高中英語2021屆復(fù)習(xí)-《虛擬語氣與情態(tài)動詞》訓(xùn)練題【含詳解】

姓名：班級：學(xué)號：

題號二三四五六總分

評分

一、選擇題（共75題）

1、Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orweagoodtimetogether.

A.hadB.willhaveC.wouldhavehadD.hadhad

2、（2018?江蘇）It'sstrangethathe

havetakenthebookswithouttheowner?spermission.

A.wouldB.should

C.couldD.might

3、（2018?天津）Ifwetheflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingour

holidayonthebeach

A.hadcaughtB.caught

C.havecaughtD.wouldcatch

4、Ifthenewsafetysystemtouse,theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.

A.hadbeenputB.wereputC.shouldbeputD.wouldbeput

5、ItwasPresidentXiJinpingvisitedthenavytroopsonApril19andurged

thatnavalforce.

A.who;strengthenB.whom;strengthen

C.who;bestrengthenedD.who;tostrengthen

6、Hemessedtheprojectup,buthebehavedasifnothing

A.hadhappenedB.happened

C.wouldhappenD.wouldhavehappened

7、（2016?浙江）Hadthegovernmentsandscientistsnotworkedtogether,AIDS-related

deathssincetheirhighestin2005.

A.hadnotfallenB.wouldnotfall

C.didnotfallD.wouldnothavefallen

8、Itmighthavesavedmesometroubletheschedule.

A.didIknowB.haveIknown

C.doIknowD.hadIknown

9、Hewouldbeinbetterhealthnowwithtoomuchworkwhenyoung.

A.hadhenotburdenedhimselfB.ifhewasnotburdened

C.werehenotburdenedD.hadhenotbeenburdenedhimself

10、Thatwasnotthefirsttimeheus.Ithinkit'shightimewestrong

actionsagainsthim.

A.betrayed,takeB.hadbetrayed,took

C.hasbetrayed,tookD.hasbetrayed,take

11>（2017?天津）一DoyouhaveBetty,sphonenumber?

一Yes.Otherwise,Iabletoreachheryesterday.

A.hadn,tbeenB.wouldn,thavebeen

C.weren,tD.wouldn,tbe

12>Hissuggestionthatsheinhishomesuggestedhevery

warm-hearted.

A.wouldstay;wasB.stayed;be

C.shouldstay;beD.stay;was

13、Heinsistedthatheright,andsoheinsistedthathisplancarried

outatonce.

A.was;beB.be;wouldbe

C.was;wasD.be;shouldbe

14、weinthetrafficonthehighway,wedinneratthetable

now.

A.Hadn,t...beenstuck;arehavingB.Had...notbeenstuck;wouldhave

had

C.Hadn't...beenstuck;shouldhaveD.Had...notbeenstuck;wouldbehaving

15>itraintomorrow,themeetingwouldbeputoff.

A.ShouldB.Would

C.CouldD.Must

16、Iwascaughtinatrafficjamfor1ranhour,otherwiseIyouwaiting

forsuchalongtime.

A.willnotkeepB.havenotkept

C.hadnotkeptD.wouldnothavekept

17、■—Whydidn,tyoucallmethen?

一Oh,mycell-phonewaspoweroff.Iyouotherwise.

A.wouldcall；?hadcalled

C.havecalledD.wouldhavecalled

18、Afterinspectingthebuilding,specialistsdiscoveredsomefaultsthatotherwise

A.hadbeenoverlookedB.wereoverlooked

C.wouldhavebeenoverlookedD.wouldbeoverlooked

19>IwishI______photographythen.Ifso,Icouldgiveyouahandatpresent.

A.studiedB.hadstudied

C.havestudiedD.willstudy

20、Theywereabroadduringthemonthswhenwewerecarryingouttheinvestigation,

ortheytoourhelp.

A.wouldhavecomeB.couldcome

C.havecomeD.hadcome

21>IwishIherthenewsandthenshewouldn,tbeworriednow.

