遼寧省丹東市2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語上學(xué)期期末考試試題含解析

PAGEPAGE25遼寧省丹東市2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語上學(xué)期期末考試試題（含解析）本試卷分三部分，卷面分?jǐn)?shù)120分，總分150分?？荚囉脮r(shí)100分鐘。第一部分：閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AForthosewho’vealwayswantedtowalkthehallsofHogwartsorexploretheshopsofDiagonAlley(對角巷)，UniversalOrlandooffersthenextbestthing.ThethemeparkopenedeveryHarryPotterfan’sdreamplacebackin2010.ForPotterheadseverywhere,however,decidingwhentomakethetriptotheWizardingWorldofHarryPotterisnoteasy.ThesetipswillhelpyouexperiencethebestoftheWizardingWorld,whetheryou’relookingtosavemoney,avoidthebusyseason,orsimplyexperiencethemostmagicaltimesoftheyear.ThecheapesttimestovisitHarryPotter’sworldThecheapest(andleastbusy)monthstovisittheWizardingWorldofHarryPotterareJanuaryandmostofFebruary,exceptthedayssurroundingtheNewYearandwinterbreak.OtherinexpensivetimesincludethebeginningofMarchandmostofSeptemberandOctober.ThebestHarryPottereventsatUniversalWhiletheymaynotbethequietesttimestoexploreHarryPotter’sworld,Universalholdsmanyeventsthroughouttheyearthatfanswon’twanttomiss.ACelebrationofHarryPotterForaweekendeveryJanuary,UniversalhostsACelebrationofHarryPotter.Guests(wearingtheirclassrobes,nodoubt)willjoinotherdiehardPotterfansforthreedaysofexhibits,discussionsandcastQ&Aactivities.Foranyonewhoreallylovesthebooksandthefilms,thismaybeoneofthebesttimesoftheyeartovisit.ChristmasintheWizardingWorldUniversal’snewadditionstotheirholidayentertainmentlineupmakeHogwartstheperfectplacetobearoundChristmastime.DecorationsaddbeautytotheshopsofDiagonAlleyandHogsmeade,theFrogChoirsingsChristmascarols(頌歌)，andsnowfallsonHogwartsasafestiveshowtakesplaceinfrontofthecastle.HalloweenintheWizardingWorldLastly(andperhapsmostsurprisingly),HalloweenseasonisalsoagoodtimeforamagicalvisittotheWizardingWorld.Universal’smainHalloweenevent,HalloweenHorrorNights,producesaspecialHarryPotter-relatedsurprise.1.WhichtimescostsmosttovisitHarryPotter’sworld?A.JanuaryandmostofFebruary.B.NewYearandwinterbreak.C.ThebeginningofMarch.D.MostofSeptemberandOctober.2.WhatwillpeopledointheeventofACelebrationofHarryPotter?A.TheywilljoinotherPotterfansforvariousactivities.B.TheywilldecoratetheshopsandsingChristmascarols.C.Theywillwatchafestiveshowtakingplaceinfrontofthecastle.D.TheywillgetaspecialHarryPotter-relatedsurprise.3.What’sthepurposeofthepassage?A.ToinformreadersofsomeeventsaboutHarryPotter.B.TointroducetheUniversalOrlandotoreaders.C.TohelpexperiencethebestofWizardingWorld.D.ToadvertisethebooksandfilmsofHarryPotter.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。主要向哈利波特的粉絲們介紹哈利波特魔法世界的主題公園，并給出游客一些游玩的建議?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段“Thecheapest(andleastbusy)monthstovisittheWizardingWorldofHarryPotterareJanuaryandmostofFebruary,exceptthedayssurroundingtheNewYearandwinterbreak.”（參觀哈利波特魔法世界最不忙/最便宜的月份是除了新年左右和寒假的一月和二月的大多數(shù)時(shí)候）可知寒假和新年左右是最忙/最貴的時(shí)候。故選B項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段“Guests(wearingtheirclassrobes,nodoubt)willjoinotherdiehardPotterfansforthreedaysofexhibits,discussionsandcastQ&Aactivities.”（游客，無疑穿著各階級的長袍，將要加入其他哈利波特的忠實(shí)粉絲，與他們一起參與看展，探討，扮演，問答等活動(dòng)）可知，游客與哈利波特粉絲一起參與給種各樣的活動(dòng)，故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段“ThesetipswillhelpyouexperiencethebestoftheWizardingWorld”（這些小建議會(huì)幫助你體驗(yàn)世界上最好的魔法世界）可知，本文的主要目的是讓游客在哈利波特主題公園有最好的體驗(yàn)。