人教版英語必修五-unit1-同步練習(xí)

第1頁共16頁Unit1GreatscientistsⅡ.單項(xiàng)選擇，從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇最佳答案完成句子1.Thedoctorsuggestedthatthegirl________inordertoloseweight.A.mustnoteatless B.oughtnottoeatlessC.hadbetternoteatless D.noteatless2.Thelittleboycamebacktolife________hetookthemedicinegivenbyDoctorSnow.A.atonce B.immediately C.atlast D.shortly3.AstatueofDrBethunewassetupinhonourofthecontributionshehadmade________.A.tohelpourrevolutionarywork B.inhelpourrevolutionaryworkC.tosavingsomanylivesinthewar D.forhavingsavedsomanylivesinthewar4.AspecialteamwassenttoShandongProvincetolookintothecauseofthetrainaccident.Andtheinvestigationshowedthathighspeed________.A.wastobeblamed B.wastoblame C.shouldblame D.hadtoblame5.—Whois________thepatient?—Maybehissister.A.takingcare B.lookingfor C.joiningin D.attendingon6.Hisreportaboutthedisasterwasnotbelievable.Hedidn’treallygotothespot;instead,he________thewholestory.A.thoughtup B.setup C.madeup D.putup7.Itwilldoharmtoyourhealthifyouget________totheX-raytoomuch.A.exposed B.linking C.linked D.exposing8.Manypeople________buyinggoodsinthissupermarketforitsbadservice.A.refused B.rejected C.resisted D.removed9.Finally,thingswereunder________afterdaysoftheearthquakes.A.control B.charge C.peace D.disorder10.Fromhis________face,wecouldtellhowthrillingthemoviewas.A.beingterrified B.terrifying C.havingterrified D.terrified11.Hetoldmeaboutthethings________atthemeetingyesterday.A.discussed B.tobedisscussedC.todiscuss D.beingdiscussed12.―Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?―Thekeytheproblemistomeetthedamandbythecustomers.A.tosolving;making B.tosolving;made C.tosolve;making D.tosolve;made13.―I’mverywithmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.―Mm,itdoeshaveasmell.A.pleasant;pleased B.pleased;pleased C.pleasant;pleasant D.pleased;pleasant14.It’sapleasuretowatchthefaceofa(n)baby.A.asleep B.sleep C.sleeping D.slept15.ThisisatempleduringtheQingDynasty.A.built B.tobebuilt C.havingbuilt D.beingbuiltⅢ.用括號中所給詞匯的正確形式完成下列句子1.JohnSnowtoldthestoryaboutthe________(astonish)peopleinBroadStreet.2.Don’tdrink________(pollute)water,becauseitmaycausediseases.3.Someofthepeople________(invite)tothepartycouldn’tcome.4.Thereisacar________(park)outsidethehouse.5.Wewere________(inspire)bythe________(inspire)news.6.

Whyareyoulookingso________(disappoint)?7.

Hehasbeenteachingfortenyears.Heisan________(experience)teacher.8.Fromthestomach,thediseaseattackedthebodyquicklyandsoonthe________(affect)personwasdead.9.Hissuccessissomewhat________(link)tohishardwork.10.Themanagerprefersreadingthenewspaper________(deliver)tohisofficebeforesettingaboutwork.Ⅳ.根據(jù)所給的漢語提示及重點(diǎn)詞語，將下列漢語譯成英語1.這種新藥已經(jīng)治愈了數(shù)以萬計(jì)人的天花，這說明它是有效的。(cure,prove)__________________________________________________________________________2.