A.don'ttellB.didn,ttell

C.haven'ttoldD.hadn,ttold

22、Peoplearerecyclingmanythingswhichtheyawayinthepast.

A.hadthrownB.willbethrowing

C.werethrowingD.wouldhavethrown

23、（2014?福建）nomoderntelecommunications,wewouldhavetowaitforweeks

togetnewsfromaroundtheworld.

A.WerethereB.Hadtherebeen

C.IfthereareD.Iftherehavebeen

24>housepropertytaxcomeintoeffect,Chinamightwitnessafallinhouse

prices.

A.WouldB.Should

C.CouldD.Might

25^（2018?濱海7校聯(lián)考）Butforyourinstruction,Isuchgreatprogress

insoshortatime.Thanksalot.

A.wouldn,tmakeB.hadn'tmade

C.won'tmakeD.wouldn,thavemade

26、Iwouldn,thavepunchedhimifitforthefactthatheto

apologizetomeyesterday.

A.werenot;refusedB.werenot;hadrefused

C.hadnotbeen;refusedD.hadnotbeen;hadrefused

27>Theordercame___thesoldiers__thesmallvillagethenextmorning.

A.that;hadtoleaveB.that;shouldleave

C./;mustleaveD.when;shouldleave

28>一Therainiscomingdownsohard!

-myumbrellathismorning,Iwouldn,tbetrappedherenow.

A.DidItakeB.HadItaken

C.WereItotakeD.WouldItake

29^IwouldnotbeseeingthefilmGreenBooknowmeupintime.

A.wereKathynottopickB.hadKathynotpicked

C.ifKathyhasn,tpickedD.ifKathydidnotpick

30、Wehomenowifyouhadn,ttakenthewrongturning.

A.wouldbeB.are

C.wereD.willbe

31、IfMr.Deweypresent,hewouldhaveofferedanypossibleassistanceto

thepeoplethere.

A.wereB.hadbeenC.shouldbeD.was

32、Butforyourhelp,Itheworkontime.IreallydonotknowhowI

canthankyouenough.

A.wouldn，tfinishB.hadn'tfinished

C.wouldn，thavefinishedD.won'thavefinished

33>Theofficercommandedthateveryonepassingbythatday.

A.searchB.wouldbesearched

C.besearchedD.mustbesearched

34>Iwasonabusinesstripthen,otherwiseItothehospitalfortests.

A.wentB.hadgone

C.wouldhavegoneD.wouldgo

35>Ihaveoftenthoughtitwouldbeablessingifeachhumanbeingblind

anddeafforafewdaysatsometimeinhislife.

A.hasbeenstrickenB.werestricken

C.hadbeenD.wouldbe

36>Withoutyourhelp,IthefirstprizeintheEnglishSpeakingContest.

A.won'tgetB.didn?tget

C.wouldn'tgetD.wouldn'thavegot

37>Thesteakintherestaurantwasterrible.HowIwishIrice!

A.wouldorderB.ordered

C.orderD.hadordered

38、一Whatashame!Wemisunderstoodeachotherforsuchalongtime.

—Yes,IwishIwithyouearlier.

A.communicateB.hadcommunicated

C.communicatedD.wouldcommunicate

39^It'stoobadthatmycomputerhasgotanewvirus.IfonlyIthat

programme!

A.didn'trunB.haven'trun

C.hadn'trunD.wouldn?trun

40>--Thankyouforremindingmeofthetime,orIlatefortheflight

yesterday.

--Don'tmentionit.

A.willhavebeenB.wouldhavebeen

C.mustbeD.couldbe

41>Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecarsroad

conditionsneed.

A.that；tobeimprovedB.which；tobeimproved

C.where；improvingD.when；improving

42、一It'salreadytwelveo'clock,andhehavebeenherehalfanhour

ago.

一Maybehisflightwasbehindtime.

A.mustB.oughtto

C.mayD.can

43、Thedooropen,nomatterhowhardshepushed.

A.shouldn'tB.couldn,t

C.wouldn'tD.mightn,t

44、一TonywhatIdidannoyingthoughhedidn'tsayanything.

