教師資格認(rèn)定考試初級(jí)中學(xué)英語(yǔ)模擬題51

教師資格認(rèn)定考試初級(jí)中學(xué)英語(yǔ)模擬題51一、單項(xiàng)選擇題在每小題列出的四個(gè)備選項(xiàng)中選擇一個(gè)最佳答案。1.

AccordingtothePPPmodel,whichspeakingactivit（江南博哥）yinthefollowingwouldmostprobablyappearattheproductionstageoftheoralclassteaching?______A.Discussion.B.Repetition.C.Sentencepatterndrill.D.Readingandacting.正確答案：A[考點(diǎn)]考查鞏固。

[解析]句意：根據(jù)PPP模式，下列哪種口語(yǔ)活動(dòng)最有可能出現(xiàn)在口語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)的鞏固階段?在鞏固環(huán)節(jié)，教師讓學(xué)生根據(jù)特定話題進(jìn)行自由表達(dá)，鞏固環(huán)節(jié)的活動(dòng)更注重交際性。B項(xiàng)意為“重復(fù)”，C項(xiàng)意為“句型演練”，均屬于機(jī)械性活動(dòng)；A項(xiàng)意為“討論”；D項(xiàng)意為“讀然后演”，D項(xiàng)可能在練習(xí)環(huán)節(jié)出現(xiàn)，相比較來(lái)說(shuō)，A項(xiàng)更有可能在鞏固環(huán)節(jié)出現(xiàn)。故本題選A。

2.

Whenateachertellsthestudentsthattheword"dog"mayimply"loyalty",he/sheisteachingthe______oftheword.A.denotativemeaningB.collocativemeaningC.conceptualmeaningD.connotativemeaning正確答案：D[考點(diǎn)]考查語(yǔ)義學(xué)。

[解析]句意：當(dāng)教師告訴學(xué)生“dog”可能意味著“忠誠(chéng)”的含義時(shí)，教師是在教授單詞的______。GeoffreyLeech將詞的意義劃分為七種類型，分別是概念意義(conceptualmeaning)、外延意義(denotativemeaning)、內(nèi)涵意義(connotativemeaning)、文體意義(socialmeaning)、情感意義(affectivemeaning)、聯(lián)想意義(reflectedmeaning)、搭配意義(collocativemeaning)和主題意義(thematicmeaning)。其中內(nèi)涵意義是人們?cè)诟拍钜饬x的基礎(chǔ)上通過(guò)聯(lián)想而獲得的一種隱含意義，或者說(shuō)是超出純概念意義的那部分意義，它反映了人們對(duì)于某個(gè)詞匯的情感聯(lián)系。本題中狗意味著忠誠(chéng)，即屬于內(nèi)涵意義。故本題選D。

3.

You'llfindyourselfthinkingaboutnothing______whenyou'reverynervous.A.whereverB.whatsoeverC.wheneverD.however正確答案：B[考點(diǎn)]考查whatsoever的用法。

[解析]句意：當(dāng)你緊張的時(shí)候，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己什么也想不起來(lái)。whatsoever意思類似于whatever，是whatever的一種更正式和強(qiáng)調(diào)的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)形式，預(yù)期更強(qiáng)。用在否定句中，與no，not，nothing等具有否定意義的詞，構(gòu)成加強(qiáng)否定，相當(dāng)于not...atall。故本題選B。

4.

Thephoneme[n]inthefirstwordofallthefollowingphraseschangesto[m]EXCEPT______.A.oceanblueB.oceanwaterC.actionstationsD.actionmovies正確答案：C[考點(diǎn)]考查音系學(xué)。

[解析]A、B、D三項(xiàng)中的第二個(gè)單詞開頭音分別為[b]、[w]、[m]，均為雙唇音，所以其中的[n]均會(huì)被同化為[m]。而C項(xiàng)中第二個(gè)單詞的開頭音為[s]，與[n]都是齒齦音，發(fā)音部位相同，不會(huì)發(fā)生同化現(xiàn)象。故本題選C。

5.

—Whichofthetwofilmsdidyouprefer?

—ActuallyIdidn'tlike______.A.eitherofthemB.bothofthemC.noneofthemD.neitherofthem正確答案：A[考點(diǎn)]考查不定代詞。

[解析]句意：“這兩部電影你更喜歡哪部?”“事實(shí)上，這兩部我都不喜歡?！眀oth意為“兩者都”，是肯定意思；none意為“三者或三者以上都不”，是否定意思；either意為“兩者中任何一個(gè)”；neither意為“兩者都不”。根據(jù)twofilms和Ididn'tlike可知是兩者都不喜歡，didn't是否定形式，用either。故本題選A。

6.