故選C項(xiàng)。BKatherineJohnsonwhoselifewasdescribedinthemovieHiddenFiguresdiedonFebruary24,2024,aged101.The2016moviedescribesarealstoryofsomefemaleAfrican-AmericanmathematicianswhojoinedtheNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA)andledamissiontoputthefirstmanonthemooninthe1950swhenracialdiscriminationwaswidespread.“NASAisdeeplysaddenedbythelossofaleaderfromourpioneeringdays,”saidNASAadministratorJimBridenstineonthewebpageofNASA.“Ms.Johnsonhelpedournationenlargethefrontiers(邊界)ofspaceandshealsoplayedanimportantroleinopeningdoorsforwomenandpeopleofcolortoexplorespace.AtNASAwewillneverforgethercourageandleadershipandtheachievementswecouldnothavereachedwithouther.”JohnsonwasborninWestVirginiain1918.ShegraduatedfromWestVirginiaStateUniversitywithamajorinmathematicsandbecameateacheratapublicschool.ShewasalsothefirstAfrican-AmericanwomantoattendgraduateschoolinmathematicsatWestVirginiaUniversityuntilsheleftschooltofocusonraisingchildren.Herlifechangedin1952afteralongcareerbreak.Arelativetoldheraboutopenpositionsattheall-blackWestAreaComputingsectionattheNationalAdvisoryCommitteeforAeronautics’sLangleylaboratory,andshebegantoworkatLangleythenextyear.NASAdependedonhumansforcomplicatedaerospace(航空)calculationastherewasnohigh-functioningelectroniccomputer.Femalemathematiciansusuallytookthejobastheirsalarywaslower.JohnsonwasoneofthoseAfrican-Americanhumancomputers.JohnsonwasinitiallyinchargeofaerospaceanalysisandassignedtoaspacedevelopmentmissionwhenNASAwaslaunchedin1958.Thensheworkedforthe1961suborbital(亞軌道的)flightofastronautAlanShepardandthe1962orbitalflightofJohnGlenn.Johnsoncontinuedtoparticipateinmissionsaftersheretiredin1986.HerhiddenachievementswerefinallypublicizedwhenformerU.S.PresidentBarackObamagrantedherthePresidentialMedalofFreedomin2015andherdramaticlifewasmadeintoamovie.4.WhatdidBridenstine’swordsinthesecondparagraphmainlywanttotellus?A.ToshowNASA’sappreciationforJohnson’sleadership.B.ToexpressallAmericans’regretoverJohnson’sdeath.C.ToshowJohnson’scontributionstospaceexploration.D.ToemphasizeNASA’sachievementsinspaceexploration.5.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Johnsonusedtoworkinaprivateschool.B.Johnsonworkedfortheaerospaceindustryforatleast33years.C.JohnsonstarredinthemovieHiddenFigures.D.JohnsonwasthefirstwomantoattendgraduateschoolintheU.S.6.WhydidNASAdependonhumansforcomplexaerospacecalculation?A.Itwascheapertohirehumans.B.Thecomputersatthattimeweren’tadvancedenough.C.Itcouldn’taffordtobuyelectroniccomputers.D.Intermsofcalculation,humansweremoreaccuratethancomputers.7.Whatistheauthor’sintentioninwritingthispassage?A.TopromoteHiddenFigures.B.Tohighlightthegreatnessofwomen.C.TohonorthegreatmathematicianKatherineJohnson.D.TotellreadersaboutJohnson’slifetimeachievements.【答案】4.C5.B6.B7.C【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講解并描述2024年2月24號(hào)美國登月的幕后功臣約翰遜夫人去世，享年101歲，并講解并描述了約翰遜夫人對美國登月的貢獻(xiàn)以及她的傳奇經(jīng)驗(yàn)?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段“Ms.Johnsonhelpedournationenlargethefrontiers(邊界)ofspaceandshealsoplayedanimportantroleinopeningdoorsforwomenandpeopleofcolortoexplorespace.AtNASAwewillneverforgethercourageandleadershipandtheachievementswecouldnothavereachedwithouther.（約翰遜夫人幫助了我們的國家擴(kuò)大了太空領(lǐng)域的邊界。