一Soyouthinkyouwillhavetomakeanapology?

A.couldfindB.shouldhavefound

C.mightfindD.musthavefound

45>YoubeCarol.Youhaven'tchangedabitafteralltheseyears.

A.mustB.canC.willD.shall

46、WehadawonderfultimeatTom'sbirthdayparty.You,butwhy

didn'tyou?

A.shouldcomeB.musthavecome

C.mayhavecomeD.oughttohavecome

47>IhaveworriedbeforeIcametothenewschool,formyclassmateshere

areveryfriendlytome.

A.mightn,tB.mustn,t

C.needn'tD.couldn,t

48>Tomfullmarks,buthewastoocarelessaspellingmistake.

A.couldgain,tomakeB.couldhavegained,tomake

C.couldhavegained,andmadeD.couldhavegained,astomake

49>一Sorry,Mum!Ifailedthejobinterviewagain.

一Oh,it'stoobad.Youhavemadefullpreparations.

A.mustB.canC.wouldD.should

50、IfIhadn,tbeenfacedwithsomanybarriers,IwhereIam.

A.won'tbeB.wouldn'thavebeenC.wouldn't

beD.shouldn,thavebeen

51、Youhavescoldedhimforhispoorperformance.Afterall,hehad

donehisbest.

A.mustB.shouldC.mustn,tD.shouldn，t

52、Dayslater,mybrothercalledtosayhewasallright,butsaywherehe

was.

A.mustn,tB.shouldn,tC.wouldn,tD.migh

tn,t

53、AlthoughyoufindbargainsinLondon,it'snotgenerallyacheapplace

toshop.

A.shouldB.needC.mustD.can

54>Itwassonoisythatwehearourselvesspeak.

A.couldn,tB.shouldn,t

C.mustn,tD.needn,t

55、一WhatisyourimpressionofyourformercolleagueNick?

一He'shelpful,andhegiveusahandatwork.

A.mustB.would

C.mayD.should

56、helawisequallyappliedtoeveryone.Noonebeaboveit.

A.shallB.must

C.mayD.need

57、-Willyoureadmeastory,Mummy?

—OK.Youhaveoneifyougotobedassoonaspossible.

A.mightB.mustC.couldD.shall

58、Accordingtotheschoolrule,nochildbeallowedoutoftheschool,

unlessaccompaniedbyhisorherownparents.

A.shouldB.must

C.shallD.can

59、一It'sreallygreattohaveacomputertostoremyphotos.

一Don,tcountonittoomuch.Itbreakdownandyou'dbettermakeacopy

ofthem.

A.mustB.can

C.shouldD.will

60>Thearthistorianstriedtofigureouthowthetemplewhenbuiltaround

15B.C.

A.mightlookB.mighthavelookedC.mustlookD.must

havelooked

61、Oneofourrulesisthateverystudentwearschooluniformwhileatschool.

A.mightB.could

C.shallD.will

62>Mysontheexamination,buthewasn，tcarefulenough.

A.mightbeabletopassB.musthavepassed

C.couldhavepassedD.wereabletopass

63>Wecangainvaluableexperiencefromthemistakeswhichtopreventthem

fromhappeningagain.

A.shouldbeavoidedB.mightbeavoided

C.musthavebeenavoidedD.couldhavebeenavoided

64>Jimsayswestayinhishouseaslongasweleaveitcleanandtidy.

A.mustB.canC.needD.should

65、（2016?天津）Itwasreallyannoying;Igetaccesstothedatabankyou

hadrecommended.

A.wouldn,tB.couldn't

C.shouldn,tD.needn,t

66>Sometimessmilesaroundtheworldbefalse,hidingotherfeelings

likeanger,fearorworry.

A.canB.would

C.shouldD.must

67>Theneedtodowhatmajorityofusaredoingforcesustotakeupactivities

whichweotherwise.

A.won'tB.wouldn'tC.shouldD.might

68>Youbecarefulwiththecamera.Itcosts!

