廣東省江門市廣雅中學(xué)高二下學(xué)期3月月考英語試題B卷

江門市廣雅中學(xué)2022—2023學(xué)年第二學(xué)期3月教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測高二年級英語試卷(時間120分鐘，滿分130分)試卷類型：B第一部分單項選擇(共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分)1.Notuntilthe1920s________allAmericanwomentherighttovote.A.thatthelawguaranteed B.didthelawguarantee.C.whenthelawguaranteed D.thelawguaranteed【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查倒裝句。句意：直到二十世紀(jì)二十年代所有美國女性的投票權(quán)才得到法律的保障?！皀ot…until”表示“直到……才”；分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知本句為簡單句，不存在主從復(fù)合句；否定詞位于句首句子要部分倒裝，即把助動詞提到句首，這里是描述過去的事實，助動詞為did。故選B項。2.Therottingbananasareabadsmell,soyou’dbetterthrowthemaway.A.givingoff B.givingup C.givingaway D.givingin【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：腐爛的香蕉散發(fā)出難聞的氣味，所以你最好把它們?nèi)拥?。A.givingoff釋放；B.givingup放棄；C.givingaway捐贈；D.givingin屈服。根據(jù)句意可知，空格處的短語意義為“釋放”，所以應(yīng)該用giveoff。故選A。3.Upon________hispreviousjob,Michaelmovedtothecityandhe________ataschooltherewhenanearthquakestruckthearea.A.quitting;wasworking B.quitting;workedC.havingquitted;wasworking D.beingquitted;worked【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動詞ing形式。句意：Michael一辭去前一份工作，就搬到了城里，當(dāng)?shù)卣鸢l(fā)生時，他正在那里的一所學(xué)校工作。對于第一空，由于前一個非謂語部分中的動作quit與后一個謂語動詞move幾乎同時發(fā)生，所以用upondoingsth“一……就”；第二空表示在過去發(fā)生地震的某一個時間點正在發(fā)生的事，應(yīng)該使用過去進行時，故選A項。4.________foralmostamonth,Susanfinallywenttoseethedoctor________patienceandskillfulnessgreatlyfortedher.A.Beingill;which B.Havingbeenill;whereC.Beingill;whose D.Havingbeenill;whose【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞和限制性定語從句。句意：蘇珊病了快一個月了，終于去看醫(yī)生，醫(yī)生的耐心和能力很大地安慰了她。分析句子可知，謂語為wentto，因此第一空要用非謂語動詞，且與其邏輯主語Susan之間為主動關(guān)系，又根據(jù)for引導(dǎo)的時間狀語可知是用ill現(xiàn)在分詞完成時，所以填Havingbeenill。第二空涉及一個限制性定語從句，空處需要一個關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞thedoctor作從句patienceandskillfulness的定語，所以填whose。故選D項。5.HisopinionsaresoridiculousandimpracticalthatIdon'tseehowany________personcouldagreewithhim.A.considerate B.sensible C.genuine D.sensitive【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他的意見是如此荒謬和不切實際，我看不出哪個明智的人會同意他。A.considerate體貼的、考慮周到的；B.sensible明智的；C.genuine真誠的；D.sensitive敏感的。根據(jù)ridiculous及impractical可知，意見是荒謬的和不切實際的，明智的人不會同意。故選B項。6Themanwearingtheblacksuitwastheoneforchoppingdowntheoldtreearoundninetymeterstallinthebotanicgarden.A.tobeblamed,measured B.shouldbeblamed,tobemeasuredC.shouldblame,tobemeasured D.toblame,measuring【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查固定句型和非謂語動詞。句意：那個穿黑西裝的人是砍倒植物園里那棵大約90米高的老樹的罪魁禍?zhǔn)?。句子的謂語動詞為was，第一空修飾theone，且theone指代主語theman，此處考查句型sb.betoblameforsth，意為“某人應(yīng)該對某事負(fù)責(zé)”，此處相當(dāng)于定語從句whoistoblameforsth，先行詞為定語從句的主語，且從句中有be動詞，故可省略從句中的主語和be動詞，直接用不定式toblame，作theone的后置定語；第二空的動詞measure，與邏輯主語theoldtree構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞，現(xiàn)在分詞短語作tree的定語。故選D項。