她在為女性和不同膚色的人種探究太空打開了大門方面起著重要的作用。在航天局，我們恒久不會(huì)遺忘她的志氣和指導(dǎo)，還有那些沒有她我們不會(huì)取得的成就。）”可知，其次段主要講解并描述約翰遜夫人在太空探究方面做出了很大的貢獻(xiàn)。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段其次句“ShegraduatedfromWestVirginiaStateUniversitywithamajorinmathematicsandbecameateacheratapublicschool.（她畢業(yè)于西弗吉尼亞州立高校數(shù)學(xué)系，畢業(yè)后在一所公立學(xué)校教書。）”可知，她是在公立學(xué)校而不是私立學(xué)校教書，故A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；依據(jù)第四段第一句“Herlifechangedin1952afteralongcareerbreak.（在長期職業(yè)生涯中斷后，她的人生在1952年發(fā)生了改變。）”以及“shebegantoworkatLangleythenextyear.（她其次年起先在Langley工作。）”和“Johnsoncontinuedtoparticipateinmissionsaftersheretiredin1986.（約翰遜在1986年退休后接著參與任務(wù)。）”可知，她1953年起先做航天工作，1986年退休，工作了至少33年。故B選項(xiàng)正確；依據(jù)第一段第一句“KatherineJohnsonwhoselifewasdescribedinthemovieHiddenFiguresdiedonFebruary24,2024,aged101.（約翰遜夫人在2024年2月24號(hào)去世，享年101歲，HiddenFigures這部電影里描述了她的人生。）”可知，電影里講解并描述了她的人生故事，而不是她主演了這部電影，故C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；依據(jù)第三段最終一句“ShewasalsothefirstAfrican-AmericanwomantoattendgraduateschoolinmathematicsatWestVirginiaUniversityuntilsheleftschooltofocusonraisingchildren.（她是第一個(gè)西弗吉尼亞州立高校數(shù)學(xué)系的非裔美國籍探討生直到她離開學(xué)校專注于撫養(yǎng)孩子。）”可知，不是美國的第一位讀研的人，D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段“NASAdependedonhumansforcomplicatedaerospace(航空)calculationastherewasnohigh-functioningelectroniccomputer.（美國航天局依靠人來做困難的航空數(shù)學(xué)計(jì)算，因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)候沒有高性能的電子計(jì)算機(jī)。）”可知美國航天局依靠人來做困難的航空數(shù)學(xué)計(jì)算主要是因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)候的計(jì)算機(jī)還不夠先進(jìn)。故選B?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段“KatherineJohnsonwhoselifewasdescribedinthemovieHiddenFiguresdiedonFebruary24,2024,aged101.The2016moviedescribesarealstoryofsomefemaleAfrican-AmericanmathematicianswhojoinedtheNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA)andledamissiontoputthefirstmanonthemooninthe1950swhenracialdiscriminationwaswidespread.（約翰遜夫人在2024年2月24號(hào)去世，享年101歲，HiddenFigures這部電影里描述了她的人生。這部2016年的電影描述了一位非裔美國籍女?dāng)?shù)學(xué)家的真實(shí)故事，她加入了美國航天局并且在20世紀(jì)50年頭種族卑視很普遍的狀況下領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了把第一個(gè)人類送上月球的任務(wù)。）”可知約翰遜夫人去世，作者通過這篇文章緬懷她。故選C。CDespitenotbeingdocumentedbyresearcherssince1968,thesengi(象鼩),atinybig-eyedmousewithalongtailandatrunk-likenosethat’snativetoSomaliainAfrica,wasrediscoveredlivinginwell-preservedhabitatinneighboringDjiboutithisyear,andinquitehealthynumbers.Anexplorationbeginningin2024lookedtouselocalknowledgeaboutthesengifromthepeopleofDjiboutiwhosaiditwasstillthere.Sureenough,ittookonlyonetrapfilledwithcoconut,peanutbutterandyeasttofindthelittleguy."Itwassurprising,"saidStevenHeritage,aresearchscientistatDukeUniversityintheUS."Whenweopenedthefirsttrapandsawthelittletuftofhaironthetipofitstail,wejustlookedatoneanotherandcouldn’tbelieveit.Anumberofsmallmammal(哺乳動(dòng)物)surveyssincethe1970sdidnotfindtheSomalisengiinDjibouti—itwasindeedaserendipitousdiscovery."Oneoftheleastunderstoodmembersofthe20speciesElephantulus(象鼩屬),thesengilivesinhabitatsthatareunsuitableformosthumanactivities,allowingittoremainrelativelyundisturbedandsafe."Usuallywhenwerediscoverlostspecies,wefindjustoneortwoindividualsandhavetoactquicklytotrytopreventtheirextinction,"saidRobinMoore,oftheGlobalWildlifeConservation(GWC)group.Theteamset1,000trapsandcaught