遼寧省營口市2025屆高三英語上學(xué)期期末考試試題含解析

PAGEPAGE22遼寧省營口市2025屆高三英語上學(xué)期期末考試試題（含解析）試卷說明:試卷分為試題卷和答題卷，試題卷中第Ⅰ卷為選擇題，答案選項填在答題卷選擇題答題表中，用答題卡的學(xué)校涂在答題卡相應(yīng)題號上；第Ⅱ卷為非選擇題，答案一律答在答題卷相應(yīng)位置上。第Ⅰ卷第一部分:聽力(略)其次部分:閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳答案。AOilPaintingworkshopMarch23,2024Forages15andup.Beginnerswelcome!Experiencenotrequired.RegistrationDeadline—March9,2024●ClassSchedule9:30-10:00WelcomeandRegistration10:00-12:00PaintingSession12:00-1:00Lunch1:00-3:00PaintingSession3:00EvaluationandDeparture●AbouttheInstructorJudyMoore-Gist,AlexanderCertifiedInstructorandCertifiedRossInstructor,ismakinggreateffortstogivepeopleofallagestheopportunitytoexperienceWilliamAlexander'sTheMagicofOilPaintingandBobRoss'sTheJoyofPainting.Both,WilliamAlexanderandBobRoss,PBSTVhosts,haveinspiredthousandsoffirst-timepainters.Showingthe"wet-on-wet"techniqueencouragedpeopleofallagestopickupabrushandputtheirdreamsoncanvas(畫布).Judywilldothesame,andyouarewelcometotakeaclassandseeforyourself.Attheendofjustonesessionyouwillbeamazedatthebeautifulpaintingthatyoucreateinjustafewhours.Youwillbecomemoreawareofbeautifulcloudshapesandcolorsyouignoredbefore.Thereisnothingmoreinspiringthanseeingabeautifulscenerythatyoupaintandotherswilltreasureforever.FormoreinformationaboutJudyMoore-Gist,clickhere.Cost:$75.00/apersonPricesincludeallinstructorfees,materials,andlunch.Ifyouwishtopaybycheck,pleaseprinttheOilPaintAug.pdfprintableregistrationformandmailitinwithpaymentto:HolidayLake4HEducationalCenter,12674-HCampRoad,Appomattox,VA24522.Refund(退款)Policy:FullRefund:March9,2024Nonrefundable:afterMarch9,2024FormoreinformationcontactHeatherBenninghoveat434-248-5444orheathern@.1.Whatshouldpeopledotoattendtheclass?A.Provideapieceofpainting. B.PayforitbeforeMarch9,2024.C.Learnsomethingabouttheinstructor. D.RegisterforitnolaterthanMarch9,2024.2.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Theclassisintendedforpeopleofallages.B.YoucangetafullrefundbeforeMarch23,2024.C.Moreinformationabouttheinstructorisavailableonline.D.Paintingexperienceisneededforpeopletoattendtheclass.3.Wherewouldyoubemostlikelytofindthetext?A.Inanewspaper. B.OntheInternet. C.Onanoticeboard. D.Inacompanybrochure.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。該廣告是為名叫“OilPaintingWorkshop”的課程做宣揚。廣告中介紹了上課的時間，老師信息，收費狀況等內(nèi)容?！驹斀狻?.細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)“RegistrationDeadline—March9,2024”可知，登記的最終期限為2024年3月9號。故選D。2.細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)“Instructor”中的“Forages15andup.”可知，參與課程的人的年齡是15歲及以上的人。所以選項A錯誤；依據(jù)“Refund(退款)Policy:”中“FullRefund:March9,2024”可知，全款退費是在2021年3月9日，所以選項B錯誤；依據(jù)“Instructor”中的“FormoreinformationaboutJudyMoore-Gist,clickhere.”可知，要獲得更多關(guān)于JudyMoore-Gist，可以點擊這兒?？梢酝浦?，網(wǎng)上有更多關(guān)于導(dǎo)師JudyMoore-Gist的信息。所以選項C正確；依據(jù)開頭部分中“Beginnerswelcome!Experiencenotrequired.”可知，初學(xué)者也是可以的。選項D錯誤。故選C。3.推理推斷題。依據(jù)FormoreinformationaboutJudyMoore-Gist,clickhere.更多關(guān)于JudyMoore-Gist的信息，點擊這里。依據(jù)句中的click意為“點擊”，由此可知，這篇文章可能出現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)上。故選B。