山東省濱州市2025屆高三英語上學期期末試題含解析

PAGEPAGE24山東省濱州市2025屆高三英語上學期期末試題（含解析）留意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AHere'saselectionoftitlesthatfocusontheselflessnessoffictionalcharacterswho,byhelpingothers,helpthemselvesaswell.FreaktheMightyRodmanPhilbrickTheysayoppositesattract.ThatisverytrueinthecaseofMaxandKevin.Maxisanextra-largeeighthgraderlabeledlearningdisabled.Kevin,knownasFreak,ishighlyintelligentandsuffersfromararedwarfismsyndrome（侏儒綜合征）.Literallyputthetwotogether-FreakridesonMax'sshoulders——andtheyfightforgoodcauses.SchooledGordonKormanCapAndersonhasbeenraised,homeschooled,andprotectedbyhisgrandmotherRainonadesertedfarm.ButwhenRainisill,Capissenttoapublicschool,wherehisinnocenceisexposedtoallthecorruptionRainhasbeenprotectingfrom.HowtoBuildaHouseDanaReinhardtHarperEvanshasalwaysbeenpassionateabouttheplanetanddesirestohelppeoplewholiveonit.Inthesummervacation,shejumpsatachancetohelpbuildanewhouseforapoorfamily.However,shefeelsalittleguilty,becauseit'snotjustanopportunityforhertohelpbutherchancetorunawayfromherdad'sdivorceandstepsister'shostility（敵意）.Home,andOtherBig,FatLiesJillWolfsonThoughverylittle,Termitecantakecareofherself-andhasbeenthroughtwelvefoster（寄養(yǎng)）homes.Manyloggingfamilieshavetakeninfosterkidstohelpendsmeet.Aftercomingtoappreciatethebeautyoftheforestandgettingattachedtoagiantredwood,Termitefindsherselfbetweenthosewhoselivesdependontreesandthosewholivetoprotectthetreesandthewildlifethatdependsonthem.1.Whichbookshowsthatunityisstrength?A.FreaktheMighty. B.Schooled,C.HowtoBuildaHouse. D.Home,andOtherBigFatLies.2.Whichcharacterescapesfamilyproblemswhilehelpingothers?A.Kevin. B.Termite.C.HarperEvans. D.CapAnderson.3.Whomentionstheenvironmentalprotectioninhisorherbook?A.GordonKorman. B.RodmanPhilbrick.C.DanaReinhardt. D.JillWolfson【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】本文是說明文。文章介紹了四本書籍，書籍中主子公是虛構(gòu)的，也是無私幫助他人和自己的。【1題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)FreaktheMighty部分的“Maxisanextra-largeeighthgraderlabeledlearningdisabled.Kevin,knownasFreak,ishighlyintelligentandsuffersfromararedwarfismsyndrome（侏儒綜合征）.Literallyputthetwotogether-FreakridesonMax'sshoulders——andtheyfightforgoodcauses.(Max是一個超大的八年級學生，被標記為學習障礙。Kevin，被稱為Freak，特別聰慧，患有罕見的侏儒癥綜合征。兩人聯(lián)盟——Freak騎在Max的肩膀上——他們?yōu)檎x而戰(zhàn))”可推斷，盡管兩位主子公各有缺陷，但是兩個人聯(lián)合起來，為正義而戰(zhàn)，表明白團結(jié)就是力氣，所以FreaktheMighty這本書表明白團結(jié)就是力氣。故選A?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)HowtoBuildaHouse部分的“HarperEvanshasalwaysbeenpassionateabouttheplanetanddesirestohelppeoplewholiveonit.（HarperEvans始終對地球充溢熱忱，渴望幫助生活在地球上的人們）”和“However,shefeelsalittleguilty,becauseit'snotjustanopportunityforhertohelpbutherchancetorunawayfromherdad'sdivorceandstepsister'shostility（敵意）.(然而，她感到有點內(nèi)疚，因為這不僅是她幫助別人的機會，也是她逃離父親離婚和繼妹敵意的機會)”可知，HarperEvans在幫助他人的同時躲避家庭問題。故選C。【3題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段的“Home,andOtherBig,FatLiesJillWolfson”“Manyloggingfamilieshavetakeninfosterkidstohelpendsmeet.Aftercomingtoappreciatethebeautyoftheforestandgettingattachedtoagiantredwood,Termitefindsherselfbetweenthosewhoselivesdependontreesandthosewholivetoprotectthetreesandthewildlifethatdependsonthem.(很多伐木家庭收養(yǎng)了孩子來維持生計。