7.IamimpressedwithChina’smitmenttoitsclimategoals,________bythefact________Chinahasmetits2025targetsthreeyearsaheadofschedule.A.evidenced;that B.evidenced;whichC.wasevidenced;that D.wasevidenced;which【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞和同位語從句。句意：我對中國實現(xiàn)氣候目標(biāo)的決心印象深刻，中國提前三年實現(xiàn)了2025年的目標(biāo)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中謂語是“amimpressed”，第一空用非謂語動詞，由by可知，第一空用過去分詞表被動；第二空引導(dǎo)的是同位語從句，從句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此用that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，故選A。8.Muchdisappointedashewas________inthejobinterview,hestillhadgreatconfidenceinhisabilities.A.tohavefailed B.tofail C.havingfailed D.failing【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：雖然他在求職面試中失敗了，但他仍然對自己的能力充滿信心。本句為as的倒裝句，還原后是ashewasmuchdisappointed________，這時可以看出是考查句型：sb/sthis+adj+todo個句型，這里的不定式是主動表被動，而且如果不定式的動作在主句的動作之前發(fā)生，用不定式的完成時。本句中的“面試失敗”發(fā)生在“對自己的能力充滿信心”之前，表示動作已完成并對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生了影響，此時要動詞不定式的完成時。故選A。9.TheworseninglivingconditionsontheCarteretIslandsfinallyresultedin________wecalledtherelocationofalltheislanders,from________arosetheproblemoflosingtheirtraditionsandcelebrations.A.which;what B.which;which C.what;that D.what;which【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查賓語從句和定語從句。句意：卡特雷特群島不斷惡化的生活條件最終導(dǎo)致了我們稱之為所有島民的搬遷，從而導(dǎo)致他們失去其傳統(tǒng)和慶?；顒拥膯栴}。第一空，介詞in后接賓語從句，call后接雙賓語，故從句缺少賓語，what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，從句中作賓語，表示“……的東西”；第二空，from____引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代上文____wecalledtherelocationofalltheislanders，且從句中作介詞賓語，故用關(guān)系代詞which，故選D。10.TheGreatWallissogoodaplace________manyforeignpeopleetovisit________ithasbeewellknownallovertheworld.A.as；as B.that；that C.as；that D.that；as【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查定語從句和狀語從句。句意：長城是一個如此好的地方,許多外國人來參觀，以至于它已經(jīng)世界文明。分析可知，第一空引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為aplace，在從句中作visit的賓語，在定語從句中，先行詞被so/as/such/thesame等詞修飾時，關(guān)系代詞用as；第二空引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，so...that...如此……以至于……，故選C。第二部分完形填空(共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。“NewRecruitsWanted.”Thissigncaughtmyeyeandrevived(重新喚起）thedreamIhadsincemychildhood.But,justasquickly,I___11___myselfthatIwasgettingclosetosixty.___12___forawhile,Ifinallyenteredthehallandfilledoutanapplication.Mydreamofbeinga(n)___13___beganwhenIwatchedthetelevisionshowRescue8,filmedwiththecooperationoftheLosAngelesFireDepartment___14___,acareerinconstructionandafamilytoraisegotinthewayofworkingforthelocalfiredepartment.Now,inanticipationof___15___,mywifeandIhadjustrelocatedtoabeautifulvillagenearSeattle.Ihadtimetogive.Tomy___16___,Iwasacceptedfortraining.Yes,Iwastheoldestrecruit,anditwassotoughthatIwasreadyto___17___oneday.WhenIgothomefrom___18___thatday,afriendcameover.IwasabouttosayIcouldn'tdoitanymorewhenhepassedmeabeautifullyillustratedbookoffirefightersin___19___,withapersonalizedmessageofinspiration,___20___metofollowmydream.AsIlookedthroughthepages,Ifeltamazedatthecourageand___21___ofthesebraveindividuals.ItgavemethestrengthIneededto___22___.Overthenextfewweeks,thetrainingcontinuedtobe___23___,butIneverlostfocusagain.Ilosttwentypounds,but___24___Iwascertificatedasafirefighter.AndnowIcandrivethebigredtrucksandservemymunity.Whenmostofmyfriendsareretiring,I'mstartinganewcareerIlove.AndIknowthatyou'renevertoooldtotakeonnew___25___;nevertoooldtofollowyourdreams.11.A.forted B.convinced C.reminded D.warned12.A.Preparing B.Looking C.Waiting D.Hesitating13.A.athlete B.soldier C.firefighter D.policeman14.A.Unfortunately B.Undoubtedly C.Thankfully D.Hopefully15.A.graduation B.retirement C.promotion D.registration16.A.disappointment B.relief C.puzzlement D.delight17.A.holdout B.dropout C.makeout D.workout18.A.trial B.work C.practice D.exercise19.A.action B.order C.charge D.demand20.A.allowing B.requiring C.persuading D.encouraging21.A.ambition B.devotion C.industry D.intelligence22.A.standout B.catchup C.carryon D.takeoff23.A.intense B.petitive C.plicated D.rewarding24.A.instantly B.unexpectedly C.eventually D.surprisingly25.A.ideas B.positions C.tasks D.challenges【答案】11.C12.D13.C14.A15.B16.D17.B18.C19.A20.D21.B22.C23.A24.C25.