A.mustB.mayC.canD.will

69>Iuseaclocktowakemeupbecauseatsixo'clockeachmorningthetrain

comesbymyhouse.

A.couldn，tB.mustn，t

C.shouldn，tD.needn，t

70、LouisCha（金庸）passedaway.Asforhisachievement,thereissuchacomment,

“HetheNobelPrizeforLiteraturewithhiswrittenworkstranslatedinto

English.v

A.couldhavebeenrewardedB.musthavebeenrewarded

C.shouldberewardedD.needhavebeenrewarded

71>I'mgoingtoEuropeonvacationtogetherwithJohnifIfindthemoney.

A.canB.mightC.wouldD.need

72、一DidMaxgototheconcertwithhisfamilyyesterday?

一Thereportscheduledtobehandedintomorrow,heit.

A.couldn,thaveattendedB.needn,thaveattended

C.wouldn'tattendD.shouldn'tattend

73、一Whathappenedtotheyoungtreesweplantedlastweek?

一Thetreeswell,butIdidn,twaterthem.

A.mightgrowB.needn,thavegrown

C.wouldhavegrownD.wouldgrow

74>一Iphonedyouyesterdaymorning.Agirlanswered,butIdidn,trecognizethe

voice.

一Oh,itmyyoungersister.Shewasinmyroomatthatmoment.

A.musthavebeenB.shouldhavebeen

C.couldhavebeenD.mayhavebeen

75^Keepupyourspiritsevenifyoufailhundredsoftimes.

A.mustB.need

C.mayD.should

二、閱讀填空(共1題)

1、76.Afterclass,somestudentsremained(seat)intheclassroomand

didn'tgoout.

77.Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe(visit)moreplaces

ofinterestyesterday.

78.Beforeyouquityourjob,(consider)howyourfamilywouldfeelabout

yourdecision.

79.Thebook,TheLittlePrince,isso(fascinate)thatIcannotputit

down.

80.One-thirdofthetown(cover)withtreesandthemajorityofthe

residentsareAfricanAmerican.

81.Thefactthathecan'tspeakevenoneforeignlanguageputhimata

(advantage)whenhetravelledabroadalone.

82.When(compare)differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothe

differenceswithoutnoticingthesimilarities.

83.Ofthetwosisters,Bettyis(attract)one,andsheisalsotheone

wholovestobequiet.

84.Haven'tseenyouforages!Wherehaveyoubeen?

--1wenttoGansuand(stay)thereforayear,teachingasavolunteer.

85.Mychemistryteachertoldusthatwhenyouheatametal,it(expand).

三、短文改錯(共1題)

1、短文改錯

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10

處語言錯誤，每句中最多有2處，涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加:此行缺一個詞在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（八），在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除:把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫線，在該詞下面寫出改正后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處,多者（從第11處起）不計分。

Exercisecanhaveasurprisednumberofbenefits.Itisimportantwaytokeepfit.

Notonlycanithelpyouachievebeneficialweightloss,andeverytimeyouexercise,

ithelpstoreducetheriskofdiseasemoreefficiently.Byexercisingregular,you

lookbetterandfeelmoreconfident,whichhaveapositiveeffectonbothphysical

andmentalwell-being.Whileyouexercise,especiallyinsomechallengingsports,

youoftenworkasamemberofateam.Inthisway,italsoteachesushowtowork

withothers.

Ahealthy,fitbrainmeansyoucananswerquestionsmorequickly,thinkmoreclearly

anddevelopedabettermemory.Haveahealthybrainisusefulfornomatterwhatpoint

youareatinyourlife.Forthesereasons,westudentsshouldtakeexercises.

86.87.88.89.90.

91.92.93.94.95.