在觀賞了森林的漂亮之后，Termite依附在一片巨大的紅杉上，發(fā)覺自己介于那些依靠樹木為生的人和那些為了愛護樹木和依靠樹木的野生動物而活著的人之間）”可知，JillWolfson提到了環(huán)境愛護。故選D。BDuringmyfirstyearofcollege,IwentonatripwithagroupofclassmatestoNewYorkCityforfun.Attheendoftheday,severalofthestudentssuggestedhangingoutinthecityforawhilebeforegettingdinner.Theyendedupspendingthousandsofdollarsattheclothingstore.Itwasonlywhentheyhadfinishedthattheydecidedtoeatdinnerataplaceacrossthestreet.InthenicestrestaurantIhadeverbeento,IorderedthecheapestappetizerIcouldfind,andsatinsilenceasthestudentsaroundmereminiscedabouttheirmostrecentvacationstoEurope.Whenthedinnerwasover,astudentsuggestedseeingaBroadwayplay,andoneguytoldthegroupCabaretwasplayingforonly$250aticket.IknewIwasn'tgoingtobespending$250forashow.“Ihavealotofhomework,”Isaid.“Butthanksanyway.”Iwalkedbacktothehotelalone.Tobeveryhonest,IfinditfascinatingtobesurroundedbyclassmateswhocomefromwealthyfamiliesIhaveneverexperienced.Meanwhile,I'mnotembarrassedforbeingunabletoaffordthethingsmyclassmatesbuy.I'mproudofwhoIam,andwhereI'vecomefrom.Ontheotherhand,oneofmyclassmateshadgottentocollegeonaneeds-basedscholarship.Hedidn'thaveanymoney.Hedidn'thaveacarandreliedonbriskwalkstogetanywhere.Hecouldn'tevenaffordfood,soheworkedparttimeatcollegefoodservicetomakeafewdollarsandgrableftoversformeals.HecertainlykeptmegroundedasIfeltlikeaspoiledbratusingmoneysofreelyandbuyingmyselfasandwichwheneverIfelthungry.So,whileIwasridiculouslywonderingaboutmyinsufficiency,heshowedwhatrealdeterminationandpridewere.4.Whatdidtheauthordoafterdinner?A.Hewentshopping. B.HesawaBroadwayplay.C.Hewalkedbacktothehotel. D.Hemetwithaclassmateofhis.5.Whydidtheauthorsay“Ihavealotofhomeworktodo”inparagraph2?A.Becausehethoughthomeworkcamefirst.B.Becausehecouldn'thandlepilesofhomework.C.Becausethecomingexamwasofgreatimportance.D.Becausehedidn'tintendtospendsomuchmoneyonaplay.6.Howdidtheauthorfeelabouthisfinancialinsufficiency?A.Fascinated. B.Embarrassed. C.Content. D.Worried.7.Howisthetextdeveloped?A.Bylistingexamples. B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Bygivingadefinition. D.Byprovidingevidence.【答案】4.C5.D6.C7.B【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講解并描述了作者大一時和一群同學去紐約旅游玩，作者在晚餐結(jié)束后，舍不得在一出戲劇上花費太多錢而選擇獨自回酒店，引出了作者對于自己經(jīng)濟狀況不富有的看法，作者并不為自己經(jīng)濟狀況沒有其他人富有感到尷尬，而是為自己和自己的出身感到傲慢。還有人比自己的更苦難的同學?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中“Whenthedinnerwasover,astudentsuggestedseeingaBroadwayplay,andoneguytoldthegroupCabaretwasplayingforonly$250aticket.IknewIwasn'tgoingtobespending$250forashow.(晚餐結(jié)束后，一位學生建議去百老匯看一場戲，一個人告知大家，卡巴萊歌舞表演只賣250美元一張票。我知道我不會為一場演出花250美元)”以及“Iwalkedbacktothehotelalone.(我獨自走回酒店)”可知，作者晚飯后走回旅館。故選C。【5題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中“Whenthedinnerwasover,astudentsuggestedseeingaBroadwayplay,andoneguytoldthegroupCabaretwasplayingforonly$250aticket.IknewIwasn'tgoingtobespending$250forashow.(晚餐結(jié)束后，一位學生建議去百老匯看一場戲，一個人告知大家，卡巴萊歌舞表演只賣250美元一張票。我知道我不會為一場演出花250美元)”可推知，作者在其次段說“Ihavealotofhomeworktodo”，是因為他不準備在一出戲劇上花這么多錢。故選D。【6題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段“Tobeveryhonest,IfinditfascinatingtobesurroundedbyclassmateswhocomefromwealthyfamiliesIhaveneverexperienced.Meanwhile,I'mnotembarrassedforbeingunabletoaffordthethingsmyclassmatesbuy.I'mproudofwhoIam,andwhereI'vecomefrom.