Itissuggestedthatateachershouldnotinterruptstudentsforerrorcorrectionespeciallywhentheactivityisaimedatdeveloping______.A.accuracyB.fluencyC.complexityD.cohesion正確答案：B[考點(diǎn)]考查糾錯(cuò)。

[解析]句意：如果課程的目的是為了訓(xùn)練語(yǔ)言的______，教師不應(yīng)該為了糾錯(cuò)而打斷學(xué)生。課堂糾錯(cuò)以準(zhǔn)確性為主時(shí)，關(guān)注內(nèi)容的糾錯(cuò)；當(dāng)以流暢性為主要目的時(shí)，不應(yīng)當(dāng)立即打斷學(xué)生進(jìn)行糾錯(cuò)。A項(xiàng)“精確性”；B項(xiàng)“流利性”；C項(xiàng)“復(fù)雜性”；D項(xiàng)“銜接”。故本題選B。

7.

Whatshouldtheteachertrytoavoidwhenselectinglisteningmaterials?______A.Thetextscriptedandrecordedinthestudio.B.Thetextwithimplicatedconceptsbeyondthecomprehensionofstudents.C.Thetextwithlocalaccentsinpronunciation.D.Thetextwithsomedifficultwordsforstudents.正確答案：B[考點(diǎn)]考查聽力教學(xué)。

[解析]教師在選擇聽力材料的時(shí)候，要符合學(xué)生的認(rèn)知水平和身心發(fā)展規(guī)律，盡量避免材料里面含有超越學(xué)生理解能力的內(nèi)容。故本題選B。

8.

Whatisamazingin______natureisthatdramaticchangesmayoccurin______spaceofafewminutes.A./;aB.the;aC./;/D.the;/正確答案：A[考點(diǎn)]考查冠詞。

[解析]句意：自然界令人驚奇的是，在幾分鐘內(nèi)可能發(fā)生戲劇性的變化。innature為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“在自然界”；inaspaceof為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“在……的空間”。故本題選A。

9.

______surprisedmemostwasA.That;thatshespokeJapanesesowellB.What;howcouldshespeakJapaneseC.What;thatshespokeJapanesesowellD.That;whyshecouldspeakJapanesesowell正確答案：C[考點(diǎn)]考查名詞性從句。

[解析]句意：最讓我吃驚的是她的日語(yǔ)說(shuō)得那么好。分析句子成分可知，______surprisedmemost充當(dāng)was的主語(yǔ)從句，第二空充當(dāng)was的表語(yǔ)從句，主語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)填入連接代詞what；而結(jié)合前半句中surprised一詞可知，表語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)為陳述句，應(yīng)填入thatshespokeJapanesesowell。故本題選C。

10.

Anewparkhassprungupin______wasawastelandtenyearsago.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where正確答案：B[考點(diǎn)]考查what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。

[解析]句意：一個(gè)新公園出現(xiàn)在十年前還是一片荒地的地方。題中空處所填詞要作介詞in的賓語(yǔ)，且作從句的主語(yǔ)，由此可排除C、D項(xiàng)，因?yàn)閣here是關(guān)系副詞，只能作狀語(yǔ)，而which引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句。A項(xiàng)that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)不在從句中充當(dāng)成分，也沒(méi)有詞義。本題是由連接代詞what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于“theplacethat...”，表示“是一個(gè)什么樣的地方”。故本題選B。

11.

______tellswhereapersoncomesfrom,whereas______tellswhathedoes.A.Dialect,registerB.Style,genreC.Dialect,styleD.Register,genre正確答案：A[考點(diǎn)]考查社會(huì)語(yǔ)言學(xué)。

[解析]句意：方言可以聽出一個(gè)人從哪里來(lái)，而語(yǔ)域能夠判斷出他是做什么的。dialect意為“方言”，是某一地區(qū)的人使用的語(yǔ)言；register意為“語(yǔ)域”，即語(yǔ)言使用的場(chǎng)合和領(lǐng)域的總稱，像律師、醫(yī)生、集郵者等這些有特定職業(yè)或愛好的人群會(huì)使用特定的語(yǔ)域。genre意為“語(yǔ)體、體裁”，是文化語(yǔ)境下的產(chǎn)物；style意為“文體”，文體可以指一個(gè)人在某一特定時(shí)期說(shuō)話或書寫時(shí)特有的言語(yǔ)使用方式。故本題選A。

12.

Onlybypracticingafewhourseveryday______beabletolearnitwell.A.youcanB.canyouC.youwillD.willyou正確答案：D[考點(diǎn)]考查倒裝句。

[解析]句意：只有每天練習(xí)幾個(gè)小時(shí)，你才能學(xué)好它。only修飾的副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí)，句子要用部分倒裝，且beableto不能與can連用。故本題選D。

13.