12ofthelittlesengiswhilemakingthefirstvideoandphotographicdocumentationoftheanimalforscience.Alongwithrediscoveringthespecies,theteamgatheredDNAsampleswhichlatershowedtheSomalisengitobemorecloselyrelatedtosengisinothercornersofAfricalikeMoroccoandSouthAfrica.ThisfindinghassuggestedthattheSomalisengineedstobeplacedinanewgenus—movingfromElephantulustoGalegeeska.Likeallgreatdiscoveriesinscience,thequestionsansweredareonlyequaltothenewmysteriespresented,buttheresearchers’workhashighlightedDjiboutiasabiodiverse(具有生物多樣性的)nationworthyofscientificstudy.Withanyluck,perhapsmorediscoveriesarewaitingtobemadeamongitsdesertandsaltlakes.8.WhatmadethefindingoftheSomalisengispecial?A.ItwasrediscoveredbySomalis.B.Itlookedsurprisinglydifferent.C.ItreappearedinAfricaafter52years.D.Ithadbecomesmartenoughtoavoidbeingtrapped.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“serendipitous”inParagraph3mean?A.Unrealistic. B.Scientific. C.Unreported. D.Accidental.10.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytellus?A.HowtheSomalisengimanagestosurvive.B.WhytheSomalisengicanlivepeacefully.C.HowhumanactivitiesaffecttheSomalisengi.D.WhatenvironmenttheSomalisengishouldlivein.11HowdidtheteamknowtherelationshipsbetweentheSomalisengiandothersengis?A.BydoingDNAtestsforthem.B.Bystudyingtheirlivinghabits.C.Bycomparingtheirappearances.D.Bystudyingdocumentsaboutthem.【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了新發(fā)覺的物種——象鼩，并對其進(jìn)行探討?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段中句子“Despitenotbeingdocumentedbyresearcherssince1968,thesengi(象鼩),atinybig-eyedmousewithalongtailandatrunk-likenosethat’snativetoSomaliainAfrica,wasrediscoveredlivinginwell-preservedhabitatinneighboringDjiboutithisyear,andinquitehealthynumbers.”（盡管探討人員自1968年以來就沒有記錄過象鼩，一種生活在非洲索馬里的小大眼睛老鼠，長著長長的尾巴和像鼻子一樣的鼻子，今年在鄰近的吉布提被重新發(fā)覺生活在保存良好的棲息地，而且數(shù)量相當(dāng)健康。）可知，象鼩今年在索馬里被重新發(fā)覺了，即過了52年后再次重現(xiàn)，這是這次發(fā)覺特殊之處。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)文章第三段第一句“Itwassurprising.”（重新發(fā)覺這一物種令人特別驚異。）和“Anumberofsmallmammal(哺乳動(dòng)物)surveyssincethe1970sdidnotfindtheSomalisengiinDjibouti（自20世紀(jì)70年頭起，大量小型哺乳動(dòng)物的探討都沒有在吉布提發(fā)覺索馬里象鼩）”可知，探討者對于重新發(fā)覺象鼩很是驚異，由此揣測發(fā)覺象鼩其實(shí)是一件很偶然的事情，即劃線詞意為“意外的”，與accidental同義。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)文章第四段句子“Oneoftheleastunderstoodmembersofthe20speciesElephantulus(象鼩屬),thesengilivesinhabitatsthatareunsuitableformosthumanactivities,allowingittoremainrelativelyundisturbedandsafe.”（象鼩作為最不了解的20種象鼩屬之一，他們生活在人類最不相宜生存的地方，這就使得它們相對來說不被打攪和相對平安。）可知，該段主要講解并描述為什么象鼩能夠和平的生存下來。故選B項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第六段其次句“...theteamgatheredDNAsampleswhichlatershowedtheSomalisengitobemorecloselyrelatedtosengisinothercornersofAfricalikeMoroccoandSouthAfrica.”（探討小組收集的DNA樣本后來表明，索馬里象鼩與非洲其他角落，如摩洛哥和南非的象鼩的親緣關(guān)系更近。）可知，探討小組是通過DNA測試展示了索馬里象鼩與非洲其他角落的象鼩是有關(guān)系的。