Unit3FamilymattersUsinglanguage課件高中英語(yǔ)

Unit

3

Family

matters

Using

language動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)Ⅰ.觀察感悟觀察下列句子，分別寫出它們所用的時(shí)態(tài)。1.

Grandfather

and

Father,

seated

at

the

table,

are

playing

chess.

____________現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)2.

Lawyers

help

people

and

are

respected

by

others.

____________一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)3.

...you

said

that

you

wanted

to

be

a

professional

football

player.

____________一般過(guò)去時(shí)4.

...you

have

found

the

career

that

suits

your

talents.

____________現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)5.

...you

will

have

two

options

for

your

future.

____________一般將來(lái)時(shí)Ⅱ.要點(diǎn)精析

英語(yǔ)中,不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)要用不同的動(dòng)詞形式來(lái)表示，這種表示時(shí)間關(guān)系變化的不同動(dòng)詞形式稱為時(shí)態(tài)。本課時(shí)主要復(fù)習(xí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、

一般過(guò)去時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（1）表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,

常與every

day、sometimes、often、usually等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。例如：I

leave

home

for

school

at

7

every

morning.每天早上我七點(diǎn)離開(kāi)家去上學(xué)。（2）表示普遍真理、客觀事實(shí)。例如：Shanghai

lies

in

the

east

of

China.上海位于中國(guó)東部。（3）表示格言或警句。例如：Pride

goes

before

a

fall.驕者必?cái)?。溫馨提?/p>

第（2）（3）種情況如果出現(xiàn)在賓語(yǔ)從句中,

即使主句是過(guò)去時(shí),

從句也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：The

teacher

told

us

the

sun

rises

in

the

east.老師告訴我們，太陽(yáng)從東方升起。（4）表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)、能力、性格等。例如：Ann

writes

good

English

but

does

not

speak

well.安英語(yǔ)寫得不錯(cuò),但說(shuō)得不好。比較：Now

I

put

the

sugar

in

the

cup.現(xiàn)在我把糖放入杯子里。I

am

doing

my

homework

now.現(xiàn)在我正在做作業(yè)。第一句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),

用于操作演示或指導(dǎo)說(shuō)明的示范性動(dòng)作,

表示言行的瞬間動(dòng)作。第二句中的now是進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志,

表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作的客觀狀況,

所以第二句用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)（1）表示在確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常見(jiàn)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有yesterday、last

week、an

hour

ago、the

other

day等。例如：Last

weekend

the

three

of

them

drove

home

to

see

their

parents.上周末,他們?nèi)齻€(gè)開(kāi)車回家看望父母。（2）表示在過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。例如：When

I

was

a

child,

I

often

played

football

in

the

street.小的時(shí)候,

我常在街上踢足球。（3）在條件狀語(yǔ)從句和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。例如：Mavis

said

she

would

come

if

I

promised

to

wait

for

her.梅維絲說(shuō)如果我答應(yīng)等她，她會(huì)來(lái)的。Melissa

told

me

that

as

soon

as

she

arrived,

she

would

ring

me

up.梅利莎告訴我她一到就給我打電話。3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)（1）will/shall

do

表示將來(lái)。will/shall

do表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。例如：Which

paragraph

shall

I

read

first？我先讀哪一段呢？Will

you

be

at

home

at

seven

this

evening？今晚七點(diǎn)你會(huì)在家嗎？（2）be

going

to

do

結(jié)構(gòu)表示將來(lái)。a.主語(yǔ)的意圖,

即將做某事。例如：What

are

you

going

to

do

tomorrow？明天你打算做什么呢？b.按計(jì)劃、安排要發(fā)生的事。例如：The

play

is

going

to

be

produced

next

month.這部戲?qū)⒂谙聜€(gè)月拍攝。c.有跡象表明要發(fā)生的事。例如：Look

at

the

dark

clouds;

there

is

going

to

be

a

storm.看那烏云,

暴風(fēng)雨就要來(lái)了。（3）be

to

do結(jié)構(gòu)表示將來(lái),表示計(jì)劃中約定的或按職責(zé)、義務(wù)和要求必須去做的事或即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例如：We

are

to

discuss

the

report

next

Saturday.我們將于下星期六討論這份報(bào)告。（4）be

about

to

do意為“馬上做某事”，

不能與tomorrow、next

week

等表示將來(lái)的具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。例如：He

is

about

to

leave

for

Beijing.他馬上要去北京了。（5）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。a.按照計(jì)劃或時(shí)刻表要發(fā)生的事情，常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞有come、go、arrive、leave、start、begin、return等。例如：The

train

leaves

at

six

tomorrow

morning.火車明天早上六點(diǎn)開(kāi)?！猈hen

does

the

bus

start？——公共汽車什么時(shí)候開(kāi)？—It

starts

in

ten

minutes.——它十分鐘后開(kāi)。b.在時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。例如：When

