綜合商務(wù)英語(yǔ)（第3冊(cè)）（第二版）課件 U6 Business Innovation

綜合商務(wù)英語(yǔ)（第3冊(cè)）Unit6

（第二版）BusinessInnovation目錄CONTENTS1Lead-inThreeQuestions2TextA

TheGlobalInnovationIndex20223ExercisesReferenceKeys4TextB5DisruptingBeliefs:ANewApproachtoBusiness-ModelInnovationCaseStudyLead-in第六單元1Lead-inThreequestions1.Pleasethinkabouttheimportanceofinnovation.2.Whichcountrydoyouthinkisthemostinnovativecountryintheworld?3.Howdoyouunderstandglobalinnovation?Open-mindedTextATheGlobalInnovationIndex2022第六單元2QuestionsonTextAWhatistheroleoftheGlobalInnovationIndex?(2)Discusswithyourpartnerorgroupmemberthenotablechangesintheglobalinnovationlandscape.(3)DiscusswithyourpartnerorgroupmembertheGIIoftheUnitedStatesandSingapore.(4)Discusswithyourpartnerorgroupmembertheglobalinnovationchangesinmiddle-incomeeconomies.(5)WhatarethecharacteristicsofinnovationperformanceinIndiaandVietnam?QuestionsonTextAWhatistheroleoftheGlobalInnovationIndex?