(說實話，我覺得四周都是來自我從未經(jīng)驗過的富有家庭的同學很有意思。同時，我也不會因為買不起同學們買的東西而感到尷尬。我為我自己和我的出身感到傲慢)”可知，作者滿足于自己經(jīng)濟不富有的境遇。故選C。【7題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段“Tobeveryhonest,IfinditfascinatingtobesurroundedbyclassmateswhocomefromwealthyfamiliesIhaveneverexperienced.Meanwhile,I'mnotembarrassedforbeingunabletoaffordthethingsmyclassmatesbuy.I'mproudofwhoIam,andwhereI'vecomefrom.(說實話，我覺得四周都是來自我從未經(jīng)驗過的富有家庭的同學很有意思。同時，我也不會因為買不起同學們買的東西而感到尷尬。我為我自己和我的出身感到傲慢)”以及第四段“Ontheotherhand,oneofmyclassmateshadgottentocollegeonaneeds-basedscholarship.Hedidn'thaveanymoney.Hedidn'thaveacarandreliedonbriskwalkstogetanywhere.Hecouldn'tevenaffordfood,soheworkedparttimeatcollegefoodservicetomakeafewdollarsandgrableftoversformeals.HecertainlykeptmegroundedasIfeltlikeaspoiledbratusingmoneysofreelyandbuyingmyselfasandwichwheneverIfelthungry.(另一方面，我的一個同學靠助學金上了高校。他沒有錢。他沒有汽車，到任何地方都要靠輕快的步行。他甚至買不起食物，所以他在高校食品服務(wù)中心兼職掙幾美元，然后把剩下的食物拿出來當飯吃。他讓我覺得自己像個被寵壞的小孩，可以隨意花錢，餓了就給自己買個三明治吃)”結(jié)合文章先是講解并描述了作者和家境富有的同學們?nèi)ゼ~約玩，作者因為戲劇票價太貴而選擇了獨自走回酒店，將經(jīng)濟狀況不富有的自己和有錢的同學相比，接著第四段作者將與比自己經(jīng)濟條件更困難的同學相比，可推知，文章是通過比較綻開的。故選B。COneoftheproblemsdamagingourplanetisthenumberofthingswethrowaway.Rubbishofallkindsispilingupinlandfillsandpollutingourriversandoceans.Amorerecentadditiontothelistofthingswechuckawayise-waste--electronicitemsthatarebrokenandnotrecycled.Nowsolutionsarebeingfoundtogivethisstuffanewlife.Manymillionsoftonsoftelevisions,phones,andotherelectronicequipmentarediscardedeachyear,partlybecauseit'scheapertoreplacethemthanfixthem,butalsobecausewelacktheskillstorepairthem.AUNreportclaimsthe50milliontonsofe-wastegeneratedeveryyearwillmorethandoubleto110milliontonsby2050,makingitthefastestgrowingwastestreamintheworld.However,there'sagrowingtrendforrepaireventsandclubswhichcouldbepartofasolutiontothegrowingamountofelectricalandelectronicjunk.TheBBCvisitedaRestartProjectinLondon,whichisoneofmanyfoundaroundtheworld.Oneo￡itsvolunteers,FrancescoCalo,said,“Thisprojectallowsyoutoreducewaste,extendthelifeofobjects,andithelpspeoplewhocannotaffordtogetridofitemsthathavedevelopedafault.”Asmanyelectricalitemscontainvaluablemetals,anotherideaise-wastemining.AnexperimentattheUniversityofNewSouthWalesinvolvesextractingthesematerialsfromelectronicgadgets.It'sthoughtthatdoingthiscouldbemoreprofitablethantraditionalmining.Withphonestypicallycontainingasmanyas60elements,thiscouldbepartofthesolutiontoourappetitefornewtechnology.Atpresent,incountrieswherethereisnolegislation,muchofitjustgetsdumped.However,theEuropeanUnion,forexample,istryingtotackletheproblembyinsistingmanufacturersmakeapplianceslonger-lastingandsupplysparepartsformachinesforup10years.8.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.TheRestartProjectfoundedtogetridofe-waste.B.Thephenomenonofthesharpriseofelectronicjunk.C.Thedamagecausedbyquantitiesofthingswethrowaway.D.Possiblesolutionstothegrowingamountofelectronicwaste.9.Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword“discarded”inparagraph2?A.Produced. B.Promoted. C.Recycled. D.Abandoned.10.WhatdoweknowabouttheRestartProjectaccordingtothetext?A.Itaimstoreducee-wastebyprovidingrepairservice.B.Itofferspoorpeoplenewdevicestoreplaceoldones.C.Itisaprojectrecyclingelectricalandelectronicjunk.D.Itintendstomakegreatprofitsbye-wastemining.11.