=========參考答案============

一、選擇題

1、C

【詳解】

考查虛擬語氣。句意：真遺憾！你錯過了這次觀光，否則，我們本應(yīng)該在一起度過一段愉快

時光的。根據(jù)上文可知，是對過去事情的虛擬，是與過去事實相反的假設(shè)。其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：

從句：If+主語+過去完成時+其他,主句:主語+should(would,could,might)+現(xiàn)在完成時+

其他，故選C。

2、B

【解析】

考查虛擬語氣。句意：真奇怪，他竟然沒有主人的允許就拿走了這些書。在句型”Itis

important/necessary/strange/impossible/naturalthat...w中，其中由that引導(dǎo)的主語

從句通常用“should+動詞原形”這樣的虛擬語氣，其中的should可以省略。故選B。

點睛：本題考查虛擬語氣。Itisimportant/necessary/strange/impossible/naturalthat..

主語從句多數(shù)情況下用虛擬語氣，表達(dá)一種要求、命令或者責(zé)備、建議或主觀看法。但是如

果只是表示陳述一個事實而不是強(qiáng)烈的感情，完全可以用一般的陳述語氣。試比較：Itis

strangethathehadmadeamistake.（陳述一個事實：他犯了錯誤讓人有點奇怪。）Itis

strangethathe（should）havemadeamistake.（虛擬語氣，說話者是在責(zé)備他本不應(yīng)

該犯錯。）

3、A

【解析】

考查虛擬語氣。句意：如果我們昨天趕上飛機(jī)的話，現(xiàn)在我們正在海灘享受我們的假日了。

根據(jù)時間狀語yesterday可知，從句表示與過去事實相反，故用had+v-ed。故選A。

點睛：本題考查虛擬語氣。虛擬語氣重要做題原則：根據(jù)題干中主句或從句中動詞形式判斷

所考查的動詞的虛擬時間，一般要保持一致，但要注意錯綜時間虛擬語氣要根據(jù)各自所表示

的虛擬時間做出調(diào)整。本題就是錯綜條件虛擬語氣，從句與過去事實相反，故用had+v-ed,

主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反。

4、A

【詳解】

考查虛擬語氣。句意：如果這個新的安全系統(tǒng)被投入使用過的話，這個事故就不會發(fā)生了。

根據(jù)主句確定是對過去情況的虛擬，所以從句謂語用haddone形式，此外根據(jù)句意可知是被

動，用被動語態(tài)，故A項是正確的。

【點睛】

英語中的三種語氣，語氣是動詞的一種形式，用來說明我們對自己的話所采取的態(tài)度。陳述

語氣（疑問，否定，肯定，感嘆）祈使語氣（命令，要求，建議，警告）虛擬語氣：不可能

發(fā)生的事,愿望，建議，與事實相反的假設(shè)等.虛擬語氣在條件中的具體用法真實條件句Ifyou

workhard,you'11surelypasstheexam.虛擬條件句（假設(shè)情況不存在，實現(xiàn)機(jī)會很?。?/p>

IfIwereabird,Icouldflyfreelyinthesky.if從句的謂語動詞主句謂語動詞1.

與現(xiàn)在事實相反動詞過去式（be一律用were）would/could/might/should+動詞原形2.與過

去事實相反haddonewou1d/cou1d/might/shou1d+havedone3.與將來事實可能相反a.動詞過

去式（be一律用were）b.should+動詞原形（不能用would）c.wereto+動詞原形

would/could/might/should+動詞原形與現(xiàn)在事實相反if從句：動詞過去式（be--were）主

句：would/could/might/should+動詞原形Ifwehadtime,wewouldgowithyou.IfIwere

you,Ishouldn"tdothat.Ifitweren,training,wewouldn'tstay.與過去事實相

反if從句：haddone主句：wou1d/cou1d/might/shou1d+havedonelftheteacherhadn't

helpedus,wecouldn'thavesucceeded.IcouldhavedoneitbetterifIhadbeenmore

careful.Ifhehadn'tbeenill,hemighthavecome.3.與將來事實可能相反if從句:

a.動詞過去式（be一律用were）b.should+動詞原形（不能用

would）c.wereto+動詞原形主句：would/could/might/should+動詞原形Ifhecame

tomorrow,Iwouldtellhimeverything.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,Iwouldstayat

