20242025版新教材高中英語Unit5OntheroadPeriod4Writing測(cè)評(píng)含解析外研版必修第二冊(cè)

Period4Writing寫明信片(Writeapostcard)英語課上,老師讓學(xué)生們給父母或摯友寫一張自己在北京旅游的明信片。要點(diǎn)如下:1.來之前的想法;2.到之后的見聞。體裁應(yīng)用文話題在北京旅游時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主人稱第一人稱為主1.應(yīng)得,值得deserve2.圍繞 surround3.有教化意義的 educational4.建筑物 construction5.文化遺產(chǎn) culturalrelics6.厭倦 be/feeltiredof7.度假 goonavacation8.許多名勝 manyplacesofinterest9.接近大自然 getclosetonature10.開闊我們的視野 broadenourhorizons11.微笑迎接每一天 greeteverydaywithasmile12.保持身心健康 keephealthybothphysicallyandmentally13.享受豐富多彩的生活 enjoyacolorfulandfruitfullife1.文化遺產(chǎn)具有教化意義。但作為一個(gè)00后,我有時(shí)會(huì)厭倦古代中國(guó)的歷史。一般表達(dá):Theculturalrelicsareeducational.ButIsometimesfeeltiredofthepasthistoryofancientChinaasoneofthe00s.高級(jí)表達(dá):Educationalastheculturalrelicsare,IsometimesfeeltiredofthepasthistoryofancientChinaasoneofthe00s.(as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句)2.北京被許多現(xiàn)代建筑物環(huán)繞。北京不愧是我們祖國(guó)的首都。一般表達(dá):Beijingissurroundedbyaprettylargenumberofmodernconstructions.Beijingdeservesitsstateasthecapitalcityofourmotherland.高級(jí)表達(dá):Surroundedbyaprettylargenumberofmodernconstructions,Beijingdeservesitsstateasthecapitalcityofourmotherland.(過去分詞短語作狀語)Dearmomanddad,I,yourdeardaughter,am1.havinggreatfungoingonavacationinBeijing(在北京度假玩得很歡樂).

2.Educationalastheculturalrelicsare(雖然文化遺產(chǎn)具有教化意義),IsometimesfeeltiredofthepasthistoryofancientChinaasoneofthe00s.However,Ifeelwelcomedbythewholecityespeciallywhenpeoplehereare3.asfriendlyaswethoughtbefore(和我們之前想的一樣友好).What’smore,theweatherhereismuchcooler,atleastinsummer.Moreover,theroadsherearebroad.4.Surroundedbyaprettylargenumberofmodernconstructions(被許多現(xiàn)代建筑物環(huán)繞),Beijingdeservesitsstateas5.thecapitalcityofourmotherland(我們祖國(guó)的首都).

