新教材2024年高中英語學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量檢測1Unit1ScienceFiction新人教版選擇性必修第四冊

Unit1學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量檢測選擇題部分第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Wherearethespeakersnow？__A__A．Atalibrary. B．Ataclinic. C．Inadormitory.2．Whatjusthappened？__A__A．Theglasswasbroken.B．Thewomanfelldown.C．Themandroppedhisglass.3．Whatwillthewomandonext？__C__A．Comforttheman. B．Turntheheatup. C．Fetchablanket.4．Whenwillthemanarriveattheairport？__B__A．At6:00pm. B．At7:00pm. C．At8:00pm.5．Whydoesthewomanpreferthecar？__C__A．Itisswift. B．Itischeap. C．Itisconvenient.其次節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6和第7兩個小題。6．Whereisthemanlookingattheflowers？__B__A．Ataflowershop. B．Onamagazine. C．OntheInternet.7．Whatcolorofroseswillthemangivetohismom？__C__A．Red. B．Purple. C．Yellow.聽第7段材料，回答第8和第9兩個小題。8．Howdidthemancometoschooltoday？__B__A．Bybike. B．Onfoot. C．Bycar.9．Whatshouldthemantrytoworkon？__C__A．Spelling. B．Pronunciation. C．Grammar.聽第8段材料，回答第10至第12三個小題。10．Whatisthemanintheband？__B__A．Aguitarplayer. B．Asinger. C．Adrummer.11．Whatispuzzlingthemannow？__B__A．Whethertheyshouldmakefamequickly.B．Whethertheyshouldgoontour.C．Whethertheyshouldstartaband.12．Whatadvicedoesthewomangivetotheman？__A__A．Playmusicoutoflove.B．Selllotsofrecords.C．Attractmorefans.聽第9段材料，回答第13至第16四個小題。13．Howdoesthemanfeelnow？__B__A．Excited. B．Worried. C．Embarrassed.14．Whatwillthemando？__A__A．Beateacher. B．Gotocollege. C．Doexercise.15．Whatadvicedoesthemangiveontakingnotes？__C__A．Toputdowneveryword.B．Tousewordsinsteadofphrases.C．Towritedownkeyinformation.16．Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman？__A__A．Hecanbeagoodteacher.B．Helikesnatureverymuch.C．Heneedsmorepractice.聽第10段材料，回答第17至第20四個小題。17．Whatdidresearchersstudyintwotests？__B__A．Thewayofseagulls’stealingfood.B．Theeffectsofstaringatseagulls.C．Thedifferentfoodthieves.18．Whatdidonefourthofbirdsdowitheyecontactinthetest？__C__A．Theyflewawayimmediately.B．Theystoodstillandlookedatthefood.C．Theymadeanattempttostealfood.19．WhatdidMadeleinethinkofseagulls？__B__A．Theysnatchedfoodviolently.B．Theystolefoodsecretly.C．Theyattackedpeopleaggressively.20．Howdopeoplestopseagullsstealingfoodeffectively？__C__A．Byfeedingthemfirst.B．Bysettingabigtrap.C．Bystaringatthem.聽力原文Text1W：Myheadisheavy.Iamalwaystiredinclass.MaybeIhavetogotoaclinic.M：No.Youaretoobusyfortheexamsrecently.Returnthebooktothelibrarianandgobacktothedormitorytohaveagoodrest.Text2W：Canyouseizethatglassbeforeitfalls?M：Ican’t.Ihavesomethinginmyhands.W：Oops.Thereitgoes.I’llcleanitup.Text3M：It’sverycoldtonight!Canyouturntheheatup?W：I’llbringyouanotherblanket,whichwillmakeyoucomfortable.M:OK,pleasedothat.Text4M：Myflightleavesat8:00tonight.WhattimedoyouthinkIshouldgettotheairport?W：Well,you’llneedtogothroughsecuritychecksandthenfindyourplane.So,maybeat6:00p.m.M：Idon’tthinkitwilltakethatlong.I’llgetthereat7:00p.m.instead.Text5M：WehavetogouptoLondonforacoupleofdaysnextweek.Iprefertogoonthetrain,butIsupposeyouwanttotakethecar.W：Oh,Imuchprefertogobycar,andthenwedon’tneedtogettothestationwithourluggage.Text6W：Hey,Taylor.Whatareyoudoing?M：I