homeandwatchTV.Ifitweretosnowtomorrow,theywouldnotgoout.Shouldhecome

tomorrow,pleasegivethebooktohim,錯綜時間條件句在虛擬語氣中，有時條件從句動

作發(fā)生的時間和主句動作發(fā)生的時間是不一致的，稱為錯綜時間條件句。這種句子的形式往

往要根據(jù)句子的時間相調(diào)整,分別處理。Ifyouhadspokentohimyesterday,youwould

knowwhattodonow.IfyouhadfollowedthedoctorJsadvicethen,youwouldbeall

rightnow.Ifyouhadwateredthemmore,thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetternow.（有

時時間會省略）含蓄條件句有時虛擬條件不用if條件從句，而用介詞或介詞短語來表示。They

wouldnotbeabletolivewithouthim.（如果沒有）Hewouldhavefailedbutforhis

teacher'stimelyadvice.（要不是）=ifithadnotbeenforlfonlyyouhadworkedwith

greatercare!（要是.....就好了）Youwouldhavedonethesamethinginher

position.Withalittlemorecareyoucouldhaveavoidthetrafficaccident.虛擬結(jié)

合條件句在虛擬語氣中，假設(shè)的情況有時間可以通過上下文或其他方式表現(xiàn)出來，并且虛擬

的情況和真實的情況同時存在。Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpart

inthesingingcompetition.（實-----虛）=1wasillthatday.IfIhadn'tbeenill

thatday,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesingingcompetition.Hewouldhavebought

thepiano,buthedidn'thaveenoughmoney.（虛-----實）=Hewouldhaveboughtthe

pianoifhehadhadenoughmoney,butinfacthedidn'thaveenoughmoney.省略

if倒裝條件句在虛擬語氣中，if從句假設(shè)的情況中如果有助動詞had,should和were,那

么可省略if,把had,should和were放在句首構(gòu)成倒裝，簡稱省略if倒裝條件句。Ifhehad

finishedtheworkyesterday,hewouldhavegonetotheconcertwithyou.=Hadhe

finishedtheworkyesterday,hewouldhavegonetotheconcertwithyou.IfIwere

you,Iwouldn'tdothat.=wereIyou,Iwouldn,tdothat.IfIshouldmeethim,I

wouldtellhimaboutit.=ShouldImeethim,Iwouldtellhimaboutit.

5、C

【解析】

考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句和虛擬語氣。句意：是習(xí)近平主席在4月19號參觀了海軍，要求加強(qiáng)海軍力量。

本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：Itis/was+強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+who/that+其余部分。urge后加賓語從句，