Bestwishesandlookforwardtoseeingyousoon.Yours,LiHua1.確定體裁:本文是一篇應(yīng)用文;2.確定人稱:本文主要人稱為第一人稱;3.確定時(shí)態(tài):介紹景點(diǎn)見聞?dòng)靡话悻F(xiàn)在時(shí),談?wù)撨^去的行程用一般過去時(shí),介紹下一步的行程用將來時(shí)。1.onatrip在旅游2.can’twaittoenjoy 迫不及待地欣賞3.extremelyclear 特殊清爽4.crowdsofvisitors 成群的游客5.bemorethanhappy 特殊歡樂1.IhavebeenonatripforlessthansevendaysinHainanwithmyfamily.我和家人在海南旅行了不到七天。2.Atthemoment,IamstayinginSanya.ItliesinthesouthofChina.目前,我住在三亞。它位于中國(guó)的南部。3.Afterwegotofftheplane,weenjoyedthebeautifulscenery.下飛機(jī)后,我們欣賞美麗的景色。4.Whenwewerehavinglunchataseafoodrestaurantnearthebeach,ImadeanewfriendwithayoungmanfromAfrica.當(dāng)我們?cè)诤┡赃叺囊患液ｕr餐廳吃午飯時(shí),我與一個(gè)來自非洲的年輕人成為了新?lián)从选?.HeisattractedtoChinesecultureandhastravelledtoseveralplacesofinterest.他著迷于中國(guó)文化,已經(jīng)巡游了許多風(fēng)景名勝。【句式升級(jí)】1.用定語從句改寫句2Atthemoment,IamstayinginSanya,whichliesinthesouthofChina.2.用can’twait改寫句3Afterwegotofftheplane,wecouldn’twaittoenjoythebeautifulscenery.3.用狀語從句的省略改寫句4Whenhavinglunchataseafoodrestaurantnearthebeach,ImadeanewfriendwithayoungmanfromAfrica.4.用定語從句將句4和句5合并為一句Whenhavinglunchataseafoodrestaurantnearthebeach,ImadeanewfriendwithayoungmanfromAfrica,whoisattractedtoChinesecultureandhastravelledtoseveralplacesofinterest.假定你是李華,你在海南旅游,收到摯友Sam的來信,詢問你的旅游行程。請(qǐng)用明信片的方式給他回信介紹狀況。留意:1.詞數(shù)80左右;2.可以適當(dāng)增加微小環(huán)節(jié),以使行文連貫。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】Hi,SamIhavebeenonatripforlessthansevendaysinHainanwithmyfamily.Atthemoment,IamstayinginSanya.Wewenttherebyplane.Afterwegotofftheplane,wecouldn’twaittoenjoythebeautifulscenery.Theweatherisalittlehotbuttheskyisextremelyclear.Youcanseecrowdsofvisitors—theyoung,theold...ontheisland.Somearesurfingandothersaredivinginthedeeperpartofthesea.Whenhavinglunchataseafoodrestaurantnearthebeach,ImadeanewfriendwithayoungmanfromAfrica,whoisattractedtoChinesecultureandhastravelledseveralplacesofinterest.Itisdefinitelyanexcitingtrip.IfIhaveachance,Iwillbemorethanhappytovisittheplaceagain.Sincerelyyours,LiHuaPassage1(2024·浙江高考·B)主題語境話題體裁詞數(shù)建議用時(shí)人與社會(huì)智能信號(hào)燈說明文3036分鐘ThetrafficsignalsalongFactoriaBoulevardinBellevue,Washington,generallydon’tflashthesamelengthofgreentwiceinarow,especiallyatrushhour.At9:30am,thefullred/yellow/greensignalcyclemightbe140seconds.By9:33am,aburstofadditionaltrafficmightpushitto145seconds.Lesstrafficat9:37amcouldpushitdownto135.Justlikethetrafficitself,thetimingofthesignalschanges.Thatisbydesign.Bellevue,afast-growingcityjusteastofSeattle,usesasystemthatisgainingpopularityaroundtheUS:intersection(十字路口)signalsthatcanadjustinrealtimetotrafficconditions.Theselights,knownasadaptivesignals,haveledtosignificantdeclinesinboththetroubleandcostoftravelsbetweenworkandhome.