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Asciencetextbook. B.Anenvironmentalmagazine.C.Aresearchpaper. D.Aneconomicjournal.【答案】8.D9.D10.A11.B【解析】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了為削減電子垃圾，提出的一些回收項目和可能的解決方案。【8題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段“Amorerecentadditiontothelistofthingswechuckawayise-waste--electronicitemsthatarebrokenandnotrecycled.Nowsolutionsarebeingfoundtogivethisstuffanewlife.（最近在我們?nèi)拥舻臇|西清單上又增加了一個電子垃圾——壞了的、不能回收的電子物品。現(xiàn)在，人們找到了讓這些物質(zhì)煥發(fā)新生的方法。）”結(jié)合下文提到的三種方法：修理俱樂部，開采電子垃圾和立法可知，本文主要講的是對日益增長的電子垃圾的解決方法。故選D項?！?題詳解】詞句揣測題。依據(jù)下文“partlybecauseit'scheapertoreplacethemthanfixthem,butalsobecausewelacktheskillstorepairthem.（部分緣由是更換它們比修理它們便宜，但也因為我們?nèi)狈π蘩硭鼈兊募寄堋＃笨芍驗殡娮赢a(chǎn)品更換便宜，而且人們?nèi)狈π蘩砑寄?，因此大多?shù)都被干脆丟棄，由此揣測discarded為“丟棄”的意思。A.Produced.生產(chǎn)；B.Promoted.促進；C.Recycled.回收；D.Abandoned.拋棄。故選D項。【10題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段“Thisprojectallowsyoutoreducewaste,extendthelifeofobjects,andithelpspeoplewhocannotaffordtogetridofitemsthathavedevelopedafault.（這個項目可以削減奢侈，延長物品的運用壽命，還可以幫助那些無力處理出了故障的物品的人。）”可知，該項目主要是通過供應(yīng)修理服務(wù)削減電子垃圾。故選A項?！?1題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第一段“Oneoftheproblemsdamagingourplanetisthenumberofthingswethrowaway.Rubbishofallkindsispilingupinlandfillsandpollutingourriversandoceans.（破壞我們地球的問題之一是我們?nèi)拥舻臇|西的數(shù)量。各種垃圾積累在垃圾填埋場，污染了我們的河流和海洋。）”以及引出的下文可知，文章主要講的是關(guān)于電子垃圾回收的環(huán)境問題，因此這篇文章可能出現(xiàn)在有關(guān)環(huán)境愛護的雜志上。故選B項。DInitiallySouthKoreahadbeendoingwellagainstthevirus,butinAugust,thenumberofreportedinfectionsnearlydoubled,from56to103,injusttwodays.Itreachedapeakof441casesonAugust26beforetickingbackdowntoatleast100newinfectionsgerday.Thatmonth,thehealthministrybannedlargegatheringsandshutnightclubs,churchesandbeachestoturnthetide.Undersuchaterriblesituation,manyrestaurantshavetakeneffectivemeasurestocopewithit.Forexample,NoBrandBurger,afast-foodchaininSouthKorea,isusingrobotstotakeorders,preparefoodandbringmealsouttodiners.Asaresult,customerscanavoidanyinteractionwithahumanserverduringthepandemic（疫'情）.Customersorderandpayviatouchscreen,andthentheirrequestissenttothekitchenwhereacookingmachineheatsupthebunsandpatties.Whenit'sready,arobot“waiter”bringsouttheirtakeoutbag.Humanworkersaddtoppingstotheburgersandwrapthemupintakeoutbagsbeforepassingthemovertoservingrobots.Lastmonth,takeoutordersatNoBrandBurgeraccountedfor58percenttotalsales,upfrom42percentinJuly,accordingtothechain'sparentcompany,ShinsegaeFood.Afterarecentsecondwaveofcoronavirusinfections,restaurantsinSouthKoreawereonlyallowedtoprovidetakeoutanddeliveryafter9p.m.—arestrictionthatwasonlyliftedMonday.OtherrestaurantsinAsiahavestartedemployingrobotserversduringthepandemic.InSouthKorea,theItalianrestaurantchainMadforGarlicisusingservingrobotseven,forsit-downcustomers.Using3Dspacemappingandothertechnology,theelectronic“waiter”,knownasAglioKim,navigatesbetweentableswithuptofiveorders.MadforGarlicmanagerLeeYoung—hosaidkidsespeciallyliketherobots,whichcancarryupto66poundsintheirtrays.12.What'sthefunctionofParagraph1?A.Itshowshowseverethepandemicwas.B.Itprovidesbackgroundinformationofrobotservice.C.Itintroducesthemeasuresthegovernmenthastaken.D.Itarousespeople'sinterestinreadingthetext.13.Whyareservingrobotsputintouse?A.Tocuthumaninteractionduringthepandemic.B.Toimprovetheefficiencyofrestaurants.C.TopromoteRobottechnology.DToattractchildrencustomers.14.Whatcanrobotsatafast-foodchaininSouthKoreado?A.Addtoppingstotheburgers. B.Packfoodfordiners.C.Bringmealsouttodiners D.Chatwithcustomers.15.