黑龍江哈爾濱市英語(yǔ)中考2024年自測(cè)試題及答案指導(dǎo)

2024年黑龍江哈爾濱市英語(yǔ)中考自測(cè)試題及答案指導(dǎo)一、聽(tīng)力部分（本大題有20小題，每小題1分，共20分）1、Listentotheconversationbetweentwofriendsatabookstoreandchoosethebestanswertothequestion.A.Themanislookingforanewnoveltoread.B.Thewomanisaskingforhelpfindingabookoncooking.C.Themanisinterestedinabookonhistory.Answer:A

Explanation:Themanmentions,“I’vebeenwantingtoreadsomethingnew,”indicatingthatheislookingforanoveltoread.Thewoman’sresponseconfirmsthisbysuggestingafewpopularnewreleases.2、Listentoashortdialogueaboutaschooleventandanswerthefollowingquestion.Whatistheschooleventthatisbeingdiscussed?A.AsportscompetitionB.AsciencefairC.AmusicrecitalAnswer:B

Explanation:Thedialogueincludesreferencesto“exhibits”and“projects,”whicharecommonatsciencefairs.Thementionof“scienceexperiments”furtherconfirmsthattheeventisasciencefair,notasportscompetitionoramusicrecital.3.Youwillhearashortconversationbetweentwofriends.Listencarefullyandchoosethebestanswertothequestion.A.Theyarediscussingabooktheyrecentlyread.B.Theyareplanningatriptothemountains.C.Theyaretalkingabouttheirfavoritesportsteams.Answer:B

Explanation:Theconversationcontainsreferencestoplanningactivitiesanddiscussingplacestovisit,whichsuggeststheyarediscussingatrip.Thementionof“packthetent”and“campingspots”furthersupportsthis.4.Listentoashortdialoguebetweenastudentandateacher.Answerthefollowingquestion.Whatisthemaintopicofthedialogue?A.Thestudent’sgrades.B.Theupcomingsciencefairproject.C.Thestudent’sinterestinmusic.Answer:B

Explanation:Thedialoguefocusesonthedetailsofthesciencefairproject,includingthestudent’sresearchtopicandtheteacher’sadvice.Thereisnomentionofgradesormusic,makingoptionBthemostrelevanttopicdiscussed.5.Youwillhearaconversationbetweentwostudentsdiscussingtheirweekendplans.Listentotheconversationandanswerthefollowingquestion.Question:Whatarethestudentsplanningtodothisweekend?A.GoshoppingB.GotothebeachC.VisitamuseumAnswer:B

Explanation:Intheconversation,onestudentmentions,“Let’sgotothebeachthisweekend.”Thisindicatesthattheirplanistogotothebeach.6.Listentoashortdialoguebetweenateacherandastudentaboutanassignment.Answerthefollowingquestion.Question:Whatisthemainissuethestudentisfacingwiththeassignment?A.ThedeadlineistoosoonB.TheassignmentistoodifficultC.ThestudentisunabletofindtherequiredinformationAnswer:C

