2024年高考英語全程考評特訓卷期中檢測卷二含解析

PAGEPAGE17期中檢測卷(二)第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、和D四個選項中選出最佳選項。A[2024·海口市高考調研考試]Enjoyamazing360-degreeviewsoverLondonfromtheLondonEye,arotating(旋轉的)observationwheelwhichis135metershigh.Spotsomeofthecapital'smostfamouslandmarks,includingBigBen,theHousesofParliamentandBuckinghamPalace.HowlongdoesittaketogoroundtheLondonEye?Thegradualrotationinoneofthe32high-techglasscapsulestakesapproximately30minutesandgivesyouanever-changingviewofLondon.Youcanskipmostofthequeueswithafast-trackticket.WhereistheLondonEyeandhowdoIgetthere?TheLondonEyeislocatedontheSouthBankoftheRiverThames.ThenearesttubestationisWaterloo,butCharingCross,WestminsterandEmbankmentarealsoashortwalkaway.SeveralbusroutesstopneartheLondonEye.HowtobookLondonEyetickets?TicketstotheLondonEyemustbepre-bookedontheInternetwithintheprescribedtimelimit.PricesChildticket:From￡23.00perticket.Adultticket:From￡28.00perticket.Childrenunderthreeyearsoldenterfree.OpeninghoursTheLondonEyeopeningtimevariesthroughouttheyear.Typicallytheattractionopensat10a．m.andclosesbetween6p．m.and8：30p．m.Makesureyoucheckitbeforeyourvisittogetthebestexperience.ImportantinformationWeencourageyoutoarriveattheattractionasearlyaspossible,inordertoallowmoretimeforsecuritychecks.PleasenoteitemsthatCANandCANNOTsaidonboard.1．WhatdoweknowabouttheLondonEye?A．Ithasfixedopeninghours.B．Noqueuingisneededtotakeit.C．Arideonittakesabouthalfanhour.D．ItliessomedistanceawayfromWaterloo.2．WhatisamusttopayavisittotheLondonEye?A．Bookingticketsonlineinadvance.B．Takingnoitemsonboard.C．Beingaccompaniedbyanadult.D．Arrivingattheattractionahead.3．Howmuchshouldacouplewiththeirsonaged5anddaughteraged2paytovisittheLondonEye?A．Atleast￡56.B．Atleast￡74.C．Atleast￡79.D．Atleast￡102.B[2024·綿陽市其次次診斷]Howdoesabrilliantteachergetthatway?Thequestionofhowtheydevelopedhasasmanyanswersasthereareinspiredinstructors.Oneexampleisanoriginalandcharmingwomanwhohasbecomeoneofthebesteverattakingdisadvantagedstudentstoanewlevel.JacksonwasborninAltoona.Herfatherwasaconstructionworker.Whenshewasintheeighthgrade,herfatherdied.Herprincipal,Mrs.Brown,saidnottoworryaboutschoolworkforawhile.Thatupsether.Herfatherwouldnothavewantedhertodoanythingbutherbest.Healwayssaid,“Don'tletyourfirstfailurebethereasonforyournext.”Jacksonwasanaccomplishedshootingguardinbasketballandastarsprinteronthetrackteam,runningthequarter-milein57seconds.Shethoughtshemightbecomeasportsbroadcaster.Shegavenothoughttoteachinguntilafriendtookhertoanintroductiontoaprogram,whichplacednoviceinstructorsinschoolsfulloflow-incomechildren.Jacksonlikedtheideaofgivingback,aswellasthechancetohavesomeofherstudentloansforgiven.Sheisabigsportsperson,andthatishowsheconnectswithlotsofkids.Shecouldn'tmotivatechildrenuntilsheknewwhatwasbotheringorpleasingthem.