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了快60歲的作者決定參加消防員訓(xùn)練，雖然曾想過放棄，但是最終獲得了消防證書的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，我很快又提醒自己，我已經(jīng)快60歲了。A.forted安慰；B.convinced說服；C.reminded提醒；D.warned警告。根據(jù)后文“myselfthatIwasgettingclosetosixty.”可知作者提醒自己快60歲了。故選C。【12題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：猶豫了一會兒，我終于走進大廳，填了一份申請表。A.Preparing準(zhǔn)備；B.Looking看；C.Waiting等待；D.Hesitating猶豫。作者想到自己快60歲了，所以猶豫了一會兒才下決心。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我成為一名消防員的夢想始于我看了電視節(jié)目《救援8》，這部電視劇是由洛杉磯消防局合作拍攝的。A.athlete運動員；B.soldier士兵；C.firefighter消防員；D.policeman警察。根據(jù)后文“theLosAngelesFireDepartment”可知作者想成為消防員。故選C。【14題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，建筑業(yè)的職業(yè)和要撫養(yǎng)的家庭妨礙了我為當(dāng)?shù)叵啦块T工作。A.Unfortunately不幸地；B.Undoubtedly確實地；C.Thankfully感謝地；D.Hopefully有希望地。根據(jù)后文“acareerinconstructionandafamilytoraisegotinthewayofworkingforthelocalfiredepartment”可知，不幸的是，建筑業(yè)的職業(yè)和要撫養(yǎng)的家庭妨礙了我為當(dāng)?shù)叵啦块T工作。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，為了退休，我和妻子剛搬到西雅圖附近的一個美麗的村莊。A.graduation畢業(yè)；B.retirement退休；C.promotion提拔；D.registration注冊。結(jié)合上文提到作者快60歲了，可知是退休了，和妻子剛搬到西雅圖附近的一個美麗的村莊。故選B。【16題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令我高興的是，我被接受了訓(xùn)練。A.disappointment失望；B.relief安慰；C.puzzlement困惑；D.delight高興。根據(jù)后文“Iwasacceptedfortraining.”可知作者被接受了，所以很高興。故選D。【17題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：是的，我是年齡最大的新兵，工作太難了，以至于有一天我都準(zhǔn)備退出了。A.holdout堅持；B.dropout退出；C.makeout理解；D.workout解決。根據(jù)上文“itwassotoughthatIwasreadyto”可知工作太難，作者想退出。故選B。【18題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那天當(dāng)我練習(xí)完回家時，一個朋友過來了。A.trial試驗；B.work工作；C.practice練習(xí)；D.exercise鍛煉。呼應(yīng)上文“Iwasacceptedfortraining”指練習(xí)完，故選C?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我正打算說我再也不能這樣做的時候，他遞給我一本繪有精美插圖的消防員行動的書，書中還附有個性化的激勵信息，鼓勵我追隨自己的夢想。A.action行動；B.order訂單；C.charge收費；D.demand要求。根據(jù)上文“abeautifullyillustratedbookoffirefightersin”可知這本書里描繪消防員行動。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我正打算說我再也不能這樣做的時候，他遞給我一本繪有精美插圖的消防員行動的書，書中還附有個性化的激勵信息，鼓勵我追隨自己的夢想。A.allowing允許；B.requiring需要；C.persuading說服；D.encouraging鼓勵。根據(jù)上文“metofollowmydream”可知書上的信息鼓勵作者追隨夢想。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我翻閱時，我對這些勇敢的人的勇氣和奉獻精神感到驚訝。A.ambition野心；B.devotion奉獻；C.industry工業(yè)；D.intelligence智力。根據(jù)后文“ofthesebraveindividuals”此處指消防員的奉獻精神。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：它給了我堅持下去的力量。A.standout突出；B.catchup趕上；C.carryon繼續(xù)，堅持；D.takeoff起飛。根據(jù)上文“ItgavemethestrengthIneededto”可知作者從書里得到了堅持下去的力量。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來的幾周里，訓(xùn)練繼續(xù)緊張，但我再也沒有失去注意力。A.intense強烈的；B.petitive競爭的；C.plicated復(fù)雜的；D.rewarding值得的。根據(jù)上文“thetrainingcontinuedtobe”可知訓(xùn)練繼續(xù)緊張進行了。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我瘦了20磅，但最終我獲得了消防證書。