Explanation:Thestudentsays,“Ican’tfindtheinformationfortheresearchpaper.”Thisindicatesthatthestudentisunabletofindtherequiredinformationfortheirassignment.7、Whatdoesthestudentwanttoborrowfromthelibrary?A.AnovelB.AmagazineC.AtextbookAnswer:C.AtextbookExplanation:Intheconversation,thestudentspecificallyasksthelibrarianiftheycanborrowabiologytextbookfortheirupcomingexams.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisC,atextbook.8、Howlongcanthestudentkeeptheborrowedbook?A.1weekB.2weeksC.3weeksAnswer:B.2weeksExplanation:Thelibrarianinformsthestudentthattheusualborrowingperiodistwoweeks,butitcanberenewedifnooneelsehasplacedaholdonthebook.Thus,thecorrectanswerisB,2weeks.9.Youwillhearaconversationbetweentwofriendsdiscussingtheirweekendplans.Listenandanswerthequestion.Question:WhatactivitydoesthegirlsuggesttheydoonSaturdayafternoon?A.GoshoppingB.VisitamuseumC.HaveapicnicD.GoswimmingAnswer:B.VisitamuseumExplanation:Intheconversation,thegirlsays,“Iwasthinkingwecouldvisitthenewmuseumdowntown.It’ssupposedtobereallyinteresting.”Thisindicatesthatshesuggestsvisitingamuseum.10.Youwillhearanannouncementataconference.Listenandanswerthequestion.Question:Whatisthespeakerremindingtheattendeestobringtothesession?A.AlaptopB.AnotebookC.ApenandpaperD.AlistofquestionsAnswer:C.ApenandpaperExplanation:Thespeakersays,“Pleaseremembertobringapenandsomepaperwithyoutothesession.Wewillbetakingnotesandwillneedtotakeafewshortquizzes.”Thisindicatesthattheattendeesarebeingremindedtobringapenandpaper.11.Youwillhearashortconversationbetweentwofriendsatacoffeeshop.Listencarefullyandchoosethebestanswertothequestionthatfollows.Question:Whatdoesthemansuggesttheydoaftertheyfinishtheircoffee?Goforawalk.Watchamovie.Gotothelibrary.Haveanap.Answer:A)Goforawalk.Explanation:Themansuggeststheygoforawalkaftertheyfinishtheircoffee,whichismentionedintheconversation.12.Listentoanewsreportaboutarecentenvironmentalevent.Afterhearingthereport,answerthefollowingquestion.Question:Whatisthemaincauseoftheenvironmentalproblemmentionedinthereport?Industrialpollution.Deforestation.Overfishing.Climatechange.Answer:D)Climatechange.Explanation:Thenewsreportfocusesontheimpactofclimatechange,whichisidentifiedasthemaincauseoftheenvironmentalproblemdiscussed.13.Youwillhearashortconversationbetweentwofriends,AliceandBob.Listencarefullyandanswerthequestion.Question:WhatdoesBobsuggestAlicedoeswithhernewbook?A.Readitathome.B.Borrowitfromafriend.C.Takeittothelibrary.Answer:C

Explanation:Intheconversation,Bobsays,“Whydon’tyoutakeittothelibrary?Therearemanycomfortableseatsthere.”ThisindicatesthathesuggestsAlicetakeshernewbooktothelibrary.14.Listentoashortmonologueabouttheimportanceofexercise.Answerthequestion.Question:Accordingtothespeaker,whatisthemainbenefitofregularexercise?A.Improvedsleep.B.Increasedenergylevels.C.Enhancedmemory.Answer:B

Explanation:Thespeakerstates,“Regularexercisecansignificantlyboostyourenergylevels,makingyoufeelmoreenergeticthroughouttheday.”Thisimpliesthatincreasedenergylevelsarethemainbenefitofregularexercise.15.Youwillhearaconversationbetweentwofriends.Listenandanswerthequestion.Question:Whatisthemanplanningtodothisweekend?A.Gotothemovies.B.Visithisgrandparents.C.Gohiking.Answer:BExplanation:Intheconversation,themansays,“I’vebeenmeaningtovisitmygrandparentsthisweekend.”Therefore,thecorrectanswerisB.16.Youwillhearanewsreportaboutanewtechnology.Listenandanswerthequestion.Question:Whatisthenewtechnologymainlyusedfor?A.Healthmonitoring.B.Trafficcontrol.C.Environmentalprotection.Answer:AExplanation:Thenewsreportmentions,“Thisnewtechnologycanbeusedtomonitorpatients’healthremotely,whichisparticularlyusefulforelderlypeople.”Thus,thecorrectanswerisA.17.Youwillhearashortconversationbetweentwofriendsdiscussingtheirweekendplans.Listencarefullyandchoosethebestanswertothequestionthatfollows.Question:Whatactivitydothefriendsdecidetodotogetherontheweekend?

A)Goshopping

B)Visitamuseum

C)Gohiking

D)WatchamovieAnswer:C

Explanation:Theconversationindicatesthattheyplantogohikingtogetherovertheweekend,whichiswhythecorrectanswerisC)Gohiking.18.Listentoashortinterviewwithaprofessionalchefwhotalksabouttheimportanceofhealthyeatinghabits.Answerthefollowingquestionbasedonwhatyouhear.Question:Accordingtothechef,whatisoneofthekeybenefitsofabalanceddiet?