BIworkatagrocerystoreinMontreal'sPlateauneighbourhood,whichgetsalotofregulars.OnMarch12,theQuebecgovernmentannouncedtocloseallpublicplacestostopthespreadofthepandemic(流行病)ofcoronavirus.ThenextdaythestorewasthebusiestI'veeverseen.Thesixcashregistershadtobekeptopenfrom10a.m.untilclose.Itwasnuts.Ididn'thavetimetoeatlunch,andwheneveroneofusoncashhadtousethebathroom,we'dhavetobringinacoworkerofthefloortocoverforus.Sincethen,theatmosphereinthestorehasbeendifferent.Customersaremostlyconsiderate,butwheneversomeonecoughsorsneezes,everyoneturnsaroundtomakesurethatpersonsneezedintotheirelbow.I'veevenseencustomerscomeinwearingsomestrangeget-ups.OneguyevencameinwithaplasticWalmartbagwrappedaroundhisentirehead,withaslitcutoutforhiseyes.Alotofmycoworkershavelefttoavoidapublic-facingjobduringthepandemic.grocerystoreworkersacrossCanadaareputtingtheirhealthatriskeverytimetheycomeintowork,butalotofusarestillmakingclosetominimumwage.IrealizethatIfeelmoreexhaustedthannormaleventhoughI'mworkingthesamehours.Therestillhavebeensomemomentsofkindnessinthemidstofthechaos.I'veoverheardpeopletalkingonthephonewhosoundedasthoughtheywereorganizinggrocerydeliveriesforthosestuckathome.Andthispastweekendaveryniceladythankedusforcontinuingtowork.Iknoweveryoneisworried,butit'suselesshavingthesamescaryconversationsdayafterday.Insteadtellusafunnyanecdote,oraboutsomethingnice.We’llappreciatethedistraction,andyou’llmakeourdayjustabitbrighter.4.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoshowby"Itwasnuts."inParagraph2?A.Thegoodswereinshortsupply. B.Thestorewashavingabigsale.C.Thecashierscomplainedabouttheirwork. D.Thelocalsrushedtodoshoppinglikecrazy.5.WhatdoesParagraph3conveyaboutcustomers?A.Theyprefertoshophereincostume. B.Theyarepanickyaboutthedisease.C.Theyaremorefriendlytoeachother. D.Theyallprotectthemselvesproperly.6.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor?A.Aggressive. B.Considerate. C.Optimistic. D.Conservative.7.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthearticle?A.Topresentthekindmomentsinatimeofchaos.B.Todescribewhatit'slikeworkinginthepandemic.C.Toexplainwhyitishardtoworkatthegrocerystore.D.Toprovideadviceonhowtoprotectoneselfinthepandemic.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇文說明文。作者從一個雜貨店員工的角度，講解并描述了新冠疫情爆發(fā)以來在店里目睹到的景象，有人們慌亂的反應(yīng)，也有暖心的瞬間?！驹斀狻?.詞句揣測題。依據(jù)其次段第一、二句“ThenextdaythestorewasthebusiestI'veeverseen.Thesixcashregistershadtobekeptopenfrom10a.m.untilclose.(其次天，這家商店是我所見過的最繁忙的商店。六個收銀機必需從上午10點開到關(guān)門)”可知，商店當(dāng)天顧客爆滿，作者用這樣的表達就是為了說明人們面對疫情驚惶失措、蜂擁而至前來購物的混亂場景。因此推斷劃線句表示當(dāng)?shù)厝睡偪竦負屬徤唐贰９蔬xD項。2.推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段第一句“Sincethen,theatmosphereinthestorehasbeendifferent.”可知，疫情爆發(fā)后，整個商店里的氣氛都變了，結(jié)合本段給出的人們對咳嗽、打噴嚏的人很敏感以及用購物袋包住頭部的人都不難看出，人們對于疫情是感到恐慌的。故選B項。3.推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段的第一句“Therestillhavebeensomemomentsofkindnessinthemidstofthechaos.”（在混亂之中，仍舊有一些善意的時刻。），最終一句“We'llappreciatethedistraction,andyou'llmakeourdayjustabitbrighter.”（我們會很感謝你能分散我們的留意力，你會讓我們的生活更加美妙。）可知，作者處在新冠疫情的驚惶氣氛下，還是比較冷靜的，也能關(guān)注到發(fā)生的一些美妙的事情，同時對關(guān)切自己的人表示感謝，應(yīng)當(dāng)是比較主動樂觀的。故選C項。4.推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段“IworkatagrocerystoreinMontreal'sPlateauneighbourhood,whichgetsalotofregulars.OnMarch12,theQuebecgovernmentannouncedtocloseallpublicplacestostopthespreadofthepandemic(流行病)ofcoronavirus.”可知，我在蒙特利爾高原旁邊的一家雜貨店工作，那里有很多常客。3月12日，魁北克政府宣布關(guān)閉全部公共場所，以阻擋冠狀病毒的傳播。同時結(jié)合下文“ThenextdaythestorewasthebusiestI'veeverseen.”（其次天，這家店是我見過的最忙的。），第三段第一句“Sincethen,theatmosphereinthestorehasbeendifferent.”（從那以后，店里的氣氛就不一樣了。）所以可推知，作者身為雜貨店的工作人員，講解并描述新冠疫情下自己在雜貨店工作過程中的所見所聞，因此文章的寫作目的是描述作者在大流行病中工作的感覺。選項B與文意一樣。故選B項。CLikepeople,plantsexperiencestress.Andalso,likepeople,theresponsetothatstresscandeterminesuccess.Badenvironmentalconditions,suchasdrought,flood,heatandotherstresses,affectyields(產(chǎn)量)morethancroppestsanddiseases.Wearetryingtofindawaytoequipplantswiththeabilitytotolerateenvironmentalstressandmaintainhighyields,saidStephenHowell,aprofessorofgeneticsandcellbiology.Plantcellsproduceproteins(蛋白質(zhì))andshipthemtodifferentpartsofthecell.Undernormalconditions,theseproteinsarefoldedintotheirnormal,healthystructuresastheyareproduced.Whenaplantisunderstress,itscellsproducepoorlyfoldedorunfoldedproteins.Thenabuilt-insystemsensesthisand“setsoffanalarminthecell,”saidHowell.Inresponsetothealarm,anotherprotein(IRE1)startsworkingandcreatesadifferentprocesswhichactivates(激活)thestressresponsegeneswhoseproductsbringaboutdefensivemeasuresthathelptheplantsurvive.“Asitturnsout,responsesthatareactivatedunderstressconditionsactuallyinhibitthegrowthofplants,”saidHowell.“Thisallowsthemtopreservetheirenergytosurvivethestressconditions.”Forplantsinthewild,thisresponseisahelpforsurvival,hesaid.Inproductionofagriculturecrops,however,thisresponsereducesyields.“Youdon’twantcropplantstostopgrowing,”Howellsaid.“Youwantthemtocontinuetogrowandproduceeventhoughtheyareunderstress.”Withthenewunderstandingofthisstressresponse,thenextstepmaybetosilencethealarmsystem,saidHowell.“Whatmaybeimportantistodisablesomeofthesestressresponses.Thatmaymaketheplantmoreproductiveunderstressconditions.”8.Accordingtothetext,whatcausesanalarmintheplantcells?A.Thefoldedproteins. B.Thechangedproteins.C.Thedefensivemeasures. D.Thestressresponsegenes.9.Whatdoestheenergypreservedintheplantsunderstressconditionsdo?A.Ithelpstheplantstosurvive. B.Ithelpstomaintainhighyields.C.Itkeepstheplantsgrowing. D.Ithelpstoproduceproteins.10.Whichwordisclosesttothemeaningoftheunderlinedword“inhibit”inParagraph5?A.Prevent. B.Start.C.Continue. D.Promote.11.HowdoesHowellintendtomakecropplantsmaintainhighyieldsunderstressconditions?A.Bymakingcropplantskeepmoreenergy.B.Bymakingcropplantsstopgrowing.C.Bymakingthealarmsystemstopworking.D.Bymakingthealarmsystemrespondquickly.【答案】8.B9.A10.A11.C【解析】本文屬于說明文閱讀，作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了植物細胞的報警是由變更蛋白質(zhì)產(chǎn)生的，豪厄爾在壓力條件下通過使報警系統(tǒng)停止工作使作物保持高產(chǎn)?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段：Whenaplantisunderstress，itscellsproducepoorlyfoldedorunfoldedproteins可知植物細胞報警是由變更蛋白質(zhì)產(chǎn)生的；故選B?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段：anotherprotein（IRE1）startsworkingandcreatesadifferentprocesswhichactivates（激活）thestressresponsegeneswhoseproductsbringaboutdefensivemeasuresthathelptheplantsurvive可知脅迫條件下植物的能量保存幫助植物生存；故選A?！?0題詳解】詞義理解題。依據(jù)第五段：Asitturnsout，responsesthatareactivatedunderstressconditionsactuallyinhibitthegrowthofplants事實證明，在壓力條件下被激活的反應(yīng)事實上抑制了植物的生長，可知意為阻擋；故選A?！?1題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段：Whatmaybeimportantistodisablesomeofthesestressresponses．