從句用虛擬語氣，即謂語動詞用（should）+動詞原形，此處省略了should,故選C。

【名師點睛】

在表示建議、命令、要求、忠告等動詞的后面的賓語從句中要用虛擬語氣，由于這些動詞本

身隱含說話者的主觀意見，認(rèn)為某事應(yīng)該應(yīng)不應(yīng)該怎么樣，這些詞語后面的that從句應(yīng)用虛

擬語氣，且均以“should+動詞原形”表示這種語氣，但事實上should常被省略，故此句中

謂語動詞用原形，常用的此類動詞有：

1.wish后的賓語從句

2.表示“堅持"insist后的賓語從句

3.表示"命令"order、command后的賓語從句

4.表示"建議"advise、suggest、propose>recommend后的賓語從句

5.表示"要求"ask、demand、require、request后的賓語從句

6.表示“投票”vote后的賓語從句

7.表示‘'安排"arrange后的賓語從句

8.表示“希望”“打算"desire,intend后的賓語從句

9.表示“指示"direct后的賓語從句

6、A

【解析】

考查虛擬語氣。句意：他把這個項目搞糟了，但他表現(xiàn)的好像什么也沒發(fā)生一樣。asif引

導(dǎo)的從句表示與事實相反的情況時，應(yīng)用虛擬語氣。該句表示對過去的虛擬，根據(jù)asif的

虛擬規(guī)則，該處應(yīng)用過去完成時態(tài)。A選項正確。

7、D

【詳解】

考查虛擬語氣。句意：如果政府和科學(xué)家不共同努力，與艾滋病相關(guān)的死亡就不會從2005年

的最高點下降。根據(jù)句意可知，使用虛擬語氣表示與過去相反的事實，if條件句用haddone,

省略if,將had提前，主句用wouldhavedone表示對過去情況的虛擬，故選D。

8、D

【分析】

考查虛擬倒裝句。句意：如果我早知道日程安排，可能會省去我一些麻煩。根據(jù)題干中might

havesaved可知主句是對過去的虛擬，從句應(yīng)用ifIhadknown與主句保持一致。if虛擬

條件句中含有had時，可將if省去，同時將had提前構(gòu)成倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。故選D項。

【點睛】

虛擬語氣重要做題原則：根據(jù)題干中主句或從句中動詞形式判斷所考查的動詞的虛擬時間，

一般要保持一致，但要注意錯綜時間虛擬語氣要根據(jù)各自所表示的虛擬時間做出調(diào)整。另外,

當(dāng)if條件句中含有助動詞had,should或were時，可以省略if,而將had,should或

were提到句首，從而構(gòu)成倒裝虛擬條件句。

9、A

【解析】

考查虛擬語氣。句意：如果年輕時他不是被太多的工作所累，他現(xiàn)在將會身體更健康。根據(jù)

語境可知，此處講述與事實相反的事情，故用虛擬語氣；由時間狀語whenyoung可推斷，從

句表示與過去相反的事實，謂語動詞用過去完成時；且如果if省略句子用部分倒裝有，had

置句首。burdenoneselfwith…''負(fù)重?fù)?dān)"。故選A。

10、B

【詳解】

考查時態(tài)和虛擬語氣。句意：那不是他第一次背叛我們。我認(rèn)為我們早該對他采取強(qiáng)硬措施

了。Thatis/wasIhefirsttimethat+完成時，是固定句型；句中使用的是"Thatwas…”，

故應(yīng)使用過去完成時。在固定搭配it's(high/about)time…中，從句應(yīng)使用過去時表示

虛擬語氣。故選B。

11、B

【解析】

考查虛擬語氣。句意：一你有貝蒂的電話號碼嗎？一有。否則我昨天就聯(lián)系不到她了。根據(jù)

標(biāo)志詞otherwise,相當(dāng)于一個條件狀語從句：IfIhadn'thaveherphonenumber,即對

過去的虛擬的條件狀語從句，可以判斷出主句用wouldn'thavedone表示對過去情況的虛擬,

故選Bo

【點睛】

if的虛擬語氣非常重要，首先要熟悉基本用法：1、表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的情況，從句：If

主語+過去時(be動詞用were)；主句：主語+should/would/could/might+do：2、表示與過去

事實相反的情況，從句：If主語+had+done；主句：主語+should/would/could/might+have

done3、表示對將來情況的主觀推測，從句：①if+主語+weretodo②if+主語+should+do

③if+主語+did(動詞過去式)/were；主句：主語+should/would/could/might+do,另

外要注意從句也可以省略if,把had,were,should提前。這句話的虛擬語氣是根據(jù)標(biāo)志詞

otherwise和句意推斷出主句是對過去的虛擬。

12、D

【解析】

考查suggest的用法。句意：他建議她待在家里，這表明他很熱心。句中suggestion表示“建

議”，后面是that的同位語從句，解釋說明suggestion的內(nèi)容，要用虛擬語氣(should)+

動詞原形；suggest在此句的意思是“表明，暗示”，后面的名詞性從句不用虛擬語氣，根

據(jù)主句謂語動詞suggested用一般過去時態(tài)，故賓語從句也用過去時態(tài)，由此可知答案為D。

13、A

【詳解】

考查時態(tài)和虛擬語氣。句意：他堅持認(rèn)為他是對的，因此他堅持立即實施他的計劃。insist

表示“堅持說”“堅持認(rèn)為”，從句所指的通常是已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事或已存在的狀態(tài)，謂語一般

