人教版（2019）選擇性必修第三冊復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案 UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

UNIT3ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTION基礎(chǔ)默寫Ⅰ.核心單詞——寫其形1.meltvi.&vt.（使）融化；熔化；軟化2.releasevt.&n.排放；釋放；發(fā)布3.fueln.燃料；刺激性言行vt.給……提供燃料；加強；刺激4.worldwideadv.遍及全球地adj.世界各地的5.trendn.趨勢；趨向6.broadcastvt.&vi.（過去式broadcast；過去分詞broadcast）播送；廣播n.廣播節(jié)目7.policyn.政策；方針；原則8.seizevt.抓?。粖Z??；控制9.reformvi.&vt.改革n.改革10.undergovt.（過去式underwent；過去分詞undergone）經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受（變化、不快等）11.restorevt.恢復(fù)；使復(fù)原；修復(fù)12.dozenn.（一）打；十二個13.finevt.對……處以罰款Ⅱ.拓展單詞——通其變1.starvevi.&vt.（使）挨餓；餓死→starvationn.饑餓；挨餓；餓死→starvingadj.極餓的2.ecologyn.生態(tài)；生態(tài)學(xué)→ecologistn.生態(tài)學(xué)家→ecologicaladj.生態(tài)的；生態(tài)學(xué)的3.sustainvt.維持；遭受；承受住→sustainableadj.可持續(xù)的；合理利用的4.comprehendvi.&vt.理解；包括→comprehensionn.理解；包括→comprehensiveadj.全部的；所有的；綜合性的；詳盡的5.frequentadj.經(jīng)常的；頻繁的→frequentlyadv.頻繁地；經(jīng)常→frequencyn.頻繁6.restrictvt.限制；限定；束縛→restrictionn.限制規(guī)定；限制法規(guī)；約束→restrictedadj.受限制的；保密的→restrictiveadj.限制性的；約束的7.harmonyn.融洽；和諧→harmoniousadj.和諧的8.submitvt.&vi.提交；呈遞；屈服→submissionn.提交；呈遞；屈服→submissiveadj.順從的9.annualadj.每年的；一年的n.年刊；年鑒→annuallyadv.每年；一年一次地10.sensen.感覺；理解力→sensibleadj.明智的；合理的→senselessadj.無意義的；失去知覺的→sensitiveadj.敏感的；善解人意的；靈敏的→insensitiveadj.不敏感的；不在乎的；麻木的11.smogn.煙霧（煙與霧混合的空氣污染物）→smoggyadj.煙霧彌漫的12.conservevt.保護→conservationn.對（環(huán)境、文物等）保護；保持→conservativeadj.保守的13.inspectvt.檢查；視察→inspectionn.檢查；查看；視察→inspectorn.檢查員；視察員14.toleratevt.忍受；包容；容許→tolerancen.容忍；寬容→tolerableadj.可容忍的→tolerantadj.容忍的；寬容的Ⅲ.閱讀單詞——曉其意1.graphn.圖；圖表；曲線圖2.emissionn.排放物；散發(fā)物；排放3.fossiln.化石4.footprintn.足跡；（某物所占的）空間量；面積5.tropicaladj.熱帶的；來自熱帶的6.chaosn.混亂；雜亂；紊亂7.nuclearadj.原子能的；核能的；原子核的8.junglen.（熱帶）叢林；密林9.volumen.量；體積；（成套書籍中的）一卷10.enterprisen.公司；企業(yè)；事業(yè)Ⅳ.核心短語——明搭配1.haveanimpacton對……有影響2.causedamageto對……造成傷害3.leadto導(dǎo)致4.takeaction/measures采取行動/措施5.insearchof尋找6.dieout滅亡7.onbehalfof代表/代替某人8.endup最終；結(jié)果9.dozensof許多10.ineffect在實施中；實際上Ⅴ.經(jīng)典句式——會運用1.ThereislittledoubtthatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.（Thereislittledoubtthat...）毫無疑問，地球正變得越來越暖。2.Withoutthisprocess，Earthcouldnotsustainlife.（without引起的虛擬語氣）沒有這個過程，地球就無法維持生命。3.Thereisstrongandcomprehensiveevidencethattheriseintemperaturehasledtoanincreaseinextremeweatherandnaturaldisastersworldwide，notonlycausingseriousdamage，butalsocostinghumanlives.（that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句；notonly...butalso...）有強有力并且全面的證據(jù)表明，氣溫上升已導(dǎo)致全球極端天氣和自然災(zāi)害增加，不僅造成嚴(yán)重破壞，而且造成人類生命損失。4.Previously，waterqualityintheLiRiverhadsufferedgreatlyfromanincreasingvolumeoftourists，manyofwhomfrequentlythrewgarbageintotheriver.（"代詞＋of＋whom"引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句）此前，漓江的水質(zhì)因游客數(shù)量增加而受到嚴(yán)重破壞，許多游客頻繁將垃圾扔入江中。5.Waterpollutionlevelsincreased，withmorehouseholdandcommercialwasteendingupintheriver.（"with＋賓語＋現(xiàn)在分詞"構(gòu)成的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)）隨著越來越多的家庭和商業(yè)廢水流入河流，水污染程度增加。語境自測Ⅰ.