A)Improvedconcentration

B)Increasedenergylevels

C)Enhancedmood

D)AlloftheaboveAnswer:D

Explanation:Thechefmentionsthatabalanceddietcanleadtoimprovedconcentration,increasedenergylevels,andanenhancedmood,whichmeansthecorrectanswerisD)Alloftheabove.19.Youwillhearashortconversationbetweentwofriends.Afterlistening,choosethebestanswertothequestion.Question:Whataretheydiscussing?A.TheweatherB.TheirschoolworkC.AmovietheywatchedlastnightAnswer:BExplanation:Intheconversation,theytalkabouttheirschoolworkandhowmuchtheyhavetodofortheupcomingexams.19.Youwillhearashortdialoguebetweenastudentandateacher.Afterlistening,choosethecorrectoptiontocompletethesentence.Question:Thestudentsaysheisgoingto…A.StayhomeandrestB.GotothelibrarytostudyC.AttendapartywithhisfriendsAnswer:BExplanation:Thestudentmentionsthatheneedstogotothelibrarytopreparefortheupcomingtest,indicatingthatheiscommittedtostudying.20.Youwillhearabriefinterviewwithafamousauthor.Afterlistening,answerthefollowingquestion.Question:Whatinspiredtheauthortowritetheirlatestnovel?A.AdreamtheyhadB.AneventthathappenedintheirchildhoodC.AcurrenteventinthenewsAnswer:BExplanation:Theauthorexplainsthattheirlatestnovelwasinspiredbyaneventthatoccurredintheirchildhood,whichservedasthefoundationforthestory.二、閱讀理解（30分）ReadingComprehensionPassage:Inrecentyears,theimportanceofenvironmentalprotectionhasbeenincreasinglyrecognizedworldwide.Peoplehavebecomemoreawareoftheimpactofhumanactivitiesontheplanet,andmanyeffortshavebeenmadetoreducepollutionandconservenaturalresources.Oneofthemosteffectivewaystopromoteenvironmentalawarenessisthrougheducation.Schoolsaroundtheworldareincorporatingenvironmentalstudiesintotheircurricula,andgovernmentsareimplementingpoliciestoencouragesustainablepractices.Thispassagediscussestheroleofeducationinenvironmentalprotectionandsomeofthechallengesfacedbyeducatorsinteachingabouttheenvironment.Questions:1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Theimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.B.Theroleofeducationinenvironmentalprotection.C.Theimpactofhumanactivitiesontheplanet.D.Thechallengesfacedbyeducatorsinteachingabouttheenvironment.2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthemosteffectivewaystopromoteenvironmentalawareness?A.Implementingstrictenvironmentalpolicies.B.Incorporatingenvironmentalstudiesintoschoolcurricula.C.Encouragingpeopletorecycle.D.Increasingpublicawarenesscampaigns.3.Thepassagementionsthatgovernmentsareimplementingpoliciestoencouragesustainablepractices.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasapolicy?A.Providingincentivesforrenewableenergyusage.B.Implementingacarbontax.C.Banningplasticbagsinsupermarkets.D.Increasingthenumberofhighwaystoreducetrafficcongestion.AnswerKey:1.B.Theroleofeducationinenvironmentalprotection.2.B.Incorporatingenvironmentalstudiesintoschoolcurricula.3.D.Increasingthenumberofhighwaystoreducetrafficcongestion.三、完型填空（15分）Section3:ClozeTestReadthefollowingpassageandchoosethebestwordforeachblankfromtheoptionsgivenbelow.InthesmalltownofMaplewood,the1(a)b(c)d(e)villagesquarehadalwaysbeentheheartofcommunitylife.Everyweekend,peoplewouldgathertheretochat,playgames,andenjoythelocalbandsthatperformedinthe2(a)b(c)d(e)bandstand.Oneyear,however,thebandstandbegantoshowitsage.The3(a)b(c)d(e)paintwaschippingoff,andthewoodenstructurewasstartingtorot.Thetowncouncildecideditwastimefora4(a)b(c)d(e)restoration.Theyorganizeda5(a)b(c)d(e)campaigntoraisefundsfortherepair.1.(a)bustling(b)serene(c)bustling(d)tranquil(e)lively2.(a)wooden(b)metal(c)stone(d)concrete(e)wooden3.(a)exterior(b)interior(c)foundation(d)roof(e)paint4.(a)urgent(b)routine(c)periodic(d)extensive(e)simple5.(a)fundraising(b)construction(c)renovation(d)development(e)expansionAnswers:1.(a)bustling2.(e)wooden3.(a)exterior4.(d)extensive5.(a)fundraising四、語(yǔ)法填空題（本大題有10小題，每小題1分，共10分）1、Inthe1morning,theteacher2theclasswithashortspeechabouttheimportanceofteamwork.A.firstB.thefirstC.afirstD.athefirst答案：B

解析：本題考查數(shù)詞的用法。在表示“在某個(gè)早上第一次”時(shí)，應(yīng)使用“thefirstmorning”。因此，選項(xiàng)B正確。2、Ifyou3yourhomework,youwillhavemoretimetorelax.A.finishB.finishesC.finishedD.havefinished答案：A

解析：本題考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這里需要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一種條件和假設(shè)。因此，選項(xiàng)A正確。3.Choosethecorrectformoftheverbinparenthesestocompletethesentence.Theteacher__________(be)tiredofexplainingthesametopiceveryweek.isbeingwasbeinghasbeenwillbeAnswer:c)hasbeenExplanation:Thesentenceimpliesacontinuousstateoveraperiodoftime,sothepresentperfectcontinuoustense“hasbeen”isthecorrectchoice.Theotheroptionsarenotsuitableforthiscontext.4.Completethesentencewiththecorrectformoftheverbinparentheses.Bythetimehefinishedhisproject,__________(John)already__________(find)anewjob.Johnhas;foundJohnhad;hadfoundJohnhad;foundJohnwas;findingAnswer:c)Johnhad;foundExplanation:Thefirstblankshouldusethepastperfecttense“had”toindicateanactionthathappenedbeforeanotherpastaction.Thesecondblankshouldusethesimplepasttense“found”todescribetheactioncompletedbeforefinishingtheproject.5、After_____(live)inthecountrysideforfiveyears,shefoundithardtoadjusttolifeinthecityagain.

Answer:living

Explanation:Thecorrectformtouseafteraprepositionlike“after”isthegerund(-ingform).Therefore,“l(fā)iving”istheproperchoicehere.6、Theteacheraskedustowriteanessayabout_____(we)experiencesduringthesummerholiday.

Answer:our

Explanation:Inthissentence,apossessiveadjectiveisrequiredtoshowownershipofthenoun“experiences.”Thecorrectpossessiveadjectiveformof“we”is“our.”7.Inthe7evening,the8studentsgatheredintheschoolhalltopreparefortheupcomingEnglishexamination.Answer:7.last8.few

Explanation:Thephrase“inthelastevening”indicatesaspecifictimeinthepast,and“thefewstudents”suggestsasmallnumberofstudents.“Last”isusedtodescribetheevening,while“few”isusedtoindicateasmallquantityofstudents.8.The9ofthebookisfascinating,butthe10istoodifficultformostbeginners.Answer:9.content10.grammar

Explanation:“Thecontentofthebook”referstowhatthebookisabout,itssubjectmatter.“Thegrammar”referstotherulesoflanguageusedinthebook,whichcanbechallengingforbeginners.“Grammar”isthecorrecttermtodescribethestructureandrulesoflanguage.9、Completethefollowingsentencewiththeproperformoftheverbinparentheses:

Thestudents(study)________diligentlyfortheirexams,knowingthattheireffortswillpayoffinthefuture.Answer:Thestudentshavebeenstudyingdiligentlyfortheirexams,knowingthattheireffortswillpayoffinthefuture.Explanation:Thepresentperfectcontinuoustenseisusedheretoindicateanactionthatstartedinthepast,hascontinuedintothepresent,andmaycontinueintothefuture.Thecontextsuggeststhatthestudentsbeganstudyingsometimeagoandarestilldoingsowiththeexpectationofeventualsuccess.10、Choosethecorrectformoftheadjectivetofillintheblank:

Ofalltheteachersatourschool,Ms.