“Studentslearnfrompeoplewholovethem，”shesaid.“Theywillbemotivatedandinspiredtolearniftheyknowdeepdownthatyoucareaboutthem.”Inclassshegavebasketballticketstostudentswhoweredoingtheirwork.Atweeklydrawingstheycouldwinstickynotes,pencilsorothersmallprizes.Shehelpedcreateafter-schoolclubs.Atallstudentsaidtoher,“I'maballer.Iheardyouplayball.”TherewasabasketballleagueinPaterson,buttheschooldidn'thaveateam.Jacksonstartedonewithsupportfromlocalbusinessexecutives.Thestudent,EssenceCarson,wenttoRutgersUniversity,wasafirst-rounddraft(運動員選拔制)selectionfortheWNBA'sNewYorkLibertyandnowplaysfortheConnecticutSun.4．WhydidMrs.Brown'swordsupsetJackson?A．Herfatherjustpassedaway.B．Shewastaughttodoherbest.C．Herfirstfailureledtoanotherone.D．Shewasconcernedabouthergrades.5．WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?A．ThewayJacksonturnedteacher.B．ThedreamjobJacksondesired.C．ThestudentloansJacksonowed.D．TheathleticsJacksondidwellin.6．whydidJacksongivesmallprizestoherstudentsinclass?A．Toconnectwiththem.B．Topleaseorbotherthem.C．Toencouragethemtolearn.D．Toshowherlovetothem.7．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．JacksonfoundedaschoolteaminPatersonalone.B．JacksonplayedinthebasketballleagueinPaterson.C．JacksonselectedEssencetoplayforWNBA'sNewYorkLiberty.D．JacksonshouldtakesomecreditforEssence'sprofessionalcareer.C[2024·武漢市高三五月供題]RussellWarnehasspentmanyhoursexaminingcollegepsychologytextbooks.AsaprofessorofpsychologyatUtahValleyUniversity,hewasn'tlookingforinsight,butformistakes—andhefoundplenty.SomeoftheworstconcernedIQtests.“ThemostcommoninaccuracyIfound,byfar,wastheclaimthatintelligencetestsarebiased__againstcertaingroups，”hesays.YetintelligenceresearchersareatpainstoensurethatIQtestsarefairandnotculturallybiased.“Anotherverycommononewastheideathatintelligenceisdifficulttomeasure.”NowonderIQtestsoftencausedisagreements.Butthatsimplyisn'tthecase.“Despitethecriticism,theintelligencetestisoneofthemostreliabletestseverinvented，”saysRexJungattheUniversityofNewMexico.Nevertheless,youshouldn'ttrustthekindof10-minutetestthatmightpopupinyoursocialmediafeed.AcomprehensiveIQtesttakesoveranhourandisideallyadministeredbyaprofessionalexaminer.Itisdesignedtoassesspreciselythosecognitive(認知的)skillsthatconstituteintelligence,soitconsistsofaseriesofsubteststhatcoverreasoning,mentalprocessingspeed,spatial(空間的)abilityandmore.ShorterIQtests,assessingfeweroftheseskills,canstillprovideageneralindicationofsomeone'smentalabilities,however,becauseofthenatureofintelligence,itmeansthatsomeonewhoscoreshighlyononetypeofcognitivetestwillalsodocomparativelywellonothers.However,particularapplicationsofIQtestshavefacedathoroughinspection.Acommoncriticismofusingthemtoselectjobapplicantsisthattheyonlymeasurecertaincognitiveskills.Theydon'tscientificallymeasurecreativity,forinstance.Neitherdotheymeasurepersonality,whichtendstomakeforreliableandhard-workingemployees—orabilitytogetonwithotherpeople.However,itisrareforexaminerstotestIQindependently:candidatesmightbegivenapersonalitytesttooandapracticalexercisetoassessjob-relatedskills.Theyusuallyalsohavetonameseveralprofessionalstojudge.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“biasedagainst”inParagraph1probablymean?A．Unfamiliarto.B．Irrelevantto.C．Unfavorablefor.D．Irresponsiblefor.9．WhatdoesRexJungthinkoftheintelligencetests?A．Theyareinaccurate.B．Theyaretrustworthy.C．Theyareproperlyused.D．Theyarepreciselydesigned.10．WhatcanweinferaboutIQtestsinthelastparagraph?A．Theyarerarelyaccepted.B．Theyareheavilycriticized.C．Theymaystillbeemployed.D．Theycanmotivatecreativity.11．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．DoIQtestsreallywork?B．ApplicationsofIQtests.C．Misinformationintextbooks.D．CanIQtestsshapepersonality?DScientistssaythey'vedevelopedasystemusingmachineforlearningtopredictwhenandwherelightningwillstrike.TheresearchwasledbyengineersfromtheécolePolytechniqueFédéraledeLausanneinLausanne,Switzerland.Europeanresearchershaveestimatedthatbetween6，000and24，000peoplearekilledbylightningworldwideeachyear.Thestrikescanalsocausepoweroutages,destroyproperty,damageelectricalequipmentandstartforestfires.Forthesereasons,climatescientistshavelongsoughttodevelopmethodstopredictandcontrollightning.IntheUnitedStatesandotherplaces,ground-basedsensingdevicesareusedtoidentifystrikesastheyhappen.But,nosystemhasbeencreatedtoeffectivelypredictlightning.Thesystemtestedintheexperimentsusedacombinationofdatafromweatherstationsandmachinelearningmethods.Theresearchersdevelopedapredictionmodelthatwastrainedtorecognizeweatherconditionsthatwerelikelytocauselightning.Themodelwascreatedwithdatacollectedovera12-yearperiodfrom12Swissweatherstationsincitiesandmountainareas.Thedatarelatedtofourmainsurfaceconditions:airpressure,airtemperature,relativehumidityandwindspeed.Theatmosphericdatawasplacedintoamachinelearningalgorithm(算法),whichcomparedittorecordsoflightningstrikes.Researcherssaythealgorithmwasthenabletolearntheconditionsunderwhichlightninghappens.AmirhosseinMostajabiisaPhDstudentattheinstitutewholedthedevelopmentofthemethod.Hesaid，“Currentsystemsforgatheringsuchdataareslowandcomplexandrequirecostlycollectionequipmentlikeradarorsatellites.”“Ourmethodusesdatathatcanbeobtainedfromanyweatherstation，”Mostajabisaid.