Thatmaymaketheplantmoreproductiveunderstressconditions可知豪厄爾在壓力條件下通過使報警系統(tǒng)停止工作使作物保持高產(chǎn)；故選C。DAnewdeviceworkslikeasolarpanel,exceptthatitdoesn'tharvestenergyfromthesun.Itabsorbsenergyfromthecoldnightsky.Aprototype(原型)ofthedeviceproducedenoughelectricityatnighttopowerasmalllightbulb.Abiggerversionmightonedaylightroomsorchargephones.Italsocouldpowerelectronicsinremoteorlow-resourceareasthatlackelectricity.ThedevicemakesuseofthetemperaturedifferencebetweenEarthandouterspace.Itthenusesthatdifferencetocreateelectricity.Aslongasonesideofitiscoolerthantheother,thegeneratorcanproduceelectricity.Thecoolersidefacestheskyandisattachedtoanaluminumplate.Thatplateissealedbeneathatransparent(透亮的)coverandsurroundedwithinsulation(隔熱材料)tokeepoutheat.Thebottomofthegeneratorisattachedtoanexposedaluminumplate.Thatplateiswarmedbythelocalair.Atnight,thetopplatecangetacoupleofdegreesCelsiuscoolerthanthebottomofthegenerator.Researcherstesteda20-centimeterprototypeoneclearDecembernightinStanford,California.Thegeneratorproduceduptoabout25milliwattsofpowerpersquaremeterofdevice.Thatwasenoughpowertolightasmalllight-emittingdiode,orLEDbulb.Furtherimprovementsmightincreaseitsproductiontoatleast500milliwattspersquaremeter.Todothat,thesystemmightneedmoreinsulationaroundthecooltopplate.Thedevicealsocouldhelppowerremoteweatherstationsorotherenvironmentaldevices,saysAaswathRaman.HeisamaterialsscientistwhoworkedonthedeviceattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles.Thismaybeusefulinpolarregionsthatdon'tseesunlightformonthsatatime,Ramansays.“Ifyouhavesomelow-powerloadandyouneedtopoweritthroughthreemonthsofdarkness,thismightbeaway.”12.Whatcanweknowaboutthenewdevice?A.Itgainsenergyfromthesun. B.It'sbeenwidelyusedinlife.C.Itiscoolerthanasolarpanel. D.It'llbepopularinspecialareas.13.WhatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinParagraph3?A.Applicationfieldsofthedevice. B.Thedevelopingprocessofthedevice.C.Theworkingprincipleofthedevice. D.Significanteffectsofthedevice.14.Howcanthedeviceproducemoreelectricity?A.Byputtingmoreinsulationaroundthetopplate.B.Byusingitinextremelycoldandclearnights.C.Bymakingitsbottomcoolerthanthetopplate.D.Bypoweringremoteenvironmentaldevices.15.Whatcouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ADeviceUsingtheColdNightSkytoProduceElectricityB.ADeviceBringingNewHopeforThoseintheColdNightC.TheDifferenceBetweenaSolarPanelandaNewDeviceD.TheTemperatureDifferenceBetweenEarthandOuterSpace【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項最新的科研獨創(chuàng)——利用寒冷的夜空發(fā)電的裝置，它可以從寒冷的夜空中收集能量，然后通過利用地表和遠處空間的溫差來產(chǎn)生電能。【詳解】1.推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段的最終一句“Italsocouldpowerelectronicsinremoteorlow-resourceareasthatlackelectricity.”和最終一段的最終兩句“Ifyouhavesomelow-powerloadandyouneedtopoweritthroughthreemonthsofdarkness，thismightbeaway.”可知，這種裝置在一些偏遠地區(qū)或缺電的地區(qū)幫助發(fā)電；另外，在極地地區(qū)數(shù)月不見陽光，這種裝置可以幫助發(fā)電照明。由此可推知，這個新設(shè)備在會在一些特別地區(qū)受歡迎。故選D項。2.主旨大意題。