Unit 8 語法思維導圖及專練八年級英語上冊基礎知識專項

Unit8Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake?（語法講練）【知識導圖】【要點拓展】1.表示“某國人”的名詞，其復數(shù)通常有三種形式：（1）單復數(shù)同形，如：aChinese（一個中國人）、twoChinese（兩個中國人）。這類名詞有Japanese,Swiss等。（2）在詞尾加s，如：aGerman（一個德國人）、sixGermans（六個德國人）。這類名詞有American、Russian等。（3）將單詞中的man、woman分別變成men、women，如：anEnglishman（一個英國人）、threeEnglishmen（三個英國人）。這類名詞有Dutchman、Englishwoman等。2.名詞單數(shù)和復數(shù)的一些特殊情況（1）有些名詞一般只用復數(shù)形式。常見的有trousers（褲子）、shoes（鞋子）、socks（短襪）、jeans（牛仔褲）、glasses（眼鏡）、clothes（衣服）、stairs（樓梯）、chopsticks（筷子）等。She’sgotniceglasses.她戴了一副好看的眼鏡。（2）有些以-s結(jié)尾的名詞，它們不是名詞的復數(shù)。常見的有maths（數(shù)學）、physics（物理）、politics（政治）等。Mathsisoneofthemostpopularsubjectsinourclass.在我們班數(shù)學是最受歡迎的學科之一。（3）集體名詞既可以作單數(shù)，也可以作復數(shù)。集體名詞看作整體時，應為單數(shù)；看作整體中的各個成員時，應為復數(shù)。ThefamilynowliveinLondon.那家人現(xiàn)居倫敦。Almosteveryfamilyinthecountryownsatelevision.這個國家?guī)缀跫壹叶加幸慌_電視機。（4）有些名詞（如people、police等）指多數(shù)人，應看作復數(shù)。Howmanypeoplewereatthemeeting?有多少人到會？Thepolicearelookingforthemissingchild.警察正在尋找那個丟失的孩子。3.不可數(shù)名詞的計量（1）可以在不可數(shù)名詞前加little、alittle、much、alotof、lotsof、some、any、plentyof、agood/greatdealof、abitof、most等修飾詞或短語來計量。Therewasmuchdiscussionaboutthereasonsforthefailure.就失敗的原因進行了大量的討論。（2）也可以在不可數(shù)名詞前加量詞來計量。?？捎脕韺Σ豢蓴?shù)名詞計量的短語有：apieceof（一片/段/塊……）、acup/glassof（一杯……）、abottleof（一瓶……）、abagof（一袋……）、aboxof（一盒……）等。Shewrotesomethingonasmallpieceofpaper.她在一小片紙上寫了點什么。（3）對計量不可數(shù)名詞的量詞的數(shù)量提問，要用howmany。Therearetwoglassesoforangejuiceonthetable.→Howmanyglassesoforangejuicearethereonthetable?【奇思巧計】單數(shù)變復數(shù)，多數(shù)在詞尾加“-s”；單數(shù)變復數(shù)，多數(shù)在詞尾加“-s”；-s、-x、-ch、-sh結(jié)尾的，應加-es；輔音字母加“-o”結(jié)尾的，加“-s”或“-es”；輔音字母加“-y”結(jié)尾的，變“y”為“i”再加“-es”；若是“f/fe”結(jié)尾的，變?yōu)椤皏”再加“-es”；有些名詞不規(guī)則，必須單獨記。【同步檢測】一、單項選擇1．Ineedthree_______.A．teaspoonofhoney B．teaspoonsofhoneysC．teaspoonsofhoney D．teaspoonofhoneys2．—________waterwouldyoulike?—I’dlikethree________.A．Howmany;bottlesofwaters B．Howmuch;bottleofwaterC．Howmany;bottlesofwater D．Howmuch;bottlesofwater3．Ican’tlearnEnglishwell.Couldyougivemesome________?A．a(chǎn)dvice B．money C．jokes D．information4．—Let’shavesandwichesforlunch!Doyoulikesome________inyoursandwich?—No,Idon’tlikeit.A．eggs B．butter C．tomatoes D．chickens5．Weneedsome________andtwo________tomakeamilkshake.A．bananas,cupofmilk B．bananas,cupsofmilk C．banana,milk6．Mygrandmadoesverywellinmaking________ricewith________.A．mutton;carrot B．muttons;carrot C．mutton;carrots D．muttons;carrots7．Wereadnewspapersandwecanget________.A．manyinformationsB．muchinformationC．a(chǎn)fewinformationD．a(chǎn)littleinformations8．Ihavesome________totellyou.A．pieceofnews B．piecesofnews C．pieceofnew D．piecesofnewses9．—________honeydoweneed?—Two________.A．Howmany;teaspoons B．Howmuch;teaspoonC．Howmany;teaspoon D．Howmuch;teaspoons10．Pleasegivehim________.A．twobreads B．twopieceofbread C．twobread D．twopiecesofbread11．Hewasadvisedtoeatfewerhamburgersanddrink________colatokeepfit.A．less B．fewer C．much D．more12．