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Therobotserviceisgenerallywelcomedbycustomers.B.Otherrestaurantshavelongputrobotsintopractice.C.Restaurantscouldonlyprovidetakeoutinthedaytime.D.Childrenlikerobotsbecausetheycanplaywiththem.【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講解并描述在疫情期間餐館用機器人接單、準備食物和給顧客送餐，這樣顧客就可以避開與人類服務(wù)員產(chǎn)生任何互動，受到很多人的歡迎。【12題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第一段“InitiallySouthKoreahadbeendoingwellagainstthevirus,…churchesandbeachestoturnthetide.”最初韓國的抗疫局面始終不錯，但八月份報告的新增病例數(shù)幾乎翻了一番，兩天內(nèi)就從56例增至103例。8月26日韓國新增確診病例達到了441例的高峰，之后又回落到每日新增至少100例的水平。為了扭轉(zhuǎn)局勢，八月份韓國衛(wèi)生部禁止了大型聚會，關(guān)閉了夜總會、教堂和海灘。再依據(jù)下文提到的為了應(yīng)對疫情，飯店啟用機器人服務(wù)，削減和人類服務(wù)員之間的互動，由此可以推斷出第一段是供應(yīng)機器人服務(wù)的背景，故選B?！?3題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段“Forexample,NoBrandBurger,afast-foodchaininSouthKorea,isusingrobotstotakeorders,preparefoodandbringmealsouttodiners.Asaresult,customerscanavoidanyinteractionwithahumanserverduringthepandemic（疫'情）.”韓國快餐連鎖店NoBrandBurger正在運用機器人下單、準備食物并將食物送到餐者手中。因此，客戶可以避開在疫情期間與人類服務(wù)員進行任何交互。所以服務(wù)型機器人的運用切掉了人與人之間的接觸。故選A。【14題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段“Forexample,NoBrandBurger,afast-foodchaininSouthKorea,isusingrobotstotakeorders,preparefoodandbringmealsouttodiners.”韓國快餐連鎖店NoBrandBurger正在運用機器人下單、準備食物并將食物送到用餐者手中。故選C。【15題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段“Lastmonth,takeoutordersatNoBrandBurgeraccountedfor58percenttotalsales,upfrom42percentinJuly,accordingtothechain'sparentcompany,ShinsegaeFood.OtherrestaurantsinAsiahavestartedemployingrobotserversduringthepandemic.”依據(jù)NoBrand漢堡店所屬的新世界集團食品部的數(shù)據(jù)，上個月NoBrand的外賣訂單占了總銷量的58%，相比七月份的42%上升了。亞洲的其他餐館在流行病期間也起先運用機器人服務(wù)器。由此可以推斷出機器人服務(wù)受到越來越多的人歡迎。故選A?！军c睛】推理推斷題的推斷對象主要包括隱含意思、目標讀者、觀點看法、文章出處、寫作意圖等。以推斷隱含意義的題目居多。推斷隱含意義，即要求依據(jù)文章的某個句子、段落或全文所供應(yīng)的事實進行邏輯推理，推斷出作者沒有提到、沒有明說或者可能發(fā)生的事實。題干中常含infer（推斷），suggest（示意），imply（示意），indicate（示意），conclude（推斷，得出結(jié)論）等詞語。解此類題，首先找到相關(guān)信息，然后細讀、理解相關(guān)信息的字面意義，最終結(jié)合語境和常識，在字面意義的基礎(chǔ)上進行符合邏輯的推斷，從而理解作者的言外之意。如小題1，依據(jù)文章第一段“InitiallySouthKoreahadbeendoingwellagainstthevirus,…churchesandbeachestoturnthetide.”最初韓國的抗疫局面始終不錯，但八月份報告的新增病例數(shù)幾乎翻了一番，兩天內(nèi)就從56例增至103例。8月26日韓國新增確診病例達到了441例的高峰，之后又回落到每日新增至少100例的水平。為了扭轉(zhuǎn)局勢，八月份韓國衛(wèi)生部禁止了大型聚會，關(guān)閉了夜總會、教堂和海灘。再依據(jù)下文提到的為了應(yīng)對疫情，飯店啟用機器人服務(wù)，削減和人類服務(wù)員之間的互動，由此可以推斷出第一段供應(yīng)了機器人服務(wù)的背景，故選B。其次節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Asweallknow,indailylife,manypeoplewanttogetinshape.Ifyouhappentobeoneofthem,wherewillyougetstarted?Dietcomesfirst.___16___Healthexpertshavelongnotedtheimportanceofphysicalactivities.___17___Physicalactivityburnscalories—themorecaloriesyouconsume,theeasieritistocontrolorloseyourweight.Besides,ithelpstoreducetheriskofsomediseases,includingheartdisease,strokeandevensomekindsofcancer.Physicalactivityisalsoknowntoincreasethereleaseofendorphins,whichhelppeopletoreducepainandfeelmorehappyandpeacefulaswell.