單詞拼寫（用本單元詞匯）1.Carbondioxideisreleasedthroughhumanactivitiessuchasburningfossilfuels，aswellasnaturalprocessessuchasvolcaniceruptions.2.Itiswarnedthatthiswarmingtrendwillbecomeworseifwedonottakeappropriatemeasures.3.Anincreaseinaveragetemperaturebyonlyafewdegreescouldcauseenvironmentalproblemsworldwide.4.Theconcertwillbebroadcastliveontelevisionandradiotomorrowevening.5.Thepresentgovernment’spolicyoneducationtriestoincludeeverychild.6.Thelawneedstobereformedsinceitisnotsuitableanymorewiththedevelopmentofthecountry.7.Studentsseizedtheopportunitytoenjoythemselvesinnature.8.Somechildrenundergoacompletetransformationwhentheybecometeenagers.Ⅱ.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Aftertheearthquake，somestarvingpeopletrappedinruinsdiedofstarvationatlast.（starve）2.Thegovernmenttriestobuildaharmonioussociety，wherepeoplecanliveharmoniouslywithothers.（harmony）3.Theconsultantwasafrequentvisitortothiscompanyinthelastmonth.Therefore，employeessawhiminmanager’sofficefrequently.However，thefrequencyhasdecreasedalotthisweek.Maybetheproblemhasbeensolved.（frequent）4.Thecompanyistotallysustainedbyitssparemoney，andisboundtogointobankruptcywithoutasustainablesysteminthemonthsahead.（sustain）5.Toconservewildlife，ourgovernmenttriesitsbesttoraisepublicawarenessofwildlifeconservation.Ataconservativeestimate，hundredsofspecieshavebeensavedfromdistinction.（conserve）6.Agroupofinspectorsareabouttoinspectourschool，andthentheywillmakeajudgmentaccordingtotheirinspection.（inspect）7.Mybestfriend’sparentsareverytoleranttowardsherchoicesaslongastheyaretolerable，butsometimesshepushesthemtoofar.（tolerate）8.Ecologistsbelievethatthesystemisbothpracticalandecologicallysound.（ecology）Ⅲ.用方框內(nèi)短語的適當(dāng)形式完成句子haveanimpacton takemeasures dieoutonbehalfof dozensof1.Ourgovernmentisattemptingtotakemeasurestopreventandcontrolairpollution.2.Dozensofvolunteershavebeenassignedtodisposeofthegarbagesincelastweek.3.Onbehalfofthestaff，Iwishtoextendourwarmestwelcometoyou.4.Microplasticshavebecomeoneofthemostpressingglobalenvironmentalissues，whichhaveanimpactontheclimateandenvironment.5.Oneofthequestionsunderdebateiswhethertraditionaltechnologyandmethodsareboundtodieoutwhenacountrybeginstodevelopmodernscienceandtechnology.Ⅳ.句式仿寫1.毋庸置疑，汽車排放物已經(jīng)成為一個大問題，尤其是在城市里。（Thereislittledoubtthat...）Thereislittledoubtthatcaremissionshavebecomeabigproblem，especiallyincities.2.沒有嚴(yán)格的政策和有效的措施，中國就不可能在環(huán)境保護方面取得如此巨大的成就。（without引起的虛擬語氣）Withoutstrictpoliciesandeffectivemeasures/steps，Chinacouldn’thavemadesuchgreatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.3.有證據(jù)表明動植物對氣候很敏感。（that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句）Thereisevidencethatanimalsandplantsaresensitivetoclimate.4.作為中國的首都，北京不僅有悠久的歷史，還是一個現(xiàn)代化的城市。（notonly...butalso...）AsthecapitalofChina，Beijingnotonlyhasalonghistory，butalsoisamoderncity.5.30名參賽者將參加，每人需要發(fā)表3至5分鐘的演講。（"代詞＋of＋whom"引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句）Thirtycompetitorswilltakepart，eachofwhomisrequiredtodeliveraspeechof3to5minutes.6.隨著暑假的臨近，似乎每個人都在忙著做假期計劃。