昨晚半夜起來看球?qū)е卢F(xiàn)在他在課堂上睡覺。(lead)__________________________________________________________________________3.面對失敗，哭泣沒有任何用。(use)__________________________________________________________________________4.不要總把失敗歸咎于他人。有時(shí)該怪自己。(blame)__________________________________________________________________________5.他們正在全神貫注地看電影。(absorb)__________________________________________________________________________Ⅴ.完形填空 Asuccessfulscientistisgenerallyagoodobserver.Hemakesfull1ofthefactsheobserves.Hedoesn’tacceptideaswhicharenot2onfacts,andthereforerefusestoacceptauthority（權(quán)威）astheonlyreasonfortruth.Healways3ideascarefullyandmakesexperimentstoprovethem. Theriseof4sciencemayperhapsbeconsideredto5asfarbackasthe6ofRogerBacon,thewonderfulphilosopherofOxford,wholivedbetweentheyears1214and1292.HewasprobablythefirstintheMiddleAgestosuggestthatweshouldlearnscience7observingandexperimentingonthethingsaroundus,andhehimself8manyimportantdiscoveries. Galileo,however,wholivedmorethan300yearslater,wasthegreatestofseveralgreatmen,9livedinItaly,France,Germany,orEngland,beganby10toshowhowmanyimportant11couldbediscoveredbyobservation.BeforeGalileo,learnedmenbelievedthatlargebodiesfellmore12towardstheearththansmallones,becauseAristotlesaidso.ButGalileo,goingtothe13oftheLeaningTowerofPisa,letfalltwo14stonesandprovedAristotlewaswrong.ItwasGalileo’s15ofgoingdirecttoNature,andprovingouropinionsandtheoriesbyexperiment,thathasledtoallthediscoveriesofmodernscience.1.A.use B.time C.speed D.trust2.A.worked B.based C.lived D.written3.A.thinks B.checks C.has D.learn4.A.natural B.physical C.ancient D.modern5.A.date B.keep C.look D.take6.A.study B.time C.year D.birth7.A.in B.with C.on D.by8.A.did B.made C.took D.gave9.A.who B.when C.that D.where10.A.ways B.degrees C.levels D.chance11.A.truths B.problems C.people D.subjects12.A.slowly B.rapidly C.lightly D.heavily13.A.place B.foot C.top D.ceiling14.A.big B.small C.equal D.unequal15.A.spirit B.skill C.theory D.discoveryⅥ.閱讀理解，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇正確答案（A） EinsteinwasborninUlm,GermanyonMar.14,1879.Einstein’sparentsmovedfromUlmtoMunichwhenEinsteinwasstillababy.Thefamilybusinesswasthemanufactureofelectricalparts.Whenthebusinessfailed,in1894,thefamilymovedtoMilan,Italy.AtthistimeEinsteindecidedofficiallytogiveuphisGermancitizenship.Withinayear,stillwithouthavingcompletedsecondaryschool（中學(xué),Einsteinfailedanexaminationthatwouldhaveallowedhimtocontinuewithacourseofstudyleadingtoadiploma（文憑）asanelectricalengineerattheSwissFederalInstitueofTechnology.HespentthenextyearinnearbyAarauatasecondaryschool,whereheenjoyedexcellentteachersandfirst-ratefacilities（設(shè)備）inphysics.Einsteinreturnedin1896totheSwissFederalInstituteofTechnology,wherehegraduated,in1900asasecondaryschoolteacherofmathematicsandphysics. AftertwoyearshegotapostattheSwisspatent（專利）officeinBern.ThepatentofficeworkrequiredEinstein’scarefulattention,butwhileemployed（1902－1909）there,hecompletedanastonishingrangeofpublicationsintheoreticalphysics.Forthemostpartthesetextswerewritteninhissparetimeandwithoutthebenefitofclosecontact（接觸）witheitherthescientificliteratureortheoreticiancolleagues.EinsteinsubmittedoneofhisscientificpaperstotheUniversityofZurichforaPhDdegreein1905.In1908hesentasecondpapertotheUniversityofBernandbecamealecturerthere.ThenextyearEinsteinreceivedaregularappointmentasassociateprofessorofphysicsattheUniversityofZurich. By1909,EinsteinwasrecognizedthroughoutGerman-speakingEuropeasaleadingscientificthinker.1.WhichofthefollowingshowstherightorderoftheeventsthathappenedtoEinstein?a.graduatedfromtheSwissFederalInstituteofTechnologyb.movedtoMilanc.gotapostattheSwisspatentofficeinBernd.workedintheUniversityofZuriche.studiedatasecondaryschoolinAarauf.gaveuphisGermancitizenshipA.c,b,a,e,d,f