暑假作業(yè)08閱讀理解（原卷版）

完成時(shí)間：月日天氣：作業(yè)08閱讀理解一、為什么要擴(kuò)充詞匯量詞匯是語(yǔ)言的基本單位，沒(méi)有詞匯，就沒(méi)有理解，更談不上意義的表達(dá)。當(dāng)然，這里的詞匯不僅僅是指一個(gè)單詞，它包括單詞和由單詞組成的固定短語(yǔ)、習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)、諺語(yǔ)、俗語(yǔ)、流行用語(yǔ)等，但有時(shí)一些詞匯的意思在不同的語(yǔ)境中意思迥異。因此，生詞的含義只有在閱讀中，即上下文語(yǔ)境中才能完全展現(xiàn)出來(lái)，并易于被識(shí)記、理解和掌握。換句話說(shuō)，是上下文給某個(gè)詞以特定含義，而這個(gè)特定含義有時(shí)是詞典無(wú)法提供的。多讀是擴(kuò)大詞匯量的好方法，不僅要讀不同體裁的文章，而且要多讀不同題材的文章，才能有效擴(kuò)大詞匯量，讓備考更高效。怎樣擴(kuò)充詞匯量(一)利用詞綴法記單詞 (二)利用詞根記單詞(三)利用逆序歸類記單詞 (四)利用一詞多用記單詞(五)利用熟詞僻義記單詞 (六)利用易錯(cuò)比較記單詞(七)“4角度”區(qū)分完形填空易錯(cuò)詞匯1．比較形近詞和義近詞，如：live;living;alive;lively。2．比對(duì)高頻易混短語(yǔ)的意義，如carryout;carryon等。(八)利用語(yǔ)境記憶詞匯 (九)通過(guò)閱讀記憶詞匯(十)積極應(yīng)用加強(qiáng)記憶做到“詞不離句，句不離文”。這樣，我們?cè)诓恢挥X(jué)中就能鞏固自己的詞匯。做到“詞不離句，句不離文”。這樣，我們?cè)诓恢挥X(jué)中就能鞏固自己的詞匯一江蘇昆山發(fā)生爆炸事故題材體裁難度詞匯建議用時(shí)實(shí)際用時(shí)正確率新聞熱點(diǎn)記敘文★★★★1776分鐘AnexplosionfromafactoryinKunshankilledatleast69peopleandmorethan120peoplegothurt.ChinasuffereditsworstindustrialaccidentinayearonSaturday.TheaccidenthappenedinKunshancity,JiangsuProvinceinChina.AndtheblastwasfromZhongrongMetalProductspany,whomakescarwheelsfortheU.S.TheKunshangovernmenttoldus264workersweretherewhentheexplosionhappenedand44diedimmediately.“Weheardareallyloudblastatabout7a.m.thismorningsowerushedoutofourrooms,”saidZhouXu,a26yearoldworkeratthatpany.Anotherworkersaid,“Firsttheambulancecameandthenmanywivesrushedtothefactorytoseeiftheirhusbandswereokay.”Now,ShanghaigovernmentissendingdoctorstoKunshantosavetheinjured.Andthedoctorsaidthenumberofthedeadmayincrease.Chinesegovernmentislookingintothecauseofthedisaster.AndPresidentXiattachesgreatimportancetoit.Hesaid,“Thosefoundresponsiblemustbepunished”.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。()1.Howmanypeoplediedintheindustrialaccident?A.69. B.120. C.189. D.Morethan69.()2.Wheredidthisaccidenthappen?A.KunshangcityinHunanprovince. B.KunshangcityinJiangsuprovince.C.ShanghaicityinChina.D.KunshanginShanghaicity.()3.WhoisZhonXu?A.TheleaderinZhongrongMetalProductspany.B.AworkerinZhongrongMetalProductspany.C.SomeoneworksforKungshanggovernment.D.Thewifeofoneoftheinjured.()4.Whathappenedwhentheaccidenthappen?A.Workersrushedoutoftheirrooms。B.Ambulancecame.C.Wivesrushedtothefactorytomakesurethesafetyoftheirhusband。D.Alloftheabove.()5.Wecanknowfromthedoctorthat________.A.therewillbemoredeadsB.therewillbelessdeadsC.manyinjuredcanbesavedD.doctorscan’tdoanythingfortheinjured二美國(guó)接其伊波拉病毒患者回國(guó)治療題材體裁難度詞匯建議用時(shí)實(shí)際用時(shí)正確率新聞熱點(diǎn)記敘文★★★★2106分鐘 Peoplewillhaveasenseoffearwhentheyhearabout“Ebolavirus”.Ebolavirusisakindofhorribledisease.Itmaycausedeath,andwhat’sworse?Itishighlyinfectious.Ifapersonhasthisvirus,heorshewillpassittoothersaroundthem.Sofar,therehasnotbeenanyeffectivetreatmenttokillthisvirus.Theonlywaytoavoiditistoisolatethepatientsfromthepublic. Hereisapieceofsurprisingnewsthatcanfortbothpatientsandthepublic.ThereisanAmericandoctorcalledKentBrantly,infectedwiththeEbolavirus.HeisoneofthetwoseriouslyillAmericans.HeissupposedtobeisolatedinWestAfricawherehecaughtEbolavirus.Butnow,aidsofficialssayaplaneistakingDr.KenttotheU.S.HewillreceivetreatmentsinAtlanta'sEmoryUniversityHospital.Andlater,thesecondpatientwillalsobethere. ItwillbethefirsttimethatAmericanbringanyoneinfectedwiththatdiseasebackintothecountry.AndU.S.officialsarefullofconfidence.Theyaresurethatthepatientscanbetreatedandthepublicwillnotworrysomuchaboutthatviruslikebefore.