廣東省廣州市番禺區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題（解析版）

2023學(xué)年第二學(xué)期高一年級教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測英語本試卷共12頁，滿分150分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、學(xué)校、班級、座位號、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上，并用2B鉛筆在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置填涂考生號。2.作答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑;如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案，答案不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上;如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案;不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案無效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWelcometoEpcot’sFestivaloftheArtsFestivalInformationHeldannuallyatWaltDisneyWorldResort,Epcot’sFestivaloftheArtsinvolvesvariousactivitiesfromviewingartexhibitsandparticipatingininteractiveworkshopstoenjoyingcreativeandcolorfulfooddishes.PopularEventsExpressionSection:APaintbyNumbersMural(壁畫)Itisalarge-scale,community-drivenartprojectwhereparentsandtheirkidscancontributetoamassivemuralbypaintingsectionsofit.VisittheExpressionSectionboothtopickuppaintandabrush.Then,paintafewsquaresthatcancorrespondwithyourpaintcolor.ArtfulPhotoOpsThisisanopportunityforkidstotakefunfamilypicturesagainstthebackgroundofvariousmuralsandinteractive3DartequipmentthroughoutEpcot’sFestivaloftheArts.Findthesestep-inframesaroundEPCOT:InternationalGateway:LuncheonoftheBoatingPartyMexicoPavilion:AnHomagetoFridaKahloAnimation(動畫制作)AcademyThisisahands-onworkshopwhereyouandyourkidscanlearntodrawbelovedDisneycharacters,guidedbyarealDisneyartist.It’sauniqueopportunityforyourkidstomakegooduseoftheircreativity.ThisexperiencetakesplaceinAmericaGardensTheatre.KidsChalkArtItisaninteractiveartexperiencewherekidscanwatchimpressivechalkbecreatedrightbeforetheireyesandevenparticipateincreatingsomechalkartthemselves.ThisexperienceisofferedatthebridgetoWorldShowcasePlaza.TicketPricesStandarddate-basedticketsareoffered,whichrequiresyoutochooseastartdate.Oneticketperdayforanadultcosts$120andkidsunder12getperticketwith20%off.Youcansave$20perticketifyoupurchase3-dayorlongertickets!1.WhatisafeatureofEpcot’sFestivaloftheArts?A.Itis3D-centered. B.Itisfood-themed.C.Itismonthlyheld. D.Itiskid-friendly.2.WherecanvisitorspaintDisneycharactersundertheguidanceofanartist?A.InternationalGateway. B.WorldShowcasePlaza.C.AmericaGardensTheatre. D.TheExpressionSectionbooth.3.Howmuchdoacoupleandakidofsevenpayfortheone-daytickets?A.$300. B.$336. C.$340. D.$360.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了Epcot藝術(shù)節(jié)的相關(guān)信息?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章表格中第二行“Thisisanopportunityforkidstotakefunfamilypicturesagainstthebackgroundofvariousmuralsandinteractive3DartequipmentthroughoutEpcot’sFestivaloftheArts.(這是一個機(jī)會，讓孩子們在各種壁畫和互動3D藝術(shù)設(shè)備的背景下拍攝有趣的家庭照片)”和第三行“Thisisahands-onworkshopwhereyouandyourkidscanlearntodrawbelovedDisneycharacters,guidedbyarealDisneyartist.(這是一個動手車間，你和你的孩子可以學(xué)習(xí)繪制心愛的迪斯尼人物，由一個真正的迪斯尼藝術(shù)家的指導(dǎo))”和第四行“Itisaninteractiveartexperiencewherekidscanwatchimpressivechalkbecreatedrightbeforetheireyesandevenparticipateincreatingsomechalkartthemselves.(這是一種互動的藝術(shù)體驗(yàn)，孩子們可以在他們眼前觀看令人印象深刻的粉筆創(chuàng)作，甚至自己參與創(chuàng)作一些粉筆藝術(shù))”可知，Epcot藝術(shù)節(jié)的特色是兒童友好型。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章表格中第三行“Thisisahands-onworkshopwhereyouandyourkidscanlearntodrawbelovedDisneycharacters,guidedbyarealDisneyartist.