故選A項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】DDietershavelongswornthatgrapefruithelpsthemloseweight.TheGrapefruitDiet,alsocalledtheHollywoodDiet,datesbacktothe1930sandhasahostofcelebrityfansincludingsingerKylieMinogue.Itinvolveshavinggrapefruitorgrapefruitjuicewitheverymealwhilecuttingbackoncalories.Now,scientistsarebeginningtobelievethem.Astudyhasfoundthatdrinkinggrapefruitjuicewheneatingfattyfoodlowerstheamountofweightputonbyuptoafifth.Theresearchalsosuggestedthatgrapefruitcouldbeasgoodasprescriptiondrugsatkeepingbloodsugarlevelsundercontrol—akeypartofmanagingdiabetes.Theexperimentswereconductedonmice—butresearcherssaytheresultsaretrueforhumans.ProfessorJosephNapoli,oftheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,said,“Weseeallsortsoftricksaboutnutrition.Buttheseresults,basedoncontrolledexperiments,makeitnecessarytostudythepotentialhealth-promotingpropertiesofgrapefruitjuicefurther.”Theresearchersfoundthatwhenthemicewerefedfattyfoodforthreemonths,thosegivengrapefruitjuicetodrinkgainedupto18percentlessweightthanthosegivenwater.Theyalsohadlowerbloodsugarandinsulinlevels—despiteeatingthesamenumberofcaloriesanddoingthesameamountofexerciseasthemicewhodrankwater.Infact,grapefruitjuicewasasgoodatcontrollinginsulinasthewidelyuseddiabetesdrugs,thejournalPLOSONEreports.However,thefruitjuiceonlyhadaneffectonweightwhentheanimalsatefattyfood.Theresearcherssaidtheydidnotknowhowgrapefruitstopsthepoundsfrompilingon.SpokesmanMarietteAbrahams,adietician,saiduntilthenitistooearlyforpeopletotrygrapefruitdiets.“Grapefruitshouldbepartofahealthybalanceddiet,butitshouldn’tbethefocusofthediet.”shesaid.12.WhatcanbeknownabouttheHollywoodDiet?A.It’stheoriginoftheGrapefruitDiet.B.Itwasmorepopularinthe1930sthananytime.C.Itmayappealtofatpeople.D.Scientistsmaythinkitisnonsense.13.Whatdidtheexperimentsonmiceshow?A.Theyshouldhavebeenconductedonhumans.B.Theresultsapplytohumanstoo.C.Grapefruitcouldcurediabetes.D.Miceprefergrapefruitjuicetowater.14.Inwhichcasewillgrapefruitjuicemakeadifferencetoweightloss?A.Themicewithhighbloodsugar.B.Themicedoingalotofexercise.C.Themiceonafattydiet.D.Themicetakingprescriptiondrugs.15.What’sthebesttitleofthetext?A.NutritionofGrapefruitB.ExperimentonGrapefruitC.GrapefruitMakesaHitD.GrapefruitHelpsKeepFit【答案】12.C13.B14.C15.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章通過對探討結(jié)果的介紹，說明葡萄柚具有減肥功效。【12題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第一段中“Dietershavelongswornthatgrapefruithelpsthemloseweight.TheGrapefruitDiet,alsocalledtheHollywoodDiet,datesbacktothe1930sandhasahostofcelebrityfansincludingsingerKylieMinogue.”（節(jié)食者早就發(fā)誓說葡萄柚有助于他們減肥。葡萄柚飲食法，也被稱為好萊塢飲食法，可以追溯到20世紀(jì)30年頭，擁有包括歌手KylieMinogue在內(nèi)的眾多明星粉絲。）可知，HollywoodDiet是幫助人們減肥的方法，所以可推斷它能吸引肥胖的人。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段中“Theexperimentswereconductedonmice—butresearcherssaytheresultsaretrueforhumans”（這些試驗(yàn)是在老鼠身上進(jìn)行，但探討人員說，這一結(jié)果對人類也適用。）可知，在老鼠身上做的試驗(yàn)結(jié)果也適用于人類。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第六段“Theresearchersfoundthatwhenthemicewerefedfattyfoodforthreemonths,thosegivengrapefruitjuicetodrinkgainedupto18percentlessweightthanthosegivenwater.”（探討人員發(fā)覺，給老鼠喂食高脂肪食物三個(gè)月后，給它們喝葡萄柚汁的老鼠比給它們喝水的老鼠體重減輕了18%。）可知，葡萄柚汁對減肥產(chǎn)生效果是以攝入高脂肪的老鼠為實(shí)例的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，依據(jù)第一段中“Dietershavelongswornthatgrapefruithelpsthemloseweight.”(節(jié)食者早就發(fā)誓說葡萄柚有助于他們減肥。)和其次段“Now,scientistsarebeginningtobelievethem.”（現(xiàn)在，科學(xué)家們起先信任它們了。）依據(jù)第三段“Theresearchalsosuggestedthatgrapefruitcouldbeasgoodasprescriptiondrugsatkeepingbloodsugarlevelsundercontrol—akeypartofmanagingdiabetes.”該探討還指出，在維持血糖處于正常水平方面，葡萄柚可與處方藥媲美，而這正是限制糖尿病病發(fā)的關(guān)鍵。以及后文介紹的科學(xué)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果可知，文章主題是通過介紹探討結(jié)果，說明葡萄柚具有減肥功效。