依據(jù)第三段“ThedevicemakesuseofthetemperaturedifferencebetweenEarthandouterspace.Itthenusesthatdifferencetocreateelectricity.Aslongasonesideofitiscoolerthantheother，thegeneratorcanproduceelectricity.Thecoolersidefacestheskyandisattachedtoanaluminumplate.Thatplateissealedbeneathatransparent(透亮的)coverandsurroundedwithinsulation(隔熱材料)tokeepoutheat.Thebottomofthegeneratorisattachedtoanexposedaluminumplate.Thatplateiswarmedbythelocalair.Atnight，thetopplatecangetacoupleofdegreesCelsiuscoolerthanthebottomofthegenerator.”可知，該裝置利用地球和外層空間的溫差。然后它利用這種差異來發(fā)電。只要它的一邊比另一邊冷，發(fā)電機就能發(fā)電。較冷的一面面朝天空，與一塊鋁板相連。那塊板被密封在一個透亮的蓋子下面，四周有保溫材料來阻擋熱量。發(fā)電機的底部連接在一塊暴露的鋁板上。那個盤子被當(dāng)?shù)氐目諝饧訜?。晚上，頂板的溫度比發(fā)電機底部的溫度低幾攝氏度。由此可推知第三段主要講了這個設(shè)備發(fā)電的主要工作原理。故選C項。3.細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中“Todothat，thesystemmightneedmoreinsulationaroundthecooltopplate”可知，此處Todothat是指前一句“讓這裝置產(chǎn)生更多的電量”。因此，該裝置系統(tǒng)須要在上面的金屬板四周安裝更多的隔熱材料才可以產(chǎn)生更多的電能。故選A項。4.主旨大意題。文章第一段“Anewdeviceworkslikeasolarpanel，exceptthatitdoesn’tharvestenergyfromthesun.Itabsorbsenergyfromthecoldnightsky.”一種新的裝置像太陽能電池板一樣工作，只是它不從太陽獲得能量。它從寒冷的夜空汲取能量。點明白文章主題，結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了一項最新的科研獨創(chuàng)，這種科技可以從寒冷的夜空中收集能量，然后通過利用地表和遠處空間的溫差來產(chǎn)生電能。所以短文的最佳標(biāo)題為“利用寒冷的夜空發(fā)電的裝置”。故選A項。其次節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Talkingtoyourselfmayseemalittleshameful.Accordingtothewell-knownsaying,talkingtoyourselfisthefirstsignofmadness,___16___Talkingtoourselves,whetheroutloudorsilentlyinourheads,isavaluabletoolforthought.Farfrombeingmentallyill,self-talkallowsustoplanwhatwearegoingtodo,manageouractivities,regulateouremotionsandevencreateadescriptionofourexperience.___17___Aschildren,accordingtotheRussianpsychologistLevVygotsky,weuseprivatespeechtoregulateouractionsinthesamewaythatweusepublicspeechtocontrolthebehaviorofothers.___18___Psychologicalexperimentshaveshownthattheprivatespeechcanimproveourperformanceontasksrangingfromjudgingwhatotherpeoplearethinkingtosortingimagesintocategories.Onerecentstudysuggestedthatself-talkismosteffectivewhenweaddressourselvesinthesecondperson,as“you”ratherthan“I”.___19___Ifyouwantproof,turnonthesportschannel.You’recertaintoseeanathleteortwocheeringthemselvesupwithabitterphraseorscoldingthemselvesafterabadshot.Conductadialoguewithourselves.___20___Theprivatespeechseemstobeaparticularlygoodwayofsolvingproblemsandworkingthroughideas.Theto-and-frobetweendifferentpointsofviewmeansourthoughtscanendupinexpectedplaces,justlikearegulardialoguecan,andmightturnouttobeoneofthekeyslohumancreativity.A.Whatisprivatespeech?B.Butthereisnoneedforembarrassment.C.Psychologistsrefertothisasprivatespeech.D.Askquestionsoftheselfandprovideanswers.E.Wedoalotofprivatespeechwhenweareyoung.F.Aswegrowolder,wemaketheprivatespeechbecomethewayofblinking,G.Althoughtheprivatespeechiseffective,weneverentirelyputawaytheout-loudspeech.【答案】16.B17.C18.F19.G20.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。自言自語好像顯得有點丟人。自言自語非但不代表精神失常，而且恰恰相反，它有助于我們規(guī)劃要做的事情和管控自己的各種活動和心情，甚至還能創(chuàng)作一段關(guān)于自己經(jīng)驗的故事。【16題詳解】依據(jù)上文“用人們熟知的話來說，自言自語是變瘋的第一跡象?！币约翱崭窈蟆白匝宰哉Z——無論是大聲說出還是在心中默念——都很有價值，是思索的一種工具?！钡弥崭裉幈硎巨D(zhuǎn)折，盡管大家以為自言自語不好，但你不必感到尷尬。故選B?！?7題詳解】依據(jù)上文“自言自語有助于我們規(guī)劃要做的事情和管控自己的各種活動和心情，甚至還能創(chuàng)作一段關(guān)于自己經(jīng)驗的故事?！钡弥崭裉幈硎究偨Y(jié)：心理學(xué)家將這種行為稱作私下話語。故選C?！?8題詳解】依據(jù)下文“心理學(xué)試驗已經(jīng)表明，這種所謂的內(nèi)在言語可以提高我們處理一些事情的實力，比如從推斷別人在想什么，到把圖片分門別類?！钡弥崭裉幈硎具^渡：隨著我們年齡的增長，我們并沒有放棄這個體系——我們把它內(nèi)化了。