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。()1.Howdopeoplefeelwhentheyhearabout“Ebolavirus”? A.Happy. B.Afraid. C.Surprised. D.Excited.()2.WhatdoestheunderlinesentenceinParagraph2mean? A.Itisverysafe. B.Itcanbecuredeasily. C.Itcanbepassedaroundeasilytoothers. D.Itishardtobecured.()3.WhyisEbolavirushorrible?A.Becauseittakespeoplelotsofmoney.B.Becausepeoplewillneverbehealthyagainiftheycatchthisvirus.C.Becauseitcanmakepeopledieandthisviruscanbespreadeasily.D.Becauseanyonewiththisviruswilldie.()4.WhoisKentBrantly? A.HeisanAmericandoctorinfectedwithEbolavirus. B.HeisanAfricandoctorinfectedwithEbolavirus. C.HeisanAmericandoctorlookingfortreatmentsofEbolavirus. D.Heisanaidsofficial.()5.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout? A.Ebolavirusishorrible. B.ManypeoplearesufferingEbolavirus. C.PeopleareafraidofEbolavirus. D.TheU.S.isbringingitsEbolaviruspatientsbacktothecountrytoreceivetreatments.三云南發(fā)生6.3級(jí)地震題材體裁難度詞匯建議用時(shí)實(shí)際用時(shí)正確率新聞?dòng)洈⑽摹铩铩铩?206分鐘AstrongearthquakeinthemountainsofsouthwestChinaonSundaydestroyed12,000houses,buriedroadsandkilledatleast367people.Themagnitude6.1quakehappenedat4:30p.montheborderbetweenYunnanandSichuanprovinces.MaLiya,alocal,saidthestreetslookedlikea“battlefieldafterbombardment”aftertheearthquake.Peoplerushedout,housesweredestroyed,androads,electricityandmunicationswereallcutoff.Governmentsattachgreatimportancetothisdisaster.Theyaresparingnoefforttohelpthepeoplethere.Morethan2,500armieshavebeensenttothearea.TheRedCrossSocietyofChinahaveprovidedmanyquilts,jacketsandtentsforthosepeoplewhoweremadehomelessbythequake.WhileRedCrossbranchesinHongKong,MacauandneighboringSichuanprovincehavealsosentlotsofusefulthingsthere.Rescueteamsarethere.“Therearecountlesspeoplewaitingtoberescuedandrescueteamswereclearingtheroadswiththeirhands"saidMaoLihui,avolunteerononeoftherescueteams.TheWhiteHouseisalsoreadytohelp.ChinesestatebroadcasterCCTVsaiditwasthestrongestquakefor14yearsinthere.In1970,amagnitude7.7quakeinYunnankilledatleast15,000people.AquakeinSichuanin2008killedalmost70,000people.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。()1.Wheredidtheearthquakehappen?A.InthemountainsofnorthwestChina.B.OntheborderbetweenYunnanandSichuanprovinces.C.InLijiang,YunnanProvince.D.InWengchuan,SichuanProvince.()2.WhatdidMaLiyasuggestwhenshesaidthestreetslookedlikea"battlefieldafterbombardment?A.Therewasawarinthestreet.B.Thestreetwasveryquiet.C.Thestreetwasinahorridmess.D.Thereweresomanypeopleinthestreet.()3.Whatdidn’tpeopledoaftertheearthquake?A.Governmentsentarmiesthere.B.TheRedCrosstooklotsofthingsthere.C.WhileRedCrossbranchesinHongKong,MacauandneighboringSichuanprovinceofferedmanythings.D.TheWhiteHousewasthereforhelp.()4.Accordingtothepassage,thereisn’tanyearthquakeinChinain_________.A.1970 B.1990 C.2008 D.2014()5.Whichisthethebesttitleforthispassage?A.Astrong