’mlookingataflowermagazine.See?Theseredandpurplerosesaresobeautiful.Tomorrowismymom’sbirthday.Shelovesflowers.W：Youcansendhersome.Flowerscanmakeabirthdaybright.M：Yes.Mydadgavemymomflowersontheirweddinganniversary.Icangoonlineandchoosesomeflowersformymom.W：Doit.Flowerscanremindherofyourlove.Whatkindofflowersdoesshelike?M：Shelovesroses.Lookattheseyellowroses.Theyareverybeautiful.W：Yes.Theyare.Youcansendheradozenyellowroses.M：That’sagreatidea.Text7W：Vinodh,whyareyoulatetoday?M：Icameonfoot.Ihaveaninjuryinmyleg.W：YesterdayyoualsocamelatetoEnglishclass.M：Icamewithmyfatherinhisbike.Wewereheldupinatrafficjam.Iwillnotexcuseyouafterthis.W：HowmanymarksdidyouscoreinEnglishIpaperaboutspellingandpronunciation?M：Iscored60%,madam.W：InEnglishⅡPaper?M：Iscored48%only.W：Thenyouarecarelessinlearninggrammar.M：Ishalltrytoimprove,madam.Text8M：So,IhavethisreallyimportantthingthatIneedtoaskyouabout,Marni.W：Yeah,whatisit?M：Afriendofmineplaystheguitar.Icansing.I’vegotadrummer.Andwe’dreallyliketomakeourbandfamous.W：OK,well,Ithinkit’sgreatthatyouwanttostartaband.Butgettingfameandfortunequicklyisn’tthebestapproach.M：OK,OK.Abigthing…Wewanttogoontour.Wewanttoseetheworld.Wewantsomefans.W：Ithinkyouneedtodothisbecauseyoureallyloveplayingmusic.M：Ofcourse.Weloveplayingtogether.It’salotfun.Wewanttotour.So,Iampuzzled:shouldwe,orshouldn’twe?W：WhenIwasinaband，itwasjustbecausewelovedplayingtogetherandwelovedmakingmusic.Andwedidn’tcareifwesoldlotsofrecords,ortoured,orhadfans.Wejustwantedtomakemusic.M：Iappreciatethat.Thanks.Text9W：What’sgoingon，Larry?M：Oh,nothing.W：Comeon.Icantellwhenyou’reanxious.What’sup?M：It’sjust…WhatifI’mnotcutouttobeateacher?W：Youjustneedtostartoffontherightfoot.Whydon’tyoupracticeonme?M：How?W：Teachmesomething.Teachmehowtotakenotes.Itwillbegoodpracticeforyousinceyou’regoingbacktoschool.M：Well,OK.Totakenotes,you’llneedapenandpaper.W：Gotit!M：Takingnotesiswritingdownthemostimportantinformationthatyourteacherisgivingyou.W：Taking…notes….M：Youdon’tneedtowritedowneveryword,justthemostimportantideas.Forexample,ifIsaid，“Micearemammals.Theyareanimalswhichcomeoutatnight.”，youshouldwritedown“mice,atnight”，themostimportantideas.W：See?You’restartingoffontherightfoottobecomeateacher.M：Doyoureallythinkso?W:Yes,Ido.You’reanatural.M：Thanks.Text10M：ResearchershavecomeupwithausefulmethodtodiscourageseagullsfromstealingyourpicnicsandwichesormakingagrabforyourFrenchfries.Theadviceistostareatthebirdstopreventanyfoodtheft.ThisvaluabletipcomesfromastudyfromtheUniversityofExeterintheUK.Researchersconductedtestsontheeffectsofstaringattheseabirds.Theyputabagoffriesonthegroundandmonitoredhowlongittookgullstoapproachandsnatchthefrieswithoutaresearcherlookingatthebirds.Theythencarriedoutthesametest,butthistimearesearchermadeeyecontactasabirdapproached.Thebirdstookextra21secondstoapproachthefoodwhenaresearcherstaredatthem.Theresearchersconcludedthattheseagullswerepreventedbythehumangaze.Only25percentofthebirdsmadeanattempttotaketheresearchers’foodwiththeeyecontact.Three-quartersofthebirdsjuststoodstillandlookedatthefoodorflewaway.LeadresearcherMadeleineGoumassaid，“Inoticedthatgullsseemedtohaveabadreputationforfood-snatching,butIsawithappenquiterarely.WhenIdidseeithappen,gullsoftenswoopedinfrombehind,andthepeoplewerecompletelyunaware.Gullsareoftenseenasaggressiveandwillingtotakefoodfromhumans,soitwasinterestingtofindthatmostwouldn’tevencomenearduringourtests.”