故選F?！?9題詳解】依據(jù)下文舉例“打開體育頻道，你肯定會看到有那么一兩個運動員在對自己說著鼓勁兒話，或是在沒投中球后狠狠地責(zé)怪自己?！钡弥崭裉幈硎巨D(zhuǎn)折：我們內(nèi)化了在孩童時期運用的私下話語，但我們卻從未完全放棄大聲說出的方式。故選G?！?0題詳解】依據(jù)空上文“與自己進行對話?！钡弥崭裉幊薪由衔谋硎荆鹤詥栕源鸷孟袷且环N很好的解決問題和理清想法的方式。故選D。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Onacoldwintermorning,anoldmansatawkwardlyagainstawallatSydney'sCircularQuaystation.Iglancedforamomentbut___21___himandwalkedontomyofficeasI___22___hewasaderelict(流浪漢).Onmywaybackthatafternoon,inthe___23___placeIsawanambulanceandthemanwasbeingattendedbytwonurses.Asamatteroffact,hewasn'taderelictbutaworker,who___24___fellillonhiswaytowork.AwaveofshameshockedmewhenIrealizedthatsick,oldmanhadputwiththe___25___oftheentiredayHeprobablyreachedouttopassers-byforhelp.NOonstopped.Noone___26___.AdifferentseasonandIagain___27___anoldmanhalflyingonthefootpath.Caughtupinthe___28___rushofpeoplecommuting,Iwouldhave___29___himquicklyasIhaddonebefore.However,the___30___oftheoldWinterManforcedmetowalktothemanonheground,whowasdressesinsmartclothesbutlifeless.IbentdowntoaskwhetherhewasOK.He___31___consciousnessagain,andtoldmehewasfeelingdizzyand___32___metocallanambulanceforhim,whichIdid.Veryweak,hesaidtome,inwhisper,"Nobodystopped.Thankyou."Ilookedintohiseyesforamomentin___33___,butmuchwasspokenwithoutawordbeingsaid.Astheapproachingambulanceannouncedthearrivalofhelp,anumberof___34___rushedatme:sadnessfortheWinterManand___35___thatIdidn'twalkpastanotherpersoninneed.Iwasamazedthatithadbeensoeasytobehelpful.21.A.ignored B.recognized C.comforted D.understood22.A.announced B.proved C.learnt D.thought23.A.first B.same C.public D.next24.A.nearly B.finally C.suddenly D.immediately25.A.violence B.coldness C.tiredness D.anger26.A.served B.liked C.knew D.cared27.A.cameacross B.gaveup C.lookedfor D.focusedon28.A.frequent B.crazy C.usual D.gradual29.A.greeted B.found C.followed D.passed30.A.guidance B.memory C.expression D.comment31A.gained B.returned C.lost D.received32.A.forced B.allowed C.instructed D.asked33.A.surprise B.excitement C.silence D.pain34.A.dreams B.emotions C.plans D.opinions35.A.relief B.shock C.luck D.regret【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.C25.B26.D27.A28.C29.D30.B31.A32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】這是一篇記敘文。在一個寒冷的冬天早晨，作者看到一個老人倒在路上但是選擇了忽視，結(jié)果回家時在同一地點看到了一輛救援車，那個人正由兩個護士照料著。作者意識到這個生病的老人已經(jīng)忍受了一成天的寒冷時，一陣慚愧之感使自己震驚。后來作者又遇到一位老人半躺在人行道上，選擇伸出了援手，為自己沒有走過另一個須要幫助的人而感到寬慰?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我瞥了他一眼，但沒理他，徑直走進我的辦公室，因為我以為他是一個流浪漢。A.ignored忽視；B.recognized識別；C.comforted勸慰；D.understood理解。依據(jù)后文“himandwalkedontomyoffice”可知作者忽視了這個倒在路上的老人。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我瞥了他一眼，但沒理他，徑直走進我的辦公室，因為我以為他是一個流浪漢。A.announced宣布；B.proved證明；C.learnt學(xué)習(xí)；D.thought以為，思索。依據(jù)后文“hewasaderelict”可知作者之所以忽視了這個人，是因為作者以為他是個流浪漢。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那天下午，在回家的路上，我在同一地點看到了一輛救援車，那個人正由兩個護士照料著。A.first最重要的；B.same同樣的；C.public公眾的；D.next貼近的。依據(jù)后文“Isawanambulanceandthemanwasbeingattendedbytwonurses”可知作者看到早上那個倒在路上的人由兩個護士照料著，說明是在早上的同一個地點看到的。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：事實上，他不是一個流浪漢，而是一個在上班路上突然生病的工人。A.nearly差不多；B.finally最終；C.suddenly突然；D.immediately馬上。依據(jù)后文“fellillonhiswaytowork”可知老人是在上班路上突然生病的。故選C。