earthquakehitChina’sYunnanProvinceB.China’sstrongestearthquakeC.ThestrongestearthquakeintheworldD.PeopleweremadehomelessbyaearthquakeinChina四孫梅艷培訓(xùn)將去沙特阿拉伯工作的護(hù)士題材體裁難度詞匯建議用時(shí)實(shí)際用時(shí)正確率人物記敘文★★★2465分鐘Livinginaforeigncountryisnotsoeasy,especiallyforthoseworkingoversea.Peoplemaymeetmanydifficultiesasthingsinanothercountryarequitedifferentfromthoseintheirowncountries.Theymayhavemoneyproblem,cultureproblem,transportationproblem,foodproblem,andlanguageproblemsandsoon. SunMeiyanisa33yearoldChinesenurse.ShemajoredinforeignnursingcareandshetookathreemonthlanguagecourseattheWeihaitrainingcenter.Thensheworkedinanoverseashospital,theAlmanaGeneralHospital.Withthisworkingexperience,wheninterviewersfromSaudiGermanHospitalcametoWeihaitohirenurses,theychoseSunwithouthesitation.Shewentthereandworkedasanurseforsevenyears.NowsheistrainingChinesenurseswhowanttoworkinSaudiArabiaattheShandongInternationalNurseTrainingCenterinWeihai,Shandongprovince. Suesharesknowledgeonlocallawsandculturewithherstudents."ThankstothesevenyearworkingexperienceinSaudiArabia,Iunderstandthecountry'slaws,cultureandlifestyleverywell,"Sunsaid.Ontheotherhand,aslanguageisthebiggestobstacletoforeignemployment,Sunalwaystellsherstudentstopaymoreattentiontolanguage.ShetellsthemthatbesidesEnglish,nurseswhowanttoworkinSaudiArabianeedtolearnsomeArabic.What’smore?InSaudiArabia,anurse'simageisasimportantasherprofessionalskills,soSuninstructsherstudentstowashandirontheiruniformeveryday.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。()1.HowmanydifficultiesdoesthewritermentioninParagraph2?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.()2.TherightorderofSun’sworkis___________.① workasanurseinAlmanaGeneralHospital② takeathreemonthlanguagetrainingcourse③ trainnurseswhowanttoworkinSaudiArabiainShandongprovince④ workinAlmanaGeneralHospitalA.②④①③ B.①③②④ C.②①④③ D.④③①②()3.What’sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?Workingoverseaisgood. B.Don’tworkoversea.C.SueistrainingthenurseswhowanttoworkinSaudiArabia.D.SuethinksiteasytoworkinSaudiArabia.()4.WhatlanguagesshouldthenurseslearninordertoworkinSaudiArabia?A.EnglishandFrench. B.FrenchandArabic.C.GermanyandArabic. D.EnglishandArabic.()5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Sunmajoredinforeignnursingcare.B.SunworkedinSaudiArabiaforsevenyears.C.Culturedifferenceisthebiggestproblemtoforeignemployment.D.NurseimageisasimportantastheirprofessionalskillsinSaudiArabia.五世界男女人口比例失衡題材體裁難度詞匯建議用時(shí)實(shí)際用時(shí)正確率文化說(shuō)明文★★★2425分鐘 Boysorgirls?Thatistoday’ssensitiveandhottopicallovertheworld. AccordingtoChina’scensus,118babyboyswerebornforevery100girlsin2010.Becauseofthisratio,manymeninChinawillfailtomarryawife.ThisserioussocialproblemisduetoChinesetraditionalopiniontowardsboysandgirls. Chinesefavorboysmuchmorethangirls.Theythinkthatmancandomorehardlaboroutsideandtheyareabletoearnmoremoney,whilewomenaresupposedtostayathome,doinghousework.Theotherreasonisthatboyscarryonthefamilynamewhentheygetmarried,whilegirlsdonotcarryonthebloodlinewhichisofgreatimportancetoChinesefamily.So,inthecountryside,manybabygirlsarekilledbeforetheyaregivenbirth. ThesameissueisalsogettingpopularinAmerica.Iftheywereonlyallowedtohaveonechild,moreAmericanswouldpreferitbeaboyratherthanagirl,anewsurveyfinds.TheGalluppollingagencytellusinthesurvey,fortypercentsaidtheywouldpickaboy,28percentsaidtheywouldwantagirl,andtherestdidn'tcarethebaby’sgenderortheywerenotsure. There’snowaytoknowhowmanysexselectiveabortionarethereintheworldeveryyear.Allweknowisthatwearelosingthegenderbalanceandsomemeasuresshouldbetaken.