“Thiswillimprovedatacollectioninveryremoteareasnotcoveredbyradarandsatellitesorinplaceswherecommunicationsystemshavebeencut，”headded.TheresearchersplantokeepdevelopingthetechnologyinpartnershipwithaEuropeaneffortthataimstocreatealightningprotectionsystem.TheeffortiscalledtheEuropeanLaserLightningRodProject.12．Whyhaveclimatescientiststriedtopredictandcontrollightning?A．Tocollectrelativedata.B．Toreducethedestructionlightninghasbeencausing.C．Tocreateascientificsystem.D．Todoresearchinrelationtomachinelearning.13．ThefourmentionedsurfaceconditionsincludeallofthefollowingEXCEPT________．A．airpollutionB．windspeedC．relativehumidityD．airtemperature14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph5referto?A．Lightning.B．Thesystembeingtested.C．Theatmosphericdata.D．Themachinelearningalgorithm.15．WhatcanwelearnaboutMostajabifromthepassage?A．Hedevelopedthemethodandthesystembyhimself.B．Hethinksthecurrentsystemsaretooslowandsimple.C．HeisaprofessorattheSwissFederalInstituteofTechnology.D．Hebelievestheirsystemdoesmuchbetterindatacollection.其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)依據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。[2024·臨沂市高三二模]Inourwholelife,everyonehastolearnhowtobefinanciallyresponsible.Actually,thesooneryoulearnhowtoproperlydoit,thesooneryouwillreducethestressofdealingwithdebtsandbadcreditscores.__16__.BudgetandsaveLearninghowtoproperlybudgetandsaveiswhatyoucantakewithyouatallstagesofyourlife.__17__.Dependingonhowmuchyoumake,setasideacertainamounteachmonth.Berealisticaboutwhatthisnumberis,asyoualsoneedtobeabletopayoffyourothermonthlybills.PayyourcreditcardontimeYoualwaysneedtobemindfulofwhatyourcreditratingis.Inordertoavoidabadlineofcredit,makesurethatyouneverletcreditcardsfallbehindonpayment.__18__.LoansandemergenciesTherewillbecertainsituationsinyourlifethatyouneverexpectedtohappen.__19__.Perhapsyougetinjured,oryourschoolexpensesaremorethanyouinitiallyexpected.Nomatterwhatyouremergencyis,thesearesituationswhereyoulikelyneedtotakeoutaloan.Becomingfinanciallyresponsibleisalmostaceremonyofpassageintoadulthood.Andyouwillalwaysbenefitfromlearningthisskill.__20__.Soyoucaninsteadfocusonpursuinghobbies,spendingtimewithlovedones,andsimplyengaginginotheractivities.A．LifeisnotastraightlineB．YoucanlivethewayyoulikeC．Evenifyouareabove50,youcanstillsavemoreD．Thusit'simportanttokeepallofthesetipsinmindE．ItwillhelpyoubecomemoreconfidentandindependentF．Otherwise,youwillnevergetaloanfromthebanksagainG．Ifyoumasteralloftheseskills,youcanhelpmorepeople其次部分語言學問運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。