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我意識到這個生病的老人已經(jīng)忍受了一成天的寒冷時，一陣慚愧之感使我震驚。A.violence暴力；B.coldness寒冷；C.tiredness乏累；D.anger生氣。對應(yīng)第一段中“Onacoldwintermorning”指老人忍受了一天的寒冷。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：沒人在乎。A.served服務(wù)；B.liked喜愛；C.knew知道；D.cared關(guān)切，在乎。依據(jù)上文“Heprobablyreachedouttopassers-byforhelp.NOonestopped.”可知過往的人沒有停下來幫助這個人，因為沒人在乎或是關(guān)切這個人。故選D。【27題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：一個不同的季節(jié)，我又遇到一位老人半躺在人行道上。A.cameacross偶遇；B.gaveup放棄；C.lookedfor找尋；D.focusedon集中于。依據(jù)后文“anoldmanhalflyingonthefootpath”可知作者又偶然遇到了一個倒在路上的老人。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：沉湎于平常上下班的人流中，我猶如以前一樣快速走過他。A.frequent常見的；B.crazy瘋狂的；C.usual通常的；D.gradual漸漸的。依據(jù)后文“rushofpeoplecommuting”可知作者行走在和平常一樣上下班的人群中。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：沉湎于平常上下班的人流中，我以猶如以前一樣快速走過他。A.greeted問候；B.found找到；C.followed跟隨；D.passed經(jīng)過。依據(jù)后文“himquicklyasIhaddonebefore”以及最終一段中“Ididn'twalkpastanotherperson”可知，作者原來準(zhǔn)備和以前一樣干脆走過這個須要幫助的人。故選D。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，對冬天老人的回憶迫使我走向地上的那個人，他穿著美麗的衣服，卻毫無生氣。A.guidance指導(dǎo)；B.memory記憶；C.expression表達；D.comment評論。依據(jù)后文“oftheoldWinterManforcedmetowalktothemanontheground”可知作者想起了那個冬天倒在路上的老人，所以對冬天老人的回憶迫使作者走向地上的那個人。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他復(fù)原了知覺，告知我他感到頭暈，讓我?guī)退芯仍?，我照做了。A.gained復(fù)原，獲得；B.returned返回；C.lost失去；D.received收到。結(jié)合后文“consciousnessagain,andtoldmehewasfeelingdizzy”可知倒在路上的人，復(fù)原了知覺，和作者說話。故選A。32題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他復(fù)原了知覺，告知我他感到頭暈，讓我?guī)退芯仍?，我照做了。A.forced迫使；B.allowed允許；C.instructed指示；D.asked詢問，懇求。依據(jù)后文“metocallanambulanceforhim”可知這人身體不適，所以懇求作者幫他叫救援車。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我靜默地看著他的眼睛，但一句話也沒說。A.surprise驚喜；B.excitement激烈；C.silence緘默；D.pain苦痛。依據(jù)后文“withoutawordbeingsaid”可知作者一句話也沒說，只是靜默地看著這人。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著救援車向我宣布救援的到來時，很多心情涌上心頭：我為那個冬天的人感到難受；我為自己沒有走過另一個須要幫助的人而感到寬慰。A.dreams幻想；B.emotions情感；C.plans支配；D.opinions觀點。依據(jù)后文“sadnessfortheWinterMan”可知作者幫助了這人之后，內(nèi)心心情翻涌，為那個冬天的人感到難受。故選B。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)救援車向我宣布救援的到來時，很多心情涌上心頭：我為那個冬天的人感到難受；我為自己沒有走過另一個須要幫助的人而感到寬慰。A.relief減輕，寬慰；B.shock震驚；C.luck運氣；D.regret懊悔。結(jié)合后文“thatIdidn'twalkpastanotherpersoninneed.Iwasamazedthatithadbeensoeasytobehelpful.”可知作者這次沒有像上次一樣，干脆走過了那個須要幫助的人，因此是對幫助了別人感到寬慰。故選A。第II卷其次節(jié)(共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。In1956,BiketoWorkDay,with___36___aimofpromotingthebicycleasaseriouschoiceofgettingtoandfromwork,wasstartedbytheLeagueofAmericanBicyclists.Itis___37___(annual)heldacrossNorthAmericaonthethirdFridayofMay.Intoday'sworld___38___globalwarmingisaseriousissue,thebicycleisaperfectwayofreducingourcarbonfootprint.Cyclingtoworkis___39___(healthy)thandrivingortakingpublictransport.Itcannotonlysaveyoumoneybutalso___40___(able)youtobemorecreativeonceyougettowork,thusimprovingyourperformance.Bicyclesarethemostcommonformoftransportintheworldandthereareabouttwobillioninuseworldwide,___41___(make)thebicyclethemostpopularinventionever.Whenwethinkofsomecountries,___42___theNetherlands,weimaginehundredsofpeoplecyclingeverywhere.Eveninhigh-techJapan,___43___isimpossiblenottoseebusinessmen,farmers,mothersorworkersinthestreetsontheirbikes.Bicycles___44___(invent)inthe19thcenturyhaven'tchangedmuchsince.Today,weusebicyclesforpleasure,fitness,Olympiccompetitions,mail___45___(deliver)andlotsmore.Withoutthebicycle,muchoftheworldmightstopworking!