A.instantly立即；B.unexpectedly意外地；C.eventually終于；D.surprisingly令人驚訝地。根據(jù)后文“Iwascertificatedasafirefighter”可知作者最終獲得了消防證書。故選C。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道你們永遠(yuǎn)不會因為老而不能接受新的挑戰(zhàn)；追逐夢想永遠(yuǎn)不嫌老。A.ideas想法；B.positions位置；C.tasks任務(wù)；D.challenges挑戰(zhàn)。作者60歲時追隨自己的夢想，所以此處指永遠(yuǎn)不會因為老而不能接受新的挑戰(zhàn)。故選D。第三部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AOvertheyears,alotofpeoplehavetalkedaboutNewYorkCity,includingsomefamouspeopleinallwalksoflife.HerearesomeoftheirideasabouttheBigApple.AndrewWK,musician:Ijustwanttobearoundpeoplewhoarepletelystrangetome.Everypersonwhowalksbyis,like,themostintensepersonyou’veeverseen!Andyouwonder:whydidtheyhavetoehereandmakeithere?PatriciaField,designer:WeliveinaculturalGardenofEden.Youwalkdownthestreetandinoneblockyouhearfivelanguages,youhavevisualsandsoundsofallthesecultures.It’seducationalandinspiringtoliveinandexperienceNYC—that’swhatkeepsmehere.NormanReedus,actor:There’sakindofopennessinNewYorkandNewYorkersingeneralthatI’mreallyfondof.It’soneofthoseplaceswhereyou’reoutandaboutamongstpeopleallday.I’mnotplainingaboutLosAngelesoranything—IdonothateLA;butyouknow,you’reinacarsomuchinLA.Hereeveryoneissayinghitoyou.Raul,soccerplayer:Youhavethebestshowsintheworldhere,no?Andtheyloveit.ThelastoneIsawwithmywifeandkidswasMatilda.Itwasveryniceforthekids.AndwesawMammaMia!Thisisaclassic.Youknow,withfivekids,youdon’thavealotoftime.Butwehavetoseemoreshows.Wearecrazyfans.26.WhatisthereasonforPatriciaField’slivinginNewYorkCity?A.Tomeetthepeoplewhoarepletelystrangetoher.B.BecausethereisakindofopennessinNewYorkandNewYorkers.C.Inordertolookforsomefamouspeople.D.Fortheinspiringandeducationalexperience.27.WhatkeepsRaulinNewYorkCity?A.Thecrazyfans. B.TheculturalGardenofEden.C.Theshows. D.Thefriendlyatmosphere.28.Whatcanweinferaboutthefamouspeoplementionedinthetext?A.TheylikeNYC. B.Theyarecreative.C.Theyarewelleducated. D.TheywillleaveNYCsoon.【答案】26.D27.C28.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要講述了一些各行各業(yè)的名人對紐約的一些看法?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“PatriciaField,designer:WeliveinaculturalGardenofEden.Youwalkdownthestreetandinoneblockyouhearfivelanguages,youhavevisualsandsoundsofallthesecultures.It’seducationalandinspiringtoliveinandexperienceNYC—that’swhatkeepsmehere.(PatriciaField，設(shè)計師：我們生活在一個文化伊甸園里。你走在街上，在一個街區(qū)里你會聽到五種語言，你會聽到所有這些文化的視覺和聲音。在紐約生活和體驗是有教育意義和鼓舞人心的——這就是讓我留在這里的原因。)”可知，PatriciaField留在紐約的原因是因為在紐約生活是鼓舞人心和有教育意義的。故選D?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Youhavethebestshowsintheworldhere,no?Andtheyloveit.(你們這里有世界上最好的演出，不是嗎？他們很喜歡。)”可知，Raul留在紐約的原因是因為紐約有最好的表演。故選C。【28題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“It’seducationalandinspiringtoliveinandexperienceNYC—that’swhatkeepsmehere.(在紐約生活和體驗是有教育意義和鼓舞人心——這就是讓我留在這里的原因。)”、第四段“There’sakindofopennessinNewYorkandNewYorkersingeneralthatI’mreallyfondof.(紐約和紐約人總的來說有一種開放的態(tài)度，這是我非常喜歡的。)”以及最后一段“Youhavethebestshowsintheworldhere,no?Andtheyloveit.(你們這里有世界上最好的演出，不是嗎？他們很喜歡。)”可知，文中提到這些名人是為了表明他們對于紐約的喜愛。故選A。