其次部分：閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。A(2024·全國乙卷)TheBiggestStadiumsintheWorldPeoplehavebeenpouringintostadiumssincethedaysofancientGreece.Inaround80A．D．,theRomansbuilttheColoseum,whichremainstheworld’sbestknownstadiumandcontinuestoinformcontemporarydesign.Rome’sColosseumwas157feettallandhad80entrances,seating50，000people.However,thatwassmallfrycomparedwiththecity’sCircusMaximus,whichaccommodatedaround250，000people.Thesedays,safetyregulations—nottomentionthemodernsportsfan’sdesireforagoodviewandacomfortableseat—tendtokeepstadiumcapacities(容量)slightlylower.Evensoccerfanstendtohaveaseateach；gonearethedaysofthousandsstandingtowatchthematch.Forthebiggeststadiumsintheworld,wehaveuseddatasuppliedbytheWorldAtlaslistsofar,whichranksthembytheirstatedpermanentcapacity,aswellasupdatedinformationfromofficialstadiumwebsites.Allthesestadiumsarestillfunctional,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsport.●Rungrado1stofMayStadium,Pyongyang，D．P.R.Korea.Capacity：150，000．Opened：May1，1989．●MichiganStadium,AnnArbor,Michigan，U.S.Capacity：107，601．Opened：October1，1927．●BeaverStadium,StateCollege,Pennsylvania，U.S.Capacity：106，572．Opened：September17，1960．●OhioStadium,Columbus,Ohio，U.S.Capacity：104，944．Opened：October7，1922．●KyleField,CollegeStation,Texas，U.S.Capacity：102，512．Opened：September24，1927．文章大意：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了幾個世界上最大的體育場館的地理位置、正式開放的時間以及客容量等內(nèi)容。21．HowmanypeoplecouldtheCircusMaximushold？__D__A．104，944． B．107，601．C．About150，000． D．About250，000．解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段最終一句“However,thatwassmallfrycomparedwiththecity’sCircusMaximus,whichaccommodatedaround250，000people.”可知，馬克西姆斯大賽場可容納約25萬人。故選D。22．Ofthefollowingstadiums,whichistheoldest？__C__A．MichiganStadium. B．BeaverStadium.C．OhioStadium. D．KyleField.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文末有關(guān)體育場館的介紹可知，密歇根體育場于1927年正式開放，海貍體育場于1960年正式開放，俄亥俄體育場于1922年正式開放，凱爾體育場于1927年正式開放。對比正式開放的時間可知，這四個體育場中，俄亥俄體育場是最古老的體育場。故選C。23．Whatdothelistedstadiumshaveincommon？__A__A．Theyhostbiggames.B．Theyhavebecometouristattractions.C．TheywerebuiltbyAmericans.D．Theyarefavoredbyarchitects.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段“Allthesestadiumsarestillfunctional,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsport.”可知，全部這些體育場館仍在運用，仍向公眾開放且仍在舉辦世界重大體育賽事。由此可知，所列出的這些體育場館的共同之處在于它們都舉辦大型賽事。故選A。BWithallthewars,fightingandsadnessesintheworldtoday,it’snotonlynecessary,butalsoessentialtohaveagoodsenseofhumourjusttohelpusgetthrougheachandeverydayofourlives.Puttingasmileonsomeone’sfacewhenknowingtheyarefeelingdowninthedumpsmakesmefeelgoodandwarmsmyheart.Howwouldyoufeelifyoucouldnotjokearoundwithyourwife/husband,children,co-workers,neighbours,closefriends,orevenjustsomeonethatyouarestandinginlinewithatthecornerstore?Iamalwayssayingthingsthatmakeotherssmileorlaugh,evenifIdon’tknowthepersonI’mjokingwith.Mygrandmaalwaysfoundhumourineverythingshedid,evenifitwasthehardestjobanyonecouldimagine.Notonlydoesthisrelievestressinanysituation,butitisalsocommoncourtesy(禮貌)tospeaktoothersthatarearoundyou.Iknowofafewpeoplethatdon’thaveafunnyboneintheirbodies,astheysay.Everyonearoundthemcouldberollingonthefloorafterhearingagreatjokebuttheywouldsittherewithouttheslightestsmileontheirfaces.Theydon’tgetthejokethatmakesotherslaugh.Iambustingagutwhiletheyjustsitthere,lookingatmeasifIwerefromouterspace.Howcanpeoplenotgetareallyfunnyjoke?Laughingisessentialtokeepyourstresslevelsundercontrol.Withouthumourwewouldfindourselveswithalotofpsychologicalproblems,oronmedicationtokeepusfromgoingcrazy.Therearetoomanysadnessesinthispresentworld.Theydrivepeoplecrazy.Weallneedtofindawaytoignorethesadnessesandbringalittlelightintoourlives.So，Ibelieveourbestmedicineistogettogetherandtellsomejokesandhavesomefunlaughingtogether.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。現(xiàn)實社會里有很多讓人哀痛的事情，而幽默能化解這種哀痛。作者為我們說明了幽默的作用，目的在于激勵人們在日常生活中多些幽默感。24．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthepresentworld？__C__A．Satisfied. B．Positive.C．Critical. D．Indifferent.解析：觀點看法題。依據(jù)文章第一段中的“Withallthewars,fightingandsadnessesintheworldtoday”和最終一段中的“Therearetoomanysadnessesinthispresentworld.Theydrivepeoplecrazy.Weallneedtofindawaytoignorethesadnessesandbringalittlelightintoourlives.”可知，作者認為我們現(xiàn)在的生活里有很多讓人哀痛的事情，它們會把人逼瘋。由此可推知作者對現(xiàn)在的世界持批判的看法。故選C。25．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase“bustingagut”inthethirdparagraph？__D__A．Explainingcarefully. B．Speakingloud.C．Keepingsilent. D．Laughinghard.解析：詞義揣測題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Theydon’tgetthejokethatmakesotherslaugh.Iambustingagutwhiletheyjustsitthere,lookingatmeasifIwerefromouterspace.”可推知，作者笑得很厲害，而自稱沒有幽默感且無法理解某個笑話的人坐在那里看著作者，似乎作者是來自外太空一樣。while表示對比，表示作者的反應(yīng)和那些無法理解某些笑話的人不同，故作者應(yīng)當(dāng)是在大笑。故選D。26．Whyishumourusefulaccordingtotheauthor？__C__A．Itmakespeoplemoreconfident.B．Itcanhelpgetridofthecrueltiesintheworld.C．Itcanliftpeople’sspirits.D．Itcanhelppeoplegetonwellwithothers.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段可知，幽默是最好的藥，能讓我們遺忘生活中哀痛的事情，重新打起精神。故選C。27．What’sthepurposeoftheauthorbywritingthepassage？__B__A．Tointroduceapracticalwaytogetthroughdailylife.B．Toencouragepeopletobehumorousindailylife.C．Toconvincepeopleofthepowerofhumour.D．Totalkabouthisownunderstandingofhumour.解析：推理推斷題。作者在本文中著重介紹了幽默的重要性，目的就是激勵人們在日常生活中多些幽默感。故選B。C(2024·江蘇南京中華中學(xué))Onceuponatime,sciencefictionwasjustastyleamongotherstyles.Therewerecrimestories,therewerehorrorstories,therewasliteraryfiction,andtherewassciencefiction.Buttodaysciencethemesdominatetheseotherstyles.It’sdifficulttothinkofhowmuchmoderncrime,horroror“serious”fictionthatdoesn’tinvolvescience.Andit’snotjustbooks.Witheverysecondmoviesandcomputergameshavingasci-fielement,sciencefictionseemstohavecontrolledourentireentertainmentculture.It’sclearthatifwewanttodefinesciencefiction,weshouldrelateittotherolethatscienceplaysinourlives.Althoughsomeexpertshaveclaimedtobeabletotracesci-fibacktoancienttimes,itismorereasonabletofinditininitialforminthe19thcentury,whenindustrialsocietiesarose.Oneofthefeaturesthatsetindustrialsocietiesapartfromotherkindswastheincreasingpartthatscienceplayedineverydaylife.Factorieswithvastmachinesturnedouthugequantitiesofgoods,whichweretransportedbytrains,motorvehiclesandshipsallovertheworld.Citieswerebuiltonthebackoftechnology,withelectricityinhomesandhospitalshelpingeveryonetoleadahealthier,moreconvenientlife.Allofthesechangeshadgreateffectsnotonlyonpeople’sreallife,butontheirimaginaryone.Writersbegantodescribethechangingphysicalandmentalsociallandscape,eventuallygivingsciencefictionalargeanddevotedfanbaseofespeciallyyoungreaders,whofoundthatitspoketotheircuriosityaboutthefuturethatsciencewouldcreate.Butsci-fireflectedfearsofsciencemorethanitdidhopes.ThesetypicalearlysciencefictionnovelsmightbeaUKnovellikeH．G．Wells’TheWaroftheWorlds(1897).Withgreatskills,WellswroteonthefearoftechnologybyimaginingEarthunderthreatbyacivilisation—thatofmenfromMars.Thesciencefictionoftodayexpressestheimpactofthecomputingrevolution,roboticsandourenvironmentalchallenges,whileitislessconcernedwith“l(fā)ittlegreenmenfromMars”andotherthemesofpastsci-fi.Giventhatscience,technologyandpolitiesarealwaysintertwined,contemporarysciencefictionoftenhasagreatdealtosayaboutpower.Manyrecentnovels—likeAmericanCoryDoctorow’sLittleBrother(2008)—areconcernedwithgovernmentandsecurityservice“strategy”againstthepeople,particularlyastherevelationofwhistle-blowers.Thiscangivesci-fiwritinga“skeptical(懷疑的)”feel.Thisunderlinesoneofthefeaturesthatremainsconstantbetweenthebeginningsoftheempireofsciencefictionanditsstatetoday.Asthen,sonow：Wewanttoreadabouthowfearfulthefuturewillbe,nothowitwillbeaparadise.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了科幻小說對其他文體的影響，并介紹了它的起源以及現(xiàn)代科幻小說與以前的不同。28．Accordingtothefirstparagraph,weknowthat__C__.A．sciencefictionusedtotaketheleadershipinliteratureB．horrorstoriesandliteraryfictioninitiatedsciencefictionC．modernfictionreflectstheinfluenceofsciencefictionD．sciencefictionisthedominantliteraturestyleatpresenttime解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段中的“Buttodaysciencethemesdominatetheseotherstyles.It’sdifficulttothinkofhowmuchmoderncrime,horroror’serious’fictionthatdoesn’tinvolvescience.”(但今日，科學(xué)主題主導(dǎo)了其他風(fēng)格。很難想出有多少現(xiàn)代犯罪、恐怖或“肅穆”小說不涉及科學(xué)。)可知，現(xiàn)代小說受到了科幻小說的影響。故選C。29．Whatcausedsciencefictiontoappearinthe19thcentury？__B__A．Thecuriosityofyoungreadersaboutthefuture.B．Thechangesthatindustrialsocietiesbroughtabout.C．People’sstretchedimaginationaffectedbytheirreallife.D．People’sfearsaboutscienceratherthanhopes.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第三段中的“Althoughsomeexpertshaveclaimedtobeabletotracesci-fibacktoancienttimes,itismorereasonabletofinditininitialforminthe19thcentury,whenindustrialsocietiesarose.”和“Allofthesechangeshadgreateffectsnotonlyonpeople’sreallife,butontheirimaginaryone.”可知，工業(yè)社會的出現(xiàn)所帶來的變更使科幻小說出現(xiàn)在19世紀(jì)。故選B。30．Accordingtothepassage,whatdoweknowabouttheearlysciencefiction？__D__A．Itarousedpeople’scuriosityaboutscienceindailylife.B．Itintensifiedpeople’sworriesaboutthesocialproblems.C．