Whichofthefollowingstatementsabouttask-basedlanguageteachingisnottrue?______A.Studentsshouldbegiventaskstoperformorproblemstosolveintheclassroom.B.Studentsaretask-driven.C.Task-basedlanguageteachingisstudent-centered.D.Task-basedlanguageteachingfollowsthePPPmodel.正確答案：D[考點(diǎn)]考查任務(wù)型教學(xué)法。

[解析]句意：以下關(guān)于任務(wù)型語(yǔ)言教學(xué)的說(shuō)法中，哪一項(xiàng)是不正確的?A項(xiàng)意為“應(yīng)該讓學(xué)生在課堂上完成任務(wù)或解決問(wèn)題”；B項(xiàng)意為“學(xué)生是任務(wù)驅(qū)動(dòng)型的”；C項(xiàng)意為“任務(wù)型語(yǔ)言教學(xué)以學(xué)生為中心”；D項(xiàng)意為“任務(wù)型語(yǔ)言教學(xué)遵循PPP模式”。前三項(xiàng)都是正確的，D項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的，任務(wù)型語(yǔ)言教學(xué)遵循的是PWP的教學(xué)模式，即Pre-task，While-task，Post-task。故本題選D。

14.

Ofallthefollowingpairsofwords,______isNOTtheminimalpair.A.bet—batB.boot—butC.rocker—lockerD.mouth—month正確答案：D[考點(diǎn)]考查音系學(xué)。

[解析]如果兩個(gè)語(yǔ)音除了在某個(gè)相同的位置上有一個(gè)音段不同以外沒(méi)有任何區(qū)別，它們就可以說(shuō)構(gòu)成了一個(gè)最小對(duì)立體(minimalpair)。bet發(fā)音為[bet]；bat發(fā)音為；boot發(fā)音為[bu:t]；but發(fā)音為；rocker發(fā)音為locker發(fā)音為；mouth發(fā)音為；month發(fā)音為，D項(xiàng)中mouth的ou是一個(gè)音，而month中的on是兩個(gè)音，不符合最小對(duì)立體的定義。故本題選D。

15.

ReadthefollowingassumptionsaboutphoneticinEnglishlearninganddecidewhichoneisright.______A.RememberingalltheInternationalPhoneticAlphabetscanautomaticallyguaranteegoodpronunciation.B.Poorpronunciationmaycauseproblemsforthelearningofotherskills.C.Stressandintonationarenotimportantforbeginninglearners.D.Adultlearnersneedtofocusonpronunciation,butyounglearnersdon't.正確答案：B[考點(diǎn)]考查語(yǔ)音教學(xué)。

[解析]句意：閱讀以下關(guān)于英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中語(yǔ)音的假設(shè)，并判斷哪一項(xiàng)是正確的。A項(xiàng)意為“記住所有的國(guó)際音標(biāo)可以自動(dòng)保證良好的發(fā)音”，錯(cuò)誤，發(fā)音更重要的是練習(xí)，只記住所有的音標(biāo)還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠；B項(xiàng)意為“糟糕的發(fā)音可能會(huì)給其他技能的學(xué)習(xí)帶來(lái)問(wèn)題”，正確，比如發(fā)音不正確會(huì)影響聽力練習(xí)的準(zhǔn)確性；C項(xiàng)意為“重音和語(yǔ)調(diào)對(duì)初學(xué)者來(lái)說(shuō)并不重要”，錯(cuò)誤，詞匯和句子的重音和語(yǔ)調(diào)不一樣，表達(dá)的含義就不一樣，所以對(duì)于任何人來(lái)說(shuō)都很重要，包括初學(xué)者；D項(xiàng)意為“成年學(xué)習(xí)者需要專注于發(fā)音，而年輕學(xué)習(xí)者則不需要”，錯(cuò)誤，發(fā)音在交際中非常重要，跟學(xué)習(xí)者的年齡沒(méi)有關(guān)系。故本題選B。

16.

Britain______forcontroloftheseainthe17thcentury.A.contendedB.contrivedC.contentedD.confined正確答案：A[考點(diǎn)]考查動(dòng)詞辨析。

[解析]句意：17世紀(jì)，英國(guó)在海上爭(zhēng)霸。contend意為“主張，為……斗爭(zhēng)，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”；contrive意為“設(shè)法做到”，及物動(dòng)詞；content意為“使?jié)M足”；confine意為“限制”。contendfor意為“為獲得……而競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”。故本題選A。

17.

Theteacherasksstudentstoreadthepassageandanswerthefollowingthreequestions.Whatabilitydoestheteacherwanttodevelopforstudents?______

Q1:FindMr.Smith'sphonenumber.

Q2:Howmanypeoplewereinjuredintheexplosion?