BLarrywasonanotherofhisunderwaterexpeditions(探險)butthistime,itwasdifferent.Hedecidedtotakehisdaughteralongwithhim.Shewasonlytenyearsold.Thiswouldbeherfirsttripwithherfatheronwhathehadalwaysbeenfamousfor.Larryfirstbegandivingwhenhewashisdaughter’sage.Similarly,hisfatherhadtakenhimalongononeofhisexpeditions.Sincethen,hehadneverlookedback.Larrystartedoutbyrentingdivingsuitsfromthesmalldivingshopjustalongtheshore.Hehadhatedthem.Theywereeithertoobigortoosmall.Then,therewastheinstructor.Hegavehimashortlessonbeforeallowinghimintothewaterwithhisfather.Hehadmadeanexception.Larrywouldneverhavebeenabletogodownwithoutatleastfivehoursoftheoryandanothersimilarnumberofhoursonpracticallessonswithaguide.Childrenhisagewerenotevenallowedtodive.Afterthefirstexpedition,Larry’slaterdivingadventuresonlygotbetterandbetter.Therewasneveradullmoment.Inhisblackandbluesuitandwithanoxygentankfastenedonhisback,Larrydivedfromboatsintothemiddleoftheocean.Dangerousareasdidnotpreventhimfromcontinuinghissearch.Sometimes,hewaslimitedtoacageunderwaterbutthatdidnotbotherhim.Atleast,hewasstillabletotakephotographsoftheunderwatercreaturesLarry’sfirstexpeditionwithouthisfatherwasintheCaymanIslands.TherewerenumerousdivingspotsintheareaandLarrywasdeterminedtovisitallofthem.Fortunatelyforhim,amanofferedtotakehimaroundthedifferentspotsforfree___________________________29___________________________.ThedivingspotsaffordedsuchawidearrayoffishandseacreaturesthatLarrysawmorethanthirtyvarietiesofcreatures.Larrylookedathisdaughter.Shelookedasexcitedashehadbeenwhenhewasherage.Hehopedshewouldbeabletocontinuethefamilytradition.Already,shelookedlikeshewasmuchbraverthanLarryhadbeenthen.Thiswasthekeytoasuccessfulunderwaterexpedition.29.InwhatwaywasthisexpeditiondifferentforLarry?A.Hisdaughterhadgrownup.B.Hehadbeeafamousdiver.C.Hisfatherwoulddivewithhim.D.Hisdaughterwoulddivewithhim.30.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2?A.Larryhadsomeprivileges.B.Larrylikedtherenteddivingsuits.C.Divershadtobuydivingequipment.D.Tenyearoldchildrenwerepermittedtodive.31.WhydidLarryhavetostayinacageunderwatersometimes?A.Toprotecthimselffromdanger.B.Todiveintothedeepwater.C.Toadmiretheunderwaterview.D.Totakephotosmoreconveniently.32.WhatdidLarryexpecthisdaughtertodo?A.Beeasuccessfuldiver.B.Makeagooddivingguide.C.Takealotofphotosunderwater.D.Havelongerhoursoftraining.【答案】29.D30.A31.A32.A【解析】【分析】本文屬于記敘文。著名的潛水專家Larry回憶自己第一次潛水的事情，并敘述了他帶著自己10歲的女兒繼承家族傳統(tǒng)開始了潛水之旅?！?9題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的“Hedecidedtotakehisdaughteralongwithhim.Shewasonlytenyearsold.”（他決定帶著女兒一起去。她只有十歲。）可知，這次探險的特別之處在于，他要帶著10歲的女兒一起進行深海探險。故D正確?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。本題可以利用排除法。根據(jù)第二段的“Larrystartedoutbyrentingdivingsuitsfromthesmalldivingshopjustalongtheshore.Hehadhatedthem.”（拉里開始是從岸邊的一家小潛水店租潛水衣起家的。他恨他們。）可知，他不喜歡外租的潛水衣，所以B項錯誤。根據(jù)第4句“Larrystartedoutbyrentingdivingsuitsfromthesmalldivingshop”可知，他只要租潛水衣就可以了，不需要購買。故C錯誤。根據(jù)本段最后一句“Childrenhisagewerenotevenallowedtodive.”可知，10歲的孩子是不被允許去潛水的。故D錯誤。同時其他10歲的孩子不能潛水，但是他卻可以，正說明他有特權(quán)。故A正確。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Dangerousareasdidnotpreventhimfromcontinuinghissearch.Sometimes,hewaslimitedtoacageunderwaterbutthatdidnotbotherhim.”（危險地區(qū)并沒有阻止他繼續(xù)搜尋。有時，他被限制在水下的籠子里，但這并不困擾他。）可知，水下有很多危險的事物，為了保護他，他會被放在籠子里。但是這并沒有阻止他拍攝很多美麗的照片。故A正確?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第的“Hehopedshewouldbeabletocontinuethefamilytradition.”（他希望她能延續(xù)這個家族傳統(tǒng)。）可知，他希望自己的女兒能夠延續(xù)家族的傳統(tǒng)，也就是成為成功的潛水者。故A正確。