Unit2Grammarandusage1課件-高中英語牛津譯林版必修第三冊

Unit2Naturaldisasters(Grammarandusage)Leading-inWhatkindofnaturaldisastersareconnectedwithastrongstorm?Typhoon,hurricane,tornado…Whatshouldpeopledoduringastrongstorm?Stayinsideandcloseandlockallthewindowsanddoors.Listentotheradiotokeepinformedofwhatisgoingon...ReadthedialogueonPage20.Annaisinterviewingherteacher,MrLi,abouthisexperiencesduringahurricane.1參加一個會議2打開電視3有點(diǎn)震驚4使某人害怕5停電6用完補(bǔ)給7給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)捐贈食品和衣物8造成大量的損失和痛苦9過來幫忙attendaconferenceturnontheTVabitofshockscaresb

powerfailurerunoutofsuppliesdonatefoodandclothestocharitiesImportantwords&phrasescausealotofdamageandsufferingcometohelpAfterreading,pleaseanswerthefollowingquestions.Annaisinterviewingherteacher,MrLi,abouthisexperiencesduringahurricane.1.HowdidMrLiknowthatthehurricanewascoming?

FromthelocalnewsonTV.2.WhatmadeMrLiscaredduringthehurricane?Thepowerfailure.3.Ahurricaneisdestructive.Inwhatdetailscanweknowitisdestructiveinthistext?Pleasefindthemout.Theroadwasblocked.Theremaybethepowerfailure.Manyhugetreeslayacrossthestreetandwaterwasseeneverywhere.Therewasalotofdamageandsuffering.4.

Whatshouldwedowhenahurricanehits?First,weshouldstayinside,becausegoingoutsideduringahurricaneismuchtoodangerous.Second,weshouldprepareenoughfoodandwatertolastawholeweek.To-infinitivesasattributivesTo-infinitivesasadverbialsofresultIwasstayinginAtlanta,andthatwasoneofthecities

tobehit.Thatmorning,IturnedontheTVforsomelocalnews,onlytohearthatahurricanewasonitsway.

Task2Readthepassageaboutaninterviewandcompletethetasks(P20)Findthesentenceswithto-infinitivesIlookedoutofthewindow,onlytoseehugetreeslyingacrossthestreetandwatereverywhere.Therewasnothingformetodo.Ihadenoughfoodandwatertolastawholeweek.Whentheto-infintiveisusedasanattributive,itisoftenput

(before/after)thenounorpronounitmodifies.Whentheto-infintiveisusedasanadverbialofresult,itcanrefertoan__________(expected/unexpected)result.Inthiscase,weoftenuseonlybeforetheto-infinitive.afterunexpectedWorkingouttherules一、什么是“不定式”？不定式是動詞的一種非限定形式,由“to+動詞原形”構(gòu)成，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句中不能獨(dú)立作謂語。二、“不定式”有什么作用？WorkingouttherulesWhat’sthefunctionoftheto-infinitivesinthefollowingsentences?Duringastrongstorm,weshouldstayathomeandlistentotheradiotokeepinformedof

whatisgoingon.Besidesaradio,wecanhaveacomputerorasmartphone

toupdatetheinformation.

AdverbialofpurposeWorkingouttherulesWhat’sthefunctionoftheto-infinitivesinthefollowingsentences?Afterthestrongstorm,wewereveryamazed

toseethatourhousewasingoodconditionandourgrandparentswereverydelighted

toknowthatweweresafeandsound.Adverbialofresult標(biāo)題文本此處添加詳細(xì)文本描述，文字內(nèi)容建議與標(biāo)題相關(guān)盡量簡潔生動……標(biāo)題文本此處添加詳細(xì)文本描述，文字內(nèi)容建議與標(biāo)題相關(guān)盡量簡潔生動……標(biāo)題文本此處添加詳細(xì)文本描述，文字內(nèi)容建議與標(biāo)題相關(guān)盡量簡潔生動……Shesignalledherstudentstoexittheclassroominanorderlylinecoveringtheirheadswiththeirhands.Andtheheadmasteraskedthemtostayoutsideuntilthestormwasover.ObjectcomplementWhat’sthefunctionoftheto-infinitivesinthefollowingsentences?WorkingouttherulesWhat’sthefunctionoftheto-infinitivesinthefollowingsentences?Workingouttherules1.AliceBrown,headteacher,wasteachingwhenthefloorbegantoshake.2.Itwasverydangeroustostayinsideduringthehurricane.3.Myjobtodaywastokeepthestudentcalmoutside.ObjectSubjectPredicativeConclusionWhatarethefunctionsofto-infinitive?ObjectSubjectPredicativeAttributiveAdverbialofresultAdverbialofpurposeAdverbialofreason但不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，在句中可以作主語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、表語、定語、狀語(結(jié)果，原因，目的)等。動詞不定式作定語和結(jié)果狀語To-infinitivesasattributivesandadverbialsofresultGothroughthenotesonpage98andpage99.只能用動詞不定式作定語的情況例：1.Pleasemakeaneffort

tocatchthebus.2.Hemadeapromise

tocomehereontimetomorrow.1.當(dāng)修飾的名詞是ability,ambition,attempt,chance,courage,desire,decision,effort,failure,moment,promise,right,time,wish…（一些表示企圖、努力、愿望、打算、能力