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。()1.AccordingtoChina'scensus_______________________.A.in2010,thenumberofbabyboysisthesamewiththatofbabygirlsB.in2010,therearemorebabyboysthanbabygirlsC.in2010,therearelessbabyboysthanbabygirlsD.in2010,therearemorebabygirlsthanbabyboys()2.WhydoChineselikeboysmuchmorethangirls?A.Becausemencandomorelaboroutside.B.Becausemencanearnmoremoney.C.Becausemencancarrythefamilyname.D.Alloftheabove.()3.AccordingtoParagraph4,whatdoesGalluppollingagencyimply?A.Americansdon’tcarebaby’ssex.B.PeopleinChinalikebabyboysbetter.C.PeopleinAmericanlikebabyboysbetter.D.Peopleintheworldlikebabyboysbetter.()4.Inthesurvey,howmanypeopledon’tcarethebaby’sgenderorarenotsure?A.28%. B.40%. C.Morethan50%. D.32%.()5.What’stheauthor’sattitudeaboutsexselectiveabortion?A.Don’tagree. B.Support. C.Remainneutral. D.Wedon’tknow.一（2023·江蘇·無(wú)錫外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校一模）In2018,Sciencemagazineaskedsomeyoungscientistswhatschoolsshouldteachstudents.Mostsaidstudentsshouldspendlesstimerememberingfactsandhavemorespaceforcreativeactivities.AstheInternetgrowsmorepowerful,studentscangetknowledgeeasily.Whyshouldtheyberequiredtocarrysomuchofitaroundintheirheads?Civilizations(文明)developthroughforgettinglifeskillsthatwereoncenecessary.IntheAgriculturalAge,afarmercouldaffordtoforgethuntingskills.Whensocietiesindustrialized,theknowledgeoffarmingcouldbesafetoforget.Nowadays,smartmachineshelpustogetmosthumanknowledge.Itseemsthatwenolongerneedtoremembermostthings.Doesitmatter?Researchershaverealizedseveralproblemsthatmayhappen.Forone,humanbeingshavebiases(偏見(jiàn)),andsmartmachinesarelikelytoincreaseourbiases.Manypeoplebelievesmartmachinesarenecessarilycorrectandobjective(客觀的),butmachinesaretrainedthrougharepeatedtestingandscoringprocess.Intheprocess,humanbeingsstilldecideonthecorrectanswers.Anotherproblemrelatestotheease(容易)ofgettinginformation.Whentherewerenoputers,effortswererequiredtogetknowledgefromotherpeople,orgotothelibrary.Weknowwhatknowledgeliesinotherbrainsorbooks,andwhatliesinourheads.Buttoday,theInternetgivesustheinformationweneedquickly.Thiscanleadtothemistakenbelief—theknowledgewefoundwaspartofwhatweknewallalong.Inanewcivilizationrichinmachineintelligence(智慧),wecaneasilygettosmartmemorynetworkswhereinformationisstored.Butdependencyonanetworksuggestspossibilitiesofbeingharmedeasily.Thecollapseofanyofthenetworksofrelationsourhealthdependsupon,suchasfoodandenergy,wouldproduceterribleresults.Withoutfoodwegethungry;withoutenergywefeelcold.Anditisthroughwidespreadlossofmemorythatcivilizationsareatriskoffallingintoadarkage.Weforgetoldwaystofreeuptimeandspacefornewskills.Aslongastheolderformsofknowledgearestoredsomewhereinournetworks,andcanbefoundwhenweneedthem,perhapsthey’renotreallyforgotten.Still,astimegoeson,weslowlybutunquestionablybeestrangerstofuturepeople.1．Smartmachinesarelikelytoincreaseourbiasesbecause________.A．theygooffcourseintestingandscoring B．wecontrolthetrainingprocessonthemC．weofferthemtoomuchinformation D．theyoverusetheprovidedanswers2．TheeaseofgettinginformationfromtheInternet________.A．freesusfrommakingeffortstolearnnewskills B．preventscivilizationsfrombeinglostatahighspeedC．misleadsusintothinkingwealreadyknewtheknowledge D．