1)Itseemedasif...這是一個(gè)含有表語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句。(2)asif=asthough意為“仿佛;好像”,引導(dǎo)的從句,常放在be,look,seem,sound,smell,feel等系動(dòng)詞之后作表語(yǔ)。(3)asif還可引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。當(dāng)說話人認(rèn)為從句所陳述的是不真實(shí)的或不可能發(fā)生(存在)的情況時(shí),從句謂語(yǔ)常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,結(jié)構(gòu)如下:*Hurryup!Itlooksasifthetrainisgoingtomove.快點(diǎn)!看起來火車要開了。*ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifIhaddoneit?打破窗戶的是約翰。為什么你說得好像是我打破的似的?【即學(xué)活用】(1)Hesangandlaughedloudlyasifhe_____(be)theonlypersonintheworld.他大聲地唱著、笑著,好像他是這世界上僅有的人。were(2)Theteacheraskedhimaquestion,buthemadenoanswer____hedidn’thearit.

老師問了他一個(gè)問題,但是他像沒聽到似的沒有作出回答。asif(3)___________ourteamisgoingtowin.

看來我們隊(duì)要?jiǎng)倭?。Itseemsasif12.Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.

水、食物和電都很難獲得。(2)不定式和句子主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。*Thecakeiseasytomake.這種蛋糕很容易做。*Thismathsproblemisverydifficulttoworkout.這道數(shù)學(xué)題很難解?！久麕燑c(diǎn)津】“主語(yǔ)+be+adj.+不定式”易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)這種結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義時(shí),不定式的動(dòng)詞必須是及物動(dòng)詞;如果是不及物動(dòng)詞,后面就要添加相應(yīng)的介詞。*Thebossishardtogetalongwith.這個(gè)老板很難相處。*Thechairishardtositon.這把椅子坐上去很硬。【即學(xué)活用】(1)Theapples_______________.這些蘋果很難夠到。(2)Thebaby____________________.這個(gè)孩子不好帶。arehardtoreachisnoteasytolookafter【要點(diǎn)拾遺】1.affectvt.

影響;(疾病)侵襲;深深打動(dòng)*Around540millionpeopleareaffectedbysecond-handsmokeperyear.每年大約5億4千萬(wàn)人受二手煙的影響。*Affectedwithhighfever,hecontinuedwithhiswork.盡管發(fā)高燒,他仍然繼續(xù)工作。*Thepeoplepresentatthemeetingweredeeplyaffectedbythestory.出席會(huì)議的人被這個(gè)故事深深地打動(dòng)了?！菊Z(yǔ)塊積累】beaffectedwithhighfever發(fā)高燒beaffectedby... 被……打動(dòng)/影響【即學(xué)活用】(1)Thetrafficjamnotonly_____________________butalsotheenvironment.交通擁堵不僅影響我們的日常生活,還會(huì)影響環(huán)境。(2)Thechild_______________highfever.那孩子發(fā)高燒了。affectsoureverydaylifewasaffectedwith2.sheltern.避難處;居所;庇護(hù)vt.保護(hù);掩蔽vi.躲避(風(fēng)雨或危險(xiǎn))*Thefirstthinghedidwastofindshelterfromthefreezingwindandsnow.他做的第一件事就是找到地方躲避寒冷的風(fēng)雪。*Theseplantsmustbeshelteredfromdirectsunlight.這些植物必須被遮起來,免受陽(yáng)光直射。*InthestormIwasshelteringunderthetree.暴風(fēng)雨時(shí),我正在樹下躲避。【語(yǔ)塊積累】(1)takeshelterfromwind/rain躲避風(fēng)/雨shelterfromsth. 躲避某物(2)sheltersb./sth.from 保護(hù)某人/某物(免受……)【即學(xué)活用】語(yǔ)法填空(1)Wesatintheshade,_________(shelter)fromthesun.(2)Plantherbsnexttowallshelterthem_____thewind.shelteringfrom3.revivevt.&vi.

復(fù)活;(使)蘇醒*Afteralongtime,thewomanrevivedfromtheshock.經(jīng)過很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間后,那位婦女從休克中蘇醒過來。*Therosesrevivedthemselvesaftertherain.玫瑰花雨后又復(fù)活了。*ThereislittlechanceofarevivalinnewcarsalesuntilatleastAugustnextyear.至少到明年8月之前,新車銷售回升的可能性都微乎其微?！菊Z(yǔ)塊積累】(1)revivefrom從……中蘇醒過來reviveoneself 蘇醒;復(fù)活(2)revival n.振興;復(fù)蘇【即學(xué)活用】語(yǔ)法填空(1)Lifeisacontinuouscourseofdeathand______(revive).(2)Interestinancientmusic__________(revive)recently.

(3)Herevived_______(he)withacupofcoffee.revivalhasrevivedhimself4.effortn.

努力;艱難的嘗試;