___18___Someexpertsbelieveit'stheactofexercisingitself.Otherssayit'sthefeelingonegetsfromhavingmetanexercisegoal.Eitherway,thetwothingsworktogetherwhenitcomestoimprovingone'semotionalhealth.Soexactlyhowmuchexercisedoyouneedtodotogainallofthesegreathealtheffects?Differentpeople,differentideas.Expertssayitiseasierthanyouthink—oneactivityisbetterthannone.___19___Togetthemostfromyourexerciseplan,youareadvisedtochoosephysicalactivitiesthatyoufindfun.___20___Whatyoureallylike,sometimes,outweighswhatispopularamongthepublic.A.Ithelpstoguaranteethatyoucanstaywiththeprogram.B.Keepingabalanceddietcontributesalottoyourhealth.C.Youcanreleasesomebademotionsbyphysicalactivities.D.Exerciseisagoodwayforyoutomaintainphysicalhealth.E.So,ifyouarenotdoinganything,nowisthetimetogetstarted.F.Thereissomedebateaboutexactlywhatcausesthereleaseofthem.G.However,dietalonewon'tdomuchgoodwithoutanexerciseplan.【答案】16.G17.D18.F19.E20.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。在日常生活中，很多人都想保持身材，文章主要就如何起先體育熬煉提出了一些建議。【16題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Dietcomesfirst.(飲食是第一位的)”以及后文“Healthexpertshavelongnotedtheimportanceofphysicalactivities.(健康專家早就留意到體育活動的重要性)”可知，上文提到飲食排第一位，后文則提到專家留意到了體育活動的重要性，可知本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，說明熬煉僅靠飲食是不行的，G選項中diet對應(yīng)上文中diet。故G選項“然而，假如沒有熬煉支配，單靠飲食是不會有多大好處的”符合語境，故選G?！?7題詳解】依據(jù)后文“Physicalactivityburnscalories—themorecaloriesyouconsume,theeasieritistocontrolorloseyourweight.Besides,ithelpstoreducetheriskofsomediseases,includingheartdisease,strokeandevensomekindsofcancer.(體育活動燃燒卡路里——你消耗的卡路里越多，就越簡潔限制體重或減肥。此外，它有助于削減一些疾病的風險，包括心臟病，中風，甚至一些種類的癌癥)”可知，后文主要提到了體育活動可以限制體重或減肥、削減一些疾病風險等好處，這些都是運動對保持身體健康的好處，故D選項“運動是保持身體健康的好方法”符合語境，故選D?！?8題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Physicalactivityisalsoknowntoincreasethereleaseofendorphins,whichhelppeopletoreducepainandfeelmorehappyandpeacefulaswell.(眾所周知，體育活動還能增加內(nèi)啡肽的釋放，這有助于人們削減難受，也會感到更歡樂和平安)”可知，上文提到了，體育活動能增加內(nèi)啡肽的釋放，故本句應(yīng)承接上文說明內(nèi)啡肽的釋放的緣由，F(xiàn)選項中thereleaseofthem對應(yīng)上文中thereleaseofendorphins。故F選項“關(guān)于原委是什么導致了它們的釋放存在一些爭辯”符合語境，故選F?！?9題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Soexactlyhowmuchexercisedoyouneedtodotogainallofthesegreathealtheffects?Differentpeople,differentideas.Expertssayitiseasierthanyouthink—oneactivityisbetterthannone.(那么，你究竟須要做多少運動才能獲得全部這些有益健康的效果呢？不同的人，想法不同。專家說這比你想象的要簡潔——有一項活動總比沒有好)”可知，上文提到了專家的話“有一項活動總比沒有好”，故本句承接上文，說明假如沒有從事任何體育運動，那么最好現(xiàn)在起先。故E選項“所以，假如你什么都沒做，現(xiàn)在就是起先的時候了”符合語境，故選E?！?0題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Togetthemostfromyourexerciseplan,youareadvisedtochoosephysicalactivitiesthatyoufindfun.(為了充分利用你的熬煉支配，建議你選擇自己感愛好的體育活動)”可知，上文提到建議選擇自己感愛好的體育活動，故本句承接上文說明說明這一做法的緣由：這有助于保證你能接著參與這個項目。A選項中theprogram指代上文physicalactivitiesthatyoufindfun。故A選項“這有助于保證你能接著參與這個項目”符合語境，故選A。