Bill

comes,

ask

him

to

wait

for

me.比爾來(lái)后,

讓他等我。I'll

write

to

you

as

soon

as

I

arrive

there.我一到那里,

就寫信給你。4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（1）表示現(xiàn)在（指說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話時(shí)）正在發(fā)生的事情。例如：We

are

waiting

for

you.我們正在等你。（2）表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,

但說(shuō)話時(shí)未必正在做。例如：Mr.

Green

is

writing

another

novel.格林先生在寫另一部小說(shuō)。（說(shuō)話時(shí)未必正在寫,只表示現(xiàn)階段所做的事）（3）表示將來(lái)，往往指計(jì)劃好或準(zhǔn)備要做的事。一些表示位置移動(dòng)的短暫性動(dòng)詞，如：come、go、arrive、leave、run、begin等的進(jìn)行時(shí)則表示馬上要做某事。例如：I'm

leaving

tomorrow.明天我要走了。I

am

meeting

my

pen

pal

at

the

airport

this

afternoon.今天下午我要去機(jī)場(chǎng)接我筆友。（4）與always、constantly、forever等副詞連用時(shí),往往表達(dá)說(shuō)話者生氣、贊揚(yáng)、同情、不滿、驚訝等感情色彩。例如：You

are

always

changing

your

mind.你老是改變主意。5.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（1）強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。這種用法表示說(shuō)話時(shí)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，但這個(gè)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響，常與already、yet、recently、lately、just等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。例如：I

have

already

finished

all

the

work.我已經(jīng)做完了所有的工作。The

manager

has

just

left.

If

only

you

had

come

a

moment

earlier.經(jīng)理剛走，你要是早來(lái)一會(huì)兒就好了。（2）表示過(guò)去的某一動(dòng)作或行為一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且有可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去。常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，如：all

my

life、all

the

time、up

to

now、in

the

past/last

few

years、since

then、for

a

long

time等。例如：Peter

has

been

ill

for

almost

a

month.彼得病了差不多一個(gè)月了。We

have

been

good

friends

since

then.從那時(shí)起，我們就是好朋友了。（3）在“It/This

is

the

first/second...time+that從句”中，從句的謂語(yǔ)要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。例如：This

is

the

first

time

that

we

have

seen

a

film

in

the

cinema

together

as

a

family.這是我們第一次一家人一起在電影院看電影。Ⅲ.實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練單句語(yǔ)法填空1.

The

plane

to

Beijing

______（take）

off

at

2:15

in

the

afternoon.takes2.

He

usually

_____（go）

for

a

walk

in

the

park

every

morning.goes3.

I

wasn't

able

to

hide

my

eagerness

when

I

______（ask）,

“What

do

you

wish

me

to

do

now?”asked4.

Hurry

up,

Peter!

The

taxi

__________（wait）

for

us

at

the

gate

of

the

hotel.is

waiting5.

In

the

past

10

years,

the

company

_____________（produce）

many

kinds

of

cars.has

produced6.

That

piece

of

music

sounds

quite

familiar.

Who

__________（play）

the

piano

upstairs?is

playing7.

His

first

two

novels

_____________（receive）

good

comments

since

they

came

out

last

month.have

received8.

There

________（be）

an

important

meeting

in

the

school

hall

next

Friday.will

be9.

The

book

has

been

translated

into

thirty

languages

since

it

______（come）

on

the

market

in

1973.came10.

Our

country

____________（become）

more

and

more

beautiful

in

the

near

future.will

become用本單元語(yǔ)法知識(shí)完成句子1.

曾經(jīng)，我走近我的父親和他聊天。___________________________________________________Once,

I

approached

my

father

and

had

a

chat

with

him.2.