CPinocchiomaybejustachildren’sstory,butSpanishscientistsattheUniversityofGranadarecentlyinvestigatedthesocalled“Pinocchioeffect”andfoundthatournosesdon’tgrowlongerwhenwetellalie,butactuallygetalittlebitsmaller.Dr.GómezMilánandhisteamdevelopedaliedetectortestthatusedthermal(熱成像的)camerastotellifpeoplewerelying,andfoundthatwheneverparticipantsintheirresearchwerebeinguntruthful,thetemperatureoftheirnosedroppedupto1.2℃,whilethetemperatureoftheirforeheadincreasedupto1.5℃.Theyalsofoundthatdropintemperatureatnoselevelactuallycausedittobeeslightlysmaller,althoughthedifferencecouldnotbeseenbythehumaneye.“Onehastothinkinordertolie,whichraisesthetemperatureoftheforehead,”Dr.GómezMilánexplainedthefindings.“Atthesametimewefeelanxious,whichlowersthetemperatureofthenose.”Forthisstudy,researchersaskedanumberof60studentstoperformvarioustaskswhilebeingscannedbythermalcameras.Oneofthesetasksinvolvedmakinga3to4minutecalltotheirparents,partnersorfriendsandtellinganimportantlie.Participantshadtomakeuptheliethemselvesduringthecall,andthethermalcameraspickedupthis“oppositePinocchioeffect”causedbythechangesintemperatureinthenoseandforehead.Interestingly,thethermalliedetectorpickedupthetemperaturedifferencein80percentoftestparticipants,whichisabetterrateofsuccessthanthatofanymodernliedetectorusedbythepolice.“Withthismethodwehaveincreasedaccuracyandreducethechancesof‘falsepositives’,somethingthatisfrequentwithothermethods,”saidDr.GómezMilán,whoaddedthatpolicecouldonedaybineotherliedetectiontechnologywiththeirtechnologytoachievebetterresults.33.Whydidthetemperatureoftheparticipants’foreheadsgoupduringthetest?A.Theyfeltashamed. B.Theyhadtothinkhard.C.Theywerescared. D.Theygotembarrassed.34.Whatphenomenondoesthe“oppositePinocchioeffect”referto?A.Thenosebeessmaller. B.Thenosegetslonger.C.Thetemperaturegetshigher. D.Thetemperatureremainsthesame.35.Whatcanwelearnabouttheresearch?A.Thethermalliedetectormayassistthepolice.B.Thethermalliedetectorhasprovenapopularone.C.Researchersconductedthestudybyinterviewing.D.Researchersdesigneddifferentliesforparticipants.36.Whichmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WillLieDetectorsTelltheTruth? B.WillThermalTechnologyBeReliable?C.WillLyingMakeYourNoseLonger? D.WillLyingMakeYourTemperatureRise?【答案】33B34.A35.A36.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了西班牙科學(xué)家最近發(fā)現(xiàn)的一個“反皮諾曹效應(yīng)”：人們在撒謊的時候，鼻子不是變長，而是變小。【33題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的倒數(shù)第二句中“Onehastothinkinordertolie,whichraisesthetemperatureoftheforehead.”（一個人必須思考才能撒謊，這會提高額頭的溫度。）可知，被試在測試中額頭溫度升高是因為他們在仔細(xì)思考。故選B項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。匹諾曹的故事里，匹諾曹撒謊時，鼻子會變長，但是根據(jù)第一段“Pinocchiomaybejustachildren’sstory,butSpanishscientistsattheUniversityofGranadarecentlyinvestigatedthesocalled‘Pinocchioeffect’andfoundthatournosesdon’tgrowlongerwhenwetellalie,butactuallygetalittlebitsmaller.”（匹諾曹興許只是兒童故事，但是格拉納達(dá)大學(xué)的西班牙科學(xué)家最近研究了所謂的“匹諾曹效應(yīng)”，發(fā)現(xiàn)我們說謊時鼻子不會長，但實際上會縮小一點。）可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)撒謊時鼻子會縮小，與匹諾曹的故事相反，說明“反匹諾曹效應(yīng)”指的是說謊時鼻子會縮小。故選A項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“‘Withthismethodwehaveincreasedaccuracyandreducethechancesof‘falsepositives’,somethingthatisfrequentwithothermethods,’saidDr.GómezMilán,whoaddedthatpolicecouldonedaybineotherliedetectiontechnologywiththeirtechnologytoachievebetterresults”（戈麥斯·米蘭博士說：“我們用這種方法提高了測謊準(zhǔn)確率，降低了誤報的發(fā)生率，而其他方法經(jīng)常會出現(xiàn)誤報。”