--TheGlobalInnovationIndex(GII)isanannualrankingofcountriesbytheircapacityandsuccessininnovation,publishedbytheWorldIntellectualPropertyOrganization,inpartnershipwithCornellUniversityandEuropeanInstituteofBusinessAdministration.Itwasstartedin2007andhasbeenaleadingreferenceformeasuringaneconomy’sinnovationperformance.QuestionsonTextA(2)Discusswithyourpartnerorgroupmembersthenotablechangesintheglobalinnovationlandscape.--Themostnotableofthesechangesare:1)asignificantshiftwithinthisyear’stop15innovators,withtheUnitedStates,Singapore,GermanyandChinamovinguptheranking,thelatterovertakingFrance,andwithCanadamovingbackintothetop15thankstoimprovedinnovationefficiency;2)thecontinuedstrongprogressionofemerginginnovationpowerhousesTürkiyeandIndia,whilethatofVietnamandthePhilippineshashaltedmomentarily;3)theearlysignsofinnovationpotentialcomingfromIndonesia,UzbekistanandPakistan,whichalloverperformedoninnovationperformancerelativetodevelopmentforthefirsttimein2022.QuestionsonTextA(3)DiscusswithyourpartnerorgroupmemberstheGIIoftheUnitedStatesandSingapore.--TheUnitedStatesstillleadsintermsofthenumberofGIIinnovationindicatorsforwhichitrankstopglobally,ranking1stintheworldwith15outofthe81indicatorsused,twomorethanin2021.ItisnumberoneintheworldinindicatorssuchasglobalcorporateR&Dinvestors,venturecapitalinvestors,thequalityofitsuniversities,thequalityandimpactofitsscientificpublications,thenumberofpatentsbyorigin,computersoftwarespending,andthevalueofcorporateintangibleassetintensity.SingaporefollowstheUnitedStatesgloballyandisnumberoneintheworldon11indicatorsintotal,oneupfrom2021,includingleadingintheindicatorsofgovernmenteffectiveness,informationandcommunicationstechnology(ICT)access,venturecapitalinvestors,andhigh-techmanufacturing.QuestionsonTextA(4)Discusswithyourpartnerorgroupmemberstheglobalinnovationchangesinmiddle-incomeeconomies.--Middle-incomeeconomies,China,TürkiyeandIndiacontinuetochangetheinnovationlandscape;othersliketheIslamicRepublicofIranandIndonesiashowpromisingpotential.Apartfromgroupleaders,China,BulgariaandMalaysia,Türkiye(37th)andIndia(40th)arethetwoothermiddle-incomeeconomiestomakeitintothetop40.Thailand(43rd),Mauritius(45th),theRussianFederation(47th),Vietnam(48th)andRomania(49th)makeintothetop50,butwithonlyMauritiusmovinguptherankingthisyear.Amongthemiddle-incomegroup,theIslamicRepublicofIran(53rd)andIndonesia(75th)havenotablyimprovedtheirranking,notonlythisyearbutalsooverthepastdecade,andjoinTürkiye,VietnamandthePhilippines(59th)inhavinganincreasinglyimportantpotentialfortransformingtheglobalinnovationlandscape.QuestionsonTextA(5)WhatarethecharacteristicsofinnovationperformanceinIndiaandVietnam?--India’sinnovationperformanceisaboveaveragefortheuppermiddle-incomegroupinalmosteveryinnovationpillar,withtheexceptionofinfrastructure,whereitscoresbelowaverage.Vietnamcontinuestoscoreabovethelowermiddle-incomegroupaverageinallpillars,andevenscoresaboveaveragefortheuppermiddle-incomegroupineverypillar,apartfromhumancapitalandresearch.U6:TextATheGlobalInnovationIndex20221TheGlobalInnovationIndex(GII)isanannualrankingofcountriesbytheircapacityandsuccessininnovation,publishedbytheWorldIntellectualPropertyOrganization(WIPO),inpartnershipwithCornellUniversityandEuropeanInstituteofBusinessAdministration.Itwasstartedin2007andhasbeenaleadingreferenceformeasuringaneconomy’sinnovationperformance.2TheaimoftheGIIistoprovideinsightfuldataoninnovation,totrackmajorinnovationdevelopmentsatthecountryandregionalleveland,inturn,toassistpolicymakersinevaluatingtheirinnovationperformanceandmakinginformedinnovationpolicydecisions.TheGIIisnotintendedtobeconsideredasrepresentingtheultimateanddefinitiverankingofeconomieswithrespecttoinnovation.Onthecontrary,theGIIbestrepresentsanongoingendeavortofindmetricsandapproachesthatcapturetherichnessofinnovationmosteffectively,withcontinuousrefinementsreflectinganimprovedavailabilityofstatisticsandtheoreticaladvancesinthefield,andpavingthewayfortheadoptionofbetterandmoreinformedinnovationpoliciesworldwide.3Formanyyears,governmentsaroundtheworldhaveusedtheGIItoimprovetheirinnovationperformanceandshapeevidence-basedinnovationpolicies.EveryyearsincetheGIIfirstlaunched,numerousGIIworkshopshavetakenplaceincollaborationwithanumberofdifferenteconomiesaroundtheworld—ofteninthepresenceofkeyministers,ministriesandinnovationactors.4AsurveycarriedoutbytheWorldIntellectualPropertyOrganizationinearly2022showsthat70percentofWIPOmemberstatesusetheGlobalInnovationIndex(GII).Outofthe110responsesreceived(oneresponsepercountry),68countrieshadusedtheGIIduringtheperiod2020–2021toimprovetheirinnovationecosystemsandpolicymaking,while37wentsofarastousetheGIIasaspecificreferenceineconomicplansorpolicies.5SeveralkeyinsightsemergefromtheGIIreportin2022.Theglobalinnovationlandscapeischanging—bothwithinthetop25leadinginnovationeconomies,aswellasmoregenerallywithintheoverallrankingsandtheleaguetablesbyincomegrouporregion.Themostnotableofthesechangesare:5(1)Asignificantshiftwithinthisyear’stop15innovators,withtheUnitedStates,Singapore,GermanyandChinamovinguptheranking,thelatterovertakingFrance,andwithCanadamovingbackintothetop15thankstoimprovedinnovationefficiency;(2)ThecontinuedstrongprogressionofemerginginnovationpowerhousesTürkiyeandIndia,whilethatofVietnamandthePhilippineshashaltedmomentarily;(3)TheearlysignsofinnovationpotentialcomingfromIndonesia,UzbekistanandPakistan,whichalloverperformedoninnovationperformancerelativetodevelopmentforthefirsttimein2022.6TheUnitedStatesstillleadsintermsofthenumberofGIIinnovationindicatorsforwhichitrankstopglobally,ranking1stintheworldwith15outofthe81indicatorsused,twomorethanin2021.ItisnumberoneintheworldinindicatorssuchasglobalcorporateR&Dinvestors,venturecapitalinvestors,thequalityofitsuniversities,thequalityandimpactofitsscientificpublications,thenumberofpatentsbyorigin,computersoftwarespending,andthevalueofcorporateintangibleassetintensity.7SingaporefollowstheUnitedStatesgloballyandisnumberoneintheworldon11indicatorsintotal,oneupfrom2021,includingleadingintheindicatorsofgovernmenteffectiveness,informationandcommunicationstechnology(ICT)access,venturecapitalinvestors,andhigh-techmanufacturing.ChinaandIsraeltiejointlyin3rdplace,attainingtoprankingintrademarks,high-techimportsandR&Dexpenditure,respectively.TheyarefollowedbyMaltain6thplace,leadinginjointventureandstrategicalliancedeals.TheRepublicofKoreaisin7thplace,leadinginthenumberofresearchers.8Chinacontinuesitsascenttowardthetop10,reaching11thpositionin2022.Chinaremainstheonlymiddle-incomeeconomywithinthetop30,keepingits3rdplacewithintheSoutheastAsia,EastAsia,andOceania(SEAO)regionandstayingin1stplaceintheuppermiddle-incomegroup.Canada(15th)returnstothetop15forthefirsttimesince2016,havingdroppedoutofthetop10in2012.9Middle-incomeeconomies,China,TürkiyeandIndia,continuetochangetheinnovationlandscape;othersliketheIslamicRepublicofIranandIndonesiashowpromisingpotential.Apartfromgroupleaders,China,BulgariaandMalaysia,Türkiye(37th)andIndia(40th)arethetwoothermiddle-incomeeconomiestomakeitintothetop40.Thailand(43rd),Mauritius(45th),theRussianFederation(47th),Vietnam(48th)andRomania(49th)makeintothetop50,butwithonlyMauritiusmovinguptherankingthisyear.Amongthemiddle-incomegroup,theIslamicRepublicofIran(53rd)andIndonesia(75th)havenotablyimprovedtheirranking,notonlythisyearbutalsooverthepastdecade,andjoinTürkiye,VietnamandthePhilippines(59th)inhavinganincreasinglyimportantpotentialfortransformingtheglobalinnovationlandscape.10India,Kenya,theRepublicofMoldovaandVietnamcontinueasrecordholdersbybeingInnovationAchieversfora12thconsecutiveyear.India’sinnovationperformanceisaboveaveragefortheuppermiddle-incomegroupinalmosteveryinnovationpillar,withtheexceptionofinfrastructure,whereitscoresbelowtheaverage.Kenya(88th)scoresaboveitsincomegroupininstitutions,businesssophistication,knowledgeandtechnologyoutputs,andcreativeoutputs.Vietnamcontinuestoscoreabovethelowermiddle-incomegroupaverageinallpillars,andevenscoresaboveaveragefortheuppermiddle-incomegroupineverypillar,apartfromhumancapitalandresearch.11However,thereisalsochangethisyear.Indonesia(75th),Uzbekistan(82nd)andPakistan(87th)areInnovationAchieversin2022fortheveryfirsttime.Forthesethreeeconomies,thisachievementcoincideswithanimportantshiftintheirrankingsbetweenfourandtwelvepositions.Inaddition,Jamaica(76th),Jordan(78th),Zimbabwe(107th),Mozambique(123rd)andBurundi(130th)allmakeitbackintotheselectgroupofinnovationachieversfor2022.partnership/'pɑ?tn???p/n.thestateofbeingapartnerinbusiness合作關(guān)系(CET-4)e.g.他與一位美國(guó)專家合作開(kāi)發(fā)了自己的程序?！狧edevelopedhisownprograminpartnershipwithanAmericanexpert.endeavor/?n'dev?(r)/n.anattempttodosth.,especiallysth.newordifficult努力(TEM-4;CET-6)