[2024·西安高三第一學期檢測試題]OnJuly20,YuYifei,a26-year-oldmedicalintern(實習醫(yī)生)atPeople'sHospitalofZhengzhou,madehiswayhomeinasubwaytrainonLine5afterhisfirstday'straining.Whendownpoursstruckthecity,he__21__aboutadozenpeopletrappedinafloodedsubwaytrainastherainfallinZhengzhoureacheda__22__201.9millimetersbetween4pmand5pm.Floodwaters__23__abarrierandenteredtheundergroundarea.Thetraincametoasuddenstopbeforethewaterbegan__24__inthecarriages,trappingpassengersinside.ThusYu,__25__toleaveandfearingforhislife,madea__26__calltohisfather.Aswatercontinuedtoflowintothecarriages,passengers'__27__rose.Whensubwayworkersarrivedtowithdrawthem,Yu__28__togetout.Ashemadehiswaytosafety,heheardacryforhelpfromsomeoneneedingadoctor.Hequickly__29__thewhitemedicalcoatgiventohimatthehospital__30__andreturnedtotheplatformtosavepeople.Onseeinghim,anumberoffrightenedpeopleweregreatlyencouragedandtheirspirits__31__.Someevenapplaudedhim.Asmorepassengerswerepulledfromthe__32__，Yuinstructedothersinthekeystepstosaveavictimfromdrowning.He__33__CPR,orfirstaid,tothoseinlow-temperatureshockfromthecoldwaterandneardeathfromdrowning.Oneofthepassengers,afemaledoctor,nearlydied.After__34__consciousnessandstrength,shejoinedYuintreatingothers.Yuwas__35__andneededallhisconcentrationtoperformanotherCPRprocedure.Thatnightonasubwaystationplatform,he__36__anexhaustingsixhoursgivingCPRtopassengerswho__37__surviveddrowning.Healsotreatedtheinjured.He__38__thesubwaystationataboutmidnight,withthewhitecoatspottedwithbloodand__39__.Threehourslater,hemethisfather.Withtearsineyes,hisfatherandpeople__40__smiledandgavehimthethumbs-up.21．A.sawB．preventedC．keptD．saved22．A.recordB．heightC．pointD．depth23．A.pushedB．madeC．burstD．pulled24．A.risingB．fallingC．reachingD．disappearing25．A.uncertainB．unfortunateC．unusualD．unable26．A.foolishB．uniqueC．considerateD．desperate27．A.excitementB．fearsC．adaptationD．deaths28．A.managedB．failedC．intendedD．hesitated29．A.triedonB．gotonC．putonD．lookedon30．A.laterB．furtherC．earlierD．former31．A.gainedB．liftedC．sankD．ran32．A.platformB．airC．boatD．water33．A.beganB．continuedC．explainedD．refused34．A.regainingB．refreshingC．remindingD．replacing35．A.boredB．heartbrokenC．energeticD．exhausted36．A.wastedB．neededC．obtainedD．spent37．A.nearlyB．obviouslyC．barelyD．never38．A.leftB．approachedC．crossedD．rescued39．A.sweatB．medicineC．mudD．tears40．A.ontheairB．onthespotC．onholidayD．onboard其次節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。[2024·青島市中學檢測]Xi'an,orChang'anasitwascalledformanycenturies,hasbeenabuilt-upurbanareaforover3，000years,andonce41.________(serve)asthecapitalof13dynasties.Itishome42.________manyimmovableculturalheritages,threeof43.________areontheUNESCO'sTheWorldHeritageList.Thesedays,thecityhasmade44.________(effect)explorationinbuildingmodernitywhilepreservinghistoricallegacy(遺產).Arecentpieceofnews45.________(announce)byShaanxi'sculturalrelicauthoritycausednationwideattention,thataruinofanancientcapitaldatingbacktoQinDynastywasunearthedduringtheconstructionoftheXi'anMetroLine5.Inordertoprotecttheruin,themetrolinemayhavetochange46.