Itpromotedpeople’sunderstandingofthetruevalueofscience.D．Itconveyedanatmosphereofimaginaryanxietiestopeople.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第五段內(nèi)容可知，早期的科幻小說向人們傳達了想象中的擔(dān)憂和恐驚。故選D。31．Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage？__A__A．Despitethecontent,thethemesofsciencefictionremainthesame.B．Thefearofouterspaceattackhaslongbeenaworryamongpeopleoftimes.C．Theappearanceofsciencefictionhascausedmisunderstandingamongpeople.D．Sciencefictionisweakeninggovernmentpowerimplementedonpeople.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第六段內(nèi)容可知，現(xiàn)在的科幻小說，雖然其內(nèi)容不同于以往的作品，但主題還是表達計算機革命、機器人科學(xué)以及人類所面對的環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn)的影響。由此可推知，盡管不同時期的科幻小說內(nèi)容不同，但主題還是一樣的。故選A。D(2024·河北衡水一中高三三模)Arobotwithasenseoftouchmayonedayfeel“pain”，bothitsownphysicalpainandsympathyforthepainofitshumancompanions.Suchtouchy-feelyrobotsarestillfar-off,butadvancesinrobotictouch-sensingarebringingthatpossibilityclosertoreality.Sensorssetinsoft,artificialskinthatcandetectbothagentletouchandapainfulstrikehavebeenhookeduptoarobotthatcanthensignalemotions,AsadareportedonFebruary15attheannualmeetingoftheAmericanAssociationfortheAdvancementofScience.Thisartificial“painnervoussystem”，asAsadacallsit,maybeasmallbuildingblockforamachinethatcouldultimatelyexperiencepain.Suchafeelingmightalsoallowarobotto“sympathise”withahumancompanion’ssuffering.Asada,anengineeratOsakaUniversity,andhiscolleagueshavedesignedtouchsensorsthatreliablypickuparangeoftouches.InarobotsystemnamedAfetto，arealistic-lookingchild’shead,thesetouchandpainsignalscanbeconvertedtoemotionalfacialexpressions.Atouch-sensitive,softmaterial,asopposedtoarigidmetalsurface,allowsricherinteractionsbetweenamachineandtheworld,saysneuroscientistKingsonManoftheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.Artificialskin“allowsthepossibilityofengagementintrulyintelligentways”.Suchasystem,Asadasays,mightultimatelyleadtorobotsthatcanrecognisethepainofothers，avaluableskillforrobotsdesignedtohelpcareforpeopleinneed,theelderly,forinstance.Butthereisanimportantdistinctionbetweenarobotthatrespondsinapredictablewaytoapainfulstrikeandarobotthat’sabletocomputeaninternalfeelingaccurately,saysDamasio，aneuroscientistalsoattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.Arobotwithsensorsthatcandetecttouchandpainis“alongthelinesofhavingarobot,forexample,thatsmileswhenyoutalktoit，”Damasiosays.“It’sadeviceforcommunicationofthemachinetoahuman.”Whilethat’saninterestingdevelopment，“it’snotthesamething”asarobotdesignedtocomputesomesortofinternalexperience,hesays.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了機器人觸摸傳感技術(shù)的進步使能感受“難受”的有觸覺的機器人正在成為可能。32．Whatdoweknowaboutthe“painnervoussystem”？__D__A．ItisnamedAffettobyscientists.B．Itisasetofcomplicatedsensors.C．Itisabletosignaldifferentemotions.D．Itcombinessensorsandartificialskin.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Sensorssetinsoft,artificialskinthatcandetectbothagentletouchandapainfulstrikehavebeenhookeduptoarobotthatcanthensignalemotions”和“Thisartificial’painnervoussystem’，asAsadacallsit…”可知，“難受神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)”結(jié)合了傳感器和人造皮膚。