e.g.經(jīng)理應(yīng)該盡他/她最大的努力來(lái)推動(dòng)藝術(shù)家的事業(yè)?！猅hemanagerisexpectedtousehisorherbestendeavorstopromotetheartist’scareer.refinement/r?'fa?nm?nt/n.asmallchangetosth.thatimprovesit改進(jìn)(TEM-8;CET-6)e.g.這個(gè)特殊的模型有待進(jìn)一步改進(jìn)。—Thisparticularmodelhasafurtherrefinement.theoretical/?θ??'ret?kl/adj.connectedwiththeideasandprinciplesonwhichaparticularsubjectisbased,ratherthanwithpracticeandexperiment理論上的(TEM-4;CET-6)e.g.第一學(xué)年為學(xué)生以后的學(xué)習(xí)打下了堅(jiān)實(shí)的理論基礎(chǔ)?！猅hefirstyearprovidesstudentswithasoundtheoreticalbasisforlaterstudy.launch/l??nt?/v.tostartanactivity,especiallyanorganizedone開(kāi)始進(jìn)行(TEM-4;CET-6)e.g.政府最近發(fā)起了一項(xiàng)全國(guó)道路安全運(yùn)動(dòng)?！猅hegovernmentrecentlylaunchedanationalroadsafetycampaign.ecosystem/'i?k??s?st?m/n.alltheplantsandlivingcreaturesinaparticularareaconsideredinrelationtotheirphysicalenvironment生態(tài)系統(tǒng)(TEM-4;CET-6)e.g.森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)由植物、動(dòng)物和微生物組成，它們與環(huán)境中的其它非生物成分共同生活?！狥orestecosystemconsistsofplants,animalsandmicrobeswhichlivetogetheralongwithotherabioticcomponentsoftheenvironment.notable/'n??t?bl/adj.deservingtobenoticedortoreceiveattention顯著的(TEM-4;CET-6)e.g.眼睛是他最顯著的特征?！狧iseyesarehismostnotablefeature.progression/pr?'ɡre?(?)n/n.theprocessofdevelopinggraduallyfromonestageorstatetoanother（進(jìn)入另一階段的）發(fā)展(CET-6)e.g.這是從童年到青春期的自然過(guò)程?！狪t’sanaturalprogressionfromchildhoodtoadolescence.momentarily/'m??m?ntr?li/adv.foraveryshorttime片刻地；短暫地(TEM-8;CET-6)e.g.我們暫停一下，對(duì)這篇文章做一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的總結(jié)?！猈epausemomentarilytogiveaquicksummaryofthepassage.intangible/?n't?nd??bl/adj.thatdoesnotexistasaphysicalthingbutisstillvaluabletoacompany無(wú)形的(TEM-8;CET-6)e.g.品牌和聲譽(yù)是公司的無(wú)形資產(chǎn)?！狟randandreputationareintangibleassetsforacompany.venture/'vent??(r)/n.abusinessprojectoractivity,especiallyonethatinvolvestakingrisks（有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的）企業(yè)項(xiàng)目(TEM-4;CET-6)e.g.一次災(zāi)難性的商業(yè)冒險(xiǎn)使他損失了數(shù)千美元?！狝disastrousbusinessventurelosthimthousandsofdollars.alliance/?'la??ns/n.anagreementbetweencountries,politicalparties,etc.toworktogetherinordertoachievesth.thattheyallwant（國(guó)家、政黨等的）結(jié)盟(TEM-4;CET-6)e.g.社會(huì)民主黨現(xiàn)在與綠黨結(jié)盟?！猅heSocialDemocratsarenowinalliancewiththeGreens.consecutive/k?n'sekj?t?v/adj.followingoneafteranotherinacontinuousseries連續(xù)不斷的(TEM-4;CET-6)e.g.他將開(kāi)始他的第四次連續(xù)任期。—Heisbeginninghisfourthconsecutivetermofoffice.pillar/'p?l?(r)/n.abasicpartorfeatureofasystem,organization,belief,etc.支柱(TEM-4;CET-6)e.g.教育和投資是經(jīng)濟(jì)成功的兩大支柱?！狤ducationandinvestmentarethetwinpillarsonwhichasuccessfuleconomyisbuilt.coincide/?k???n'sa?d/v.(oftwoormoreevents)totakeplaceatthesametime同時(shí)發(fā)生(TEM-8;CET-6)e.g.罷工與黨召開(kāi)大會(huì)同時(shí)發(fā)生。—Thestrikewastimedtocoincidewiththepartyconference.StructureofTextAGlobalInnovationIndex(GII)1.Definition--anannualrankingofcountriesbytheircapacityandsuccessininnovation.2.Purpose--toprovideinsightfuldataoninnovation3.Application–governmentsaroundtheworldhaveusedtheGIItoimprovetheirinnovationperformanceandshapeevidence-basedinnovationpolicies.1.Top15innovatorshaveshiftedsignificantly2.Thecontinuedstrongprogressionofemerginginnovationpowerhouses3.creativity,innovation,anddifferentviewpointsareexpectedandencouraged.ChangesofGlobalInnovationInnovationIndexinDifferentNationsUnitedStatesSingaporeChinaTürkiyeIndiaMiddle-incomeeconomiesExercises第六單元32.Paraphrase:Replacetheexpressionsofthebold.(1)TheaimoftheGIIistoprovideinsightfuldataoninnovation,totrackmajorinnovationdevelopmentsatthecountryandregionalleveland,inturn,toassistpolicymakersinevaluatingtheirinnovationperformanceandmakinginformedinnovationpolicydecisions.insightful:perceptiveTheGII’smissionistoprovideperceptivedataoninnovation,totrackkeyinnovationdevelopmentsatthenationalandregionallevels,andtohelppolicymakersevaluatetheirinnovationperformanceandmakeeducatedinnovationpolicydecisions.2.Paraphrase:Replacetheexpressionsofthebold.(2)TheGIIisnotintendedtobeconsideredasrepresentingtheultimateanddefinitiverankingofeconomieswithrespecttoinnovation.benotintendedto:benotmeanttoTheGlobalInnovationIndex(GII)isnotmeanttoberegardedasthefinalandconclusiverankingofeconomiesintermsofinnovation.2.Paraphrase:Replacetheexpressionsofthebold.(3)EveryyearsincetheGIIfirstlaunched,numerousGIIworkshopshavetakenplaceincollaborationwithanumberofdifferenteconomiesaroundtheworld—ofteninthepresenceofkeyministers,ministriesandinnovationactors.incollaborationwith:inconjunctionwithSincetheGII’sinception,multipleGIIworkshopshavebeenheldinconjunctionwithavarietyofdifferenteconomiesaroundtheworld,frequentlyinthepresenceofmajorministers,ministries,andinnovationactors.2.Paraphrase:Replacetheexpressionsofthebold.(4)TheUnitedStatesstillleadsintermsofthenumberofGIIinnovationindicatorsforwhichitrankstopglobally,ranking1stintheworldwith15outofthe81indicatorsused,twomorethanin2021.intermsof:inaccordancewithInaccordancewiththenumberofGIIinnovationindicatorsforwhichitisrankedfirstinternationally,theUnitedStatescontinuestoleadwith15outofthe81indicatorsused,twomorethanin2021.2.Paraphrase:Replacetheexpressionsofthebold.(5)Forthesethreeeconomies,thisachievementcoincideswithanimportantshiftintheirrankingsbetweenfourandtwelvepositions.coincidewith:comewithThisaccomplishmentforthesethreeeconomiescomeswithasignificantchangeintheirrankingsbetweenpositionsfourandtwelve.3.