It’sauniqueopportunityforyourkidstomakegooduseoftheircreativity.ThisexperiencetakesplaceinAmericaGardensTheatre.(這是一個動手車間，你和你的孩子可以學(xué)習(xí)繪制心愛的迪斯尼人物，由一個真正的迪斯尼藝術(shù)家的指導(dǎo)。這是一個獨(dú)特的機(jī)會，讓你的孩子充分利用他們的創(chuàng)造力。這種體驗(yàn)在美國花園劇院上演)”可知，在藝術(shù)家的指導(dǎo)下，游客可以在美國花園劇院畫迪士尼人物。故選C項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Oneticketperdayforanadultcosts$120andkidsunder12getperticketwith20%off.Youcansave$20perticketifyoupurchase3-dayorlongertickets!(成人每天一張票120美元，12歲以下兒童每張票打8折。如果你購買3天或更長時間的票，每張票可以節(jié)省20美元!)”可知，一對夫婦和一個七歲的孩子買一天的票需要的錢數(shù)為：120+120+120*0.8=336美元。故選B項(xiàng)。BWeareinWollemiNationalPark,northofSydney,Australia.It’sSeptember1994.Imagineaforestranger(護(hù)林員)walkinginthewilderness.HisnameisDavidNoble.Heclimbsdowntoaremotedeepvalleyandseessomethingthathewillneverforget.Infrontofhimisastrangeforestofunusualtrees.Thetallestarealmost40metershigh,andthebasediameter(底部直徑)oftheirtrunksisaboutonemeter.Thetreesdonothavetheleavesthatweusuallyseeandlookabitlikegiantferns(蕨類植物)withgreenbranches.Deeplyimpressedbytheunusualtrees,Davidpicksupadrybranchfromthegroundandputsitinhisbackpack.Hestaysunderthesestrangetreesforawhileandthencontinueshishike.David’schancefindingthatdaybecameoneofthemostsignificantbotanicalfindsin100years,astheancienttreespecieswasthoughttobeextinctmillionsofyearsago.Infact,itissounbelievablyrarethatithassincebeencomparedwithfindingasmalldinosaurstillaliveonEarth.SothereareancientdinosaurtreesinWollemiNationalPark.ThetreeisnamedWollemiaNobilis.TheParktakesimmediateactiontoprotectthetrees.Onlyafewresearchersareallowedtoseethem.Theyaretakentothedeepvalleybyhelicopter,andbeforetheygetthere,theireyesarecovered.Crowdsofvisitorswillnodoubtdestroythetrees,butnaturaldisasters,forexample,forestfires,canalsothreatenthem.Wearenowin2024,andtheWollemiaenvironmentalprotectioneffortisinfullswing.Wollemiaseedsareonsale.YoungWollemiaspopupinhomes,gardensandparksaroundtheworld.Thosewhowanttoseetheendangeredspeciesdon’thavetosearchfortheirnaturalhabitat.Instead,theycanseethetreesinparksclosertohome.4.WhatmakesDavidpayspecialattentiontothetrees?A.Theirhabitat. B.Theirsize.C.Theirhistory. D.Theirfeatures.5.WhyisthediscoveryofWollemiaNobilisconsideredimportant?A.Itisregardedasthemostpreciousplant.B.Itwasbelievedtobeanextinctspecies.C.Itlooksmuchmorelikeasmalldinosaur.D.Ithasgrowninthedeepvalleyforcenturies.6.WhatactiondoestheParktaketoprotectthetrees?A.Employingstrictaccessmeasures.B.Permittingnobodytoentertheirhabitat.C.Encouragingresearcherstoclonethem.D.Relocatingthetreestopreventforestfires.7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TimelessTrees:AnAustralianMysteryB.TheHiddenForest:DiscoveredinAustraliaC.LostandFound:Australia’sPrehistoricSurvivorD.AncientFerns:ADiscoveryinAustralia’sWild【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了護(hù)林員DavidNoble在1994年在沃勒米國家公園發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種被認(rèn)為已滅絕的古老樹種——鳳尾杉。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)極為重要，公園采取了保護(hù)措施。到了2024年，鳳尾杉已經(jīng)被廣泛種植，使得這種瀕危物種在世界各地的公園中得以被觀賞?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thetallestarealmost40metershigh,andthebasediameter(底部直徑)oftheirtrunksisaboutonemeter.Thetreesdonothavetheleavesthatweusuallyseeandlookabitlikegiantferns(蕨類植物)withgreenbranches.