________(it)route.47．________(face)theheavyandimportanttaskofprotectingculturalrelicswhilepromotingurbanconstruction,Xi'anmadeactive48.________(attempt).Railsofthemetrosystemarebuilt15to20metersundergroundinordertoprotecttheancienttombswhichare49.________(usual)buriedinthelayerwithin5metersfromthesurfacelevel.Besides,themetroconstructorshavealsopaintedthewallsinsidethestationswithhistoricalstories,presenting50.________visualfeastforcitizens.第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)短文改錯(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。留意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。[2024·南昌市一模]Virtuesarejewelofgreatprice.Ifindhonestyismostvaluablevirtueinmyheart.Anditisalwaysaccompanymygrowth.Asachild,IwasconstantlytoldthestorynamingTheWolfIsComing,whichobviouslyhasalastinginfluence.Overtime,I'veincreasingrealizedtheimportanceofhonestyandtrytocarryitout.OnlythenI'mhonestandreliable,willIbetrustedwithothers.Actually,beinghonest,I'vefounditmoreeasiertomakefriends.Thevirtueofhonestywillhelpmeopenthedoortosuccessofourcareerandlife.其次節(jié)書面表達(滿分25分)[2024·西安高三第一學期檢測試題]假定你是李華，上星期四你班實行了一個關于感恩父母的主題班會。請你為校英文報寫一篇報道，內容包括：1．班會目的；2．班會過程；3．班會反響。留意：1．詞數(shù)100左右；2．請按如下格式作答。AThemeClassMeeting________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________期中檢測卷(二)第一部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)A語篇類型：應用文主題語境：人與社會——旅游——倫敦眼【語篇解讀】本篇不僅介紹了參觀倫敦眼須要留意的一些事項以及不同年齡群體的票價，還介紹了倫敦眼的其他相關信息。1．答案與解析：C考查理解詳細信息的實力。依據(jù)其次段中的“Thegradualrotationinoneofthe32high-techglasscapsulestakesapproximately30minutesandgivesyouanever-changingviewofLondon”可知，答案為C項。2．答案與解析：A考查理解詳細信息的實力。依據(jù)HowtobookLondonEyetickets？中的“TicketstotheLondonEyemustbepre-bookedontheInternetwithintheprescribedtimelimit”可知，此處must對應題干中的amust。故選A項。3．答案與解析：C考查簡潔計算的實力。依據(jù)Prices部分中供應的信息可知，兩個成人至少須要56英鎊，五歲兒子至少須要23英鎊，兩歲女兒免費。故答案為C。B語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與自我——人物故事——運動員杰克遜投身體育教化事業(yè)【語篇解讀】本文描述了優(yōu)秀運動員杰克遜的成長經驗，講解并描述了她是怎樣投身體育教化事業(yè)的，以及她對貧困兒童的體育教化所做的貢獻。4．答案與解析：B考題理解詳細信息的實力。依據(jù)其次段中的“Herprincipal...butherbest”可知，她自小受到的教化就是做事盡全力，所以校長讓她短暫不要擔憂功課讓她不興奮，故B項正確。5．答案與解析：A考查理解段落主旨要義的實力。依據(jù)第三段內容可知，Jackson是技藝超群的投球后衛(wèi)和短程賽明星選手，她原來認為她可能會成為一個體育運動廣播員，直到一個摯友帶她去參與了一個項目的介紹時，她才想到了教學。故本段主要講解并描述她是如何成為老師的，故A項正確。6．答案與解析：C考查推斷的實力。依據(jù)第四段中的“Theywillbemotivated...youcareaboutthem”可推知，她給學生小獎品是為了激勵學生學習，故C項正確。7．答案與解析：D考查推斷的實力。依據(jù)第四、五段可知，體育明星杰克遜投身到體育教化事業(yè)并為體育教化事業(yè)做了許多貢獻。文章在最終提到一個學生Essence上了名校，曾被美國女子籃球聯(lián)盟的紐約自由人球隊在第一輪運動員選拔制中選中，現(xiàn)在為太陽隊效力。由此可推知，杰克遜應當因Essence的職業(yè)生涯而獲得一些贊揚，故D項正確。C語篇類型：爭論文主題語境：人與社會——探討發(fā)覺——智商測試相關疑問【語篇解讀】本篇主要圍繞智商測試的話題綻開。有人認為智商測試對某些群體不公正。