用陳述語氣，引導(dǎo)詞that可省略。根據(jù)主句時態(tài)可知用一般過去時；insist表示“堅持

要”“一定要”，從句所指的一般是尚未實現(xiàn)的事實，此時謂語通常用虛擬語氣（即should+

動詞原形，should可以省略），而且引導(dǎo)詞that一般不省略。從句主語hisplan與carryout

之間為被動關(guān)系，所以用被動語態(tài)。故選A。

14、D

【解析】

考查虛擬語氣。句意：要是我們沒有堵在高速公路上的話，現(xiàn)在正在吃飯呢。這是個錯綜條

件句。從句是對過去的虛擬，在此省略了if,條件從句為否定句，否定詞not應(yīng)置于主語之

后，而不能與were,should,had等縮略成weren't,shouldn't,hadn,t而置于句首，

故排除A,C；主句對現(xiàn)在的虛擬，排除B。故選D。

15、A

【解析】

本題考查與將來事實相反的虛擬語氣，故從句用should+v原形。句意：如果明天下雨，會

議將會被推遲。此處是if引導(dǎo)的非真實條件句，如果把if省略，則將情態(tài)動詞should提到

主語的前面。故選A。

【點睛】

if的虛擬語氣講解

1.對現(xiàn)在情況的假設(shè)：表示說話時不存在或與事實相反的情況.形式：If+主語+did,主語

+should/would/could+do.例句：Ifyouknewenglishwell,youwouldbeabletotalk

withforeignersfreely.

2.對過去情況的假設(shè)：表示與過去事實相反的情況.形式：if+主語+haddone,主語

+should/would/could+havedone.例句：ifihadnotstudiedhard,imighthavefailed

intheexam.（事實是我通過考試了）

3.對將來情況的假設(shè)：表示將來實現(xiàn)可能性不大的情況.形式：if+主語+did/weretodo

/shoulddo,主語+should/would/coulddo.例句:ifheshouldchangehismind,whatwould

wedo?

if的省略：在正式文體中，有時可把虛擬條件句中的連詞if省去,這時從句需要采用倒裝語

序，即：將were,had,should等助動詞提到主語前面，主句不做任何變化.例句：shoulditrain

tomorrow,wewouldstalyathome.

錯綜時間：所謂錯綜時間是指主句和從句的動作不是發(fā)生在同一時間.這時，需要根據(jù)意思選

用表示不同時間的虛擬語氣形式.例句：ifiwereyou,iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.

（從句表示現(xiàn)在時間，主句表示過去時間），我要是你，就聽他的忠告了。

16、D

【解析】

考查虛擬語氣。句意：我遇到堵車長達(dá)一個多小時，否則我不會讓你等這么久的。

Otherwise“否則”是解題的關(guān)鍵，相當(dāng)于虛擬語氣的從句“如果不堵車”，那“我就不會讓

你等”考查的是主句。從was可以判定出與過去相反，主句要用wouldhavedone,表示否

定用wouldnothavekept。綜上，D選項正確。

17、D

【解析】

考查虛擬語氣。句意：--為什么當(dāng)時你不給我打電話?一哦，我的手機(jī)沒電了。否則的話我會

給你打的。此處相當(dāng)于if條件狀語從句中與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，主句用would/should

/could/might+have+過去分詞，指如果我手機(jī)當(dāng)時有電的話我會給你打的。故選D.

【名師點睛】

含蓄虛擬條件句就是將條件從句隱藏在上下文一定的短語中的一類條件句，比如將條件隱含

在不定式短語中，分詞短語中，介詞短語中，名詞短語中，或某些連詞(如or,orelse,

otherwise等)中，將條件隱含在定語從句中，將條件隱含在一定的上下文中，等等。如：

Tohavestudiedharder,youwouldhavepassedtheexamination.你學(xué)習(xí)更用功些，

你早就考及格了。(=ifyouhavestudiedharder,you…)

Failingth