Q3:WhometXatY?A.Skimming.B.Pre-reading.C.Scanning.D.Carefulreading.正確答案：C[考點(diǎn)]考查閱讀教學(xué)。

[解析]題干中的三個(gè)問(wèn)題均屬于細(xì)節(jié)性問(wèn)題，所以鍛煉的是學(xué)生獲取細(xì)節(jié)信息的能力，即scanning。故本題選C。

18.

Whichofthefollowingbelongstoprojects?______A.Guessingwhatsomeoneiseating.B.Creatingaposter.C.Listeningandidentifying.D.Informationgap.正確答案：B[考點(diǎn)]考查課內(nèi)外活動(dòng)的組織與設(shè)計(jì)。

[解析]句意：下列哪一項(xiàng)屬于項(xiàng)目?A項(xiàng)意為“猜測(cè)某人在吃什么”；B項(xiàng)意為“制作一個(gè)海報(bào)”，無(wú)論是個(gè)人活動(dòng)還是小組活動(dòng)，都涉及項(xiàng)目成果的產(chǎn)出，更符合project的特點(diǎn)；C項(xiàng)意為“聽然后辨認(rèn)”；D項(xiàng)意為“信息差活動(dòng)”，無(wú)論是角色扮演還是講故事，都鍛煉的是學(xué)生的口語(yǔ)交際能力，不涉及實(shí)物的輸出。故本題選B。

19.

Whichofthefollowingactivitiescanhelpdeveloptheskilloflisteningforgist?______A.ListenandfindoutwhereJimlives.B.Listenanddecideonthebesttitleofthepassage.C.Listenandunderlinethewordsthespeakerstresses.D.Listentopairsofwordsandtelliftheyarethesame.正確答案：B[考點(diǎn)]考查聽力教學(xué)。

[解析]句意：下列哪項(xiàng)活動(dòng)可以幫助提高聽取中心大意的技巧?A項(xiàng)“聽文章找出吉姆住在哪里”；B項(xiàng)“聽文章選出最合適的標(biāo)題”；C項(xiàng)“聽文章劃出說(shuō)話者強(qiáng)調(diào)的單詞”；D項(xiàng)“聽一組詞，并判斷出它們是否一致”，聽音辨音。選項(xiàng)中只有B項(xiàng)是對(duì)文章大意的把握。故本題選B。

20.

Whichofthefollowingdoestheteacher'sresponsebelongto?______

T:Whatdoyouwanttobeinthefuture?

S:Iwanttobeapolicemantohelpgoodpeople.

T:Wow,yourideaisgreat.A.Initiatingmove.B.Respondingmove.C.Transfer.D.Follow-upmove.正確答案：D[考點(diǎn)]考查課堂話語(yǔ)。

[解析]A項(xiàng)意為“引出語(yǔ)目”；B項(xiàng)意為“回答語(yǔ)目”；C項(xiàng)意為“遷移”；D項(xiàng)意為“反饋語(yǔ)目”。老師的回應(yīng)屬于反饋語(yǔ)目。故本題選D。

TeachereducationprovidedbyU.S.collegesanduniversitieshasbeenroutinelycriticizedsinceitsinceptionintheearlynineteenthcentury,sometimesdeservedly.Theseprograms,likenon-universityprograms,areuneveninqualityandcanbeimproved.Whatmakestoday'scriticismsdifferentisanaggressiveeffortbyadvocacygroups,andself-proclaimededucationalentrepreneurstoderegulatethepreparationofteachers,andtoexpandindependent,alternativeroutesintoteaching.

Thiseffortto"disrupt"thefieldofteacherpreparationintheUnitedStateshasgainedconsiderablemomentumandlegitimacy,withventurecapitalists,philanthropy,andtheU.S.DepartmentofEducationallprovidingsponsorshipandsubstantialfunding.

ThestrengthofthiseffortisthattheUnitedStatesmayquicklyseektodismantleitsuniversitysystemandreplacemuchofitwithindependent,privateprograms.Theresultingsystemofteacherpreparationmaydifferdramaticallyinitsgovernance,structure,content,andprocessesmovingawayfromitscurrentlocationalongsidelegal,medical,andotherprofessionalpreparationthatpairsacademicdegreeswithprofessionaltraining.

Throughoutthenation,statesarereportingteachershortagesinparticularsubjectareasandgeographicallocations,andseveralstateshaveeitherpassedlegislationtolowerthestandardsforbecomingateacheror,likethestateofWashington,havelookedtowardexpandingthenumberofteachereducationproviderstotrytofillteachingvacancies.ThefederalgovernmenthascontributedtothepushtolowerstandardsforbecomingateacherwiththeTeacherPreparationAcademyprovisioninthenewK-12educationlaw,theEveryStudentSucceedsAct,whichencouragesstatestoexpandthenumberofindependentprogramsnotassociatedwithcollegesanduniversities.