他還說，警察可能有一天能夠把熱成像技術(shù)和其他測謊技術(shù)結(jié)合起來以達(dá)到更準(zhǔn)確的結(jié)果。）可知，如果警察日后能夠?qū)岢上窦夹g(shù)和其他測謊技術(shù)結(jié)合起來，那么就會有更好的結(jié)果，說明熱成像測謊儀也許能夠幫助警察。故選A項?！?6題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其是第一段“Pinocchiomaybejustachildren’sstory,butSpanishscientistsattheUniversityofGranadarecentlyinvestigatedthesocalled‘Pinocchioeffect’andfoundthatournosesdon’tgrowlongerwhenwetellalie,butactuallygetalittlebitsmaller.”（匹諾曹興許只是兒童故事，但是格拉納達(dá)大學(xué)的西班牙科學(xué)家最近研究了所謂的“匹諾曹效應(yīng)”，發(fā)現(xiàn)我們說謊時鼻子不會長，但實際上會縮小一點。）可知，文章由匹諾曹為切入點，介紹了一個研究，該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)人在撒謊時鼻尖溫度會降低，這會導(dǎo)致鼻子稍微變小——這就是“反匹諾曹效應(yīng)”。所以C項“撒謊會讓你的鼻子變長嗎？”最適合作為本文標(biāo)題。故選C項。DWithgreaterclimatecatastrophe(氣候突變)onEarth,itisnaturalforustomakeeveryefforttostopthepotentialfloods,snowstorms,andalarmingreportsfromscientists.Formanyofus(myselfincluded),partofthatmeansrunningouttobuyreusablestraws,organiccleaners,andpackagingfreeproducts.However,beforeyouaredelightedat“green”purchases,takeasecondtoconsidertheresultsofanewstudyfromArizonaUniversity.Byparingtheshoppinghabits,mentalhealthandenvironmentalimpactofyoungpeople,theresearchersreconfirmedaprinciple:Buyinglessbeatsbuying“green”stuffwithouteffort.AndthatistruewhetheryouarelookingattheimpactthatyourpurchaseshaveontheEarthoronyourownhappiness.Itshouldnoteasashockthatsimplyconsuminglessisbetterfortheplanet.Afterall,everynewitemafactoryyieldsrequiressomeresourcestoproduce.Takeplasticbagbansforinstance.Ifyourcityisgettingridofsingleuseshoppingbags,itcanbeattractivetopayforafashionableorganiccottonbaghanginginthecheckoutlineofyourlocalsupermarket.However,expertsinsistthatgrowingcottonisactuallynobetterfortheEarththanproducingtheconventionalplasticbags.Thenwhatisyourbestbetforcarryingyourgroceriesifyoucareaboutsustainability?Anybagyoualreadyown.ItisnotjusttheEarththatwillbehappierifyoubuyless.Youwillfeelmorecontentedtoo,accordingtothenewstudy.“Peoplebelievethattheymightwellbeselfsatisfiedaboutbeingenvironmentallyconsciousthrough‘green’buyingpatterns,butitdoesn’tseemtobethatway”,saidtheleadresearcherSabrinaHelm.“Reducedconsumptionhaseffectsonincreasedwellbeing,butwedon’tseethatwith‘green’consumption.”“Owningeverynew‘green’productonthemarketmightmakeyoufeelcontented,butifyourelieveyourselfofthatburdenofownership,mostpeoplereportfeelingalotbetter,”saidHelm.37.Whydoesthewritermention“green”shoppinghabits?A.Tocallonagreenlifestyle. B.Topraisepeople’sgreenefforts.C.Tointroduceasocialtrend. D.Topresentahalftrue“green”truth.38.What’sthemainideaofparagraph3?A.Theplasticbagbansareofnoeffect. B.Usinganybagyouhaveisthebestbet.C.ReducedconsumptionisbetterfortheEarth. D.GrowingcottonisfarworsefortheEarth.39.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph4referto?A.Thesenseofachievement. B.Thesenseofhappiness.C.Thesenseofrelief. D.Thesenseofsecurity.40.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.LessisMore B.TheGreenerTheHappierC.HappinessGuarantee D.WhatAreGreenProducts?【答案】37.D38.C39.B40.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了無論是對地球的影響還是對自己的幸福感而言，減少消費比綠色消費更好?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。由第一段中的“Formanyofus(myselfincluded),partofthatmeansrunningouttobuyreusablestraws,organiccleaners,andpackagingfreeproducts.