B.a,b,f,e,d,c C.b,f,e,a,d,c D.b,f,e,a,c,d2.HowmanycountriesdidEinsteinstayinbeforehebecamesuccessful?A.2. B.3. C.4. D.5.3.WhatdidEinsteindowhenhewasinthepatentoffice?A.Hepaidlittleattentiontohiswork. B.Hewroteplentyofscientificworks.C.Hekeptclosecontactwithhisfriends. D.Hereadalotofphysicsbooks.4.WhichofthefollowingdoyouthinkplayedthemostimportantroleinEinstein’ssuccess?A.HisschoolyearinthesecondaryschoolinAarau.B.HisyearsintheSwissFederalInstituteofTechnology.C.HisyearsintheSwisspatentoffice.D.HisPhDdegree.（B）AllisonSchwartzfromConnecticut： MarieCurieismyherobecausesheshowsdetermination,andthatifyoukeepatyourgoalyouwillgetwhatyouwant.Shewasaninventorandascientist.ShediscoveredradiumandsheinventedthefirstmobileX-raymachinesothatsoldierscouldbeX-rayedinthefieldwhentheywerehurt.Ithoughtitwasneat（極好的）thatshewasthefirstwomantoreceivetheNobelPrizeforscience.SebastianRobbinsfromWashington: Someonewhofailedatsomethingandmovedbeyondit.Forme,itwasAlbertEinstein.WhenIheardthathefailedalgebra（代數(shù)）,Iknewwehadaconnection.WhenIheardatageninehespokehesitantly（吞吞吐吐的,IknewIhadarrived.Ididn’tletthefactsdissuade（勸阻）me.InrealityheneverfailedmathbuthedidfailintheentranceexamtothePolytechnicInstituteofZurich;thatwasenoughforme.Ihadtowalkhomewithmyshareofpapersthathad“haveyourmothercallme”writteninredonpartofthepaper.Iwouldperiodicallythinkofthewordsfromhis“gymnasium”(highschool)teacherinMunich,“Yourmerepresencehereundermines（破壞）theclass’respectforme.”RachelKernfromNewMexico: IamaseniorattheNewMexicoInstituteofMiningandTechnology,majoringinchemistrywithaminor（主修）inenvironmentalscience.Iaminterestedinmanyenvironmentalissues,includingalternative（替代性的）energy.IreallyadmirescientistssuchasLinusPauling,RachelCarson,andAlbertEinsteinwhodidnotseparatetheirprivatebeliefsfromtheirwork.Theycombinedtheirscientificknowledgewiththeirmoral（道德的）andethical（倫理的）beliefstoeducateothersonenvironmental,political,andsocialissues.OwenPainefromNewJersey IadmireEinstein.Okay,Iadmireit;I’manEinsteingroupie.SomemorningsIevenhavehishair.IhaveEinsteincalendars,coffeemugs,posters,neckties,T-shirts,biographies（傳紀(jì)）andevenalifesizesoftsculpture（雕刻）ofhimsittinginmyoffice.IhaveeverythingEinsteiniumexcepthisproblemsolvingskills.5.WhydoesAllisonSchwartzadmireMadameCurie?A.Forherdetermination. B.Forherscientificdiscovery.C.Forherscientificinvention. D.FortheNobelPrizeshewon.6.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaboutEinsteinaccordingtoSebastianRobbins?A.Hewasnotgoodatalgebraatschool.B.Hewasaboyofslowspeech.C.HefailedtheentranceexamtothePolytechnicInstituteofZurich.D.HisgymnasiumteacherinMunichlikedhim.7.RachelKernadmiresscientists.A.whodidnotseparatetheirprivatebeliefsfromtheirworkB.whocombinedtheirlifewiththeirworkC.whoeducatedothersonenvironmental,political,andsocialissuesD.whostudiedenvironmentalissues,includingalternativeenergy8.Theunderlinedword“groupie”mostprobablymeans.A.fan B.friend C.relative D.copier9.WhatcanwelearnaboutOwenPaine?A.HecollectsEinstein’shair. B.HelikestohaveEinstein’shairstylesometimes.C.HehassomeofEinstein’sT-shirts.D.HehasastonesculptureofEinstein.