故選D。33．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“converted”inParagraph3probablymean？__B__A．Delivered. B．Translated.C．Attached. D．Adapted.解析：詞義揣測題。依據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，觸覺傳感器可以收集一系列的觸覺感受，并將觸覺和難受的信號通過面部表情傳遞出來，也就是將這些信號轉(zhuǎn)換為表達心情的面部表情。convert意為“轉(zhuǎn)化”，與translate意思相近。故選B。34．WhatdoesDamasioconsiderasaninterestingdevelopment？__D__A．Robotscansmilewhentalkedto.B．Robotscantalktohumanbeings.C．Robotscancomputeinternalfeelings.D．Robotscandetectpainandrespondaccordingly.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Arobotwithsensorsthatcandetecttouchandpainis’alongthelinesofhavingarobot,forexample,thatsmileswhenyoutalktoit，’Damasiosays.’It’sadeviceforcommunicationofthemachinetoahuman.’”可知，裝配有傳感器的機器人能夠檢測到觸摸和難受，就像一個機器人，當(dāng)你和它說話時，它會微笑，這是機器和人類溝通的工具。由此可知，達馬西奧認為機器人可以檢測難受并做出相應(yīng)的反應(yīng)是一個好玩的發(fā)展。故選D。35．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext？__B__A．MachinesBecomeEmotional B．RobotsInchtoFeelingPainC．HumanFeelingsCanBeFelt D．NewDevicesTouchYourHeart解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。依據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容以及下文的介紹可知，本文主要介紹了機器人觸摸傳感技術(shù)的進步使機器人能夠感受到觸摸和難受。因此B項“機器人漸漸能感受難受”符合本文的主旨。故選B。其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。(2024·全國Ⅲ卷)Ahousewarmingpartyisaspecialpartytobeheldwhensomeonebuysormovesintoanewapartmentorhouse.Thepersonwhoboughtthehouseormovedistheonewhothrowstheparty.Thepartyisachanceforfriendsandfamilytocongratulatethepersononthenewhome.__36．E__Anditisagoodtimetofillthenewspacewithloveandhopefullypresents.__37．B__Somepeopleregisteralistofthingstheywantorneedfortheirnewhomeatalocalstoreorstores.Somecommonthingspeoplewillputonagiftregistryincludekitchentoolslikeknivesandthingslikecurtains.Evenifthereisn’taregistry,agoodhousewarminggiftissomethingtodecoratethenewhousewith,likeapieceofartoraplant.__38．C__Thisisoftenappreciatedsinceatahousewarmingthereisn’talotoffoodserved.Thereareusuallynoplannedactivitieslikegamesatahousewarmingparty.Thehostorhostessofthepartywill,however,probablygivealltheguestsatouroftheirnewhome.Sometimes,becauseahousewarmingpartyhappensshortlyafterapersonmovesintotheirnewhome,peoplemaybeaskedtohelpunpackboxes.__39．A__Housewarmingpartiesgettheirnamefromthefactthatalongtimeagopeoplewouldactuallybringfirewoodtoanewhomeasagift.__40．G__Nowmosthomeshavecentralheatinganddon’tusefirestokeepwarm.A．Thisisn’tusualthough.B．Itistraditionaltobringagifttoahousewarmingparty.C．Youcanalsobringfoodordrinkstosharewiththeotherguests.D．Ifyou’reluckyenoughtoreceivegifts,keeptheminasafeplace.E．Italsogivespeopleachancetoseewhatthenewhomelookslike.F．Thebesthousewarmingpartiesencourageoldfriendstogettogether.G．Thiswassothatthepersoncouldkeeptheirhomewarmforthewinter.文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了“溫鍋”這一習(xí)俗的意義、禮物的選擇、活動內(nèi)容及由來等，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生關(guān)注人際交往禮儀，建立文化自信。解析：36．關(guān)聯(lián)邏輯法解題。由空格前的“Thepartyisachancefor…”及空格后的“Anditisagoodtimeto…”可推斷該空格也應(yīng)當(dāng)是講聚會的好處，E項“它也給人們一個去看看新居子的樣子的機會。”