選項(xiàng)D“葡萄柚有助保持健康”，符合文章主題，簡明扼要，適合做標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Recyclingreferstotheprocessofcollectingusedmaterialswhichareusuallyconsideredas‘waste’andreprocessingthem.Someofthemostcommonitemsthatarerecycledareplastic,glass,paper,batteries,etc.Recyclingisgoodforus,formanufacturers(制造商)andforourenvironment.____16____Herearesomegoodreasonswhyeveryoneshouldrecycle.Oneofthebiggestreasonsisthatrecyclingreducesthepressureonourenvironment.Byusingwasteproductsinameaningfulway,wecanslowlydecreasethesizeofourlandfills.Asthepopulationgrows,itwillbecomedifficultforthelandfillstoholdsomuchtrash.Whenthishappens,ourcitieswillfacepollution,poisoningandmanyhealthproblems.___17___Weknowthatrecyclinginvolvestheprocessingandusageofcoreelementsofoldproductsfortheproductionofnewproducts.___18___Forexample,onceanoldnewspaperisrecycled,wedonotneedtousetheresourceofanothertreetoproducenewpaperproducts.Thisway,properrecyclingcanhelpuspreserveournaturalresources.___19___Reusingoldthingscostslessthanbuyingnewones.InmoststatesinAmerica,it’sactuallymorecostlytogetridofwastethantorecycle.Somerecyclingcompaniesbuywastesfromneighborhoodsfortheirrecyclingactivities.Thisbringsyouextramoney.Everyonecanmakeadifference.Ifyouthinkthatitmakesnodifferencewhetheryourecycleornot,thinkagain!Morethanhalfofthewastethateachofuscreateseachyearcanberecycled,butalotofitendsupbeingburied.___20___Afterall,manyhandsmakelightwork.A.Recyclingisgoodforyourwallet.B.Thishelpsinsavingournaturalresources.C.Itstopshumansfromdamagingtheenvironment.DRecyclinghelpstogetridofoldthingsandwaste.E.However,noteveryoneknowshowimportantitistorecycle.F.Wheneachofustakesaction,italladdsupandmakesarealdifference.G.Recyclinghelpstokeepthepollutionundercontrolanddecreaseitlittlebylittle.【答案】16.E17.G18.B19.A20.F【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章說明白回收利用的重要性，闡述了回收利用對環(huán)境，對經(jīng)濟(jì)的好處，并號(hào)召每個(gè)人都應(yīng)當(dāng)實(shí)行行動(dòng)?！?6題詳解】上文“Recyclingisgoodforus,formanufacturers(制造商)andforourenvironment.(回收利用對我們，對制造商和我們的環(huán)境都有好處)”說明回收利用有好處，選項(xiàng)E“然而，不是每個(gè)人都知道回收利用的重要性。”承接上文，轉(zhuǎn)折語義，說明回收利用的好處（即重要性）不是每個(gè)人都知道，引出下文“Herearesomegoodreasonswhyeveryoneshouldrecycle.(以下是為什么每個(gè)人都應(yīng)當(dāng)回收利用的一些好理由)”介紹為什么每個(gè)人都應(yīng)當(dāng)回收利用。選項(xiàng)中torecycle和上文中Recycling以及下文recycle語義一樣，選項(xiàng)中important和上文good語義相關(guān)。故選E項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“Whenthishappens,ourcitieswillfacepollution,poisoningandmanyhealthproblems.(當(dāng)這種狀況發(fā)生時(shí)，我們的城市將面臨污染、中毒和很多健康問題)”說明我們的城市面臨著污染等問題，選項(xiàng)G“循環(huán)利用有助于限制污染，一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地削減污染”承接上文，說明循環(huán)利用可以幫助解決污染問題。選項(xiàng)中pollution和上文pollution語義一樣。故選G項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】后文“Forexample,onceanoldnewspaperisrecycled,wedonotneedtousetheresourceofanothertreetoproducenewpaperproducts.Thisway,properrecyclingcanhelpuspreserveournaturalresources.(例如，一份舊報(bào)紙被回收后，我們不須要運(yùn)用另一棵樹的資源來生產(chǎn)新的紙制品。通過這種方式，適當(dāng)?shù)幕厥湛梢詭椭覀儛圩o(hù)我們的自然資源)”舉例說明通過回收利用我們可以愛護(hù)我們的自然資源，選項(xiàng)B“這有助于節(jié)約我們的自然資源?！闭窍挛呐e例說明的問題。選項(xiàng)中helpsinsavingournaturalresources和下文helpuspreserveournaturalresources語義一樣。故選B項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】下文“Reusingoldthingscostslessthanbuyingnewones.InmoststatesinAmerica,it’sactuallymorecostlytogetridofwastethantorecycle.Somerecyclingcompaniesbuywastesfromneighborhoodsfortheirrecyclingactivities.Thisbringsyouextramoney.