“Adaptivesignalscanmakesurethatthetrafficdemandthatisthereisbeingaddressed,”saysAlexStevanovic,aresearcheratFloridaAtlanticUniversity.ForallofBellevue’ssuccess,adaptivesignalsarenotacure-allforjammedroadways.KevinBalke,aresearchengineerattheTexasA&MUniversityTransportationInstitute,saysthatwhilesmartlightscanbeparticularlybeneficialforsomecities,othersaresojammedthatonlyasharpreductioninthenumberofcarsontheroadwillmakeameaningfuldifference.“It’snotgoingtofixeverything,butadaptivesignalshavesomebenefitsforsmallercities,”hesays.InBellevue,theswitchtoadaptivesignalshasbeenalessoninthevalueofwelcomingnewapproaches.Inthepast,therewasoftenanautomaticreactiontoincreasedtraffic:justwidentheroads,saysMarkPoch,theBellevueTransportationDepartment’strafficengineeringmanager.Nowhehopesthatothercitieswillconsidermakingtheirstreetsrunsmarterinsteadofjustmakingthembigger.【語篇概述】這是一篇說明文。美國(guó)華盛頓州的Bellevue接受了能隨交通狀況而調(diào)整交通燈時(shí)間的適應(yīng)性信號(hào)燈,大大緩解了交通壓力,也表明人們對(duì)于交通堵塞問題不再只是拓寬道路,而是能夠接受新方法。1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“That”inParagraph2referto?A.Increasedlengthofgreenlights.B.Shortenedtrafficsignalcycle.C.Flexibletimingoftrafficsignals.D.Smoothtrafficflowontheroad.【解析】選C。代詞指代題。That位于其次段句首,應(yīng)是指代第一段的內(nèi)容。依據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容尤其是第一段最終一句“Justlikethetrafficitself,thetimingofthesignalschanges.”(就像交通本身一樣,信號(hào)燈的時(shí)間也會(huì)變更。)可知,第一段主要講解并描述的是信號(hào)燈的時(shí)間會(huì)靈敏變更;“Thatisbydesign.”意為“那是有意為之?！?由此可推知,That指代第一段中“信號(hào)燈的靈敏時(shí)間”。故選C項(xiàng)。2.WhatdoesKevinBalkesayaboutadaptivesignals?A.Theyworkbetteronbroadroads.B.Theyshouldbeusedinothercities.C.Theyhavegreatlyreducedtrafficontheroad.D.Theyarelesshelpfulincitiesseriouslyjammed.【解析】選D。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中“adaptivesignalsarenotacure-allforjammedroadways”(但適應(yīng)性信號(hào)燈并不是解決擁堵道路的萬能藥)及“othersaresojammedthatonlyasharpreductioninthenumberofcarsontheroadwillmakeameaningfuldifference”(其他城市交通堵塞如此嚴(yán)峻,只有削減道路上的車輛才能起有意義的作用)可推知,KevinBalke認(rèn)為適應(yīng)性信號(hào)燈對(duì)于交通堵塞很嚴(yán)峻的城市沒有太大幫助。故選D項(xiàng)。3.WhatcanwelearnfromBellevue’ssuccess?A.Itisrewardingtotrynewthings.B.Theoldmethodsstillworktoday.C.Itpaystoputtheoryintopractice.D.Thesimplestwayisthebestway.【解析】選A。推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段最終一句(這些燈,被稱為適應(yīng)性信號(hào)燈,已經(jīng)大大削減了工作和家庭之間的麻煩和花費(fèi)。)和最終一段第一句(在Bellevue,對(duì)適應(yīng)性信號(hào)燈的轉(zhuǎn)變是一個(gè)在歡迎新方法的價(jià)值方面的榜樣。)可推知,從Bellevue的成功中可以得出,嘗試新事物是值得的。故選A項(xiàng)。本文介紹了智能信號(hào)燈的利與弊。文章選材時(shí)代性強(qiáng),貼近學(xué)生生活,考查實(shí)力全面,側(cè)重考查學(xué)生的語言學(xué)問、文化意識(shí)和邏輯思維、批判性思維、辯證思維實(shí)力,關(guān)注學(xué)生的核心素養(yǎng),充分體現(xiàn)高考堅(jiān)持立德樹人,發(fā)展素養(yǎng)教化的功能。Mainidea:Adaptivesignals●Para.1:ThetrafficsignalsalongFactoriaBoulevardinBellevue,Washington,generallydon’tflashthesamelengthofgreentwiceinarow,especially1.