Johnsonis___________(patient).Answer:Ofalltheteachersatourschool,Ms.

Johnsonisthemostpatient.Explanation:Whencomparingthreeormoreitemsorpeople,weusethesuperlativeformoftheadjective.Here,“themostpatient”isusedbecauseMs.

Johnsonisbeingcomparedtoallotherteachersattheschool,indicatingshepossessesthehighestdegreeofpatienceamongthem.五、簡(jiǎn)答題（本大題有5小題，每小題2分，共10分）1、WhatarethemaindifferencesbetweenthepresentperfecttenseandthepresentperfectcontinuoustenseinEnglish?Answer:

ThemaindifferencesbetweenthepresentperfecttenseandthepresentperfectcontinuoustenseinEnglishareasfollows:1.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresentorhaveapresentresult.Itdoesnotindicateduration.

Example:Ihavelivedinthiscityforfiveyears.2.Thepresentperfectcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatstartedinthepast,arestillhappeningnow,andmaycontinueintothefuture.Itemphasizesthedurationoftheaction.

Example:Ihavebeenlivinginthiscityforfiveyears.Explanation:

Thepresentperfecttensefocusesonthecompletionofanactioninrelationtothepresenttime,whilethepresentperfectcontinuoustenseemphasizestheongoingnatureoftheaction.Thepresentperfectcontinuousalsoimpliesthattheactionstartedinthepastandisongoing.3、Whatisthedifferencebetween“affect”and“effect”?Provideanexamplesentenceusingeach.

Answer:

“Affect”isusuallyaverbmeaningtoinfluenceortoproduceachange,while“effect”istypicallyanounreferringtotheresultofsomething.

Explanation:Affect:Asaverb,itmeanstoproduceaneffectupon;toinfluence.Forexample:“Theweatherwillaffectourtravelplans.”Effect:Asanoun,itmeanstheresultoroutcomeofanaction.Forexample:“Theeffectofthebadweatheronourtravelplanswassignificant.”4、Identifythetypeofclauseinthefollowingsentenceandexplainitsfunction:“IwillcallyouwhenIarrive.”

Answer:

Theclause“whenIarrive”isadependentadverbialclausethatindicatestime.

Explanation:

Thistypeofclauseprovidesinformationaboutwhenthemainaction(calling)willtakeplace.Itisdependentbecauseitcannotstandaloneasacompletesentenceandneedsthemainclause“Iwillcallyou”toprovideafullmeaning.5、Explainthedifferencebetween“preposition”and“conjunction”inEnglishgrammar.Answer:Aprepositionisawordthatshowstherelationshipbetweenanounorpronounandotherwordsinasentence.Commonprepositionsinclude“in”,“on”,“under”,“with”,and“between”.Forexample,inthesentence“Thecatissittingonthemat”,“on”isaprepositionthatindicatesthelocationofthecat.Aconjunctionisawordthatconnectswords,phrases,orclausesinasentence.Commonconjunctionsinclude“and”,“but”,“or”,“because”,and“although”.Forexample,inthesentence“Ilikeapples,butIpreferoranges”,“but”isaconjunctionthatconnectstwoindependentclauses.Explanation:Thekeydifferencebetweenaprepositionandaconjunctionistheirfunctioninasentence.Prepositionsareusedtoshowrelationships,whileconjunctionsareusedtoconnectdifferentpartsofasentence.六、書(shū)面表達(dá)題（15分）SectionVI:Writing(30points)Instructions:Forthispartofthetest,youarerequiredtowriteacompositionin120-150wordsbasedonthetopicgivenbelow.Youshouldwriteatleastthreeparagraphsfollowingtheoutlineprovidedandwriteyouranswerontheanswersheet.Topic:“TheBenefitsandChallengesofOnlineLearning”O(jiān)utline:1.Describethecurrenttrendofonlinelearning.2.Discussboththebenefitsandchallengesofonlinelearning.3.