Vocabulary:

CompletethefollowingsentencesaboutGlobalInnovationwiththewordsinthebox,andchangetheformifnecessary.YoucantalkaboutGlobalInnovationonthebasisofthewordsinthebox.a.expectb.affectc.productivity d.improvee.befoundtof.significantg.publich.progressThequestionofhowinnovationwill

ourwell-beingoverthecomingdecadeshasattractedtheattentionofscholars,policymakersandindustryleaders.b(2)CambridgeintheUnitedKingdomandEindhoveninNetherlands/Belgium

bethemostS&T-intensiveclusters,followedbyDaejeon(RepublicofKorea),SanJose-SanFrancisco(theUnitedStates)andOxford(theUnitedKingdom).(3)Innovationhashelpedustoimprove

—thatis,howefficientlyweproducethings.cea.expectb.affectc.productivity d.improvee.befoundtof.significantg.publich.progress(4)Overrecentdecadestherehasbeenanunprecedentedinvestmentininnovation,bothbythe

andtheprivatesectors.(5)Onewouldhave

thisinvestmenttohavebornefruitintermsofhigherlivingstandardsandimprovedwell-being.aga.expectb.affectc.productivity d.improvee.befoundtof.significantg.publich.progress(6)Rapidadvancesinbiomedicine,energyandinformationandcommunicationtechnologyhavethepotentialto

transformeveryaspectoftheeconomy,leadingsomeexpertstopredictthattheworldmight,afterall,beonthecuspofanewinnovation-drivenareaofhighproductivitygrowth.fa.expectb.affectc.productivity d.improvee.befoundtof.significantg.publich.progress(7)Formanyyears,governmentsaroundtheworldhaveusedtheGIIto

theirinnovationperformanceandshapeevidence-basedinnovationpolicies.(8)Technologyadoptionis