Ⅶ.書面表達(dá) 假如你為學(xué)校黑板報(bào)寫稿介紹諾貝爾（AlfredNobel），請根據(jù)以下提示寫一篇圖文并茂的短文。 身份：科學(xué)家，發(fā)明家，商人 個(gè)性：孤獨(dú)，謙虛，害羞，不愿告訴別人自己的想法和感情 工作：精力充沛，沉迷科學(xué)和生意，日夜研究、工作 生活：生活儉樸，經(jīng)常拒絕官方宴請 興趣：對文學(xué)感興趣，寫劇本、小說、詩歌，但都沒有發(fā)表 夢想：服務(wù)人類，設(shè)立“諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)”獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)那些對人類做出杰出貢獻(xiàn)的人注意：1.詞數(shù)120左右（開頭已寫好）。2.銜接連貫自然。3.參考詞匯：absorb,apartfrom,inadditionto,contributionliterature文學(xué)modest謙虛的WhatdoyouknowaboutAlfredNobel,FounderoftheNobelPrizes? AlfredNobelwasbornonOctober21,1833.HisfatherwasanengineerinStockholm,Sweden.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)選擇，從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇最佳答案完成句子1.D解析：suggest接賓語從句時(shí)表示“建議”，從句中應(yīng)該用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”表示虛擬，should可以省略。2.B解析：immediately相當(dāng)于連詞，表示“一……就”，后接時(shí)間狀語從句。3.C解析：makecontributionstosth/doingsth為……做貢獻(xiàn)。4.B解析：sb/sthistoblame某人/某事物應(yīng)受責(zé)備。5.D解析：attendon/upon/to伺候，看護(hù)，照料。與takecareof和lookafter為近義詞。6.C解析：thinkup想出。setup創(chuàng)設(shè)。makeup編造。putup張貼。句義是“他編造了所有的故事”，故選C。7.A解析：get/bedone表示“被……”，可以排除B和D。link連接，連結(jié)。expose暴露。根據(jù)句義“過多接觸X射線，會對健康造成危害”，故選A。8.B解析：refusetodo拒絕做某事。rejectdoing拒絕做某事。cannotresistdoing禁不住做某事。題干意思“因?yàn)榉?wù)差，許多人拒絕購買這家超市的商品”，根據(jù)句型結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)選B。9.A解析：undercontrol一切在控制中。incharge在掌管中。indisorder處于混亂。根據(jù)句義及搭配應(yīng)選A。10.D解析：從后半句可推知前半句的意思是“從他驚愕的表情”。terrifiedface驚恐的臉，表示人很害怕的表情。terrifying令人害怕的。故選D。11.A解析：句義為“他告訴我昨天在會上討論的事情”。事情是被討論，可以排除C；選項(xiàng)B表示將要被討論；選項(xiàng)D表示正在被討論；故選A。12.B解析：第一個(gè)空thekeyto…中的to是介詞，后面要接名詞或者動(dòng)名詞；第二個(gè)空要用made，過去分詞作定語，意思是“顧客提出的要求”。故選B。13.D解析：過去分詞作表語或定語時(shí)常用來修飾人，bepleasedwith…表示“對……滿意”。pleasant意思是“令人愉快的”，修飾物。故選D。14.C解析：baby與sleep之間是一種主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語；asleep只能作表語。故選C。15.A解析：temple與build之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作后置定語，tobebuilt表示要修建，還沒有修建；beingbuilt表示正在修建當(dāng)中。本句說廟宇是在清朝時(shí)修建的，所以選A。Ⅲ.用括號中所給詞匯的正確形式完成下列句子1.astonished 2.polluted 3.invited 4.parked 5.inspired;inspiring6.disappointed 7.experienced 8.affected 9.linked 10.deliveredⅣ.根據(jù)所給的漢語提示及重點(diǎn)詞語，將下列漢語譯成英語1.Aftercuringmillionsofpeopleoftheircholera,themedicineprovedeffective.2.Gettinguptowatchafootballmatchatmidnightlastnightledtohisfallingasleepatclassnow.3.Itisnousecryingoverfailure.4.Don’talwaysblamefailureonothers.Sometimesyouyourselfaretoblame.5.Theywereabsorbedin(watching)amovie.Ⅴ.完形填空1.A解析：makefulluseof為固定短語，意為“充分利用”。這里指充分采用他所觀察的事實(shí)。2.B解析：bebasedon意思為“以……為根據(jù)”。這里指以事實(shí)為依據(jù)。3.B解析：根據(jù)后面的內(nèi)容“做實(shí)驗(yàn)來證明它們”可以推知本句句義為“他總是仔細(xì)審核觀點(diǎn)并做實(shí)驗(yàn)來驗(yàn)證”。4.D解析：從此句后半部分以及本文最后一句可以知道應(yīng)該是指“現(xiàn)代科學(xué)”。5.A解析：dateback(to...)為固定短語，意思是“追溯到……時(shí)間”。6.B解析：此處time意思是“時(shí)代，時(shí)期”。7.D解析：句義為“我們應(yīng)該通過對周圍的事情進(jìn)行觀察和做實(shí)驗(yàn)來學(xué)科學(xué)”。on和by都有“靠、憑借”的意思；on后常常接名詞或代詞；by后常接動(dòng)名詞。8.B解析：makeadiscovery為固定短語，意思是“發(fā)現(xiàn)”。在此符合題意。9.A解析：此處who引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語從句，who指代前面的thegreatestofseveralg