(最高的將近40米高，樹干底部直徑約為1米。這些樹沒有我們通?？吹降娜~子，看起來有點(diǎn)像長著綠色樹枝的巨大蕨類植物)”可知，這些樹與眾不同的特征讓David特別注意到它們。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“David’schancefindingthatdaybecameoneofthemostsignificantbotanicalfindsin100years,astheancienttreespecieswasthoughttobeextinctmillionsofyearsago.(David那天的偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)成為100年來最重要的植物學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)之一，因?yàn)檫@種古老的樹種被認(rèn)為在數(shù)百萬年前就滅絕了)”可知，鳳尾杉的發(fā)現(xiàn)被認(rèn)為重要的原因在于它被認(rèn)為是一種滅絕的物種。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“TheParktakesimmediateactiontoprotectthetrees.Onlyafewresearchersareallowedtoseethem.Theyaretakentothedeepvalleybyhelicopter,andbeforetheygetthere,theireyesarecovered.(公園立即采取行動保護(hù)樹木。只有少數(shù)研究人員可以看到它們。他們被直升機(jī)帶到深谷，在他們到達(dá)之前，他們的眼睛被遮住)”可知，該公園采用嚴(yán)格的準(zhǔn)入措施，以保護(hù)該樹種。故選A項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第三段“David’schancefindingthatdaybecameoneofthemostsignificantbotanicalfindsin100years,astheancienttreespecieswasthoughttobeextinctmillionsofyearsago.Infact,itissounbelievablyrarethatithassincebeencomparedwithfindingasmalldinosaurstillaliveonEarth.(David那天的偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)成為100年來最重要的植物學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)之一，因?yàn)檫@種古老的樹種被認(rèn)為在數(shù)百萬年前就滅絕了。事實(shí)上，它是如此罕見，以至于人們把它與在地球上發(fā)現(xiàn)一種仍然活著的小恐龍相提并論)”可知，文章圍繞鳳尾杉展開，介紹了這一被認(rèn)為已滅絕的古老樹種的發(fā)現(xiàn)、保護(hù)和繁盛的情況。因此，C項(xiàng)“遺失與發(fā)現(xiàn)：澳大利亞的史前幸存者”契合文章主旨，適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。CIn1998,IheadedfromasmalltowninSouthWalestoSheffieldUniversity.Sheffield,theUK’sfourthbiggestcity,haditall—clubs,bars,andtheaters.Itwasahugecontrasttomyhometown,whichhadn’thadacinemauntil1997.Sheffieldhadvariouschoices—IthoughtI’dloveit.ButImissedtheWyeValleyoccasionally.Overtime,Isettled.NowI’velivedinSheffieldlongerthaninmyhometown.YetnomatterhowhappyIaminmyadoptedcity,there’salwaysadesiretoreturntoWales.Thesimpleansweristhattheideaofhomedoesn’tnecessarilyrelatetotimespentinaplace—instead,itisaboutaspecialconnectionandafeelingofsafety.“Homesicknessusuallycomesfrombeingsomewherethatdoesn’tquitefeellikehome,”sayspsychologistWendyDignan.“Ashumans,wecreateasafezone(地帶).Somepeoplemaynotbeparticularlyattached(依戀)toaplace,sotheyalwaysfeelsafe.However,others’safezonemightbeaparticularplace,ahome,orafamiliarperson,theabsenceofwhichmayleadtohomes?ckness.”Therearethingsyoucanhelpyourselfifyouarestrugglingwithhomesickness.Dignansuggestsgoingtothesamecoffeeshoporgymatacertaintimetobuildapatternoffamiliaritybecause,itisausefultoolforovercominghomesicknessandbuildingthatall-importantsafezone.Whensomuchinourlivesisunpredictable,itisnosurprisethatwecravesafezone.I’mfortunatetohavealovingfamily,supportivefriends,andacomfortablehomeinSheffield,buthowevermuchIlovemylifehere,there’saninnerpartofmethatwillforeverbeinWales.8.Whichwordcanbestdescribetheauthor’shometown?A.Underdeveloped. B.Well-designed.C.Well-known. D.Overpopulated.9.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Thedifferenttypesofsafezones.B.Thecauseforpeople’shomesickness.C.Thevalueofovercominghomesickness.D.Psychologicalimpactsofhomesickness.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“crave”meaninparagraph4?A.Improve. B.Oppose. C.Support. D.Desire.11.Whatcanweknowfromtheauthor’sexperience?A.Loveoftenbeginsinourhometown.B.Homesicknesscanbeeasilyavoided.C.Hometownmeansasenseofbelonging.D.Nevershouldweleaveourhometown.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者離開家鄉(xiāng)后，非常想念家鄉(xiāng)，后來在心理學(xué)家的幫助下，作者慢慢克服了思鄉(xiāng)癥?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Sheffield,theUK’sfourthbiggestcity,haditall—clubs,bars,andtheaters.Itwasahugecontrasttomyhometown,whichhadn’thadacinemauntil1997.