（"with＋賓語＋現(xiàn)在分詞"構(gòu)成的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)）Withthesummerholidaysapproaching，itseemsthateverybodyisbusymakingholidayplans.1.Earthisgettingwarmer，whichisapoliticallysensitiveissuecausingmanycreaturesacrosstheworldtohavestarvedorevendied，accordingtosomebroadcasts.Forthisphenomenon，the"greenhouseeffect"istoblame.Naturally，whentheheatfromtheearthisreleasedbackintospace，greenhousegasesintheatmospheretrapsome，keepingEarth’sclimateinaharmoniouswaytosustainlife.However，humanactivitieslikeburningfossilfuelsproducetoomanygreenhousegases，whichcauseariseintemperatureonEarth.Luckily，governmentsworldwideareplanningreformsandcomprehensivepoliciestorestrictgreenhousegasemissions，alongwiththeeffortsofenterprisesandthepublic.2.Nobodycantoleratelivinginahotpot.Thereisnodoubtthatmankindhastosubmittosomeurgentproblems—thewarmingtrendofEarthandtheconsequentproblemslikethemeltingice，frequentextremeweatherandecologicalchaos.Thereissomuchwemustdoandwecando.We，asindividuals，canreduceour"carbonfootprint"indozensofways.Onbehalfoftheyoung，Iwillseizeeveryopportunitytoplayaroleintheenvironmentalconservationcampaign.1restrictvt.限制，限定（limit）；束縛；妨礙；約束1.[譯林選必②－3]Shouldwerestrictouruseofthistechnologytothetreatmentandpreventionofdiseases？2.[譯林選必④－2]Infact，therehaveneverbeenanyformalacademicrestrictionsonnewborrowedwords.3.Onlyarestricted（restrict）rangeofenterpriseswerefoundinaninspectiontorecyclecarbondioxideinsteadofreleasingitdirectlyintotheair.4.Irestrictmyselftoplayingwithmycellphonehalfanhouraday（限制自己每天只玩半小時手機）.restrict...to...中to為介詞，其后只能跟名詞、代詞、動名詞。5.Anincreasingnumberofpeopleonlystayathomealldaylongbecauseoftheiraddictiontothoseelectronicdevices.→Itistheaddictiontothoseelectronicdevicesthatrestrictsanincreasingnumberofpeopletostayingathomealldaylong.（強調(diào)句型）★restrict...to...將……限定在……內(nèi)restrictoneself/sb.to（doing）sth.限制自己/某人只做某事★restrictedadj.有限的；保密的berestrictedto...限于……★restrictionn.限制規(guī)定；限制法規(guī)；約束withoutrestriction不受限制arestrictiononsth.對……的限制2seizevt.抓?。粖Z?。豢刂?；扣押；（情緒）侵襲1.突然，她向前沖去，在門前抓住了母親的手臂。 （讀后續(xù)寫之動作描寫）Allofasudden，shechargedforwardandseizedhermotherbythearm/seizedhermother’sarminfrontofthedoor.2.我強烈建議你們抓住每一個機會去減少碳足跡。Istronglyrecommend（that）you（should）seizeeveryopportunitytoreduceyourcarbonfootprint.3.聽了這個壞消息，她感到一陣悲傷，忍不住痛哭。 （讀后續(xù)寫之情緒描寫）Uponhearingthebadnews，shewasseizedby/with（aburstof）sadnessandcouldn’thelpcryingbitterly.★seizeachance/anopportunity抓住機會seizesb.bythearm/seizeone’sarm抓住某人的胳膊表情感的名詞＋seizesb.＝sb.beseizedwith/by＋表情感的名詞，表示"某人突然感到……"3submitvt.&vi.（submitted，submitted，submitting）提交；呈遞；屈服；被迫接受1.Papersonecologysubmitted（submit）afterthedeadlinewillbeconsideredlateandreceivelowergrades.2.Shehadtosubmitherselftolistening（listen）tohiscontinuouscomplaintsabouthisschoolpolicyfortherewasnooneelseintheroom.submit...to...中to為介詞，其后只能跟名詞、代詞、動名詞作賓語。3.Whenisthefinaldateforthesubmission（submit）ofourproposals？4.盡管在日常生活中我經(jīng)歷了許多挑戰(zhàn)和困難，我堅決不屈服于它們。EvenifIunderwentmanychallengesandhardshipsindailylife，Iwasdeterminednottosubmit（myself）tothem.5.如果你對這個職位感興趣，請于12月28日之前提交申請至校辦公室。 （通知）Ifyou’reinterestedintheposition，pleasesubmityourapplicationtotheschoolofficebefore28thDecember.★submitsth.to...向……提交某物submit（oneself）to（doing）sth.屈服/順從于（做）某事★submissionn.提交，呈遞；屈服4sensitiveadj.敏感的，易生氣的；善解人意的；靈敏的；過敏的4.[北師必修②－6]Empathymeansyoutrytoputyourselfinothers’shoesandbeawareofandsensitivetotheirfeelings.5.