—Areallthestudentsfrom________inyourclass?―No,thereareonlythree________inourclass.Theothersarefromothercountries.A．Germans;Germany B．Germany;German C．Germany;Germans13．Bothoftheladieswanttobe________.A．busesdrivers B．womenteacher C．womancooks D．womendoctors14．Americansuse________andforkstoeat.A．knives B．knife C．a(chǎn)knife15．Therearefour________andtwo________inthegroup.A．Japanese,GermanB．Japanese,GermenC．Japaneses,German D．Japanese,Germans16．There’slittle________inthefridge.Let’sgoandbuysomeforbreakfast.A．tomato B．potato C．egg D．milk17．I’mhungry.Pleasegiveme________.A．a(chǎn)bread B．somebreads C．a(chǎn)pieceofbread D．twopieceofbread18．Ineedtwo________tomakefruitsalad.A．spoonofhoney B．HoneyC．spoonsofhoney19．TheEastLakehasbecomeverydirty.________fishhavedied.A．Alot B．Much C．Lotof D．Many20．Theoldmancarried________and________.A．twobagsofrice;abagofapple B．twobagofrices;abagofappleC．a(chǎn)bagofrices;twobagsofapple D．twobagsofrice;abagofapples二、用所給單詞的正確形式填空21．Childrenfinditinterestingtotakepartinallkindsofafter-school.(activity)22．Thismorningmymotherboughttwokilosof（tomato）.23．Moreandmore(tour)arecomingtoenjoytheamazingscenesofthelake.24．Studentsoftenhavealotofproblemsand(worry).25．Myclassmateshavedifferentandweenjoyourselvesoften.(hobby)26．Takecareofyour,oryou’llhaveatoothache.(tooth)27．Canyoutellmeany（different）betweenAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglish?28．—Aretheumbrellasbehindthedoorthose(visit)?—I’mnotsure.I’llaskthemlater.29．Thegreen(leaf)starttoturngoldinSeptember.30．Theofthesingingcompetitionaretakingphotosoverthere.(win)【真題鏈接】1．（2023·甘肅甘南·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Threefifthsoftheteachersinourschoolare________.A．manteachers B．menteachers C．womenteacher2．（2023·湖南邵陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Whatanimalsdidyouseeonthefarm,Tom?—Isawsome________.A．rabbit B．ducks C．sheeps3．（2023·湖南岳陽·中考真題）Yueyangisoneofthetop10mostbeautiful________inChinathisyear.A．city B．cities C．citys4．（2022·西藏·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Moreandmore________wanttolearnaboutChineseculture.A．Germans B．German C．Germany D．Germans’5．（2022·廣西桂林·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Billhasgottwo________.A．sister B．brothers C．student6．（2022·湖南益陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Look!Therearesome________eatinggrassonthehill.A．sheep B．cow C．horse7．（2022·湖南湘西·統(tǒng)考中考真題）I’mnothungryatallbecauseIjustatemuch________.A．a(chǎn)pples B．bananas C．bread8．（2022·湖南邵陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Wouldyoulikesome________?—Yes,madam.A．egg B．juice C．milkteas9．（2021·西藏·統(tǒng)考中考真題）All________receivedfreshflowersonWomen’sDay.A．womanteacher B．womanteachers C．womenteachers D．womenteacher10．（2021·湖南湘西·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Howmuchhoneydoweneed?—Let’ssee.Two________.A．spoonsofhoney B．spoonofhoneys C．spoonsofhoneys11．（2021·廣西河池·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Lisa,couldyouhelpmebuysome________onyourwayhome?