，承上啟下，符合語境。故選E。37．設(shè)題位置法解題?？崭裎挥谄浯味尉涫祝Y(jié)合本段內(nèi)容可知，空格處應(yīng)與聚會時所帶禮物有關(guān)，B項“帶禮物去喬遷聚會是傳統(tǒng)?！?，先提出應(yīng)當(dāng)帶禮物，后面講解并描述如何選禮物等。故選B。38．詞匯鎖定法解題。空格后的this是關(guān)鍵信息詞。由since后的內(nèi)容可知，在喬遷聚會時供應(yīng)的食物不多，由此可推斷this是指帶食物去參與聚會，C項“你也可以帶食物或飲料與其他客人共享?！保鱿挛?，符合語境。故選C。39．關(guān)聯(lián)邏輯法解題?？崭袂疤岬?，有時候，因為某人剛剛搬進新家就實行喬遷聚會，所以參與聚會的人有可能要幫忙拆包物品。能與此語意承接的只有A項“但這種狀況并不常見。”A項中的this指的是客人幫主子拆包物品。故選A。40．關(guān)聯(lián)邏輯法解題。上文說很久以前人們帶木柴去新家作為禮物，由此可推斷G項“這樣主子就可以在冬天的時候使家里保持暖和。”與此語意吻合。即過去人們送木柴做禮物是為了讓主子取暖過冬。故選G。第三部分：語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。(2024·遼寧大連高二期末)Careersinsciencearegenerallybelievedtobetoocomplexforstudentswhoaren’ttalentedorcleverenough,butScottKelly,commanderoftheInternationalSpaceStation,wouldproveit’swrong.Asakid,hewasabsent-mindedand__41．A__inscienceandallothersubjectsaswell.Hecouldn’t__42．D__whattheteacherssaidinclass.Therefore,heearnedterriblegradesand__43．C__graduatedfromhighschool,andheeventhoughthewouldnever__44．D__hisdreams.Thatall__45．D__whenhepickedupthefilmTheRightStuff,TomWolfe’sclassicaccountofthepioneeringAmericanswhofirstexploredspace.__46．A__,hewasdeterminedtobeanastronaut,whichmeantdoingwellin__47．A__class.Sostartingthatday,he__48．B__hismindtodowellinit.Aftersomanyyears’daydreaming,itwouldn’tbe__49．C__.Buthestartedregardingstudyasagame.Themorehe__50．B__hisstudyskills,thebetterhegot.Eventually,itbecamea(n)__51．C__withhimselftoseehowgoodhecouldget.Thentheformer__52．B__startedgettingstraightA’sinscience,whichis__53．A__forthosewhowanttobeanastronaut.Soweneedtostop__54．C__theideathatscienceisjusttoohard.Everyonecanlearnthisstuff—hejustneedstobe__55．D__todothework.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了斯科特·凱利從一個成天做白日夢的差等生，到下定決心成為宇航員，努力學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)并取得好成果的故事。該故事告知我們，只要情愿付出努力，就會勝利。41．A．uninterested B．a(chǎn)bsorbedC．engaged D．experienced解析：句意：他從小就心不在焉，對科學(xué)和其他全部科目都不感愛好。uninterested意為“不感愛好的”；absorbed意為“聚精會神的”；engaged意為“忙于……的，已訂婚的”；experienced意為“有閱歷的”。依據(jù)前文的“absent-minded”可知，他上課時心不在焉，對科學(xué)和其他全部科目都不感愛好。故選A。42．A．holdon B．bankonC．lookinto D．focuson解析：句意：上課時他不能集中留意力聽老師講課。holdon意為“堅持，緊緊抓住”；bankon意為“希望，依靠”；lookinto意為“調(diào)查”；focuson意為“集中留意力于，聚焦于”。依據(jù)后文“Therefore,heearnedterriblegrades”可知，因為他不集中留意力聽老師講課，所以他的成果很差。故選D。43．A．quickly B．nearlyC．barely D．successfully解析：句意：因此，他的成果很差，中學(xué)差點沒有畢業(yè)，他甚至認為自己恒久無法實現(xiàn)自己的幻想。quickly意為“快速地”；nearly意為“幾乎，差不多”；barely意為“幾乎不”；successfully意為“勝利地”。依據(jù)前文“Therefore,heearnedterriblegrades”可知，他因為成果差，所以差點沒有畢業(yè)。故選C。44．A．a(chǎn)bandon B．a(chǎn)cknowledgeC．end D．a(chǎn)chieve解析：句看法上一題解析。abandon意為“放棄”；acknowledge意為“承認”；end意為“結(jié)束”；achieve意為“實現(xiàn)”。依據(jù)后文“hisdreams”和前文描述可知，他因為成果差，所以認為自己恒久無法實現(xiàn)幻想。故選D。45．A．finished B．suspendedC．occurred D．changed解析：句意：當(dāng)他看到電影《太空英雄》——湯姆·沃爾夫?qū)κ状翁骄刻盏拿绹闰?qū)的經(jīng)典描述時，這一切都變更了。finish意為“完成”；suspend意為“暫停”；occur意為“發(fā)生”；change意為“變更”。依據(jù)后文“hewasdeterminedtobeanastronaut”可知，因為他決心成為一名宇航員，所以一切都發(fā)生了變更。故選D。46．A．Inspired B．DepressedC．Satisfied D．Shocked解析：句意：受此啟發(fā)，他決心成為一名宇航員，這意味著他要在科學(xué)課上表現(xiàn)精彩。inspired意為“受啟發(fā)的”；depressed意為“懊喪的”；