separatesthefactswehavefromthoseinthesmartmachines3．Accordingtothispassage,thefollowingaretrueexcept________.A．MostyoungscientistsrepliedtoSciencethatstudentsshouldhavemorecreativeactivities.B．Nowadays,withsmartmachines,peoplenolongerneedtoremembermostthings.C．Theuseofsmartmachinescausessomeproblemstopeople. D．Itisthroughwidespreadlossofmemorythatcivilizationsareatriskoffallingintoadarkage.4．Thewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassageisto________.A．questionaboutthestandardsofinformationstorage B．discussourproblemsofmunicationwithmachinesC．stresstheimportanceofimprovingourrememberingability D．remindusoftheriskofdependingonmachinestoremember二（2023·江蘇·無(wú)錫外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校一模）AteamofUSpsychologist(心理學(xué)家)havefoundthattalkingtoanotherpersonfortenminutesadayhelpswithmemory.“Socializingisjustasusefulasmoretraditionalkindsofmental(腦力的)exercisesinboostingmemoryandintellectualperformance,”O(jiān)scarYbarra,apsychologistattheUniversityofMichiganInstituteforSocialResearch,saidinastatement.Inoneinvestigation(調(diào)查),theyanalyzeddataon3610people,aged24to96.Theyfindthatthehighertheirlevelofsocialinteraction(交流),thebettertheircognitive(認(rèn)知的)functioning.Socialinteractionincludesgettingtogetherorhavingphonechatswithrelatives,friendsandneighbors.Inanotherexperiment,theresearchersconductedlaboratorytestson76collegestudents,aged18to21,toevaluate(評(píng)估)howsocialinteractionsandmentalexercisesinfluencedtheresultsofmemoryandintellectualperformancetests.Thestudentsweredividedintothreegroups:thesocialinteractiongrouphadadiscussionofasocialissuefor10minutesbeforetakingthetests;thementalactivitiesgrouppletedthreetasks(includingareadingprehensionexerciseandacrosswordpuzzle)beforethetests;andacontrolgroupwatcheda10minutefilmoftheSeinfeldtelevisionshow.“Wefoundthatshorttermsocialinteractionlastingforjust10minutesimprovedthestudents’intellectualperformanceasmuchasworkingonsocalled‘mental’activitiesforthesameamountoftime,”Ybarrasaid.ThestudywasexpectedtobepublishedintheFebruaryissueofthejournalPersonalityandSocialPsychologyBulletin.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“boosting”inthesecondparagraphprobablymean?A．Improving. B．Reducing. C．Preventing. D．Training.2．Theresearchersconductedlaboratorytestson76collegestudentsto________.A．judgetheinfluenceofsocialinteractiononmemoryandintelligence B．findoutwhatisrealsocialinteractionC．learnhowmuchtimeisneededforsocialinteraction D．showthefunctionofpeople’scognition3．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Mentalexercisesmakeyourmemorybetter. B．DifferentpeoplehavedifferentwaysofmunicationC．municatingwithotherskeepsyouhealthy. D．Socialinteractionmakesyousmart.三（2022·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Onenightwewerewalkingdownonelong,dirtystreet.Suddenly,Dupinspoke,“You’reright,”hesaid.“Heisaverysmallman.”AtfirstIsawnothingstrangeinthis.Thenithitme.Dupinhadagreeddirectlywithmythoughts.Ihadnotspokenaword!Dupinhadreadmymind.Istoppedwalking.“Dupin,”Isaid,“howcouldyouknowthatIwasthinkingof?”Here,Istoppedspeaking.________Andhedid.Hesaid,“HowdidIknowyouwerethinkingofChantillyandthinkingheistoosmall?Itwasthefruitseller.”“Fruitseller!?”“Imeanthemanwhobumpedintoyoufifteenminutesago.”“Oh,yes…Iremember,now.Thatfruitseller.Butwhatd