●Para.2:Theselights,knownasadaptivesignals,have2boththetroubleandcostoftravelsbetweenworkandhome.

●Para.3:“Adaptivesignalscanmakesurethatthetrafficdemandthatisthereisbeing3,”saysAlexStevanovic,aresearcheratFloridaAtlanticUniversity.

●Para.4:ForallofBellevue’ssuccess,adaptivesignalsarenotacure-allforjammedroadways.KevinBalke,saysthatwhilesmartlightscan4somecities,othersaresojammedthatonly5inthenumberofcarsontheroadwill6●Para.5:InBellevue,theswitchtoadaptivesignalshasbeenalessoninthevalueof7.Inthepast,therewasoftenanautomaticreactiontoincreasedtraffic:just8,saysMarkPoch.Nowhehopesthatothercitieswillconsidermakingtheirstreetsrunsmarterinsteadofjustmakingthembigger.

答案:1.atrushhour2.ledtosignificantdeclinesin3.addressed4.beparticularlybeneficialfor5.asharpreduction6.makeameaningfuldifference7.welcomingnewapproaches8.widentheroads核心詞匯試填1.把它降到pushitdownto

2.有意,蓄意 bydesign

3.快速增長(zhǎng)的 fast-growing4.一種自動(dòng)反應(yīng) anautomaticreactionto

Passage2(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ·D)主題語境話題體裁詞數(shù)建議用時(shí)人與社會(huì)猴子能進(jìn)行基本加法計(jì)算說明文3287分鐘Monkeysseemtohaveawaywithnumbers.AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswith0-25dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.Here’showHarvardMedicalSchoolscientistMargaretLivingstone,wholedtheteam,describedtheexperiment:Intheircagesthemonkeyswereprovidedwithtouchscreens.Ononepartofthescreen,asymbolwouldappear,andontheothersidetwosymbolsinsideacirclewereshown.Forexample,thenumber7wouldflashononesideofthescreenandtheotherendwouldhave9and8.Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreentheywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice;iftheywentforthecircle,theywouldberewardedwiththesumofthenumbers—17inthisexample.Afterrunninghundredsoftests,theresearchersnotedthatthemonkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime,indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination.Whentheteamexaminedtheresultsoftheexperimentmoreclosely,theynoticedthatthemonkeystendedtounderestimate(低估)asumcomparedwithasinglesymbolwhenthetwowerecloseinvalue—sometimeschoosing,forexample,a13overthesumof8and6.Theunderestimationwassystematic:Whenaddingtwonumbers,themonkeysalwayspaidattentiontothelargerofthetwo,andthenaddedonlyafraction(小部分)ofthesmallernumbertoit.“Thisindicatesthatthereisacertainwayquantityisrepresentedintheirbrains,”DrLivingstonesays.“Butinthisexperimentwhatthey’redoingispayingmoreattentiontothebignumberthanthelittleone.”【語篇概述】這是一篇說明文。哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院的一位科學(xué)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的探討團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)覺猴子能進(jìn)行基本的加法計(jì)算。4.Whatdidtheresearchersdotothemonkeysbeforetestingthem?A.Theyfedthem. B.Theynamedthem.C.Theytrainedthem. D.Theymeasuredthem.【解析】選C。微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswith0-25dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.可知,在對(duì)這些猴子進(jìn)行測(cè)試之前,探討人員對(duì)它們進(jìn)行了培訓(xùn)。故C項(xiàng)正確。5.Howdidthemonkeysgettheirrewardintheexperiment?A.Bydrawingacircle. B.Bytouchingascreen.C.Bywatchingvideos. D.Bymixingtwodrinks.【解析】選B。微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知,當(dāng)猴子觸摸屏幕左邊時(shí),它們會(huì)得到7滴水或者果汁的嘉獎(jiǎng);當(dāng)它們觸摸屏幕的另一端(即畫著圓圈的部分)時(shí),它們會(huì)得到17滴水或果汁的嘉獎(jiǎng)。由此可知,猴子是通過觸摸屏幕得到嘉獎(jiǎng)的。故B項(xiàng)正確。6.WhatdidLivingstone’steamfindaboutthemonkeys?A.Theycouldperformbasicaddition.B.Theycouldunderstandsimplewords.C.Theycouldmemorizenumberseasily.D.Theycouldholdtheirattentionforlong.【解析】選A。微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段“theresearchersnotedthatthemonkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime,indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachcombination.和第五段中的Whenaddingtwonumbers,themonkeysalwayspaidattentiontothelargerofthetwo,andthenaddedonlyafractionofthesmallernumbertoit.可知,猴子會(huì)在超過一半的時(shí)間內(nèi)選擇更高的值,這意味著它們?cè)谶M(jìn)行計(jì)算,而不僅僅是記住每一個(gè)組合的值。所以猴子能夠進(jìn)行基本的加法計(jì)算。故A項(xiàng)正確。7.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Entertainment. B.Health.C.Education. D.Science.【解析】選D。推理推斷題。通讀整篇文章可知,該文介紹的是哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院的科學(xué)家MargaretLivingstone領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一個(gè)探討團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)猴子進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)得出的探討結(jié)果,這屬于“科學(xué)探討”范疇,故該文應(yīng)出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的“科學(xué)”版塊。故D項(xiàng)正確。本文是典型的科普說明文,考查了學(xué)生對(duì)相關(guān)探討過程和內(nèi)容獲得信息的實(shí)力和理解實(shí)力。涉及該科學(xué)探討的探討結(jié)果、探討過程、探討樣本及探討意義,體現(xiàn)了“引導(dǎo)思辨”的特征。考生不僅要具備良好的語言實(shí)力和文化意識(shí),還要有良好的思維品質(zhì),可以通過擴(kuò)大閱讀量來獲得信息,提高實(shí)力。Mainidea:Monkeysseemtohaveawaywithnumbers●Para.1:Monkeysseemto1numbers.

●Paras.2、3:AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonke