河南省開封市2024屆高三下學期第二次質量檢測英語含答案

開封市2024屆高三年級第二次質量檢測英語本試卷分第卷（選擇題）和第卷（非選擇題）兩部分,考生作答時,將答案答在答題卡上（答題注意事項見答題卡）,在本試題卷上作答無效。考試結束后,將本試題卷和答題卡一并交回。注意事項：1.本考試設試題卷和答題卡兩部分,所有答題必須用2B鉛筆涂（選擇題）或用黑色簽字筆寫（非選擇題）在答題卡上,做在試卷上一律不得分。2.答卷前,務必用黑色中性筆在答題卡正面清楚地填寫姓名、準考證號。3.考試時間120分鐘。試卷滿分150分。第I卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項,聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whathappenstothespeakers?A.Theyhaveacaraccident.B.Theyarestuckintraffic.C.Theyquarrelwiththeirdaughter.2.Howdoesthemansound?A.Regretful. B.Pleased. C.Nervous.3.Whatdoesthemancongratulatethewomanon?A.Herpromotionatwork. B.Herachievementinsales. C.Herperformanceataconcert.4.WhenwillMary’sfirstclassstart?A.At8:00. B.At8:15. C.At8:30.5.Whatdoesthemandecidetodo?A.Livealoneneartheworkplace.B.Choosethehouseinthesuburb.C.Shareanapartmentwithothers.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘；聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.WhatdidthemandoonFriday?A.Hewentswimming. B.Hegaveabiologylesson. C.Heworkedonhisproject.7.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.ATVprogram. B.Aweekendplan. C.Abasketballgame.聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inasupermarket. B.Inafactory. C.Inanoffice.9.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?A.Havingarest. B.Testingproducts. C.Improvingquality.聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.Whatisthemandoing?A.Jogging. B.Cookingdinner. C.Preparingareport.11.Whydidthewomanskiplunchtoday?A.Shehadastomachache. B.Shewantedtoloseweight. C.Shewasbusyonthephone.12.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Motherandson. C.Brotherandsister.聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.Whatistheweatherliketoday?A.Snowy. B.Rainy. C.Windy.14.Whatwillthehighesttemperaturebeduringthedaytomorrow?A.-7°C. B.-10°C. C.-13°C.15.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Readnovels. B.Gooutside. C.Drawpictures.16.Whatdoesthewomanremindthemantodo?A.Chargehiscellphone. B.Wearapairofthickgloves.C.Tumontheairconditioner.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whatdidthespeakerprobablylikewhenhewasyounger?A.Beer. B.Wine. C.Whiskey.18.WhatisthepercentageofalcoholinWhiskey?A.About11%. B.About14%. C.About40%.19.Whichplaceisfamousforwineaccordingtothespeaker?A.Scotland. B.Spain. C.Ireland.20.Whatdoesthespeakermeanatlast?A.Wineofgoodqualitycostsalotofmoney.B.Drinkingtoomuchwineisharmfultohealth.C.Wineshouldn'tbeassociatedwithsocialstatus.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAreyoulookingtobridgethegapbetweenlifestyleandhealth,andstartthepositivejourneyoflivinglongerandbetter?Ifso,thenGoldstercanhelp.Ourfriendlycommunityembracesthechallenges,thetriumphs,andtheaspirationsofageing,throughliveonlineclassesforalllevelsofabilities.Classesarescience-backed,hostedbyindustry-leadingexpertsanddesignedfortheover50s.Withupto20liveclassesdaily,there'salwayssomethingtoenjoy,fromPilatesandTaiChitoResistanceTrainingandDance-thereareevenfitnessclassessuitableforalllevelsifyoufancysomethinga-littlemoreenergetic.Orifyouprefer,craftyourcreativitywithCreativeWriting,PoetryandArtandsharpenyourcognitionwithBrainTrainingclassesandourhighlyacclaimedbookclub.Youcanevencapturesomecalmandmeltintosome-meditation（冥想）,mindfulnessandself-massagewithclassesthathelptoinviteapeacefulnight'ssleep.Joinforfreenowandreceive:?5freeliveand5freeon-demandclasses,withfullaccesstodailyliveclassesandrecordings?Adaily-emailwithclassjoininglinks?TheMagazinefullofweeklyhealthandwellbeingarticles?ExclusiveonlineeventsSimplylogontohttp://promo.goldster.co.uk/rd5toclaimyourfivefreeclassesorscantheQRcodealthebottomofthepage.Sowhynotchoosetofeelbelter?Joinnowandkeepactive,healthy,andsociallyconnectedwithGoldsler.21.Whoisanintendedreaderofthistext?A.Ayoungladywhoisplanningtoloseweight.B.Ateenagerwhoisinterestedinonlinecourses.C.Amaninhislate30swhowantstoliveahealthylife.D.Anelderlywomanwhoseekstolivelongerandbetter.22.WhichisNOTincludedinGoldster'sclasses?A.Flowerarrangement. B.Fitnesstraining.C.Sleepimprovement. D.Writingpractice.23.Whatisthetypeofthistext?A.Ahealthreport. B.Anadvertisement.C.Anannouncement. D.Anintroduction.BDespiteanever-higherbartograbtheattentionofstudentsinlargelecturehall,TatianaErukhimova,whoteachesphysicsatTexasA&MUniversity,hasmanagedtogetherstudents,aswellasfuturegenerations,excitedaboutthescience,Knownas"Dr.Tatiana".theprofessorperformsphysicstrickswithboundlessenergyandenthusiasminhervideos.Arangeofeverydayobjectsareusedinherexperiments,frompingpongballsandtoiletpapertomarshmallows.bicyclewheelsandhairdryers.Videosofherdramaticdemonstrationshavereceivedhundredsofmillionsofviewsacrosssocialmediaplatforms.However,thingsaren'talwayseasy.Whenshefirststartedteachingcollegefreshmanclassestwodecadesago,shealsostruggledtograbtheattentionofherstudents."Ididnotgrabtheirattentiononthefirstday-thatwasmymistake."shesays."Imissedthisopportunitytobondwiththemfromtheverybeginning,andthenittookmeawhiletofindmyvoice."Bythesecondsemester,shefoundherfooting,adjustingherapproachtogetherstudentsengaged.Thekey,shesays,hasbeentomakeherselfapproachableandherinstructionpersonal.And,ofcourse,addshowydemonstrations."Thesedemonstrationsoftenhelpstudentstoconnecttheseabstractconceptswithreallife.”shesays.PhysicsdepartmentheadGrigoryRogachevsaysErukhimova'sworkhashelpedbringvisibilitytothedepartment,withabout2.5millionsubscribersonitsdepartment'sYouTubepage,whichhastranslatedtoaboostinresearchfundsandphysicsmajorapplicants.AsaleaderinaSTEMfieldinwhichwomenareunderrepresented,she'sbecomearolemodelforsome.AfiyaDhananiattendedTexasA&MUniversityafterseeingErukhimova'svideosonline."WatchingDr.Tatianadotheexperimentsonline,especiallysinceshewasafemaleleader.Wasmoreinspiringformetoevengointophysics."DhananisaidinaninterviewwithCBSMornings.That'sallErakhimovasaysshecanhopefor-makingphysicslessforbidding.andmoreexciting.24.WhatdoesErukhimova'sonlinevideosfeature?A.Rarematerials. B.Energeticpresentation.C.Plaindemonstration. D.Professionalexplanation.25.WhichsayingexplainsErukhimova'sinitialfailuretograbstudents'attention20yearsago?A.Allthatglittersisnotgold. B.Sharptoolsmakegoodwork.C.Firstimpressionsaremakeorbreak. D.Afallintothepit,againinyourwit.26.HowdoesErukhimova'sworkcontributetothephysicsdepartment?A.Itleadsmorestudentstochangetheirmajors.B.Itmakesmorepeopletoknowaboutthedepartment.C.Ithelpsthedepartmenttranslatemoreresearchpapers.D.Itattractsmorephysicsprofessorstojointhedepartment.27.WhichwordbestdescribesErukhimovaasaleaderinaSTEMfield?A.Inspirational. B.Underestimated. C.Cooperative. D.Ambitious.CThetasteofchampagneasweknowitcouldchangebeyondrecognitioninthecomingyears.Asglobaltemperaturescontinuetorise,theclimatecrisisposesathreattotheproductionofwine.ThesupplyofChardonnay,PinotNoirandPinotMeunier,amongotherpopularwine-makinggrapes,areatrisk.By2050,about85%ofthelandsthatwegrowgoodwinegrapesonwillnolongerproducesuitablewinegrapes.Grapesaresusceptibletoeventhemostsubtlechangesinweather."Wineiskindofthecanary（金絲雀）inthecoalmineforclimatechangeimpactsonagriculturebecausesomuchofthecharacterofwineistiedtothelocalclimate.saidBenjaminCook,aclimatescientist.Hepublishedapaperin2020examiningtheeffectsofclimatechangeonagricultureandhowthediversityofgrapescanincreasetheirresiliencetosuchchanges.Headdsthatscientistsare"seeingprettymuchallplants,includingwinegrapevines,starttheirlifecycleinthegrowingseasonearlier,andoftenfinishupearlier.Youbasicallyripenyourfruitearlierandtypicallyyouharvestearlier.IntheChampagneregionofFrance,thesechangescanalterthedistinctivepersonalitiesofgrapesgrownthere."Ifitmaturestooquickly,theratioofacidityandsugarmightbedifferent."Cooksaid.Agrape'squalitiesaredependentonitsenvironment.Withawarmingplanet,it'shardertoproducegrapesthatmakechampagnetastesweeterandboozier（酒精濃度高的）."Forinstance,inachardonnaygrape,whatyou'relookingforinacoolerclimateisgenerallyanappletaste,whereasinawarmerclimatethewarmthcanchangethegrapesqualitiestobemorelikeatropicalfruit,orevenbanana-like."saidSpiess.Oneofthemanywaysfarmersandwinemakersaretryingtoalleviatetheeffectsofclimatechangeongrapeproductionissiteselection."PlaceslikeBelgiumandtheNetherlandsandSweden,they'reexperiencingpositiveeffectsofclimatechangeastheplanetiswarming.Spiesssaid.Asdifferentregionsintheworldexperiencetheeffectsofclimatechangedifferently,theymaystarttohavemoreidealclimateconditionsforwinemaking.ThedownsideforthoseSwedishwinemakers?Ifthosechampagnegrapesaren'tgrownintheChampagneregionofFrance,youcan'tcallitchampagne,whichisaprotecteddesignationoforigin.Sohowdoyousay"bubbly"inSwedish?28.Howdoestheclimatechangethreatentheproductionofwine?A.Byincreasingthediversityofgrapes.B.Byincreasingthecostofwinemaking.C.Byintensifythecompetitionbetweenwinemakers.D.Byreducingtheproductionofsuitablewine-makinggrapes.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"susceptible"inparagraph3probablymean?A.Sensitive. B.Resistant. C.Adaptable. D.Tolerant.30.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Thelifecycleofwinegrapevinesisbecominglonger.B.Achardonnaygrapemaytastelikebananaincoolerclimate.C.Grapes'ratioofacidityandsugarinfluenceschampagne'staste.D.WinemakinginSwedenfacesthesamechallengeasthatinFrance.31.Whichcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.Willchampagnebecomesweeter?B.Whyischampagnecalledchampagne?C.CouldChampagnesoonstopproducingchampagne?D.Whatimpactdoesclimatechangehaveonagriculture?DAfallacyisanerrorinreasoningbasedonopinion,misunderstanding,orintentionalmisdirectionthatmakesanargumentinvalid.Commoncausation（因果關系）fallaciesincludethoseofoversimplificationandexaggeration,whichoccurwhenactual'causesofaneventarereducedtothepointwhereconnectionsbetweencausesandeffectsareblurredorburied.Oversimplificationiscommon,whichmeansreducingmultiplecausestojustoneorafew.Well-intentionedwritersandspeakerscanfallintothetrapofoversimplificationifnotcareful.Onemotivationforsimplificationisthebasicadvicegiventowriters:Don'tgetstuckindetails.Intheprocess,however,awritercanleaveouttoomanydetails,evencriticalinformation.AnothercontributingfactortooversimplificationistheoveruseofanimportanttoolincriticalthinkingcalledOceam'sRazor,aprinciplethatstatesthatthesimplestexplanationthatfitsthedataisthepreferableone.Theproblemisthatthesimplestexplanationmightnotalwaysbetheright-one.AwritercreatinganargumentcanassumethatbasedonOccam'sRazor,thesimplestexplanationislikelytrue,buttheymustnotassumethatisalwaysthecase.Theymustlookatallanglesandcomplexitiesofanissuebeforesettlingonthesimplestexplanation.Hereisanexampleofoversimplification:Schoolviolencehasgoneupandacademicperformancehasgonedownsincevideogamesfeaturingviolencewereintroduced.Therefore,videogameswithviolenceshouldbebanned,resultinginschoolimprovement.Thisargumentexhibitsoversimplificationbecauseitassumesproblemsinschools（increasingviolence,decreasingacademicperformancecanbeattributedtoasinglecause:thetimeyoungpeoplespendplayingvideogamesthatfeatureviolence.Variousotherfactors,includingsocialandeconomicconditionsthatmaycontributetoachild'smentalhealth,areignored.Relatedtothefallacyofoversimplificationisthefallacyofexaggeration-multiplyingacoupleofcausesintomany.32.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlyfocuson?A.Thecausesofoversimplification. B.Theimpactofoversimplification.C.Thedefinitionofoversimplification. D.Thecharacteristicsofoversimplification.33.HowdowriterscommitoversimplificationwhencreatinganargumentbasedonOccam's-Razor?A.Theyconsideranissuetobecomplicated.B.Theylookatanissuefromdifferentangles.C.Theybelievethesimplestexplanationislikelytrue.D.Theyhaveabsolutetrustinthesimplestexplanation.34.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisanexampleofoversimplification?A.Thenation'slackofmoralstandardsiscausedbymultiplefactors.B.Thelatestcurrencypolicytakesfullblameforthedecliningeconomy.C.Shewassavedbecauseofthesealbeltaswellasdoctors'timelysaving.D.Theproblemofeducationnotjustliesinteachers'failureofdoingtheirjobs.35.Whatmighttheauthordiscussintheparagraphsthatfollow?A.Waystoavoidoversimplification.B.Moreexamplesofoversimplification.C.Causesandexamplesofexaggeration.D.Thedistinctionbetweenexaggerationandoversimplification.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Friendsareincrediblyimportantpeopleinourlives.Somearewithusfordecades.36Herearesometipstorememberifyou'reprocessingthelossofafriend.Sometimesthingsjustdon'tworkout.37Infact,people,onaverage,loseabouthalfoftheirfriendseverysevenyears.Oneofthemostcommonreasonsthoserelationshipsendisthattheyjustfellthroughthecracks.Thingsdidn'tworkout.Nobodyreallywantedthefriendshiptoend,butpeoplegotbusyanddidn'tintentionallymaintainthefriendship.Maketheunsaidsaid.Sometimes,infriendship,peopledon'tmaketheunsaidsaid.38Andbecausethey'reneverdirectlyaddressed,peoplegettoapointwheretheywanttoendthefriendshipbeforeactuallyaddressingtheproblem.Actually,iftheyhadintervenedsooner,theymighthavebeenabletosavethefriendship.It'snormaltofeelgrief.Whenafriendshipends,thereisagrievingprocess.Allowyourselftofeelthoseemotionsandbepatient.Insteadofpushingyourselftocheerup,trythinkinglikethis,"OfcourseI'mupset.Thisisanaturalpartofintimacy（親密關系）andloss.IlostsomeoneI'mverycloseto.3940It'simportantnottoblameyourselfandbemeantoyourselffornotgettingoverthelossofafriendship.Justbecausethishappenedlikethisdoesn'tmeanmorefriendshipswillhappenlikethis.Allowyourselftohaveafreshperspectivewhenyouenternewfriendships.Youdon'twanttogointoanewconnectionfearfully.A.ThatmeansIlovethemdeeply.B.Bekindtoyourselfalongtheway.C.Findwaystoenteranewfriendship.D.Smallthingscankindofaccumulate.E.Losingfriendsisaregularpartoflife.F.Butnotallofthemcanstandthetestoftime.G.Whenaclosefriendshipends,thereasonsarecomplicated.第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。AsGonzaleswas41tothemartialartsgymwherehetrained,hesawwhatlookedlikeapolicepursuit.A（n）42manofmediumbuild,43inablackT-shirt,wasrunningfromapoliceofficer.WhenGonzales.sawtheofficerinneedof44everyelementofthemoralcodeinstalledinhimthroughhisBrazilianjiu-jitsu（巴西柔術）trainingtoldhimto45ahand.Gonzalessloweddown.Sodidthemanbeingchased-toavoid46Gonzales'sminivan.That47allowedtheofficertocatchupandtakethesuspecttotheground.However,hequicklyrealizedthattheofficerdidnothave48ofthesituation."Theofficerwasstraddling（跨坐）him,butthesuspectwasaboutto49thepoliceofficerover.Gonzalesjumpedoutofhisvehicleand50himselfontheman'slegs.51,hiswife,Ortiz,usedherphonetorecordthescene.Finally,thethreatwasover.ButforGonzales,theridewasjustbeginning.Ortiz52thevideoonFacebook,whereitattractedover56million53.AmongthoseawedbythevideowasBrazilianjiu-jitsu54,afourth-degreeblackbelt,whostated,"ThecombinationofGonzales'stechniqueandhiscommunicationwithboththeofficerandthesuspectis55!"41. A.jogging B.walking C.driving D.cycling42. A.muscular B.ambitious C.humorous D.aggressive43. A.worn B.absorbed C.dressed D.buried44. A.assistance B.emergency C.solution D.action45. A.send B.lend C.shake D.hold46. A.comingacross B.holdingup C.breakingdown D.runninginto47. A.accusation B.hesitation C.adaptation D.communication48. A.consciousness B.knowledge C.control D.advantage49. A.tip B.fight C.fall D.hand50. A.abandoned B.dragged C.pulled D.threw5I. A.However B.Therefore C.Meanwhile D.Instead52. A.downloaded B.edited C.saw D.posted53. A.customers B.views C.cheers D.researches54. A.instructor B.conductor C.operator D.inventor55. A.heroic B.moving C.understandable D.legendary第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下邊短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的適當形式。2024is"TheYearoftheDragon"ontheChineselunarcalendar.But56that'sthepropertranslationoftheiconicmythicalsymbolofChinaornothasaroused57（heat）debate.TheWesternconceptofdragonisnotconsistentwith58oftheChinesedragon.InfluencedbyGreekmythology,thedragonisoftenthekeeperoftreasure.ForEuropeans,dragonisusuallyamonster59（keep）distancesawayfrompeople.Withfourlegsandtwohugeblackwings,theycanspitfireorevenpoisongasoutoftheirmouth.Contrary60theevilimageofEuropeandragons,Chinesedragonssymbolize61（strong）andgoodluck.InChineselegends,dragonswereappointedheadofthefourseas,rulersofweatherandwater.ThosebornintheyearoftheLoongarebelieved62（be）interestedintheworldandwillingtogiveahelpinghand.ThedifferencesinperceptionofthemythicalcreaturesinChinaandtheWest63（root）intheirdifferentculturalvalues.Whatisimportantisthatasweenter64newlunaryear,people65（global）appreciatetheculturalvaluesembodiedinsuchChinesesymbolsasLoong.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié),滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）假如你是李華,你校外教Peter對中國傳統(tǒng)美食很感興趣,請你給他寫一封電子郵件推薦一種中國傳統(tǒng)美食,內容包括：