(謝菲爾德是英國第四大城市，擁有一切——俱樂部、酒吧和劇院。這與我的家鄉(xiāng)形成了巨大的對比，我的家鄉(xiāng)直到1997年才有電影院)”可知，作者的家鄉(xiāng)欠發(fā)達(dá)。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“However,others’safezonemightbeaparticularplace,ahome,orafamiliarperson,theabsenceofwhichmayleadtohomes?ckness.(然而，其他人的安全區(qū)可能是一個特定的地方，一個家，或一個熟悉的人，沒有這些可能會導(dǎo)致思鄉(xiāng)癥)”可知，本段主要介紹了導(dǎo)致思鄉(xiāng)癥的原因。故選B。10題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)前文“Dignansuggestsgoingtothesamecoffeeshoporgymatacertaintimetobuildapatternoffamiliaritybecause,itisausefultoolforovercominghomesicknessandbuildingthatall-importantsafezone.(Dignan建議在特定的時間去同一家咖啡店或健身房，建立一種熟悉的模式，因?yàn)檫@是克服思鄉(xiāng)癥和建立最重要的安全區(qū)的有用工具)”可知，前文講述了在某個地方建立熟悉模式，建立重要的安全區(qū)來克服思想癥，因此推斷畫線句句意為：當(dāng)我們的生活中有如此多的事情是不可預(yù)測的時候，我們渴望安全區(qū)也就不足為奇了。畫線詞與D項(xiàng)意思相近，故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Thesimpleansweristhattheideaofhomedoesn’tnecessarilyrelatetotimespentinaplace—instead,itisaboutaspecialconnectionandafeelingofsafety.(簡單的回答是，家的概念并不一定與在一個地方度過的時間有關(guān)，相反，它是一種特殊的聯(lián)系和一種安全感。)”以及最后一段“I’mfortunatetohavealovingfamily,supportivefriends,andacomfortablehomeinSheffield,buthowevermuchIlovemylifehere,there’saninnerpartofmethatwillforeverbeinWales.(我很幸運(yùn)，在謝菲爾德有一個充滿愛的家庭、支持我的朋友和一個舒適的家，但無論我多么熱愛這里的生活，我內(nèi)心的一部分將永遠(yuǎn)留在威爾士。)”可知，從作者的經(jīng)歷可推斷，家鄉(xiāng)意味著一種歸屬感。故選C。DTheadvantageofprintedtextsoverdigitaloneshasbeenseeninmanypreviousstudies,andeducationpsychologistsevenhaveanameforthephenomenon:the“screeninferiorityeffect”,whichreferstothephenomenonwherestudents,andothers,seemtounderstandmorewhenreadingprintedtexts.However,byandlarge,previousstudieshavecomparedprintreadingtoreadingonacomputerscreen,notthehandhelddevicesmodernstudentsuseformostoftheirreading.LadislaoSalmerón,aresearcherofeducationalpsychologyattheUniversityofValenciainSpain,andhisworkmateswantedtoseeifthescreeninferiorityeffectoccursifyoufocusonhandhelddevices.Sotheysearchedexistingstudiesandanalyzedonlydatasetscomparingprintreadingtoreadingonhandhelddevices.Finally,theylookedatdozensofstudies,poolingresultsfrommorethan100,000students.Aswithpreviousresearch,theyfoundstudentswhoreadprintedtextsconstantlyperformedslightlybetter.Althoughsmall,Salmerónstresses,theeffectobservedcouldbeofgreatsignificance.“Inexplainingthis,wemustconsiderthatchildreninschoolsreadeveryday,hesays.“Sothiseffectcouldbebuiltupovertime.”Somescientistsaretryingtounderstandthereasonsforthescreeninferiorityeffect.Onetheorycalledtheshallowinghypothesis(假說)assumesthatwhenreadingondigitaldevices,peoplearegenerallydoingsoforshortperiodsoftimeandreadingshortpiecesoftext,causingthemtobelessefficient.Anothertheoryholdsthatfeelingeachpageandrememberingwhetheritwasatthebeginningofthebookortheendcanhelpconnectwithyourmemory.Butneithertheoryhasbeenproven.Accordingtothisstudy,Salmerónsays,“First,printedtextsshouldn’tbequit.Second,teachersshouldconsiderthegoalsofthetaskswhendecidingwhichreadingmediumtouse.”Headds,“Tablets(平板電腦)maybewell-suitedforinternetquestioningtasks,butpapershouldbefavouredtopromoteunderstandingoflongtexts.”12.WhatdroveSalmerónandhisworkmatestoconductthenewstudy?A.Effectsofdigitaldevicesoneducation.B.Challengesbroughtbyreadingdevices.C.Impactsofthescreeninferiorityeffect.D.Onepointignoredbypreviousresearch.13.HowdidSalmerónandhisworkmatesmaketheirdiscovery?A.Byconductingexperiments.B.Byreferringtopastresearch.C.Byobservingcarefullyinlife.D.Byinterviewingmanystudents.14.