Becauseofincreasingtuitionrates,aconsequenceinpart,ofcutsinfundingtopublicuniversitiesthatcontinuetoeducatemostU.S.teachers,enrollmentsincollegeanduniversityteachereducationprogramshavedeclinedinmanypartsofthecountry.Independentteachereducationprogramsarebeingviewedbysomeasanimportantpartofthesolutioninstaffingthenation'sclassroomsandaddressingourseriousandenduringproblemsineducationinequities.Additionally,advocacygroups,philanthropists,andso-callededucationentrepreneursareworkingaggressivelytoexpandtheseindependentalternativeroutesintoteaching.

GiventheseriousnessoftheteachershortageproblemintheUnitedStatesandthesubstantialmediaattentionthathasbeengiventoindependentteachereducationprogramsasthesolutiontoteachershortagesandeducationinequities,policymakersshouldverycarefullyexaminetheevidencethatexistsaboutthenatureandimpactoftheserelativelynewprogramsthatarerapidlyexpandingwhileuniversityteachereducationenrollmentsdecline.1.

WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph1aboutcriticismsagainstteachereducation?______A.Thecriticismshavebeenincreasing.B.Thecriticismsmaynotbewelljustifiedsometimes.C.Thecriticismsmainlyfocusonthequalityofnon-universityprograms.D.Thecriticismsusuallycomefromadvocacygroupsandso-callededucationalentrepreneurs.正確答案：D[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Whatmakestoday'scriticismsdifferentisanaggressiveeffortbyadvocacygroups,...alternativeroutesintoteaching.”可知“對(duì)于如今師范教育的批判主要來(lái)自宣傳組織和所謂的教育企業(yè)家”。故本題選D。

2.

Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword"momentum"inparagraph2?______A.Moment.B.Motive.C.Achievement.D.Incentive.正確答案：D[解析]詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段可知，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資家、慈善事業(yè)和美國(guó)教育部都提供了贊助和大量的資金，這使得美國(guó)在師資培養(yǎng)領(lǐng)域所做的努力獲得了很大的動(dòng)力和法律上的認(rèn)可與支持。motive更強(qiáng)調(diào)人做某事的內(nèi)在驅(qū)動(dòng)力，reasonfordoingsth.而incentive更強(qiáng)調(diào)做某件事情的外部獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)刺激，結(jié)合上下文選incentive。故本題選D。

3.

WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?______A.TheuniversitysystemoftheUnitedSateswillcompletelycollapse.B.TheuniversitysystemoftheUnitedSateswillbetotallyrestructured.C.Thenewteachereducationprogramsmaynotgrantstudentacademicdegreesinthefuture.D.Thenewteachereducationprogramswillfollowtheusualpracticeofotherprofessionalpreparation.正確答案：D[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Theresultingsystemofteacherpreparationmaydifferdramaticallyinitsgovernance,...preparationthatpairsacademicdegreeswithprofessionaltraining.”可知新的師范教育項(xiàng)目會(huì)遵照其他職業(yè)教育的慣例，D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“美國(guó)的高等教育系統(tǒng)會(huì)完全瓦解”；B項(xiàng)“美國(guó)高等教育系統(tǒng)將會(huì)被完全調(diào)整”，說(shuō)法太絕對(duì)；C項(xiàng)“未來(lái)私立師范項(xiàng)目將不會(huì)為師范學(xué)生頒發(fā)學(xué)位證書”，文中未提及。故本題選D。

4.

Whatmeasureshavebeentakenbysomestatestodealwiththeirteachershortages?______A.Toincreasethenumberofqualifiedteachers.B.Toincreasefundsforteachereducationprograms.C.Toexpandnon-universityteachereducationprograms.D.Toestablishthebaselineofteachereducationprograms.正確答案：C[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“...whichencouragesstatestoexpandthenumberofindependentprogramsnotassociatedwithcollegesanduniversities.”，聯(lián)邦政府決定擴(kuò)大非大學(xué)教師培訓(xùn)課程。故本題選C。

5.

Whichofthefollowingistrueoftheindependentteachereducationprograms?______A.Theyareinitiatedtodealwithteachershortagesandeducationinequities.B.Theyaimedtoraisethestandardsofteachereducationprograms.C.Theycompetewiththeuniversityteachereducationprograms.D.Theycanreplacetheuniversityteachereducationprograms.正確答案：A[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)本文可知，教師短缺和教育不公平問(wèn)題使得自主教師培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目發(fā)展起來(lái)。故本題選A。

Self-drivingvehiclesthreatentosendtruckdriverstotheunemploymentoffice.Computerprogramscannowwritejournalisticaccountsofsportingeventsandstockpricemovements.Thereareevencomputersthatcangradeessayexamswithreasonableaccuracy,whichcouldrevolutionizemyownjob.Increasingly,machinesareprovidingnotonlythebrawnbutthebrains,too,andthatraisesthequestionofwherehumansfitintothispicture—whowillprosperandwhowon'tinthisnewkindofmachineeconomy?