(再利用舊東西的成本比購買新東西要低。在美國的大多數(shù)州，處理垃圾事實(shí)上比回收垃圾更加昂貴。一些回收公司從社區(qū)購買廢物用于他們的回收活動(dòng)。這會(huì)給你帶來額外的收入)”可知，回收再利用能夠節(jié)約成本，會(huì)給你帶來額外的收入，選項(xiàng)A“回收利用有利于你的錢袋子?！蔽挥诙问祝c(diǎn)明本段主題，說明回收利用能省錢。選項(xiàng)中wallet和下文money等語義相關(guān)。故選A項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】段落首句“Everyonecanmakeadifference.(每個(gè)人都可以有所作為)”點(diǎn)明本段主題，上句“Morethanhalfofthewastethateachofuscreateseachyearcanberecycled,butalotofitendsupbeingburied.(我們每個(gè)人每年產(chǎn)生的廢物中，有一半以上是可以回收利用的，但其中很多最終都被掩埋了)”說明每個(gè)人產(chǎn)生的廢物中有一半是可以回收利用的，選項(xiàng)F“當(dāng)我們每個(gè)人都實(shí)行行動(dòng)的時(shí)候，全部這些加起來就會(huì)產(chǎn)生真正的效果。”符合本段主題，說明每個(gè)人都行動(dòng)起來，就會(huì)有真正的效果。選項(xiàng)中eachofus和段落首句中Everyone以及上句中eachofus語義一樣。故選F項(xiàng)。其次部分：語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Doyouhavecontinuousfeelingsofhopelessnessoremptiness?___21___ofinterestorpleasureinnormalactivities?Insomnia(失眠)oroversleeping?Ifyouorpeoplearoundyouareexperiencingthesechallenges,don’t___22___toseekhelpastheseare___23___symptomsofdepression.WangYang,afreelancer(自由職業(yè)者),has___24___herlittlecousinundergotheseemotionalandbehavioralchanges.Hercousin,only13,waslaterdiagnosedwithdepression.Beforethat,hercousinwasveryoutgoingand___25___aboutsports.Thefamilywonderswhatcouldhave___26___suchadramaticchange.Therearemanyreasonsthatateenagermightbecomedepressed,suchaspoorschool___27___,intensecompetitionwithpeersor___28___familylife.InZhouYongsheng’sview,apsychologicaltherapist(治療專家),parents’overcontrolandexcessivecriticismovertheirchildrencouldcauseaheavymentaldamageandleadtolowself-esteem(自尊)andalackof___29___.Inthelongterm,thismaysetoffabiggerproblem:depression.Healsopointsoutthatacademicstressisanotherworseningfactor,_____30_____forSenior3studentswhoarebusypreparingforthegaokao.Toimprovethepreventionand_____31_____ofdepression,theNationalHealthCommission_____32_____aplanonSept11.Itaskshighschoolsandcollegestoincludescreening(篩查)fordepressionintheirstudents’physicalcheckupsandevaluatetheirpsychologicalhealth._____33_____thegovernment’sefforts,familiesandteenagersneedtobeactive.Ifparentsareconcernedabouttheirchild’sdepression,Zhou_____34_____seeingadoctorortherapistandpossiblytakingmedication.Fortunately,thingsgot_____35_____forWang’scousinafterhewasconvincedtoreceivemedicaltreatment.“Hetalkswithusandsleepswellnow,”shesaid.“Ihopehewillgetridofdepressiononeday.”21.A.Discovery B.Combination C.Loss D.Complaint22.A.remember B.hesitate C.fail D.intend23.A.official B.ordinary C.typical D.sensitive24.A.witnessed B.created C.solved D.understood25A.anxious B.careful C.nervous D.enthusiastic26.A.ledto B.addedto C.turnedto D.adjustedto27.A.experiment B.performance C.composition D.progress28.A.positive B.healthy C.negative D.wealthy29.A.resource B.disappointment C.happiness D.confidence30.A.extremely B.especially C.merely D.nearly31.A.treatment B.development C.operation D.pain32.A.published B.ordered C.announced D.cancelled33.A.Regardlessof B.Asfaras C.Onbehalfof D.Asidefrom34.A.continues B.recommends C.permits D.learns35.A.worse B.harder C.easier D.better【答案】21.C22.B23.C24.A25.D26.A27.B28.C29.D30.B31.A32.C33.D34.B35.D【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了青少年抑郁的緣由及所實(shí)行的措施。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：失去對正常活動(dòng)愛好或樂趣？