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytellusaboutthepositiveeffectofprintreading?A.Itscauseremainsunclear.B.Ittendstolastalongtime.C.Ithelpstoimproveone’smemory.D.Itsexistencehasn’tbeenconfirmed.15.WhatcanbeinferredfromSalmerón’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Thestudyprovidesdirectionsforeducators.B.Thestudyadvisespeopletoreadtabletsmore.C.Thestudyoverstatesthedemandforprintedtexts.D.Thestudyfocusesonhowtounderstandlongtexts.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。通過新的手持設(shè)備閱讀與印刷文本閱讀的對比研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)閱讀印刷文本的學(xué)生表現(xiàn)依舊稍好，同時探討了“屏幕劣勢效應(yīng)”產(chǎn)生的可能原因及相關(guān)理論，最終給出不應(yīng)放棄印刷文本以及教師應(yīng)根據(jù)任務(wù)目標(biāo)選擇合適閱讀媒介的建議?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“However,byandlarge,previousstudieshavecomparedprintreadingtoreadingonacomputerscreen,notthehandhelddevicesmodernstudentsuseformostoftheirreading.(然而，總的來說，以前的研究將印刷閱讀與在計(jì)算機(jī)屏幕上閱讀進(jìn)行了比較，而不是現(xiàn)代學(xué)生用于大部分閱讀的手持設(shè)備。)”可知，Salmerón和他的同事們進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)新研究的動機(jī)是因?yàn)橹暗难芯亢雎粤吮容^印刷閱讀和手持設(shè)備閱讀的效果。故選D項(xiàng)。13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Sotheysearchedexistingstudiesandanalyzedonlydatasetscomparingprintreadingtoreadingonhandhelddevices.(因此，他們檢索了現(xiàn)有的研究，只分析了比較印刷閱讀和手持設(shè)備閱讀的數(shù)據(jù)集。)”可知，Salmerón和他的同事們通過參考過去的研究來進(jìn)行他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Somescientistsaretryingtounderstandthereasonsforthescreeninferiorityeffect.Onetheorycalledtheshallowinghypothesis(假說)assumesthatwhenreadingondigitaldevices,peoplearegenerallydoingsoforshortperiodsoftimeandreadingshortpiecesoftext,causingthemtobelessefficient.Anothertheoryholdsthatfeelingeachpageandrememberingwhetheritwasatthebeginningofthebookortheendcanhelpconnectwithyourmemory.Butneithertheoryhasbeenproven.(一些科學(xué)家正試圖了解屏幕劣勢效應(yīng)的原因。一種稱為“淺層假設(shè)”的理論認(rèn)為，在數(shù)字設(shè)備上閱讀時，人們通常會進(jìn)行短時間閱讀并閱讀短文本，從而導(dǎo)致他們的效率降低。另一種理論認(rèn)為，感受每一頁并記住它是在書的開頭還是結(jié)尾，都有助于與你的記憶建立聯(lián)系。但這兩種理論都沒有得到證實(shí)。)”可知，第四段主要講述了印刷閱讀的積極效果的原因尚不清楚。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Accordingtothisstudy,Salmerónsays,“First,printedtextsshouldn’tbequit.Second,teachersshouldconsiderthegoalsofthetaskswhendecidingwhichreadingmediumtouse.”(根據(jù)這項(xiàng)研究，Salmerón說：“首先，不應(yīng)放棄印刷文本。其次，教師在決定使用哪種閱讀媒介時，應(yīng)考慮任務(wù)的目標(biāo)。”)”可知，Salmerón的話表明這項(xiàng)研究為教育工作者提供了方向。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Haveyoueverstartedanewtaskatwork,onlytobedistracted(干擾)byadingonyourphone?Orperhapsyou’reinthemiddleofareport,andyourmindstartstowandertowhatyou’llhavefordinner.Ifyoufindyourselffamiliarwithanyofthesescenes,don’tworry.____16____Nowlet’sexplorethereasonsbehindthesedistractions.Ourbrainsarenaturallyeasytobedistracted.Theyarewonderfullycomplexmachinesdesignedtoabsorbnewinformationandadapttoourenvironment.____17____Theyalwaysquicklychangeourattentiontothenewstimulus(刺激),causingustolosefocusonourcurrenttask.____18____It’sfortunateforustohaveaccesstotechnologyandtheInternet,whichprovideawealthofresourcesforlearning,connecting,andentertainingourselves.Butthisblessingisdouble-edged.Thetoolsthathelpimproveproductivitycanalsoleadtodistractions.Wehaveashortattentionspan(持續(xù)時間).____19____It’ssaidthatourattentionspanhasacap,muchlikethelimitonafueltank(油箱).Andoncewehitthatupperlimit,ourfocusbeginssearchingforotherlimits,likeatravelereagerfornewlandscapes.Inourdailylife,distractionscomeinmanyformsandthesourcesofdistractionscanvarywidely.Thepathtoamorefocusedandproductivelifeisn’tnecessarilyaboutremovingalldistractions.It’sanimpossibletaskinthisageofinformation.____20____A.Weliveinaworldfullofdistractions.B.Wehavepoortimemanagementskills.C.Butthisstrengthcanalsobeaweakness.D.Thisisn’tnecessarilybecauseofalackofinterest.E.Regainingyourfocusmightbeharderthanyouthink.F.You’rejustpartofamuchlargergroupthanyouimagine.G.Instead,learntoacknowledgeandmanagethemeffectively.【答案】16.F17.C18.A19.D20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章介紹了注意力不集中的理由并給出了措施?！?6題詳解】前文“Haveyoueverstartedanewtaskatwork,onlytobedistracted(干擾)byadingonyourphone?Orperhapsyou’reinthemiddleofareport,andyourmindstartstowandertowhatyou’llhavefordinner.Ifyoufindyourselffamiliarwithanyofthesescenes,don’tworry.(你是否曾經(jīng)在工作中開始了一項(xiàng)新任務(wù)，卻被手機(jī)鈴聲分散了注意力?或者你正在寫一份報(bào)告，你的思緒開始游蕩到晚餐吃什么。如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己熟悉這些場景中的任何一個，不要擔(dān)心。)”說明如果做事情的時候分心了，不要擔(dān)心，因此推斷空處應(yīng)是說明理由，后文“你只是一個比你想象的大得多的群體中的一員?！狈险Z境，與前文是因果關(guān)系。故選F?！?7題詳解】前文“Theyarewonderfullycomplexmachinesdesignedtoabsorbnewinformationandadapttoourenvironment.(它們是非常復(fù)雜的機(jī)器，旨在吸收新信息并適應(yīng)我們的環(huán)境。)”說明大腦是用來吸收新信息的機(jī)器，后文“Theyalwaysquicklychangeourattentiontothenewstimulus(刺激),causingustolosefocusonourcurrenttask.(它們總是迅速將我們的注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到新的刺激上，導(dǎo)致我們失去對當(dāng)前任務(wù)的關(guān)注。)”說明大腦的弱點(diǎn)，容易分散注意力，前后文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此推斷C項(xiàng)“但這種優(yōu)勢也可能是劣勢。”符合語境，承上啟下，前文是大腦的優(yōu)勢，下文是劣勢。故選C?！?8題詳解】空處為段落標(biāo)題，根據(jù)后文“It’sfortunateforustohaveaccesstotechnologyandtheInternet,whichprovideawealthofresourcesforlearning,connecting,andentertainingourselves.Butthisblessingisdouble-edged.Thetoolsthathelpimproveproductivitycanalsoleadtodistractions.(我們很幸運(yùn)能夠接觸到科技和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，它們?yōu)槲覀儗W(xué)習(xí)、交流和娛樂提供了豐富的資源。但這是一把雙刃劍。有助于提高工作效率的工具也可能導(dǎo)致分心。)”說明科技和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是一把雙刃劍，盡管有助于提高工作效率，但是也導(dǎo)致分心，因此推斷A項(xiàng)“我們生活在一個充滿分心的世界。”為最佳標(biāo)題，故選A。【19題詳解】根據(jù)標(biāo)題“Wehaveashortattentionspan(持續(xù)時間).(我們的注意力持續(xù)時間很短。)”可知，本段講述我們的注意力持續(xù)時間比較短，因此推斷D項(xiàng)“這并不一定是因?yàn)槿狈εd趣?！狈险Z境，說明我們的注意力持續(xù)時間短的理由，下文講述了真正可能的理由“It’ssaidthatourattentionspanhasacap,muchlikethelimitonafueltank(油箱).Andoncewehitthatupperlimit,ourfocusbeginssearchingforotherlimits,likeatravelereagerfornewlandscapes.(據(jù)說我們的注意力持續(xù)時間是有上限的，就像油箱的極限一樣。一旦我們達(dá)到了這個上限，我們的注意力就會開始尋找其他的極限，就像一個渴望新風(fēng)景的旅行者一樣。)”，故選D?！?0題詳解】前文“Thepathtoamorefocusedandproductivelifeisn’tnecessarilyaboutremovingalldistractions.It’sanimpossibletaskinthisageofinformation.(通往更專注、更有成效的生活的道路并不一定要消除所有的干擾。在這個信息時代，這是一項(xiàng)不可能完成的任務(wù)。)”說明消除所有的干擾是不可能的，因此推斷下文給出解決辦法，因此推斷G項(xiàng)“相反，學(xué)會承認(rèn)并有效地管理它們?！