Withinfiveyears,wearelikelytohavetheworld'sbesteducation,orclosetoit,onlineandfree.Butnoteveryonewillsitdownandgothroughthematerialwithoutaprofessorpushingthemtodothework.

Thosewhoaremotivatedtouseonlineresourceswilldomuch,muchbetterinthegenerationstocome.It'salreadythecasethatthebeststudentsfromIndiaareatthetopinmanyCourseraclasses,puttingAmerica'sarguablylessmotivatedbrightyoungpeopletoshame."Free"doesn'treallyhelpyouifyoudon'tmakeaneffort.

Yoursmartphonewillrecorddataonyourlifeand,whenasked,willtellyouwhattodo,drawingondatafromyourhomeorfromyourspouseandfriendsifneedbe."You'vethrownoutthatbreadthelastthreetimesyou'veboughtit,giveitapass"willbeatextmessageofthefuture.Howabout"Nowisnotthetimetostartanotherargumentwithyourwife"?TheGPSisjustthebeginningofcomputer-guidedinstruction.

Takeyoursmartphoneonadate,anditmightvibrateinyourpockettoindicate"Kisshernow."Ifyouhesitateforfearofbeingseenaspushy,itmaywrite:"Whocaresifyoulookbad?Youaresamplingoptimallyinthequestforalifetimecompanion."

Thosewhowon'tlisten,orwhorebeloutofspite,willbemissingoutonglitteringprizes.Thoseofuswholistenwhileoftenenvied,mayfeelmorelikepuppetswithdeflatedpride.

Alotofjobswillconsistofmakingpeoplefeeleitherverygoodorverybadaboutthemselves.Coaches,mentorsanddisciplinarianswillspreadtomanyareasoflife,atleastforthoseofuswhocanstandtolistentothem.Thesepeoplewillcajoleus,flatterusandshameusintoimprovingourlives,ourworkhabitsandourconsumption.That'swhysomanypeoplegotoyogaclassinsteadofrelyingonthepodcast.Managerswhoaremotivatorsoffirst-ratetalentwillseetheirearningscontinuetorise.

Computingandsoftwarewillmakeiteasiertomeasureperformanceandproductivity.

Itwillbehardertoglossoverourfailingsandmaintainself-deception.Inessenceeveryonewillsufferthefateofprofessionalchessplayers,whoalwaysknowwhentheyhavelostagame,haveanexactnumericalratingfortheiroverallperformance,andfindexcusesforfailurehardtocomeby.

Individualswillhavemanymeasuresoftheirproficiency.Theywillhaveanincentivetodisclosethatinformationtogetthebetterjoborsocialopportunity.You'llassumetheworstaboutthosewhokeepsecrets,andsoopennesswillreign.ManyofuswillstarttohatetheideaofBigData.6.

Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword"brawn"inParagraph1?______A.Job.B.Meat.C.Physicalstrength.D.Mentalagility.正確答案：C[解析]詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段第四句“Increasingly，machinesareprovidingnotonlythebrawnbutthebrains,too”可知brawn和brain的邏輯關(guān)系；根據(jù)上下文可知，含有“體力”的含義。故本題選C。

7.

Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"thequestion"inParagraph1referto?______A.Wheredohumansfitintothispicture?B.Willmachineseventuallyreplacehumanbeings?C.Whichcouldrevolutionizemyownjob,teachingatschool?D.Whowillprosperandwhowillnotinthismachineeconomy?正確答案：D[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“thequestion”后一句可知，問(wèn)題在于“哪些人能在這種新型的機(jī)器經(jīng)濟(jì)中成功，哪些人不會(huì)成功”。故本題選D。

8.

Whatmakestheinstructionssentbysmartphonesvaluableandreliableforpeoplewhendoingthings?______A.Aglobalpositioningsysteminstalledinallsmartphones.B.Informationcollectedandelicitedbysmartphonesfromyourlife.C.Anoptimalsamplingsoftwaretostoreinformationinsmartphones.D.Vibrationssmartphonesmakeinyourpocketasaconstantreminder.正確答案：B[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Yoursmartphonewillrecorddataonyourlifeand,whenasked,willtellyouwhattodo,drawingondatafromyourhomeorfromyourspouseandfriendsifneedbe.”可知，智能手機(jī)會(huì)記錄你生活中的數(shù)據(jù)，當(dāng)被問(wèn)及時(shí)，它會(huì)告訴你該怎么做。如果需要的話，它還會(huì)從你家里或你的配偶和朋友那里獲取數(shù)據(jù)。所以智能手機(jī)發(fā)出的指令才會(huì)可靠有價(jià)值。故本題選B。

9.

