四川省遂寧市射洪縣2024-2025年高一英語下學期期末考試試題小班

PAGE6PAGE8四川省遂寧市射洪縣2024-2025年高一英語下學期期末考試試題（小班）本卷分為第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷兩部分?？荚嚂r間60分鐘，滿分100分。考試結(jié)束后，第Ⅱ卷和機讀卡一并收回。留意事項：1.答第Ⅰ卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號、考試科目用鉛筆涂寫在答題卡上。2.請將選擇題答案填涂在機讀卡上，請將非選擇題答案寫在第Ⅱ卷上，否則不予給分。第I卷（選擇題，滿分60分）第一部分閱讀理解（共10小題；每小題3分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、和C)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ALargerbrainsizeislinkedtolongerlifeindeer.Thesizeoffemaleanimals'brainsmaydeterminewhethertheylivelongerandhavemorehealthylatergenerations,accordingtonewresearchledbytheUniversityofCambridge.Thestudy,publishedintheRoyalSocietyOpenScience,showsthatfemalereddeerwithlargerbrainslivelongerandhavemoresurvivinglatergenerationsthanthosewithsmallerbrains.Brainsizeisheritableandcanbepasseddownthroughgenerations.Thisisthefirstextensivestudyofindividualdifferencesinbrainsizeinwildmammalsanddrawsondatacomparingsevengenerationsofdeer.Acrossspeciesofmammals,brainsizevarieswidely.Thisisthoughttobeaconsequenceofspecificdifferencesinthebenefitsandcostsofalargerbrain.Mammalswithlargerbrainsmay,forexample,havegreaterabilitiesthatenablethemtoadaptbettertoenvironmentalchangesortheymayhavelongerlifespans.Buttheremayalsobedisadvantages:Forinstance,largerbrainsrequiremoreenergy,soindividualsthatpossessthemmayshowreducedabilitiestogivebirthtoyoungbabies.Theresearchers,basedattheUniversityofCambridge'sZoologyDepartmentandtheUniversityofEdinburgh'sInstituteofEvolutionaryBiology,wantedtotestiftheycouldfindmoredirectgeneticornon-geneticevidenceofthecostsandbenefitsoflargebrainsizebycomparingthelongevity(壽命)andsurvivalofindividualsofthesamespecieswithdifferentbrainsizes.Usingtheskullsof1,314wildreddeerwhoselifehistoriesandbreedingsuccesshadbeenmonitoredinthecourseofalong-termstudyontheIsleofRum,theyfoundthatfemaleswithlargerendocranialvolumes(腦腔容量)livedlongerandproducedmoresurvivingoffspringinthecourseoftheirlives.LeadauthorDr.CorinaLogan,aGatesCambridgescholar,says,"Thereasonsfortheassociationbetweenbrainsizeandlongevityarenotknown,butotherstudieshavesuggestedthatlargerbrainsareaconsequenceofthelonger-livedspecieshavinglongerdevelopmentalperiodsinwhichthebraincangrow.Thesepredictionsaregeneratedfromcross-speciescorrelations;however,testingsuchhypothesesrequiresinvestigationsatthewithin-specieslevel,whichiswhatwedid."Dr.Loganadds,"Wefoundthatsomeofthecross-speciespredictionsaboutbrainsizeheldforfemalereddeer,andthatnoneofthepredictionsweresupportedinmalereddeer.Thisindicatesthateachsexlikelyexperiencesitsownsetoftrade-offs(平衡)withregardtobrainsize."Thestudyalsoshowedthatfemales'relativeendocranialvolumeissmallerthanthatofmales,despiteevidenceofselectionforlargerbrainsinfemales.ProfessorTimClutton-Brock,whosetuptheRumRedDeerstudywithFionaGuinnessin1972andstartedtheworkonbrainsize,pointsout,"Thereasonthatthiskindofstudyhasnotbeenconductedbeforeisthatitrequireslong-termrecordsofalargenumberofindividualsacrossmultiplegenerationsanddataofthiskindarestillrareinwildanimals."1.Whatdoesthenewresearchonbrainsizereveal?A.Large-brainreddeertendtohavemoreoffspring.B.Large-brainfemaledeersurvivesmall-brainmaledeer.C.Brainsizecausesindividualdifferencesinsomemammals.D.Brainsizehasbeenincreasingfromgenerationtogeneration.2.Whydoesthebrainsizevarywidelyfromdifferentspeciesofmammals?A.Mammalscandevelopdifferentadaptiveabilities.B.Alargerbrainhasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.C.Differentmammalsarebornwithdifferentlifespans.D.Brainsizeisaffectedbygeneticornon-geneticfactors.3.Whatcanwelearnabouttherelationbetweenbrainsizeandlongevity?A.Thecauseandeffectneedtobefurtherinvestigated.B.Brainsizeabsolutelydeterminesanimals'longevity.C.Longer-livedspeciesallowbrainstogrowtoalargesize.D.Thecross-speciesassumptionsapplytoreddeerofbothsexes.4.WhatcanweinferfromProfessorTimClutton-Brock'swords?A.Researcherscan'tpossiblyreachaconclusionaboutthereason.B.Researchersarenotpatientenoughtokeeplong-termrecords.C.Suchresearchhasbeenthoroughlyconductedonwildanimalsbefore.D.Suchresearchwillexperiencegreatdifficultyinthelong-termprocess.BLookatthemapofSpainandpointatthecenter.You'velocatedthecountry'scapitalandoneofEurope'smostbeautifulcities:Madrid.Thispopulardestinationisconsideredacityofcontrastswithitsabundanthistoricsitesstandingintheshadowsofmodernskyscrapers.HistoryThiscityofover3millionpeopleisproudofitsWesternEurope'slargestroyalpalace--theRoyalPalaceofMadrid,andsomeconsiderittobeMadrid'smostbeautifulbuilding.InsidetheRoyalPalaceofMadrid,2,800roomsaredecoratedinglorywithqualityfurnitureandartworks.Touristscantour50oftheselargeandsplendidrooms.ArtTheInternationallyrespectedPradoMuseumisoneofthelargestandmostimpressiveartgalleriesinSpain.Openedin1819,itisfilledwithworksofartthatfeaturetheworld'smostcomprehensivecollectionofSpanishpainting.ShoppingMadridhassomeofEurope'sbestshoppingmalls,andpotentialbuyerslovetolookthroughthestoreslookingforbargains.Andfor500years,shoppershavegatheredtoanextremelylargeoutdoorfleamarketknownaselRastrowheretheyfindeverythingfromantiquestoCDs.EntertainmentNotriptoMadridiscompletewithoutseeingaperformanceofSpain'sfamousartform,flamenco.Everyday,flamencoperformerssing,danceorplaytheguitarinsmallcafesandgrandtheatersalike.FoodMadridhasawidevarietyofrestaurants,butbecausetheSpanishtypicallyeatlateat9or10p.m.,it'sdifficulttofindgooddinnerfoodearlier.Ifyougethungrybeforethen,thebestsolutionistotryatapasbarwherelightsnacksarese5.WhatdoweknowabouttheRoyalPalaceofMadrid?A.Ithas50roomsforvisit. B.Itcanhold2,800people.C.It'sbeenvisitedby3millionpeople. D.ItisthoughttobethelargestroyalpalaceinEurope.6.Whatkindofmarketis"elRastro"?A.Fordiscounts. B.Forartworks.C.Tosellvariousgoods. D.TosellantiquesandCDs.7.WhatisamustwhentravelinginMadrid?A.Havingdinnerearlier. B.Enjoyingtheflamenco.C.VisitingthePradoMuseum. D.Drinkinginatapasbar.CGettingstitched(縫合)upbyDr.Robotmayonedaybecomeareality.Scientistshavecreatedaroboticsystemwhichdidoperationsonlivinganimalswithoutarealdoctorpullingthestrings.Muchlikeengineersaredesigningself-drivingcars,themedicalresearchispartofamovetowardautonomoussurgicalrobots,removingthesurgeon'shandsfromcertaintasksthatamachinemightperformallbyitself.Doctorswouldn'tleavethebedside.They'resupposedtowatch.Plusthey'dhandletherestofthesurgery.Insmalltestsusingpigs,theroboticarmperformedatleastaswell,andinsomecasesabitbetter,assomecompetingsurgeonsinstitchingtogetherintestinal(腸的)tissue."Thepurposewasn'ttoreplacesurgeons,"saidDr.Kimwholedtheproject."Ifyouhaveanintelligenttoolthatworkswithasurgeon,canitimprovetheoutcome?That'swhatwehavedone."Ifyou'veheardaboutmachineslikethepopularDaVincisystem,youmightthinkrobotshavealreadystartedoperating.Notreally.Todaymanyhospitalsofferrobot-assistedsurgerywheresurgeonsusethemachineryastoolsthattheycontrolbyhandtooperatethroughtinyopeningsinthebody.Butrobot-assistedsurgeryhasbeencontroversial,assomestudieshaveshownitcanbringhighercostswithoutbetteroutcomes.Kim'steam,theSheikhZayedInstituteforPediatricSurgicalInnovation,inventedanewSTAR(SmartTissueAutonomousRobot)systemwhichworkedsortoflikeaprogrammablesewingmachine.Theyaddedsensorstohelpguideeachstitchandtellhowtightlytopull.Buttheapproachwasn'tperfect.Intheoperationsonthelivinganimals,therobottookmuchlongerandmadeafewstitchingmistakeswhilethesurgeonsewingbyhandmadenone.Kimsaidtherobotcanbespedup.Hehopedtobeginhumanstudiesintwoorthreeyears.8.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A.ANewRoboticSystemB.ANew-styleWayofStitchingC.TheNewly-designedDriverlessVehiclesD.RobotSurgeonsOneStepClosertoReality9.Whyarepeopleagainstusingrobotsinsurgery?A.Theycanbeoutofcontrol. B.Theywilltakeshortertime.C.Theymaybeexpensivetouse. D.Theyarelikelytocausegreatpain.10.