他很敏感，而且相當(dāng)嚴(yán)肅，生活中很少有朋友和他交流。 （人物介紹）He’ssensitiveandratherserious，withfewfriendsinhislifetocommunicatewith.★besensitiveto/about對……敏感，忌諱……besensitiveto對……體貼/易過敏/靈敏★sensibleadj.明智的；合理的5toleratevt.忍受（putupwith）；包容；容許1.Ican’ttoleratehisthrowing（throw）garbageeverywhereanymore！Thedisposalissohard.2.[譯林選必①－4]Thisopenandtolerant（tolerate）atmosphereallowedLiBaithelibertytodevelopafreeandunconstrainedpersonality，which，inturn，hadahugeimpactonhispoeticproduction.3.她沒有責(zé)備孩子，而是對他寬容地笑了笑，輕輕拍了拍他的肩膀。 （讀后續(xù)寫之神態(tài)、動作描寫）Insteadofblamingthechild，shegavehimatolerantsmileandpattedhimontheshoulder.★tolerate/putupwith（doing）sth.忍受（做）某事can’ttolerate/bear/stand（doing）sth.不能忍受（做）某事★tolerantadj.容忍的；寬容的betolerantof/towards...容忍/寬容……6onbehalfof代表（代替）；為了；為幫助1.我很高興代表我們學(xué)校邀請你觀看主題為"自然愛好者"的表演。 （邀請信）→①Onbehalfofourschool/Onourschool’sbehalf，I’mdelightedtoinviteyoutowatchtheperformancethemed"Naturelovers".（onbehalfof）→②Representingourschool，I’mdelightedtoinviteyoutowatchtheperformancethemed"Naturelovers".（represent）2.眾所周知，在中國傳統(tǒng)文化中，紅色代表幸福和吉祥。 （中國文化）Asisknowntousall，redstandsfor/representshappinessandluckintraditionalChineseculture.這里的"代表"為"象征"之意，可用standfor/represent，而不可用onbehalfof；表示"代表……的利益，作為……的代言人"時可用onbehalfof/represent?！飋nbehalfofsb./onone’sbehalf代表（代替）某人；為了某人；為幫助某人★其他表示"代表"的詞匯：representv.代表，作為……的代言人；象征；相當(dāng)于standfor代表，表示；支持，主張7dozensof許多；很多1.[人教必修③－1]Thenewlymarriedcouplereceiveddozens（dozen）oflettersofcongratulationfromtheirfriends.2.[人教選必③－4]Itriedtophoneyouthismorning.Imusthavetriedadozentimes（time）beforeIcaughtyouhere.3.Bythismorning，9peoplehavebeenconfirmeddeadanddozensofpeopleare（be）stillmissing.4.我們有二十幾名同學(xué)報名參加了比賽。Twodozenofourclassmatesenteredforthecontest.dozen后跟us，them，you這幾個代詞，或其后的復(fù)數(shù)名詞受these/those/the/my/名詞所有格等修飾時，dozen后必須加of，表示"部分與整體"的關(guān)系?！飀ozenn.（一）打，十二個；[pl.]許多★dozen前有表示數(shù)字意義的詞修飾時，不加-s，其后不用of。adozen＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)一打/十二個……；十來個……基數(shù)詞/several/many＋dozen＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)幾十個……8Thereislittle/nodoubtthat...幾乎沒有/毫無疑問……1.[人教選必④－4]Tobehonest，Idoubtwhether/ifI’mmakinganydifferencetotheseboys’livesatall.2.[外研選必②－6]ThereisnodoubtthathumankindisdrawntowardsMars，withdreamsofmakingitoursecondhome.3.毫無疑問，智能手機使我們與同學(xué)和家人的交流變得更加容易。→①Withoutdoubtsmartphonesmakeiteasierforustocommunicatewithourclassmatesandfamily.（介詞短語）→②Undoubtedly，smartphonesmakeiteasierforustocommunicatewithourclassmatesandfamily.（副詞）→③Thereisnodoubtthat/Nodoubt（that）smartphonesmakeiteasierforustocommunicatewithourclassmatesandfamily.（從句）★Thereislittle/nodoubtthat...中，that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，用于解釋說明doubt的內(nèi)容?！飀oubtn.懷疑，不確定＋同位語從句doubtwhether...（一般不用if）nodoubtthat...withoutdoubt毫無疑問，的確★doubtv.懷疑，不確定＋賓語從句doubtwhether/if...notdoubt（that）...★doubtfuladj.懷疑；未必；懸而未定undoubtedlyadv.無疑9without引起的虛擬語氣1.[北師選必①－3]沒有森林，我們就沒有呼吸的空氣；沒有干凈的水，我們就無法生存。Withoutforests，wewouldhavenoairtobreathe，andwithoutcleanwaterwewould/should/couldbeunabletosurvive.2.如果沒有你及時的幫助，我的英語口語就不會有很快的進步。 （感謝信）Withoutyourtimelyhelp，Iwould/should/couldnothavemaderapidprogressinmyoralEnglish.3."要是我沒有睡著就好了！"他充滿了內(nèi)疚和遺憾。"IfonlyIhadn’tfallenasleep！"