狈险Z境，與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選G。第二部分語言運(yùn)用(共三節(jié)，滿分60分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)?！癟hankyouforyourparticipation.ButI’msorrytotellyouthatyou____21____theinterview.”Ireceivedtheemailtwoweeksafterinterviewingforaposition.WhenIreadit,IfeltupsetbecauseI’dspenthoursmaking____22____beforetheinterviewandintheend,Ididn’tevenknowwhyIdidn’tgetthrough.“HowcanI____23____myjobsearchapproachifIdidn’tevenknowwhatwaswrong?”Ithought.Thevalueoffeedback(反饋)becameobviousafterIreceivedanother____24____callmonthslater,“____25____,wedecidedtoofferthejobtosomeoneelse.”AgainIfelt____26____.Buttheconversationwasn’tover.“Wouldyouliketohearthe____27____fromus?”heasked.ThentherepresentativeexplainedthatIhadn’tclearly____28____mymotivation(動機(jī))forapplyingfortheposition.Thefeedbackwas____29____tohear,butIquicklyrealizedhewasright.Istartedto_____30_____myself.Sincemytopconsiderationhadbeentofindaposition,Iwasn’tvery_____31_____aboutwhatIappliedfor.Ipursuedanyjobopportunityaslongasitbroadlyfittedmyskills.Fromthenon,Icarefully_____32_____eachjobandonlyconsideredtheonesthatattractedmemost.Soontheapproachstartedto_____33_____—Igotagreatoffer.Yearslater,asaninterviewer,Itreateveryinterviewasanimportant_____34_____:intervieweesinvest(投資)effortandinreturn,Iwillgivethemfeedback.Itisbecausewithoutfeedback,wearelikelytomakethesame_____35_____overandoveragain.21.A.failed B.arranged C.attended D.decreased22.A.announcements B.remarks C.preparations D.reservations23.A.adjust B.pioneer C.appoint D.describe24.A.defense B.invitation C.request D.rejection25.A.Naturally B.Strangely C.Unfortunately D.Smoothly26.A.disappointed B.nervous C.relieved D.peaceful27.A.news B.story C.reason D.result28.A.lacked B.expressed C.understood D.questioned29.A.tough B.interesting C.promising D.helpful30.A.careabout B.reflecton C.learnfrom D.dependon31.A.hopeful B.selective C.angry D.confused32.A.accepted B.evaluated C.respected D.finished33.A.develop B.form C.work D.commit34.A.performance B.reference C.routine D.trade35.A.excuse B.promise C.comparison D.mistake【答案】21.A22.C23.A24.D25.C26.A27.C28.B29.A30.B31.B32.B33.C34.D35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者兩次面試失敗后，通過獲得反饋并調(diào)整求職策略，最終成功找到工作的經(jīng)歷。第一次失敗后，他因缺乏反饋而感到困惑；第二次失敗時，他得到了關(guān)于表達(dá)動機(jī)不清晰的反饋，這促使他開始仔細(xì)選擇職位。最終，他只申請感興趣的工作，并成功找到工作。后來作為面試官，作者會為求職者提供反饋，幫助他們改進(jìn)?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是我很遺憾地告訴你，你面試失敗了。A.failed失?。籅.arranged安排；C.attended參加；D.decreased減少。根據(jù)上文“I’msorrytotellyou”可推知，對方是遺憾地告訴作者，他面試失敗了。故選A。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我讀到它的時候，我感到很沮喪，因?yàn)槲以诿嬖嚽盎藥讉€小時準(zhǔn)備，最后，我甚至不知道為什么我沒有通過。A.announcements宣布；B.remarks評論；C.preparations準(zhǔn)備；D.reservations預(yù)訂。根據(jù)下文“beforetheinterview”可推知，作者是在面試前花了幾個小時準(zhǔn)備。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“如果我都不知道哪里出了問題，我怎么能調(diào)整我的求職方法呢？”我想。A.adjust調(diào)整；B.pioneer開辟；C.appoint任命；D.describe描述。根據(jù)上文敘述的作者求職失敗，很沮喪可知，作者是想調(diào)整自己的求職方法。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幾個月后，我又接到了一個拒絕電話。A.defense防御；B.invitation邀請；C.request請求；D.rejection拒絕。根據(jù)下文“wedecidedtoofferthejobtosomeoneelse”可知，這份工作給別人了，因此作者接到的是拒絕電話。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：很不幸，我們決定把這份工作給別人了。A.Naturally自然地；B.Strangely奇怪地；C.Unfortunately不幸地；D.Smoothly順利地。根據(jù)下文“wedecidedtoofferthejobtosomeoneelse”可知，這份工作給別人了，因此對作者來說這是很不幸的。