,withpositivegrowthratesacrosstechnologiesmeasuredbytheGlobalInnovationTracker,andinparticularforelectricvehicles.da.expectb.affectc.productivity d.improvee.befoundtof.significantg.publich.progressh4.Cloze:Decidewhichofthechoicesgivenbelowwouldbestcompletethepassageifinsertedinthecorrespondingblanks.[A]upper

[B]performs[C]detriment[D]outputs[E]lower[F]struggleto[G]efficient

[H]comparable

[I]translate[J]include[K]comeback

[L]productive[M]considerably

[N]high-income[O]notablySomeeconomiesarevery(1)

atconvertinginnovationinputsinto(2).Amongthehigh-incomegroupeconomies,Switzerland(1st)produces(3)

higherlevelsofoutputsthanotherhigh-incomeeconomies,suchastheUnitedStates(2nd),Sweden(3rd)andSingapore(7th),atcomparablelevelsofinnovationinputs.Germany(8th)producesthesamelevelsofoutputsastheUnitedStatesandtheNetherlands(5th),at(4)

levelsofinnovationinputs.GDME[A]upper

[B]performs[C]detriment[D]outputs[E]lower[F]struggleto[G]efficient

[H]comparable

[I]translate[J]include[K]comeback

[L]productive[M]considerably

[N]high-income[O]notablyAmong(5)

middle-incomegroupeconomies,China(11th)ranks8thoverallintheInnovationOutputSub-Index,anditslevelsofoutputsare(6)

tothoseofhigh-incomeeconomiesliketheNetherlandsandGermany,butatlowerlevelsofinnovationinputs.Türkiye(37th)hasoutputscomparableto(7)

economies,suchasAustralia(25th),butwithfewerinputs.AHN[A]upper

[B]performs[C]detriment[D]outputs[E]lower[F]struggleto[G]efficient

[H]comparable

[I]translate[J]include[K]comeback

[L]productive[M]considerably

[N]high-income[O]notablyTheIslamicRepublicofIran(53rd),amonglowermiddle-incomegroupeconomies,(8)

oninnovationoutputsatlevelscomparabletohigh-incomeEuropeaneconomieslikeLatvia(41st)andCroatia(42nd).Inaddition,thePhilippines(59th)doeslikewise,relativetoLithuania(39th)andGreece(44th),withalowerlevelofinnovationinputs.B[A]upper

[B]performs[C]detriment[D]outputs[E]lower[F]struggleto[G]efficient

[H]comparable

[I]translate[J]include[K]comeback

[L]productive[M]considerably

[N]high-income[O]notablyHowever,severalhigh-incomeeconomies(9)

obtainabetterbalancebetweenlevelofinvestmentandresults,oftentothe(10)

oftheiroverallinnovationperformance.Thisgroupofeconomiesincludes,(11)

,oilandnaturalgasproducersandexporterslikeCanada(15th),Norway(22nd),theUnitedArabEmirates(31st),SaudiArabia(51st),Bahrain(72nd)andBruneiDarussalam(92nd).Othereconomiesstrugglingto(12)

inputsintooutputs(13)

Singapore(7th),Australia(25th),Uzbekistan(82nd)andRwanda(105th).FCOIJ[A]upper

[B]performs[C]detriment[D]outputs[E]lower[F]struggleto[G]efficient

[H]comparable

[I]translate[J]include[K]comeback

[L]productive[M]considerably

[N]high-income[O]notablyAmongthetop25(innovationleaders),Canadahasmanagedtotiltthebalanceinitsfavorthisyearbybecomingmore(14)

inconvertinginnovationinputsintooutputs,makinga(15)

intotheGIItop15.LK5.

E-CTranslation:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.(1)TheaimoftheGIIistoprovideinsightfuldataoninnovation,totrackmajorinnovationdevelopmentsatthecountryandregionalleveland,inturn,toassistpolicymakersinevaluatingtheirinnovationperformanceandmakinginformedinnovationpolicydecisions.全球創(chuàng)新指數(shù)旨在提供富有洞察力的創(chuàng)新數(shù)據(jù)，緊跟國(guó)家和區(qū)域?qū)用娴闹卮髣?chuàng)新發(fā)展，進(jìn)而幫助決策者評(píng)估其創(chuàng)新績(jī)效，并做出明智的創(chuàng)新政策的決策。5.