Hewasfilledwithguiltandregret.（ifonly）4.那位陌生人耐心地把他帶到畫廊。否則，他就會錯過這次展覽。Thestrangerpatientlyguidedhimtothegallery.Otherwise，hecould/should/wouldhavemissedtheexhibition.（otherwise）★without＋n./pron.可以引起虛擬語氣，句子謂語動詞（以do為例）如下：would/might/could/shoulddo（與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硎聦嵪喾吹募僭O(shè)）would/might/could/shouldhavedone（與過去事實相反的假設(shè)）★有類似用法的還有：with，butfor，ifonly，otherwise，or等。Ⅰ.語法填空——詞形轉(zhuǎn)換、固定搭配、易錯動詞變形1.[2023新高考Ⅰ]Cyclingisthemosteconomical，sustainable（sustain）andfunwaytoexplorethecity，withitsbeautifulcanals，parks，squaresandcountlesslights.2.[2023全國乙]EventhoughBritainhasareputationforless-than-impressivecuisine，itisproducingmoretopclasschefswhoappearfrequently（frequent）onourtelevisionscreens...3.[2023全國乙]Cookeryshowsanddocumentariesaboutfoodarebroadcast（broadcast）moreoftenthanbefore.4.[2021北京]Youmustshowproofofacomprehensive（comprehend）healthinsurancevalid（有效的）inthetargetcountryfortheentireperiodoftheinternship.句意：你必須出示在整個實習(xí)期間在目標(biāo)國家有效的綜合健康保險證明。5.[2020浙江]TodothisIhavesearchedthroughdozens（dozen）ofplaystofindtheonesthatIthinkbestshowthepowerandpurposeoftheshortplay.6.[天津高考]Submitatopicproposaltoyourhistoryteacher.Theteachermayrequireasecondproposalifthefirstisoff-topicorunclear.7.[江蘇高考]Butheisalsoworkingatafarmorefundamentallevel：hisstaffshowpeoplehowtomakefloatinggardensandfishpondstopreventstarvation（starve）duringthewetseason.Ⅱ.閱讀理解——一詞多義、熟詞生義1.A.音量 B.書 C.量，額①[2023新高考Ⅱ]Adultsareportrayed（描繪）aloneinmanysettingsandposes—absorbedinavolume，deepinthoughtorlostinamomentofleisure. B②[2020北京]Forexample，algorithms（算法）carryouthugevolumesoftradingonourfinancialmarkets，self-drivingcarsareappearingoncitystreets... C③[北京高考]WithTVEarswirelesstechnology，yousetyourownheadsetvolume，whileotherTVlistenershearthetelevisionatavolumelevelthat’scomfortableforthem. Avolume還有"容量；（書籍的）卷，冊"之意。如：☆jarsofdifferentvolumes不同容量的罐子☆thefirstvolumeofhisautobiography他自傳的第一卷☆alibraryofover50，000volumes藏書5萬多冊的圖書館2.[2021北京]We’renowbuildingaclockattheAnchorageMuseumthatreflectsthetotalflowofseveralmajorAlaskanrivers，whicharesensitivetolocalandglobalenvironmentalchanges. adj.靈敏的這里說的是正在制作的表（clock）對當(dāng)?shù)丶叭虻沫h(huán)境變化很靈敏，能夠反映阿拉斯加幾條主要河流的總流量。3.[北京高考]Climatechangewillfuelthegrowthofphytoplanktoninsomeareas，whilereducingitinotherspots，leadingtochangesintheocean’sappearance. v.刺激，增強fuel作動詞時，還有"給（交通工具）加油"之意，如：Theplanewasalreadyfuelled（up）andreadytogo.飛機已加好油，準(zhǔn)備起飛。fuel作名詞時，還有個常見用法：addfuelto"（對……）火上澆油"。如：Hisremarkssimplyaddedfueltothefire/flamesofheranger.他的話只是給她的憤怒火上澆油。Ⅲ.寫作——基礎(chǔ)寫作、讀后續(xù)寫寫作一基礎(chǔ)寫作——環(huán)保宣傳[北京高考]假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三一班的學(xué)生李華。你班同學(xué)參加了學(xué)校的"地球日"系列活動。請按照以下四幅圖的先后順序，以"ActionsforaGreenerEarth"為題，給?？?英語角"寫一篇英文稿件，介紹活動的全過程。提示詞：地球日EarthDay◎?qū)懽饕c1.一年一度的"地球日"前一周，我們學(xué)校周圍張貼了海報，呼吁我們加入全球行動，共同創(chuàng)造一個更加綠色的地球。（annual，worldwide）AweekbeforeannualEarthDay，posterswereputuparoundourschool，callinguponustojoinintheactionsworldwideforagreenerearth.2.我們把舊衣物、紙板和空塑料瓶帶到教室，把它們變成了許多娃娃、手袋、紙巾盒和小花瓶。（dozensof）Webroughttoourclassroomworn-outclothes，piecesofcardboardandemptyplasticbottles，andturnedthoseintodozensofdolls，handbags，tissueboxesandsmallvases.3.