【答案】36.the37.annually38.where39.healthier40.enable41.making42.like43.it44.invented45.delivery【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。介紹了騎自行車的好處。自行車是世界上最常見的交通工具，全世界大約有20億輛自行車，這使得自行車成為有史以來最受歡迎的獨創(chuàng)。騎車上班是一項健康的選擇?！驹斀狻?.考查冠詞。句意：“自行車上班日”是由美國自行車協(xié)會在1956年發(fā)起的，目的是將自行車作為一種肅穆的工作選擇。withtheaimof以為目標(biāo)，故填the。2.考查副詞。句意：每年5月的第三個星期五，在北美各地實行。依據(jù)下文“heldacrossNorthAmerica”，可知此處要用副詞修飾后面的動詞held，所以填副詞annually。故填annually。3.考查定語從句。句意：在當(dāng)今世界，全球變暖是一個嚴峻的問題，自行車是削減我們碳蹤跡的完備方式。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知，world是先行詞，將先行詞代入后面的定語從句中，在從句中做地點狀語，所以用關(guān)系副詞where，故填where。4.考查形容詞比較級。句意：與開車或乘坐公共交通工具相比，騎車上班是一項更健康的選擇。依據(jù)下文中“than”可知，此處表示和開車及公共交通方式相比，所以此處用比較級。形容詞healthy的比較級為healthier，故填healthier。5.考查形容詞。句意：它不僅能幫你省錢，還能讓你在工作后更有創(chuàng)建力，從而提高你的表現(xiàn)。分析句子可知，本句中用到了并列結(jié)構(gòu)：notonly...butalso...，意為“不僅而且”，所以空白處形式應(yīng)當(dāng)和謂語“save”一樣，也用動詞原形，形容詞able的動詞為enable，故填enable。6.考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：自行車是世界上最常見的交通工具，全世界大約有20億輛自行車，這使得自行車成為有史以來最受歡迎的獨創(chuàng)。分析句子可知，此處是現(xiàn)在分詞做結(jié)果狀語，表示自然而然的結(jié)果，故填making。7.考查介詞。句意：當(dāng)我們想到一些國家，比如荷蘭，我們想象著成百上千的人騎自行車到處跑。依據(jù)上文“Whenwethinkofsomecountries,”及下文中“theNetherlands”可知，此處表示列舉，介詞like，意為“像”，符合題意。故填like。8.考查it作形式主語。句意：不行能看不到商人、農(nóng)夫、母親或工人騎著自行車在街上行走。分析句子可知，句式“It+is/was+形容詞+todosth.”，不定式為真正的主語，it為形式主語。本句中真正的主語是后面的動詞不定式，所以此處是it做形式主語，故填it。9.考查非謂語。句意：自行車是在19世紀(jì)獨創(chuàng)的，從那以后就沒有什么變更了。分析句子可知，本句中已有謂語“haven'tchanged”，所以此處要用非謂語；句子主語“Bicycles”與動詞“invent”為動賓關(guān)系，所以要用過去分詞做后置定語，故填invented。10.考查名詞。句意：今日，我們用自行車來消遣，健身，奧林匹克競賽，郵件遞送等等。分析句子，結(jié)合上文中“for”，可知此處要用名詞作賓語，和之前的名詞“pleasure,fitness,Olympiccompetitions,”構(gòu)成并列，故填delivery。第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假定你是李華，最近你的美國摯友Leo在與父母相處的過程中遇到一些困惑，溝通也出現(xiàn)問題。他心情不佳，來信尋求你的幫助和建議。請依據(jù)以下要點給他寫一封信：1.勸慰摯友；2.介紹自己與家人溝通的狀況；3.提出改善家庭關(guān)系的建議。留意:1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細微環(huán)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearLeo,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bestregards,LiHua【答案】DearLeo,Iamsorrytohearaboutyourcommunicationproblemswithyourparents,butIknowhowyoufeelsinceI'vehadsimilarproblemsbefore.Icanoffersomeusefulsuggestionsbasedonmyownexperience.First,let'sputourselvesintheirshoes.Parentsloveusandoftentrytopreventusmakingmistakesthatseemobvioustothem.Whenweshareourproblemswiththem,weoftenlookforalisteningearandanopenheart,notasolution.Therefore,whatyouneedistotellthemaboutthisdifferenceandtrustthem.Ihopethesesuggestionswillmakeadifferencetoyou.Bestregards,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇書面表達屬于應(yīng)用文，要求考生給美國摯友Leo寫封信，他在與父母相處過程中遇到一些困惑，溝通也出現(xiàn)問題，你就此向他提出一些建議?！驹斀狻康谝徊剑簩忣}體裁：應(yīng)用文時態(tài)：依據(jù)提示，時態(tài)主要為一般現(xiàn)在時和一般將來時。結(jié)構(gòu)：總分法總分法指把主題句作為總說，把支持句作為分說，并以這種方式支配所寫內(nèi)容。要求：1.勸慰摯友；2.介紹自己與家人溝通的狀況；3.提出改善家庭關(guān)系的建議。其次步:列提綱（重點詞組）hearabout;communication;similar;usefulsuggestion;putoneselfinone’sshoes;prevent;obvious;share…with;lookfor;solution;trust;make