其次部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Innature,fallingleavesareknowntobeassociatedwiththeendoftheseason,whendyingleavesfalltothegroundtowelcometheupcomingautumn.Mostpeoplecollecttheleavesanddrythem,___21___SolangeNunes,aBrazilianartistwithadegreeinFineArtsusestheleaves___22___acanvas(帆布)forembroidery(刺繡).By___23___anderror,Nunes___24___herworks,andshenow___25___herartwithover10kpeopleonInstagram(anappofFacebook).Yearsago,she___26___takewalksandbringbranches,leavesorseedshome.Onetime,shedecidedtodoatestwiththeleaves.Itwasa___27___.Therewasno___28___shecouldturntoandthe“canvas”wasextremely___29___,meaningitrequiredhandlingwithcare.Sheresearchedleavesanddidmanytests____30____shegotthedesiredeffect,andthen,since2017,shehas____31____herselfonlytoembroideryondryleaves.Itisajobthatshedoeswithalotof____32____andshecarriesthatintoherwayofthinkingand____33____theworld.Throughit,shetriestohelppeople____34____tothebeautyand____35____oflife,thebeautythatisshort-lived,andthelifethatisverybriefintheeyesofahuman.21.A.so B.but C.or D.and22.A.through B.into C.upon D.as23.A.trial B.experience C.success D.doubt24.A.perfected B.designed C.spread D.arranged25.A.exchanges B.connects C.satisfies D.shares26.A.usedto B.tendedto C.agreedto D.desiredto27A.miracle B.challenge C.beginning D.mistake28.A.theory B.indication C.reference D.practice29.A.firm B.solid C.fragile D.slight30.A.while B.since C.unless D.until31.A.committed B.entertained C.related D.persuaded32.A.effort B.technology C.passion D.courage33.A.rewarding B.judging C.protecting D.seeing34.A.add B.awaken C.contribute D.refer35.A.quality B.simplicity C.idea D.definition【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.A25.D26.A27.B28.C29.C30.D31.A32.C33.D34.B35.B【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了擁有美術(shù)學位的巴西藝術(shù)家SolangeNunes將樹葉用作刺繡畫布。21題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：大多數(shù)人收集樹葉并將其晾干，但擁有美術(shù)學位的巴西藝術(shù)家SolangeNunes將樹葉用作刺繡畫布。A.so因此；B.but但是；C.or或者；D.and和。上文提到“Mostpeoplecollecttheleavesanddrythem”（大多數(shù)人收集樹葉并將其晾干），下文提到“acanvas(帆布)forembroidery(刺繡)”可知，這位藝術(shù)家處理樹葉的方式跟大多數(shù)人不一樣，上下文之間形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，需用連詞but。故選B。【22題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：大多數(shù)人收集樹葉并將其晾干，但擁有美術(shù)學位的巴西藝術(shù)家SolangeNunes將樹葉用作刺繡畫布。A.through通過；B.into進入，到……里；C.upon在……上面；D.as作為。use…as…為固定短語，意為“把……當作……運用，用作為”，此處指把樹葉當作刺繡畫布來用。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：通過反復嘗試，Nunes完善了她的作品，現(xiàn)在她在Instagram(臉書的一款應(yīng)用程序)上與超過1萬人共享她的作品。A.trial試驗，試用；B.experience經(jīng)驗，閱歷；C.success勝利；D.doubt懷疑。trialanderror為固定短語，意為“反復試驗”。故選A。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：通過反復嘗試，Nunes完善了她的作品，現(xiàn)在她在Instagram(臉書的一款應(yīng)用程序)上與超過1萬人共享她的作品。A.perfected使完善，使完備；B.designed設(shè)計；C.spread傳播；D.arranged支配。依據(jù)“By___3___anderror”可知，反復試驗說明她在不斷完善自己的作品。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：通過反復嘗試，努內(nèi)斯完善了她的作品，現(xiàn)在她在Instagram(臉書的一款應(yīng)用程序)上與超過1萬人共享她的作品。A.exchanges交換，溝通；B.connects連接；C.satisfies使?jié)M足；D.shares共享。sharesth.withsb.為固定短語，意為“與某人共享某物”。依據(jù)“over10kpeopleonInstagram”可知，她與超過1萬人共享自己的作品。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：幾年前，她經(jīng)常帶著樹枝、樹葉或種子漫步回家。A.usedto過去經(jīng)常；B.tendedto傾向于；C.agreedto同意；D.desiredto希望，渴望去做。依據(jù)“Yearsago”可知，此處表示她過去經(jīng)常帶著樹枝、樹葉或種子漫步回家。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個挑戰(zhàn)。A.miracle奇跡；B.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C.beginning開頭，開端；D.mistake錯誤。依據(jù)上文“Onetime,shedecidedtodoatestwiththeleaves.”