那個周末，我們抓住機會去了附近的一個社區(qū)，把它們送了出去。（seize）Thatweekend，weseizedtheopportunitytovisitanearbyneighborhoodandgavethemaway.4.所有人都笑著收下了那些意想不到的禮物，一片和諧，尤其是小孩子和老人。（harmony）Allacceptedthoseunexpectedgiftswithbigsmilesinharmony，especiallylittlekidsandelderlypeople.5.我們做得非常好，以至于我們班長獲邀代表班級向全校分享我們的想法和經(jīng)歷。（onbehalfof）Wedidsowellthatourmonitorwasinvitedtoshareourideasandexperienceonbehalfofourclasswiththewholeschool.◎連句成篇請運用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞將以上寫作要點串聯(lián)成一篇語意連貫的短文。AweekbeforeannualEarthDay，posterswereputuparoundourschool，callinguponustojoinintheactionsworldwideforagreenerearth.Ourclasscameupwiththeideaofmakingbetteruseofusedmaterials.Webroughttoourclassroomworn-outclothes，piecesofcardboardandemptyplasticbottles，andturnedthoseintodozensofdolls，handbags，tissueboxesandsmallvases.Thatweekend，weseizedtheopportunitytovisitanearbyneighborhoodandgavethemaway.Allacceptedthoseunexpectedgiftswithbigsmilesinharmony，especiallylittlekidsandelderlypeople.Wedidsowellthatourmonitorwasinvitedtoshareourideasandexperienceonbehalfofourclasswiththewholeschool.Weareveryproudofourselvesandbelievewecandomoreforabetterworld.寫作二讀后續(xù)寫——動作描寫之各種"看"積累背誦仿寫運用單詞watch，glance瞥，notice注意，observe觀察，spot發(fā)現(xiàn)，scan掃視，peek偷看根據(jù)左欄素材完成下列各句1.托尼·雷德蒙怒視著他，臉都變了形，氣得刷白。TonyRedmondwasglaringathim，andhisfacecontorted，whitewithrage.2.我們都聚在電視機前，希望能看一眼他的臉。Weallgatheredinfrontofthetelevision，hopingtocatchaglimpseofhisface.3.聽到門把手轉(zhuǎn)動的聲音，他向門看去。原來他的媽媽提前下班回來了。他興奮地從座位上跳了起來。Heturnedhiseyestothedoorwhenheheardthehandleturning.Itturnedoutthathismotherreturnedfromworkearly.Heleapedfromhisseatwithgreatexcitement.4.詹娜和父親交換了一下眼色，然后都忍不住偷偷地笑了。Jennaexchangedglanceswithherfatherandtheycouldn’thelpbutsmilesecretly.5.愛麗絲從眼角的余光看到湯姆走過，但是她沒有抬頭打招呼。她還在為他前一天做的事生氣。AlicespottedTomwalkingbyoutofthecornerofhereyebutshedidn’traisehereyestosayhello.Shewasstillmadathimforwhathehaddonethedaybefore.6.約翰使勁沖瑪麗眨眼，用口型不出聲地對她說了些什么。瑪麗立馬心領(lǐng)神會，起身朝廚房走去。Johnblinked/winkedwildlyatMaryandsilentlymouthedsomething.Marygothimimmediatelyandstoodupheadingforthekitchen.詞組1.glareat怒目而視2.seesth.outofthecornerofone’seye偶然瞟見3.blink/winkat朝……眨眼4.catchaglimpseof看一眼5.catchsightof看見6.takeaquick/closelookat快速瀏覽/仔細(xì)看7.exchangeglances交換眼色8.narrowone’seyes瞇起眼9.turnone’seyesto朝……看10.looksb.intheeye直視某人11.eyesb.upanddown上下打量某人12.fix/focusone’seyeson注視佳句1.Iglancedbackovermyshouldertomakesurethatnoonewasfollowingme.我回頭看了一眼以確保沒有人跟蹤我。2.Hedarenotlookmestraightintheeye，butinsteadhiseyesdroppedtohisfeet.他不敢直視我的眼睛，反而垂下眼睛看著自己的腳。3.Whiledoingmyhomework，IliftedmyeyesaccidentallyandsawMomsittingtherestaringatmewithagentlesmileonherlips.我在寫作業(yè)時，不經(jīng)意抬頭看見媽媽坐在那里目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地看著我，嘴角掛著一抹溫柔的微笑。4.Thoughhereyeswerefulloftears，shekeptaneyeonherfather’sexpression.她眼中噙滿淚水，卻留意著她父親的神情。