Whowillbemostlikelytosufferfromthistechnologicalrevolution?______A.Fashiongurusspecializinginproducing,modeling,ormarketingfashion.B.Americanyoungpeoplewhodonotmakegooduseofonlinecourses.C.Individualskeepingtheinformationabouttheirproficiencytothemselves.D.Professionalchessplayerswhoarenotabletocalculatetheplayoutcome.正確答案：C[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Youwillassumetheworstaboutthosewhokeepsecrets,andsoopennesswillreign.ManyofuswillhatetheideaofBigData.”可知，那些不公開自己隱私信息的人可能會(huì)遭受更多困擾。故本題選C。

10.

WhywillmanypeoplestarttohateBigDataaccordingtothelastparagraph?______A.Becausepeoplewillhavenoprivacyandcan'ttellanyliesatall.B.Becausetheyfacilitateperformanceandproductivityassessment.C.Becausetheygivepeoplenochoicebuttocomplywithcomputers.D.Becausepeoplehavefounditreallyhardtofinishdoingeverything.正確答案：A[解析]細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“hateBigData”定位到最后一段可知，大數(shù)據(jù)讓人們沒(méi)有隱私，并且不能說(shuō)謊。故本題選A。

二、簡(jiǎn)答題根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。1.

詞匯是英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的重要組成部分，詞匯教學(xué)是英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的重要基石。在詞匯教學(xué)的過(guò)程中，有哪些基本原則?詞匯呈現(xiàn)的策略有哪些?請(qǐng)列舉至少4種。正確答案：(1)詞匯教學(xué)原則：

①情境原則

②多樣化原則

③復(fù)現(xiàn)原則

④策略原則

⑤自主學(xué)習(xí)原則

⑥反饋原則

(2)詞匯呈現(xiàn)策略：

①采用實(shí)物、圖片、簡(jiǎn)筆畫、模擬動(dòng)作表演、手勢(shì)等方式呈現(xiàn)詞匯，避免翻譯；

②提供上下文的情境或定義，即從語(yǔ)境中學(xué)習(xí)詞匯；

③用同義詞或反義詞解釋新詞；

④利用詞根、詞干、前綴、后綴、轉(zhuǎn)化、合成(root/base，stem，prefixation，suffixation，conversion，compounding)學(xué)習(xí)記憶擴(kuò)充新單詞；

⑤在詞組語(yǔ)塊中教學(xué)英語(yǔ)單詞；

⑥對(duì)于較抽象的詞匯或?qū)Ｓ忻~可采用解釋或翻譯方式。如X-ray意為“X射線”；virtue意為“美德”等；

⑦及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)生可能誤解和疑惑的詞匯，重點(diǎn)呈現(xiàn)和講解。

三、教學(xué)情境分析題根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。

下面是某初中教師在教學(xué)一篇有關(guān)職業(yè)的課文前的活動(dòng)片段。

(上課鈴響，教師先讓學(xué)生聽一首英文歌曲，然后進(jìn)行下列活動(dòng)。)

T:Howdoyoulikethissong?Doyouknowthenameofthissong?

S1:Sorry.Idon'tknow.

T:It'sOK.Doesanybodyknowthenameofthissinger?

S2:HisnameisRobbieWilliams.

T:Exactly.Doyouknowthenameofthesong?

S2:Abetterman.

T:Excellent!ItisAbetterman.Wedon'tknowmuchabouthim,butheisasinger.Lily,wouldyouliketobeasingerinthefuture?

S3:No.

T:Whatwouldyouliketobe?

S3:Iwanttobeadoctor.

T:(ToS4)Whatwouldyouliketobe?

S4:Iwanttobeateacher.

…(該活動(dòng)持續(xù)10分鐘)

根據(jù)上面的信息，從下面三個(gè)方面作答。1.

請(qǐng)說(shuō)說(shuō)該教學(xué)活動(dòng)環(huán)節(jié)、目的及注意事項(xiàng)。正確答案：該教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)是導(dǎo)入環(huán)節(jié)。

導(dǎo)入環(huán)節(jié)的目的：一是指向作用：使學(xué)生集中注意，明確目的任務(wù)；二是激發(fā)作用：激發(fā)求知，產(chǎn)生興趣；三是鋪墊作用：聯(lián)系舊知，以做鋪墊。

導(dǎo)入的注意事項(xiàng)：導(dǎo)入要有針對(duì)性：必須依據(jù)教學(xué)內(nèi)容、目標(biāo)及學(xué)生實(shí)際情況來(lái)進(jìn)行針對(duì)性的設(shè)計(jì)。導(dǎo)入要有趣味性：激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)熱情。導(dǎo)入要有啟發(fā)性：?jiǎn)⒌蠈W(xué)生思維，引起學(xué)生思考。導(dǎo)入要有多樣性：形式多樣，富于變化。導(dǎo)入要有簡(jiǎn)潔性：3-5分鐘即可。

2.