他說(shuō)：“我當(dāng)職業(yè)律師已經(jīng)二十年了?！盻_________________________________________________________He

said,

“I

have

worked

as

a

professional

lawyer

for

20

years.”3.

我說(shuō)道：“我將來(lái)也要在法庭工作?！盻_____________________________________________I

said,

“I

will

also

work

in

a

court

in

the

future.”4.

現(xiàn)在，我認(rèn)為我有音樂(lè)天賦，我將來(lái)會(huì)專心于此。____________________________________________________________Now,

I

think

that

I

have

a

talent

for

music

and

I

will

focus

on

it.5.

在老師的幫助下，我取得了巨大的進(jìn)步。____________________________________________________With

the

help

of

my

teacher,

I

have

made

great

progress.6.

現(xiàn)在，我在更努力地去實(shí)現(xiàn)我的夢(mèng)想。________________________________________________At

present

I

am

working

harder

to

realize

my

dream.將上面的句子連成一篇文章

要求語(yǔ)言流暢、用詞準(zhǔn)確、邏輯嚴(yán)密。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Once,

I

approached

my

father

and

had

a

chat

with

him.

He

said,

“I

have

worked

as

a

professional

lawyer

for

20

years.”

I

said,

“I

will

also

work

in

a

court

in

the

future.”

But

now,

I

think

that

I

have

a

talent

for

music

and

I

will

focus

on

it.

With

the

help

of

my

teacher,

I

have

made

great

progress.

At

present

I

am

working

harder

to

realize

my

dream.詞句精講1

responsible

adj.（對(duì)事故、錯(cuò)誤、罪行等）負(fù)有責(zé)任的，應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任的情境佳句①Who

should

be

responsible

for

the

accident?誰(shuí)應(yīng)該對(duì)這次事故負(fù)責(zé)?②A

responsible

government

should

provide

poor

children

with

equal

opportunities

to

receive

education.一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)任的政府應(yīng)該為貧困兒童提供平等的受教育機(jī)會(huì)。③Don't

worry.

If

anything

goes

wrong,

I'll

take

responsibility

for

it.不要擔(dān)心,

如果出了問(wèn)題，我會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)的。歸納拓展（1）be

responsible

for...對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)/有責(zé)任（2）responsibility

n.責(zé)任；職責(zé)，義務(wù)take

responsibility

for

（doing）

sth.對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)take

on

responsibilities承擔(dān)責(zé)任a

sense

of

responsibility責(zé)任感學(xué)以致用［單句填空/完成句子］①

Helping

parents

do

the

housework

can

build

up

children's

sense

of

_____________（responsible）.responsibility②

Therefore,

let's

take

responsibility

____

building

up

a

low-carbon

city

by

riding

bicycles.for③

毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，每個(gè)人都有責(zé)任建設(shè)一個(gè)更好的校園。There

is

no

doubt

that

everyone

________________________

a

better

campus.is

responsible

for

building④

保護(hù)環(huán)境免受污染是我們的責(zé)任。_______________________

protect

the

environment

from

pollution.It

is

our

responsibility

to2

aim

v.力求達(dá)到；瞄準(zhǔn)；旨在

n.［C］目標(biāo)，目的

［U］瞄準(zhǔn)情境佳句①It

aims

to

deepen

people's

understanding

of

issues

that

are

related

to

families.

（教材原句）它旨在加深人們對(duì)與家庭有關(guān)的問(wèn)題的理解。②This

activity

is

aimed

at

improving

the

students'

ability

to

listen

and

speak.這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)旨在提高學(xué)生們的聽(tīng)說(shuō)能力。③The

aim

of

education

is

to

teach

young

people

to

think

for

themselves.教育的目的是教會(huì)年輕人獨(dú)立思考。歸納拓展（1）be

aimed

at目的是，旨在aim

to

do

sth.旨在做某事（2）take

aim（at）瞄準(zhǔn)with

the

aim

of以……為目標(biāo)，其目的是（3）aimless

adj.無(wú)目的的，沒(méi)有方向的aimlessly

adv.漫無(wú)目的地，無(wú)目標(biāo)地學(xué)以致用［單句填空］①

Twenty

students

want

to

attend

the

class

that

aims

________（teach）

how

to

read

fast.to

teach②

The

film

to

be

shown

next

month

is

mainly

aimed

___reflecting

the

local

culture.at③

He

took

aim

___

the

bird

in

the

tree

but

missed

it.at④

It

was

12

o'clock

at

noon

and

he

was

still

wandering

_________

（aim）

in

the

street.aimlessly3

observe

v.慶祝，過(guò)（節(jié)日、生日等）；觀察；注意到；遵守（規(guī)則、法律等）情境佳句①With

a

different

theme

each

year,

the

day

is

observed

with

a

wide

range

of

events

that

are

organised

at

local,

national

and

international

levels.

（教材原句）這個(gè)節(jié)日每年都有一個(gè)不同的主題，當(dāng)?shù)亍⑷珖?guó)乃至世界各地都組織一系列的活動(dòng)來(lái)慶祝它。②The

role

of

scientists

is

to

observe

and

describe

the

world,

not

to

try

to

control

it.科學(xué)家的作用是觀察和描述這個(gè)世界,

而不是試圖控制它。③They

observed

him

enter

the

bank.他們看見(jiàn)他走進(jìn)了銀行。歸納拓展（1）observe

sb.

doing

sth.看到某人正在做某事（動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行）observe

sb.

do

sth.看到某人做了某事（動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程）observe

rules遵守規(guī)則observe

festivals

慶祝節(jié)日（2）observation

n.觀察；監(jiān)視誤區(qū)警示observe

sb.

do

sth.變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，不定式要還原to。即sb.

be

observed

to

do

sth.。學(xué)以致用［賞句猜義/單句填空］①

Although

they

have

lived

in

the

U.S.

for

many

years,

they

still

observe

the

traditional

Chinese

festivals.

______慶祝②

Observe

carefully

if

any

change

happens

when

you

do

experiments

in

the

lab.

______觀察③

Readers

are

required

to

observe

the

rules

of

the

library

and

mind

their

manners.

______遵守④

Thousands

of

people

observed

the

ship

________（leave）

the

harbour.leaving⑤

An

airplane

was

observed

__________（appear）

on

the

radar

screen.to

appear4

range

n.一系列，范圍情境佳句①The

restaurant

is

said

to

offer

a

range

of

services

to

its

customers.據(jù)說(shuō)這家餐館為顧客提供一系列的服務(wù)。②Even

the

cheapest

house

was

out

of

our

price

range.即使是最便宜的房子也超出了我們能承受的價(jià)格范圍。③The

price

of

the

goods

in

this

store

ranges

from

2

yuan

to

200

yuan.這家商店里商品的價(jià)格從2元到200元不等。歸納拓展（1）a

wide

range

of一系列，許多，各種各樣的in/within

one's

range在某人的能力范圍內(nèi)out

of/beyond

one's

range

超出某人的能力范圍（2）range

v.變化，變動(dòng)；包括range

from...to...在……到……變動(dòng)；包括從……到……之間的各類事物學(xué)以致用［單句填空/單句寫作］①

This

restaurant

has

become

popular

for

its

wide

range

___

foods

that

suit

all

tastes

and

pockets.of②

I

have

various

hobbies,

ranging

from

collecting

stamps

___

swimming.to③

The

apartment

is

too

expensive

and

________

our

range.

I

think

we

should

choose

one

that

is

_________

our

range.beyondwithin/in④

在這個(gè)問(wèn)題上，存在各種各樣的意見(jiàn)。______________________________________________There

is

a

wide

range

of

opinions

on

this

problem.5

apologise

v.道歉情境佳句①Later,

on

the

phone

she

apologised

and

explained

that

she

was

busy

with

work...（教材原句）后來(lái)，她在電話中道歉，并解釋說(shuō)她工作很忙……②I'm

afraid

I

should

make

an

apology

to

you.

I'm

leaving

for

Paris

this

afternoon.恐怕我得向你表示歉意了。

我今天下午要去巴黎。③The

little

boy

apologised

to

his

mother

for

breaking

the

bowl.小男孩因打碎了碗而向媽媽道歉。歸納拓展（1）apologise

to

sb.

［for

（doing）

sth.］［因（做）某事］向某人道歉（2）apology

n.道歉make

an

apology

（to

sb.