—Ok,mom.A．egg B．beef C．banana D．potato12．（2021·四川廣元·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Threefifthsoftheteachersinourschoolare________.A．manteachers B．menteachers C．womanteachers D．womenteacher13．（2021·黑龍江大慶·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—CanIhelpyou?—Pleasegiveme________aboutthetrainstoDaqing.A．a(chǎn)fewinformationsB．a(chǎn)littleinformationsC．a(chǎn)littleinformation D．a(chǎn)fewinformation14．（2021·廣西百色·統(tǒng)考中考真題）UncleLihasafarm,therearesome________onthefarm.A．chickenandsheep B．chickensandsheepsC．chickensandsheep D．chickenandsheeps15．（2021·湖南岳陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Weseesome________risingintotheairattheopeningofournewlibrary.A．balloons B．balloon C．balloones16．（2021·重慶·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Therearemany________teachersinthisprimaryschool.A．woman B．woman’s C．women D．women’s17．（2021湖南岳陽·中考真題）Nobodythoughtitwaseasytofinishsomuchwokin________.A．twodays’time B．two-daystimeC．twoday’stime D．twodaystime18．（2020·內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Whatwouldyouliketoeat,honey?—__________.A．ChickenwithvegetablesandtwobowlsofricesB．ChickenwithvegetablesandtwobowlsofriceC．ChickenswithvegetablesandtwobowlsofriceD．Chickenswithvegetableandtwobowlsofrices19．（2020·廣西柳州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Look!Therearesome_____________onthetable.A．bananas B．orange C．water20．（2020·湖南邵陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—CanIhelpyou,Madam?—Yes.I’dlikesome____________.A．pears B．banana C．milks21．（2020·湖南郴州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Duringtheepidemic(疫情)many________inourcitywenttoHubeiProvinceasvolunteers.A．womandoctor B．womandoctors C．womendoctors22．（2020·黑龍江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Wouldyoupleasegivemesome________onhowtolearnEnglishwell?A．a(chǎn)dvices B．suggestion C．a(chǎn)dvice23．（2020·貴州黔南·統(tǒng)考中考真題）About200__________wenttoseetheAsianFashionShowlastnight.A．German B．Australian C．Chinese D．American24．（2020·湖南懷化·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Spendingtoomuch______playingcomputergamesisbadforyour______.A．time;eye B．time;eyes C．times;eyes25．（2020·湖南湘西·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Annietookalotof___________withhermobilephonewhenshevisitedtheGreatWalllastsummerholiday.A．photo B．photoes C．photos26．（2020·湖南岳陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Mikedoesn’thaveenoughmoney,sohecanonlyafford____________.A．a(chǎn)bread B．toomuchbread C．a(chǎn)pieceofbread27．（2020·四川達州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—It’ssaidthatthetwo_________doctorshavejustcomebackfromWuhan.—Yeah,Iknowthem.Theyarebothalreadyintheir_________.A．woman；sixty B．women；sixtieth C．women；sixties D．woman；sixties28．（2020·貴州黔西·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Howmuch________doweneedtomakeabananamilkshake?A．bana