請(qǐng)談?wù)勗摻虒W(xué)活動(dòng)環(huán)節(jié)的設(shè)計(jì)意圖及方法。正確答案：教師的設(shè)計(jì)意圖與方法：該教師利用英文歌曲和歌手來(lái)導(dǎo)入本課，能激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣，幫助學(xué)生更好地理解本課學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容。使用的方法有情境導(dǎo)入法。情境教學(xué)以其直觀性、趣味性、生動(dòng)性，激發(fā)了學(xué)生的參與和學(xué)習(xí)欲望。

3.

請(qǐng)談?wù)勗摻虒W(xué)活動(dòng)片段存在的問(wèn)題。正確答案：該教學(xué)活動(dòng)環(huán)節(jié)存在的問(wèn)題：①導(dǎo)入的相關(guān)性差，不夠直接。授課教師過(guò)多地關(guān)注歌手和英文歌曲的名稱，會(huì)誤導(dǎo)學(xué)生認(rèn)為本課話題是與英文歌曲有關(guān)，并不會(huì)想到是與職業(yè)有關(guān)。②導(dǎo)入的內(nèi)容與學(xué)生的水平差距較大，不符合學(xué)生的現(xiàn)有水平。在導(dǎo)入開始，讓學(xué)生在不熟悉的歌曲名稱和歌手上感到困惑，容易打擊到學(xué)生的積極性。③導(dǎo)入形式單調(diào)，缺乏多樣性。播放完歌曲后，該教師就一直以一問(wèn)一答的形式進(jìn)行，過(guò)于單調(diào)。④導(dǎo)入時(shí)間過(guò)長(zhǎng)，導(dǎo)入活動(dòng)持續(xù)了10分鐘。

四、教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)題根據(jù)提供的信息和語(yǔ)言素材設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)方案，用英文作答。1.

根據(jù)提供的信息和語(yǔ)言素材設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)方案，用英文作答。

請(qǐng)閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語(yǔ)言素材，設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)20分鐘的英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)課的教學(xué)方案，教案沒(méi)有固定格式，但必須包含下列要點(diǎn)：

●teachingobjectives

●teachingcontents

●keyanddifficultpoints

●majorstepsandtimeallocation

●activitiesandjustifications

教學(xué)時(shí)間：20分鐘

學(xué)生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學(xué)八年級(jí)(初中二年級(jí)學(xué)生)，班級(jí)40人，多數(shù)學(xué)生已達(dá)到《義務(wù)教育英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(2022年版)》相應(yīng)水平，學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。

語(yǔ)言素材：

Lingling:Hi,everyone!Comeinandfindsomewheretositdown.Sorry,it'sabitofamess.I'llputthefansontheshelf.

Betty:Letmehavealook.You'vegotsomanyfans.

Lingling:Yes,aboutsixty.

Betty:Wheredidyougetthem?

Lingling:Mostofthemarepresents.PeopleoftengivemefansaspresentsbecausetheyknowIlikethem.Doyoucollectanything?

Betty:Yes,Icollectcoinsandnotes,youknow,likeBritishpoundsandUSdollars.

Lingling:Coins?Theymustbereallyvaluable.CanIseethem?

Betty:Sure!I'llshowyoumystampstoo.I'vecollectedstampsfromallovertheworld.I'vegotsixorsevenbooksofstamps.

Tony:Myhobbydoesn'tcostasmuchasyours—Icollecttickets,busticketsandtraintickets!

Betty:Youcan'tdoanythingwitholdtickets!

Tony:Iknow,butwhenIlookatthem,Iremembersomewonderfulplaces.

Lingling:Right!Theirvalueisn'talwaysimportant.Peoplealsocollectthingsjusttoremembersomethingimportantintheirlives.正確答案：1.TeachingContents

Itisaconversationaboutcollections.Threechildrenaretalkingaboutthethingstheyhavebeencollecting.

2.TeachingObjectives

(1)LanguageAbility

Studentscanunderstandtheconversationandtalkabouttheirowncollections.

(2)CulturalAwareness

①Students'loveforlifecanbefurtherstimulated.

②Studentscanlearntoformtheirowngoodhobbies.

(3)ThinkingCapacity

Studentscanimprovetheircriticalthinkingabilitythroughtalkingabouttheircollectionsindailylifefreely.

(4)LearningAbility

Students'listeningandspeakingabilitiescanbeimprovedthroughvariousactivities.

3.TeachingKeyPoint

Howtoencouragestudentstobewillingtospeakandsharetheiropinions.

4.TeachingDifficultPoint

Howtostimulatestudents'criticalthinkingability.