A.Discovery發(fā)覺；B.Combination結(jié)合；C.Loss損失；D.Complaint埋怨。依據(jù)“Doyouhavecontinuousfeelingsofhopelessnessoremptiness?”可知，抑郁癥的表現(xiàn)之一是失去對正常活動(dòng)的愛好或樂趣。故選C。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：假如你或你四周的人正在經(jīng)驗(yàn)這些挑戰(zhàn)，不要遲疑尋求幫助，因?yàn)檫@是抑郁癥的典型癥狀。A.remember記得；B.hesitate遲疑；C.fail失??；D.intend準(zhǔn)備。依據(jù)“Ifyouorpeoplearoundyouareexperiencingthesechallenges,”可知，假如有人有以上的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，不要遲疑去尋求幫助。hesitatetodosth.“遲疑做某事”。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：假如你或你四周的人正在經(jīng)驗(yàn)這些挑戰(zhàn)，不要遲疑尋求幫助，因?yàn)檫@是抑郁癥的典型癥狀。A.official正式的；B.ordinary一般的；C.typical典型的；D.sensitive靈敏的。依據(jù)“Doyouhavecontinuousfeelingsofhopelessnessoremptiness?___1___ofinterestorpleasureinnormalactivities?Insomnia(失眠)oroversleeping?”可知，這些是抑郁癥的典型癥狀。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：自由職業(yè)者王洋目睹了她的小表弟經(jīng)驗(yàn)的這些心情和行為上的改變。A.witnessed目睹；B.created創(chuàng)建；C.solved解決；D.understood理解。依據(jù)“herlittlecousinundergotheseemotionalandbehavioralchanges.”可知，王洋目睹了她的小表弟從正常到抑郁的改變。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在那之前，她的表弟特別外向，對運(yùn)動(dòng)很有熱忱。A.anxious著急的；B.careful細(xì)致的；C.nervous驚慌的；D.enthusiastic熱心的。依據(jù)“hercousinwasveryoutgoing

”可知，她的表弟外向且對運(yùn)動(dòng)很有熱忱。beenthusiasticabout“對……熱心”。故選D。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：這家人想知道是什么導(dǎo)致了如此戲劇性的改變。A.ledto導(dǎo)致；B.addedto增加；C.turnedto求助；D.adjustedto適應(yīng)。依據(jù)“Hercousin,only13,waslaterdiagnosedwithdepression.Beforethat,hercousinwasveryoutgoingand___5___aboutsports.”可知，家人想知道孩子導(dǎo)致抑郁的緣由。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：青少年抑郁的緣由有很多，比如學(xué)習(xí)成果不好，與同齡人的激烈競爭或負(fù)面的家庭生活。A.experiment試驗(yàn)；B.performance表現(xiàn)；成果；C.composition成分；D.progress進(jìn)步。依據(jù)“intensecompetitionwithpeers”可知，學(xué)習(xí)成果不好是青少年抑郁的緣由之一。故選B。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：青少年抑郁的緣由有很多，比如學(xué)習(xí)成果不好，與同齡人的激烈競爭或負(fù)面的家庭生活。A.positive主動(dòng)的；B.healthy健康的；C.negative消極的；負(fù)面的；D.wealthy富有的。依據(jù)“Therearemanyreasonsthatateenagermightbecomedepressed,”可知，負(fù)面的家庭生活也青少年抑郁的緣由之一。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在心理治療師周永生看來，父母對孩子的過度限制和過度指責(zé)可能會(huì)造成嚴(yán)峻的精神損害，導(dǎo)致孩子缺乏自尊和自信。A.resource資源；B.disappointment悲觀；C.happiness華蜜；D.confidence信念。依據(jù)“

parents’overcontrolandexcessivecriticismovertheirchildrencouldcauseaheavymentaldamage”可知，父母對孩子的過度限制和指責(zé)，導(dǎo)致了孩子缺乏自尊和自信。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他還指出，學(xué)業(yè)壓力是另一個(gè)惡化因素，尤其是對于那些忙于準(zhǔn)備高考的高三學(xué)生來說。A.extremely及其地；B.especially尤其；C.merely僅僅；D.nearly幾乎。依據(jù)“Healsopointsoutthatacademicstressisanotherworseningfactor,”可知，學(xué)習(xí)壓力尤其對準(zhǔn)備高考的高三學(xué)生來說更大。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了更好地預(yù)防和治療抑郁癥，國家衛(wèi)健委于9月11日公布了一項(xiàng)支配。A.treatment治療；B.development發(fā)展；C.operation操作；D.pain難受。依據(jù)“Itaskshighschoolsandcollegestoincludescreening(篩查)fordepressionintheirstudents’physicalcheckupsandevaluatetheirpsychologicalhealth.”可知，國家衛(wèi)健委的目的是為了更好地預(yù)防和治療抑郁癥。故選A。【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為了更好地預(yù)防和治療抑郁癥，國家衛(wèi)健委于9月11日公布了一項(xiàng)支配。A.published出版；B.ordered訂購；C.announced宣布；D.cancelled取消。依據(jù)“Itaskshighschoolsandcollegestoincludescreening(篩查)fordepressionintheirstudents’physicalcheckupsandevaluate