(對我們許多人（包括我自己）來說，這部分意味著要去買可重復(fù)使用的吸管、有機清潔劑和無包裝產(chǎn)品)”和第二段中的“Byparingtheshoppinghabits,mentalhealthandenvironmentalimpactofyoungpeople,theresearchersreconfirmedaprinciple:Buyinglessbeatsbuying“green”stuffwithouteffort.(通過比較年輕人的購物習(xí)慣、心理健康和環(huán)境影響，研究人員再次確認(rèn)了一個原則：少買比不費力地買“綠色”東西要好)”可知，研究人員認(rèn)為“少買”比“不費力地買‘綠色’東西要好”（說明綠色購物并不好），可得出作者提到綠色購物習(xí)慣是為了呈現(xiàn)一種不太正確的綠色理念。故選D項?！?8題詳解】主旨大意題。由第三段主題句“Itshouldnoteasashockthatsimplyconsuminglessisbetterfortheplanet.(簡單地減少消費對地球更好，這不應(yīng)該讓人感到震驚)”可知，第三段主要講述了減少消費對地球更好。故選C項。【39題詳解】詞句猜測題。由第四段中的“Reducedconsumptionhaseffectsonincreasedwellbeing,butwedon’tseethatwith‘green’consumption.(減少消費會對提高幸福感產(chǎn)生影響，但我們在‘綠色’消費中看不到that)”可知，that指代上文，減少消費對于增加幸福感有影響，但是我們看不到綠色消費對幸福感的影響，that指代“Thesenseofhappiness(幸福感)”。故選B項?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。由第二段中的“Byparingtheshoppinghabits,mentalhealthandenvironmentalimpactofyoungpeople,theresearchersreconfirmedaprinciple:Buyinglessbeatsbuying“green”stuffwithouteffort.AndthatistruewhetheryouarelookingattheimpactthatyourpurchaseshaveontheEarthoronyourownhappiness.(通過比較年輕人的購物習(xí)慣、心理健康和環(huán)境影響，研究人員再次確認(rèn)了一個原則：少買比不費力地買“綠色”東西要好。無論你是在看你的購買對地球的影響，還是對你自己的幸福感的影響，這都是事實)”，第三段主題句“Itshouldnoteasashockthatsimplyconsuminglessisbetterfortheplanet.(簡單地減少消費對地球更好，這不應(yīng)該讓人感到震驚)”和第四段中的“ItisnotjusttheEarththatwillbehappierifyoubuyless.Youwillfeelmorecontentedtoo,accordingtothenewstudy.(如果你減少購買，不僅地球會更幸福。根據(jù)這項新研究，你也會感到更滿足)”可知，文章主要介紹了無論是對地球的影響還是對自己的幸福感而言，減少消費比綠色消費更好，所以“少即是多”可以作為文章標(biāo)題。故選A項。第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Foodispartofwhoweare.Weallneedit,survivebecauseofitandderivehappinessfromit.Soiffoodmatterssomuch,whydoweletsomuchofitgorotteninourfridges,orgetthrownoutinourstores?Sadly,welovefood,butwedon’ttakecareofit.____41____Herearewaystohelpusloveourfoodbetterandgrowrespectfortheworldbehindwhatweeat.?Reduceyourfoodwaste.Buyonlythefoodyouneed,storefoodwisely,donateexcessandturnleftoverfoodintothenextday’smeals.Whenwewastefood,alltheresourcesusedforgrowing,processing,transportingandmarketingthatfoodarewastedtoo.____42____?Supportyourlocalfoodproducers.Chefsgetawards,starsandrecognitionfortheircreations.Butwhataboutourfarmers?____43____Shopatyourlocalmarketsandgettoknowyourfarmers.Givingthemyourbusinessisgivingthemyourrecognitionandrespect.?Adoptahealthier,moresustainablediet.____44____Wegetenergyandmaintainhealthfromgoodfood.Wenormallydon’tcarethepowerthatfoodandnutritionhaveoverourbodies.Toomuchofit,ortoomuchofonlyonekindofit,canleadtoobesity,deficienciesordietrelateddiseases.?____45____Bytreatingeachmealwithpride,werespectthefarmerswhoproducedit,andtheresourcesthatwentintoit.Respectcanbepassedon.Talktothepeoplearoundandtothenextgenerationaboutmakinginformed,healthyandsustainablefoodchoices.Respectingfoodmeansappreciatingthebackstoryoffood.Whenweknowthefullpicture,itiseasiertoseewhatourfoodreallystandsforandhowpreciousitreallyis.A.Haveaconversation.B.Learnwherefoodesfrom.C.Ourbodiesconsumecaloriesandnutrients.D.Formanypeopleontheplanet,foodisgiving.E.Foodissomuchmorethanwhatisonourplates.F.Onethirdofallfoodproducedgloballyislostorwasted.G.Withoutthem,wewouldn’thavethefreshfoodweneedonadailybasis.【答案】41.F42.E43.G44.C45.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了我們都需要食物，因為它而生存，并從中獲得幸福；但是食物浪費的現(xiàn)象過于嚴(yán)重。文章提出了可以幫助我們更好地愛惜我們的食物，