一、閱讀理解A[生態(tài)環(huán)保/2023江西南昌一模]Anewstudysuggeststhatpollutionofallkindskillsnearly9millionpeopleworldwideeachyear.Airpollutionfromindustrialprocessesandtheexpansionofcitiesaccountedforabout75％ofthedeaths，researchersfound.Thestudywasbasedonexaminationsofworldwidedeathratesandpollutionlevels.Thestudyseparatedtraditionalpollutantsfrommodernpollutants.Examplesoftraditionalpollutantsareindoorsmokeorwastewater.Modernpollutantsincludeairpollutionfromvehiclesorindustrialactivitiesandpoisonouschemicals.Theresearchersfoundthatdeathsfromtraditionalpollutantsaredroppingworldwide.ButtheyremainamajorprobleminAfricaandsomeotherdevelopingcountries.Insomecountries，stateprogramstocutindoorairpollutionandimprovementsinsanitation（衛(wèi)生設(shè)備）havehelpedreducedeathrates.InEthiopiaandNigeria，forexample，sucheffortscutdeathsbytwo-thirdsbetween2000and2019，thestudyfound.Modernkindsofpollutionarerisinginmostcountries，especiallydevelopingones，theresearcherssaid.Deathscausedbymodernpollutants—heavymetals，agriculturalchemicalsandcarbonemissions—are"skyrocketing"，saidstudyco-writerRachaelKupka.SheheadstheNewYork-basedGlobalAllianceonHealthandPollution.Kupkasaiddeathslinkedtomodernpollutantshadrisenby66％since2000."Ninemilliondeathsarealotofdeaths，"PhilipLandrigantoldtheAssociatedPressaboutthestudy’sresults.HeisdirectoroftheGlobalPublicHealthProgramandGlobalPollutionObservatoryatBostonCollegeinMassachusetts."Thebadnewsisthatit’snotdecreasing，"Landriganadded."We’remakinggainsintheeasystuff，andwe’reseeingthemoredifficultstuff—outdoorindustrialairpollutionandchemicalpollution—stillgoingup."Thestudymakesseveralsuggestionsforwaystocutthenumberofdeaths.Theseincludecreatingbetterrecordingandreportingmethodsandstrongergovernmentpoliciestoreducepollutionlinkedtoindustrialactivitiesandvehicleemissions."Weabsolutelyknowhowtosolvepollutionproblems，"saidstudyco-authorRichardFuller."What’smissingispoliticalwill."本文主要講述了一項新的研究，該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)每年死于環(huán)境污染的人數(shù)眾多，且現(xiàn)代化污染還在加劇。文章還提到了研究人員的一些相關(guān)看法和提議?！驹~語積累】expansionn.擴張，擴展，擴大，膨脹accountfor（數(shù)量、比例上）占poisonousadj.有毒的1.Whatcanbelearnedfromthestudyaboutpollution？A.Airpollutionkilled9millionpeoplelastyear.B.Cuttingindoorairpollutionisthebestpolicy.C.TraditionalpollutionisveryseriousinNigeria.D.Traditionalpollutantscauselessdeaththanbefore.解析D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的"Theresearchersfoundthatdeathsfromtraditionalpollutantsaredroppingworldwide"可知，世界范圍內(nèi)傳統(tǒng)污染物造成的死亡人數(shù)在下降，換句話說，就是比以前少了，故D項正確。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"skyrocketing"inparagraph3probablymean？A.Improving. B.Increasing.C.Reducing. D.Worsening.解析B詞義猜測題。由畫線詞后的"deathslinkedtomodernpollutantshadrisen66％since2000"可知，現(xiàn)代化污染物造成的死亡人數(shù)在上升，故B項與畫線詞在意思上最為接近。3.WhatcanbeinferredfromPhilipLandrigan’swords？A.Itiseasytofightmodernpollution.B.Outdoorairpollutionisdecreasing.C.Modernpollutionstillconcernspeople.D.Itishardtotellthereasonsforpollution.解析C推理判斷題。由第四段中PhilipLandrigan所說的話可知，900萬的死亡人數(shù)是一個很大的數(shù)字，且還存在更麻煩的事物——戶外工業(yè)空氣污染和化學(xué)污染還在增加。由第二段第三句話可知，兩者均為現(xiàn)代化污染，所以此處是說現(xiàn)代化污染還在加劇。據(jù)此可以推斷，PhilipLandrigan認(rèn)為現(xiàn)代化污染仍在困擾著人們，故C項正確。4.Whatmightbetalkedaboutintheparagraphthatfollows？A.Methodstoreducepollution.B.Thegovernment’sresponsetopollution.C.Suggestionsforindustrialactivities.D.Thedamagecausedbyvehicleemissions.解析B推理判斷題。由最后一段中的"What’smissingispoliticalwill"和行文邏輯可以推斷，最后一段既然提到了現(xiàn)在還缺乏政治意愿，那么接下來應(yīng)該會講到政策（政府）方面對污染的回應(yīng)，故B項正確。