作者認為狀況并非如此，認為智商測試仍舊是最值得信任的評估方法，聘請人員時仍會用到。8．答案與解析：C考查理解詞匯的實力。依據(jù)第一段中探討人員的做法“YetintelligenceresearchersareatpainstoensurethatIQtestsarefairandnotculturallybiased”可推知，fair與biased應構成對比關系，再和介詞against搭配運用，意為“對……不利”。9．答案與解析：B考查理解詳細信息的實力。依據(jù)其次段中的“Despitethecriticism,theintelligencetestisoneofthemostreliabletestseverinvented，’saysRexJungattheUniversityofNewMexico”可知，RexJung認為智商測試是值得信任的。10．答案與解析：C考查推斷的實力。最終一段前半部分提出人們的質疑，而從后半部分“However,itisrareforexaminerstotestIQindependently...severalprofessionalstojudge”可以推知，聘請人員時，考官很少單獨測試智商，因此示意智商測試在聘請人員時仍舊會被運用。11．答案與解析：A考查理解文章主旨要義的實力。由全文內容可知本文主要以智商測試為主題綻開的。第一段提出人們關于智商測試的一些錯誤說法：智商測試對某些群體不公正等。其次段進行分析并闡明觀點：狀況并非如此。第三段重點說明全面的和較短的智商測試的特點；第四段回答人們對用智商測試來選拔工作人員的質疑。綜合全文可知：本文旨在回答一個問題——智商測試真的有用嗎？D語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與社會——科學探討——開發(fā)一種新系統(tǒng)預料閃電【語篇解讀】閃電會對人類社會造成巨大的破壞，科學家始終在探討預料和限制閃電的方法。當前的預料和限制閃電的方法，在收集數(shù)據(jù)方面既緩慢又困難。歐洲的科學家利用從氣象站收集的12年的數(shù)據(jù)開發(fā)出了一種新系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)利用機器學習算法有效地預料閃電，以削減閃電攻擊帶來的危害和損失。12．答案與解析：B考查理解詳細信息的實力。依據(jù)其次段中的“Thestrikescanalso...andcontrollightning”可知，閃電造成了很大的破壞，故氣候學家為削減閃電所帶來的危害和損失，才努力預料和限制閃電。故B項正確。13．答案與解析：A考查理解詳細信息的實力。依據(jù)第四段尾句可知，空氣污染未被提到。故A項正確。14．答案與解析：C考查理解詞匯的實力。依據(jù)第五段中的“Theatmosphericdata...lightningstrikes”可知，機器學習算法把大氣數(shù)據(jù)和閃電記錄進行比較。故it指代前面出現(xiàn)的Theatmosphericdata。故C項正確。15．答案與解析：D考查理解詳細信息的實力。依據(jù)第六段尾句和第七段內容可知，目前收集數(shù)據(jù)的方法困難且緩慢，Mostajabi和其團隊研發(fā)的收集方式提高了數(shù)據(jù)收集效率，故Mostajabi認為自己團隊所研發(fā)的收集數(shù)據(jù)方式更好。故D項正確。其次節(jié)語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與自我——財務——對自己的財務負責的建議【語篇解讀】文章主要就如何對自己的財務負責提出了三條建議。16．答案與解析：D上文講在我們的一生中，每個人都必需學會如何對自己的財務負責；下文對此提出了三條建議。D項“因此將這些建議記在腦海中是重要的”承上啟下，符合語境。故選D。17．答案與解析：C上文講學會如何合理地做預算和儲蓄是你在人生的各個階段都能用到的。C項“即使你超過了50歲，你依舊可以存更多的錢”與上文連接緊密，符合語境。故選C。18．答案與解析：F上文講為了避開不良的信用記錄，你要確保自己不會逾期還信用卡。F項“否則你再也不會得到銀行的貸款”與上文連接緊密，符合語境。故選F。19．答案與解析：A上文講在你的生活中，總有一些特定的狀況是你無法預料到會發(fā)生的；下文講可能你受傷了，或者你學校的費用遠超過你最初的預期。A項“生活不是一條直線”承上啟下，符合語境。故選A。20．答案與解析：E上文講而且你總會從學習這項技巧中獲益；下文講因此你可以專注于追求自己的愛好，和你愛的人共度時間以及參與其他的活動。E項“它將幫你變得更加自信和更加獨立”承上啟下，符合語境。故選E。其次部分語言學問運用第一節(jié)語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與社會——人物故事——醫(yī)學實習生英勇救人【語篇解讀】本文講解并描述了2024年7月20日下午，鄭州遭受洪災，地鐵五號線上一位醫(yī)學實習生英勇救人的故事。21．答案與解析：D考查語境推斷。依據(jù)下文描述他救人的詳細過程可知，此處應是他救了約12個被困地鐵中的人。故選D。22．答案與解析：A考查語境推斷。依據(jù)語境可知，此處是鄭州的降雨量一小時內達到了201.9毫米，刷新了紀錄。故選A。23．答案與解析：C考查語境推斷。此處是洪水沖破了屏障，流向了地下區(qū)域。C項“爆裂；猛沖”。故選C。24．答案與解析：A考查語境推斷。此處是在洪水漫入車廂內困住乘客前，地鐵突然停下來。故選A。25．答案與解析：D考查語境推斷。依據(jù)空后的描述可知，他自己也不能離開。故選D。26．答案與解析：D考查語境推斷。依據(jù)空前的描述可知，此處應是他很無望地給父親打了個電話。C項“考慮周到的”；D項“無望的”。故選D。27．答案與解析：B考查語境推斷。依據(jù)空前的“Aswatercontinuedtoflowintothecarriages”可推知，乘客應當感到恐驚和擔憂。C項“適應；改編本”。故選B。28．答案與解析：A考查語境推斷。依據(jù)空后的“hemadehiswaytosafety”可知，此處是當?shù)罔F工作人