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我又一次感到失望。A.disappointed失望的；B.nervous緊張的；C.relieved放心的；D.peaceful平靜的。根據(jù)上文“wedecidedtoofferthejobtosomeoneelse”可知，這份工作給別人了，因此沒有得到工作的作者會感到失望。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“你想聽聽我們的理由嗎？”他問。A.news新聞；B.story故事；C.reason原因；D.result結(jié)果。根據(jù)下文“ThentherepresentativeexplainedthatIhadn’tclearly____8____mymotivation(動機(jī))forapplyingfortheposition.”可知，對方向作者解釋了他們拒絕作者的原因。故選C。【28題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后這位代表解釋說，我沒有清楚地表達(dá)我申請這個職位的動機(jī)。A.lacked缺乏；B.expressed表達(dá)；C.understood理解；D.questioned質(zhì)疑。根據(jù)上文“Ihadn’tclearly”和下文“mymotivation(動機(jī))forapplyingfortheposition”可推知，作者在面試中沒有清楚地表達(dá)自己申請這個職位的動機(jī)，因此被拒了。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這些反饋?zhàn)屓穗y以接受，但我很快意識到他是對的。A.tough艱難的；B.interesting有趣的；C.promising有希望的；D.helpful有幫助的。根據(jù)上文“ThentherepresentativeexplainedthatIhadn’tclearly____8____mymotivation(動機(jī))forapplyingfortheposition.”可知，對方是直接指出了作者在面試中存在的問題，因此這種反饋會讓人難以接受。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我開始反思自己。A.careabout關(guān)心；B.reflecton反思；C.learnfrom向……學(xué)習(xí)；D.dependon依賴。根據(jù)下文“Sincemytopconsiderationhadbeentofindaposition,Iwasn’tvery____11____aboutwhatIappliedfor.Ipursuedanyjobopportunityaslongasitbroadlyfittedmyskills.”可知，作者對自己的求職思路和方法進(jìn)行了反思。故選B。【31題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因?yàn)槲业氖滓紤]是找一份工作，所以我對自己申請的東西沒有認(rèn)真挑選。A.hopeful有希望的；B.selective認(rèn)真挑選的；C.angry生氣的；D.confused困惑的。根據(jù)下文“Ipursuedanyjobopportunityaslongasitbroadlyfittedmyskills.”可知，作者追求任何工作機(jī)會，只要它與自己的技能大致相符，因此是對自己申請的東西沒有認(rèn)真挑選。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：從那時起，我仔細(xì)評估每一份工作，只考慮最吸引我的工作。A.accepted接受；B.evaluated評估；C.respected尊敬；D.finished完成。根據(jù)下文“onlyconsideredtheonesthatattractedmemost”可知，作者變得只考慮最吸引自己的工作，因此是仔細(xì)評估每一份工作。故選B。【33題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：很快，這個方法開始奏效了——我得到了一份很棒的工作。A.develop發(fā)展；B.form形成；C.work奏效；D.commit承諾。根據(jù)下文“Igotagreatoffer”可知，作者得到了一份很棒的工作，說明他的方法開始奏效了。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：多年以后，作為一名面試官，我把每一次面試都當(dāng)作一次重要的交易：面試者付出努力，作為回報(bào)，我會給他們反饋。A.performance表現(xiàn)；B.reference參考；C.routine例行公事；D.trade交易。根據(jù)下文“intervieweesinvest(投資)effortandinreturn,Iwillgivethemfeedback”可知，面試者付出努力，作為回報(bào)，作為面試官的作者會給他們反饋，因此作者是把每一次面試都當(dāng)作一次重要的交易。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是因?yàn)闆]有反饋，我們很可能會一次又一次地犯同樣的錯誤。A.excuse借口；B.promise承諾；C.comparison比較；D.mistake錯誤。根據(jù)上文“withoutfeedback”可推知，在沒有反饋的情況下，面試者很可能會一次又一次地犯同樣的錯誤。故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Riceisthemostcommonfoodforalargepartoftheworld’shumanpopulation.Itsbiologicalcycle____36____(range)fromabout95daystoaround250days.It’simportanttoharvestricecropsontime.Ifweharvesttooearly,the____37____(collect)grainswillnotbefullygrown.Whencropsareharvestedlate,grainswillfallontotheground,leadingtoheavylosses.As____38____generalrule,theharvestmaybeginonlywhengrainshaveagoldencolor.Harvestingcantakeplacemanually(手動地)ormechanically.Inmanualharvesting,farmerscollectriceplants____39____(use)sharpknives.Then,theycarefullyremovethegrains.Mechanicalharvestingcanbedonewithmachinesthatcombineallthe____40____(function),suchascuttingandthreshing(脫粒).Afterharvesting,riceseedscontainalotofmoisture(水分).____41____(normal),farmersdrythegrainsoutbeforestorage____42____(pre