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Dr.Robotcantaketheplaceofsurgeons.B.Dr.Robotwillbeimproved.C.Dr.Robothasbeentestedonhumantrials.D.Dr.Robotcanfreedoctors'handsintheoperation.其次部分語言學問運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Iamaneducatorborntomakeadifference.Ihavespentmyentirelifeatthe11Andweknowwhykidsdropout.Butoneofthethingsthatweneverdiscussorwe12discussisthevalueandimportanceofhuman13.Acolleaguesaidtome,"Theydon'tpaymeto14thekids.Theypaymetogivea15."Well,Isaidtoher,"Youknow,kidsdon'tlearnfrompeopletheydon'tlike."Somethinkthatyoucaneitherhaveitinyoutobuilda16,oryoudon't.Ihavehadclassesthatwereso17thatIcried.Iwondered,"HowamIgoingto18thisgroup,inninemonths,fromwheretheyaretowheretheyneedtobe?Itwasdifficult,awfully19HowdoI20theself-esteem(自尊)ofachildandhisacademicachievementatthesametime?"OneyearI21abrightidea.Itoldmystudents,"Youwere22tobeinmyclassbecauseIamthebestandyouarethebest."Oneofthestudentssaid,"Really?"Isaid,"Really.Wehavetoshowtheotherclasseshowtodoit.Peoplewill23uswhenwewalkdownthehall,sowecan'tmakenoise."AndIgavethemasayingtosay:"Iam24IwassomebodywhenIcame.I'llbeabettersomebodywhenIleave.I25theeducationthatIgethere.Ihavethingstodo,peopletoimpress,andplacestogo."Teachingandlearningshould26joy.How27wouldourworldbeifwehadkidswhowerenotafraidtotakerisks,whowerenotafraidtothink,andwhohada28?Everychilddeservesachampion.Aneducatorshouldbeanadultwhowillnever29them,whounderstandsthepowerofconnection,andwhoinsiststhattheybecomethe30thattheycanpossiblybe.11.A.schoolbuilding B.college C.communitycenter D.prison12.A.frequently B.partly C.finally D.rarely13.A.relative B.connection C.experience D.understanding14.A.please B.satisfy C.like D.treat15.A.lesson B.joke C.way D.class16.A.friendship B.bridge C.gap D.relationship17.A.excellent B.bad C.sad D.adaptable18.A.join B.own C.take D.make19.A.upset B.boring C.frustrated D.hard20.A.raise B.arise C.show D.control21.A.cameout B.cameto C.cameupwith D.cameabout22.A.led B.placed C.chosen D.thrown23.A.notice B.look C.find D.call24.A.nothing B.somebody C.anybody D.something25.A.reserve B.expect C.observe D.deserve26.A.catch B.bring C.express D.indicate27.A.powerful B.magical C.fearful D.imaginative28.A.prize B.supporter C.teacher D.champion29.A.putup B.dependon C.giveupon D.refuse30.A.bright B.best C.confident D.determined射洪縣高2024級其次期期末英才班實力素養(yǎng)監(jiān)測英語第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題共40分）留意事項：1.請用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆在第Ⅱ卷答題卡上作答，不能答在此試卷上。2.試卷中橫線及框內(nèi)注有“▲”的地方，是須要你在第Ⅱ卷答題卡上作答的內(nèi)容或問題。其次節(jié)語法填空（共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下列短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TeaisanimportantpartofChinesetradition.Thepracticeofdrinkingteahas31longhistoryinChina.Nowadays,Chineseteagenerallyrepresentstealeaveswhichhavebeenprocessed32(use)methodsinheritedfromancientChina.Accordingtopopularlegend,tea33(discover)byShenNongin2737BC.34aleaffromanearbyshrubfellintothewaterhewasboiling.ShenNongwasinterestedinthenewliquid,35(drink)somecarefully,andfounditveryrefreshing.Andso,teaissaidtobecreatedin2737BC.TeaisdeeplywovenintothehistoryandcultureofChina.Thebeverage(飲料)isconsideredoneoftheseven36(necessity)ofChineselife,alongwithfirewood,rice,oil,salt,soysauceandvinegar.Around771B.C.--476BC.Chineseteawasused37(help)treatsomediseases.MostChineseteasarecultivatedandconsumedinChina.TeashopsandteahousesinthestreetareeasilyfoundinChina.Meanwhile,theyarealsoexportedinternationallydue38ariseinthe39(popular)ofChinesecuisineworldwide.TeahasbecomeoneofChinesespecificdrinksintheworld.Itis40(common)availableinChineserestaurantsandgrocerystoresworldwide.31.▲32.▲33.▲34.▲35.▲36.▲37.▲38.▲39.▲40.▲第三部分書面表達(滿分：25分)假定你是李華，你班交換生Jim將要參與“學在中國”留學生漢語演講競賽，來信向你詢問。請你給他寫一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.舉薦一個演講話題；2.說明舉薦的理由；3.建議他做哪些打算工作。留意