E-CTranslation:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.(2)EveryyearsincetheGIIfirstlaunched,numerousGIIworkshopshavetakenplaceincollaborationwithanumberofdifferenteconomiesaroundtheworld—ofteninthepresenceofkeyministers,ministriesandinnovationactors.自全球創(chuàng)新指數(shù)首次發(fā)布以來(lái)，每年許多世界各地的不同經(jīng)濟(jì)體都合作舉辦了大量的全球創(chuàng)新指數(shù)工作坊，經(jīng)常出席的包括關(guān)鍵部門部長(zhǎng)、部委和創(chuàng)新個(gè)體。5.

E-CTranslation:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.(3)TheUnitedStatesstillleadsintermsofthenumberofGIIinnovationindicatorsforwhichitrankstopglobally,ranking1stintheworldwith15outofthe81indicatorsused,twomorethanin2021.美國(guó)在全球創(chuàng)新指數(shù)指標(biāo)的數(shù)量上仍然領(lǐng)先，在81項(xiàng)指標(biāo)中有15項(xiàng)排名世界第一，比2021年增加了兩項(xiàng)。5.

E-CTranslation:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.(4)Chinaremainstheonlymiddle-incomeeconomywithinthetop30,keepingits3rdplacewithintheSoutheastAsia,EastAsia,andOceania(SEAO)regionandstayingin1stplaceintheuppermiddle-incomegroup.中國(guó)仍然是前30名中唯一的中等收入經(jīng)濟(jì)體，在東南亞、東亞和大洋洲地區(qū)保持第三位，在中等偏上收入組別中保持第一位。5.

E-CTranslation:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.(5)Inaddition,Jamaica(76th),Jordan(78th),Zimbabwe(107th),Mozambique(123rd)andBurundi(130th)allmakeitbackintotheselectgroupofinnovationachieversfor2022.此外，牙買加（第76位）、約旦（第78位）、津巴布韋（第107位）、莫桑比克（第123位）和布隆迪（130位）都重新進(jìn)入了2022年創(chuàng)新成就評(píng)選組。6.

C-ETranslation:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishbasedonthecuewordsinbrackets.(1)他的成功與其說(shuō)是來(lái)自機(jī)遇，不如說(shuō)是來(lái)自努力。(ratherthan)Hissuccesscamefromendeavorratherthanopportunity.(2)這在理論上肯定有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，但在實(shí)踐中卻很少出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題。(inpractice)Thisiscertainlyatheoreticalriskbutinpracticethereisseldomaproblem.6.

C-ETranslation:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishbasedonthecuewordsinbrackets.(5)消費(fèi)已成為工業(yè)地區(qū)生活的一個(gè)核心支柱，甚至已深植于社會(huì)價(jià)值觀中。(embed)Consumptionhasbecomeacentralpillaroflifeinindustriallandsandisevenembeddedinsocialvalues.(4)她連續(xù)缺席了八天。(beabsentfor)Shewasabsentforeightconsecutivedays.(3)我們不能以犧牲環(huán)境為代價(jià)來(lái)維持經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。(attheexpenseof)Wecouldn’tsustaineconomicgrowthattheexpenseoftheenvironment.Role-playResearchwork:SearchonlinewithyourclassmatesfortheanswerstothefollowingquestionsabouttheGII.1.WhatisthefullnameoftheGII?2.WhichorganizationspublishtheGIIeachyear?3.WhenwastheGIIstarted?4.WhatisthemajorfunctionoftheGII?5.HowistheGIIcomputed?TextBDisruptingBeliefs:ANewApproachtoBusiness-ModelInnovation第六單元4QuestionsonTextB1.Whataretheelementsofbusinessmodel?2.Howcanenterprisesachieveinnovationincustomerrelationships?3.Howcanenterprisesachieveinnovationinproductionactivities?4.Whydocompaniesneedtofocusonthetransitionfromproductownershiptoaccess?5.Howcanenterprisesachieveinnovationinresourcesandcosts?QuestionsonTextB1.Whataretheelementsofbusinessmodel?--Businessmodelcomprisescustomerrelationships,keyactivities,strategicresources,andtheeconomicmodel’scoststructuresandrevenuestreams.QuestionsonTextB2.Howcanenterprisesachieveinnovationincustomerrelationships?--Businessesshouldstriveforcustomerloyalty,butthepursuitofl