等意義的名詞）只能用動詞不定式作定語的情況例：1.Hewasthefirstonetothinkoftheidea.2.Youaretheonlypersontobelate.3.Themanageristhelasttocometothemeeting.2.當(dāng)修飾的名詞前有theonly,thenext,thebest,thefirst,thelast,

以及由序數(shù)詞或形容詞最

高級修飾的名詞常常用不定式作定語。只能用動詞不定式作定語的情況例：1.Doyouhaveanything

tosay?2.Thereisnothing

toworry

about.3.Iwanttogetsomething

todrink.3.當(dāng)修飾的詞為something,nothing,anything

等不定代詞時。4.當(dāng)定語表示未來的還沒做的動作時。例：Thelettertobewrittenistomyfather.Themattertobediscussedisimportant.（二）作結(jié)果狀語不定式作狀語，用來修飾動詞、形容詞和副詞。1.動詞不定式表示結(jié)果時，其邏輯主語就是句子的主語。結(jié)果狀語常常只限于learn,find,see,hear,tobetold,make,turnouttobe等具有界限含義的動詞。

Hereturnedhometolearnhisdaughterhadjustbeenrescued.Dinosaurshavecompletelydiedoutontheearth,nevertobeseenagain.2.動詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語的結(jié)構(gòu)不定式常與only,enough或too連用，用于“too...to”，“enoughto...”，“onlytodo”句型中。例：Hestudiedhardonlytofailtheexam.Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.Sheissoproudastolookdownuponothers.現(xiàn)在分詞與不定式作結(jié)果狀語的區(qū)別例：1.HewenthometofindhisoldfriendGeorgeoutsidethedoor.2.Thechildfell,strikinghisheadagainstthedoorandcuttingit.動詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一種意想不到的結(jié)果；而現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一種順承的，必然造成的結(jié)果。PracticeTranslatethefollowingsentences.1.少吃點(diǎn)油炸食品是個好主意。2.你需要在安靜的地方學(xué)習(xí)。3.我告訴他不要放棄。4.你能給我一些可以寫字的紙嗎？5.我大聲朗讀來鍛煉我的發(fā)音。6.我跑到車站，卻被告知火車已經(jīng)離開了。Translatethefollowingsentences.1.少吃點(diǎn)油炸食品是個好主意。2.你需要在安靜的地方學(xué)習(xí)。3.我告訴他不要放棄。Itisagoodideatoeatlessfriedfood.Youneedtostudyataquietplace.Itoldhimnottogiveup.PracticeTranslatethefollowingsentences.4.你能給我一些可以寫字的紙嗎？5.我大聲朗讀來鍛煉我的發(fā)音。6.我跑到車站，卻被告知火車已經(jīng)離開了。Canyougivemesomepapertowriteon?Ireadloudlytopractisemypronunciation.Irantothestation,onlytobetoldthatthetrainhadalreadyleft.PracticeFinishexercisesConP64Checkinga.objectb.objectcomplementc.attributived.adverbialofpurposee.adverbialofresult______1I’msorrythatIcannotcometoyourbirthdayparty tomorrowasIhaveanimportantmeetingtoattend.______2Shehurriedtothecinema,onlytofindallthetickets

hadbeensoldout.______3Iaskyoutocompletethetaskonyourown.______4Toreachthesummit,weneedalocalguide.______5Wemustlearntowalkbeforewecanrun.______6I’mafraidtheywillhaveadifficultdecisiontomake.______7Toavoidlosingagoodfriend,youneedtoapologize

assoonaspossible.______8Helefthishometown,nevertobeheardfromagain.______9Weagreedtochangeourplanatthemeeting.______10Sheinvitedmetowatchafilm.HomeworkCheckinga.objectb.objectcomplementc.attributived.adverbialofpurposee.adverbialofresult______1I’msorrythatIcannotcometoyourbirthdayparty

tomorrowasIhaveanimportantmeetingtoattend.______2Shehurriedtothecinema,onlytofindallthetickets

hadbeensoldout.______3Iaskyoutocompletethetaskonyourown.______4Toreachthesummit,weneedalocalguide.______5Wemustlearntowalkbeforewecanrun.cebdaHomeworkCheckinga.objectb.objectcomplementc.attributived.adverbialofpurposee.adverbialofresult______6I’mafraidtheywillhaveadifficultdecisiontomake.______7Toavoidlosingagoodfriend,youneedtoapologizeassoonaspossible.______8Helefthishometown,nevertobeheardfromagain.______9Weagreedtochangeourplanatthemeeting.______10Sheinvitedmetowatchafilm.cd;aeab

Task3Readthepassageaboutaninterviewandcompletethetasks(P20)PleasecompletetheexercisesonPage21B1ecdbaB2tofindbooksabouthurricanesintheschoollibrarytofindhewasn’tintoattendtomakePPTslidesformyprojectB3wasactuallythefirsttoleavetokeepuswarmwantedtoreturnhomeassoonaspossibleonlytofinditcompletelydestroyedadvisedustotakeanactivepartintherebuildingConclusionAllfunctionsofto-infinitives1.Subjects

1)Toseeistobelieve.2)Toimproveyouroralenglishisyourpresenttask.2.Objects

1)Theyagreedtohandinimprovedmodeltomorrow.2)Thecharityhopestohelpallthepeopleinneed.Conclusion3.Attributives

1)Wehavemadeenvironmentalpoliciesforbusinesstoobserve.2)Ordinarypeoplehavealotofthings