（有一次，她確定用樹葉做個測試。）可知，此處表示這個測試是一個挑戰(zhàn)。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她找不到任何參考資料，而且這幅“油畫”極其脆弱，須要當心搬運。A.theory理論；B.indication指示，表明；C.reference參考；D.practice練習。依據(jù)上文“Itwasa___7___”可知，此處說明白這是一個挑戰(zhàn)的緣由：找不到任何參考資料。故選C。【29題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她找不到任何參考資料，而且這幅“油畫”極其脆弱，須要當心搬運。A.firm堅決的；B.solid固體的；C.fragile易碎的；D.slight稍微的。依據(jù)“meaningitrequiredhandlingwithcare.”可知，這幅“油畫”極其脆弱。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查從屬連詞辨析。句意：她探討了葉子，做了很多試驗，直到她得到了想要的效果，然后，從2017年起先，她只致力于在干葉子上刺繡。A.while當……時候；B.since自從，因為；C.unless除非；D.until直到。依據(jù)“didmanytests”可知，直到得到了想要的效果才停止嘗試。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她探討了葉子，做了很多試驗，直到她得到了想要的效果，然后，從2017年起先，她只致力于在干葉子上刺繡。A.committed犯罪，承諾；B.entertained消遣，款待；C.related聯(lián)系；D.persuaded勸告。commitoneselfto為固定短語，意為“用心致志于”，此處指致力于在干葉子上刺繡。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一份充溢激情的工作，她用這種激情來思索和視察這個世界。A.effort努力；B.technology科技；C.passion激情；D.courage志氣。依據(jù)“since2017,shehas___11___herselfonlytoembroideryondryleaves.”可知，她帶著激情做這份工作。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一份充溢激情的工作，她用這種激情來思索和視察這個世界。A.rewarding嘉獎，獎賞；B.judging推斷，評判；C.protecting愛護；D.seeing望見。依據(jù)下文“andthelifethatisverybriefintheeyesofahuman”可知，此處表示她用自己的激情來思索和視察世界。故選D。【34題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：通過它，她試圖幫助人們意識到生命的漂亮和簡潔，即短暫的美，以及在人類眼中特別短暫的生命。A.add增加，添加；B.awaken喚醒；C.contribute貢獻，捐助；D.refer提到。依據(jù)下文“thebeautythatisshort-lived”可知，通過激情來幫助人們意識到生活中的漂亮，awakento“意識到”。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：通過它，她試圖幫助人們意識到生命的漂亮和簡潔，即短暫的美，以及在人類眼中特別短暫的生命。A.quality質(zhì)量；B.simplicity樸實，簡樸，簡潔；C.idea辦法；D.definition定義。此處指通過在干樹葉上刺繡，SolangeNunes明白了生命的漂亮和簡潔，也試圖把這種信息傳遞給他人。故選B。其次節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。JenniferCoates,a33-year-oldwriterinLosAngeles,___36___(accumulate)morethan110houseplantssinceshebegancollectinginJanuary.Today,they're___37___essentialpartofherdailyroutine.Everymorning,sherollsoutofbedandheadstothelivingroom___38___shebeginsa45-minutetourofallherplants,___39___(bury)fullyinplantculture.Itmightseemextreme,butCoatesisjustoneofmanybuddingplantenthusiastsdevotinghoursadayandthousandsofdollars___40___cultivatingplantcollectionsintheirhomes.Houseplantscouldthankvisuallydrivensocialmediafortheirrevivalinpopularity.ThatwashowCoates___41___(addict)initially.Thoughtheplantcrazemightseemlikeapassingsocialmediafashion,theyounggenerationis___42___(unique)suitedtomaintainalong-lastingloveaffairwithplants.Comparedwithotherlivingthings,suchaspets,plantsoftenrequire___43___(little)attention,buttheystillprovidetheopportunityforpeople___44___(raise)something.Plantscanprovideagreatersenseof____45____(achieve)andpurpose,sheexplained.【答案】36.hasaccumulated/hasbeenaccumulating37.an38.where39.buried40.to41.wasaddicted42.uniquely43.less44.toraise45.achievement【解析】本文是一篇記敘文，講解并描述了來自洛杉磯的作家Coates如何收集和探討室內(nèi)植物以及室內(nèi)植物所帶來的好處?！?6題詳解】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：33歲的洛杉磯作家JenniferCoates自今年1月起先收集室內(nèi)植物以來，已經(jīng)積累了110多種。依據(jù)時間狀語“sinceshebegancollectinginJanuary”可知，句子須要運用現(xiàn)在完成時。但文章并沒有說Coates到現(xiàn)在就不收集了，那么表示Coates還可能將接著下去，所以也可以用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。主語Coates是單數(shù)，且與謂語動詞ac