B[2024安徽六校開學(xué)測試]This3-milestretchofsandandtidepoolsbeneathafortressof80-footbluffsisaCaliforniatourismposterifthereeverwasone.Nothingdisturbstheperfect，sunnyview，except—onceyounoticethem—microplasticparticles.Butyouhavetolookclose—on-your-hands-and-kneesclose—toseeone.Andonceyoudo，youseeanotherandanother—somanythatyoumaynotthinkofthis，oranybeach，inthesamewayagain.Thesetinypreproductionplasticballsthatmanufacturersmeltdowntoformeverythinghavebeenescapingfactories，containerships，trains，trucksandpublicnoticefordecades.The2-to3-millimetermulticoloredballsareasubset（子集）ofmicroplasticparticleslessthan5millimetersinsize.Microplasticparticlesaccumulatewherewatertakesthem，andthey’vebeenfoundonshorelinesofeverycontinent.MarkMcReynoldsisanenvironmentalscientistwho’snowjoinedaglobalmovementstudyingtheirtrailintotheenvironment.Establishingabaselinecountofthepresenceofmicroplasticparticles—and，morebroadly，anymicroplastics—isthefocusofDrMcReynolds’scientificstudyhere.Chartingthecountandnotingtide，currentandweatherconditionswillshowifamountsareincreasing，andperhapsatwhatrateandwhy.Thatknowledge，hesays，caninformsolutionstoplasticpollutionsuchasregulationoftheiruse."Whatareyoudoing？Pickinguptrash？"asksasteadystreamofbeachwalkerswheneverDrMcReynolds’crewwalksontothebeachandsetsupequipment.TheseareteachablemomentsforDrMcReynolds.Onerecentmorninghetoldsomebeachwalkershowmicroplasticparticlesarebelievedtoabsorbtoxicchemicals，and—becausetheyresemblefisheggs—areeatenbyfishandbirdsandenterthefoodchain.Almostrightontime，aseagullhoppeduptoaplastic-coatedphotoofmicroplasticparticlesandhungrilypecked（啄食）atit.Willhisworkhelpsavetheworld？DrMcReynoldswavesafingeratthatidea，"Iwon’teverusethatword—Iwon’tsavetheworldfromthispollutionproblem.Protectit，yes.Wewanttotakecareofit."微塑料顆粒因為體積小，很久以來一直被人類忽視，但其實它們對地球生物有著極其可怕的影響。為了更好地保護地球，環(huán)境科學(xué)家McReynolds以及他的團隊正在進行一項研究。【詞語積累】particlen.顆粒meltdown熔化accumulatev.堆積，積聚，積累establishv.確定，建立resemblev.看起來像【熟詞生義】1.escape常用義：v.逃跑文中義：v.被忽視2.chart常用義：n.圖表文中義：v.記錄，跟蹤1.Whatcanweknowaboutmicroplasticparticlesfromparagraph1？A.Theyaretoosmalltobeseen.B.Theyareproductsofplasticballs.C.Theyhavebeenignoredforlong.D.Theycanbemadeintoalmostnothing.解析C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的"Thesetinypreproductionplasticballs...havebeenescaping...publicnoticefordecades"可知，本題選C項。2.WhatdoesDrMcReynoldsfocusoninhisstudy？A.Classifyingplasticparticlesintosubsets.B.Findingsolutionstoplasticpollution.C.Chartingthetidesandcurrentsofoceans.D.Gettingtoknowthebasicamountsofmicroplastics.解析D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段的"Establishingabaselinecount...DrMcReynolds’scientificstudyhere"可知，本題選D項。3.Whatdoesaseagull’speckingatthepictureprove？A.Theinterestingteachablemoments.B.Theharmfuleffectofmicroplasticparticles.C.Thespreadofpoisonouschemicals.D.Thebeautyofthephotoofmicroplasticparticles.解析B推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段的"howmicroplasticparticlesarebelieved...hungrilypecked（啄食）atit"可知，微塑料顆粒會吸收有毒的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，且因為它們看上去像魚卵，它們會被魚類和鳥類吃掉，從而進入食物鏈。結(jié)合以上信息不難推知，海鷗的舉動正好說明了微塑料顆粒的危害，故選B項。4.WhatdoesDrMcReynoldsexpectofhiswork？A.Toinspirethepublic.B.Totestsolutions