第23講 直接引語間接引語（教師版帶答案）

第份初中語法講義直接引語&間接引語年月日 第23章直接引語與間接引語當我們引用別人的話時，我們可以用別人的原話，也可以用自己的話把別人的意思轉(zhuǎn)述出來。當直接引用的句子為不同類型時，間接引用時的句式變化很大，本章中會一一解析。直接引語：當我們引用別人的話語時，若引用的是原話，被引用的部分叫做直接引語。間接引語：當我們引用別人的話語時，也可以用自己的話把意思轉(zhuǎn)述出來，這種轉(zhuǎn)述的別人說話的部分叫做間接引語。典型例句：1.Shesaid,“IlikeEnglishverymuch”.（直接引語）（她說：“我非常喜歡英語?！保┑湫屠洌?.ShesaidshelikedEnglishverymuch.（間接引語）（她說她非常喜歡英語。）1.直接引語與間接引語的構(gòu)成1.直接引語構(gòu)成步驟：（1）只需將原話放在引號之中，不作任何改動。（2）沒有時態(tài)呼應(yīng)的問題。（3）引用的原話前用逗號“，”（漢語中多用冒號“：”）（4）后引號之前，也就是重述的話的結(jié)尾，按其類別放一個句號“.”或問號“?”等。Shesaid,“Yougavethebooktomeyourself.”（她說：“是你自己把這本書給我的?！保㏕heteacherasked,“DoyoulikeEnglish?”（老師問：“你們喜歡英語嗎？”）Marysaidtome,“Ilostmycellphone.”（瑪麗對我說：“我把我的手機弄丟了?！保癉oyouwanttogoswimmingtoday?”Benaskedme.（本問我：“今天你想去游泳嗎？”）注意：引號內(nèi)直接引語第一個單詞的第一個字母要大寫。當“主語（人）+引述動詞”放在引號之后時，在后引號之前必須加逗號；但如果引語以問號或感嘆號結(jié)尾時，則不用逗號。2.間接引語構(gòu)成步驟：（1）不要逗號、冒號、引號。（2）要考慮到人稱的變化（人稱的變化與漢語是一致的）。（3）要考慮時態(tài)的變化。（4）要考慮時間狀語、地點狀語和指示代詞的變化。ShesaidthatIhadgiventhebooktohermyself.（她說是我自己把那本書給她的。）TheteacheraskeduswhetherwelikedEnglish.（老師問我們是否喜歡英語。）Marytoldmethatshehadlosthercellphone.（瑪麗告訴我她把她的手機弄丟了。）BenaskedmeifIwantedtogoswimmingthatday.（本問我那天是否想去游泳。）補充：間接引語不需要加引號，而且在多數(shù)情況下都能構(gòu)成一個賓語從句。間接引語一般都要由引述動詞引導(dǎo)。2.直接引語與間接引語的轉(zhuǎn)化1.人稱的變化直接引語轉(zhuǎn)化為間接引語時，間接引語中的人稱會發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化，而且這種變化與漢語的變化是一致的。Johnsaid,“I’vebeenlateagain.”（約翰說：“我又遲到了?！保鶭ohnsaidthathehadbeenlateagain.（約翰說他又遲到了。）Marysaid,“I’llfinishtheworkthisafternoon.”（瑪麗說：“我將在今天下午完成工作?！保鶰arysaidthatshewouldfinishtheworkthatafternoon.（瑪麗說她將要在那天下午完成工作。）Hesaid,“I’llbeseeingyouoffonthe10o’clocktrain.”（他說：“我將送你乘10點鐘的火車離開?！保鶫esaidthathewouldbeseeingmeoffonthe10o’clocktrain.（他說他將送我乘10點鐘的火車離開。）2.時態(tài)的變化直接引語轉(zhuǎn)化為間接引語時，主句動詞的時態(tài)若是過去時，間接引語中的時態(tài)要變?yōu)橄鄳?yīng)的過去時態(tài)。直接引語中的時態(tài)間接引語中的時態(tài)直接引語中的時態(tài)間接引語中的時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般過去時，現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時過去完成時過去完成時（不變）一般將來時過去將來時現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時現(xiàn)在完成進行時過去完成進行時shallshouldshouldshould（不變）willwouldwouldwould（不變）maymightmightmight（不變）cancouldcouldcould（不變）Shesaid,“Ilikemathsverymuch.”（她說：“我非常喜歡數(shù)學?！保ㄒ话悻F(xiàn)在時）→Shesaidthatshelikedmathsverymuch.（她說她非常喜歡數(shù)學。）（一般過去時）Hesaid,“I’veneverseenthisman.”（他說：“我從沒見過這個男人。”）（現(xiàn)在完成時）→Hesaidthathehadneverseenthatman.（他說他從沒見過那個男人。）（過去完成時）Joesaid,“Iamlisteningtomusicinmyroom.”（喬說：“我正在我的房間聽音樂”。）（現(xiàn)在完成時）→Joesaidthathewaslisteningtomusicinhisroom.（喬說他正在他的房間聽音樂。）（過去進行時）3.時間狀語、地點狀語和指示代詞的變化直接引語轉(zhuǎn)化為間接引語時，間接引語中的時間狀語、地點狀語和指示代詞都會發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化。直接引語中的狀語、指示代詞間接引語中的狀語、指示代詞today今天thatday當天yesterday昨天thedaybefore前一天tomorrow明天thenextday/thefollowingday第二天nextweek/month/year...下周/下個月/明年……thenextweek/month/year...第二周/月/年……lastweek/month/year...上周/上個月/去年……theweek/month/year...before前一周/月/年……ago以前before以前three/four/...yearsago三年/四年/……年前three/four/...yearsbefore三年/四年/……年前in2008在2008年in2008在2008年（不變）now現(xiàn)在then那時sofar目前bythen到那時here這里there那里this這個that那個these這些those那些4.引用的句子是陳述句時陳述句轉(zhuǎn)述為間接引語時，句型、語序沒有變化，只是要在陳述句前加連詞that，它不在句子中擔任成分，常常被省略。Thegirlsaidtome,“Pocketmoneycangiveakidasenseofindependence.”（這個女孩對我說：“零用錢能給孩子以獨立感?！保鶷hegirltoldme(that)pocketmoneycouldgiveakidasenseofindependence.（這個女孩告訴我零用錢能給孩子以獨立感。）Paulsaid,“Ihaven’theardacomplainyet.”（保羅說：“我還沒聽到一句抱怨?！保鶳aulsaid(that)hehadn’theardacomplainyet.（保羅說他還沒聽到一句抱怨。）5.引用的句子是疑問句時疑問句轉(zhuǎn)述為間接引語時，句型、語序要有相應(yīng)的變化，并注意要以疑問詞或if，whether等詞引導(dǎo)。（1）引用的句子是特殊疑問句時特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)述為間接引語時，語序要轉(zhuǎn)化為陳述句語序，并以疑問詞開頭（注意此時不能用that）。Maryaskedme,“Whatisshedoinghere?”（瑪麗問我：“她在這兒做什么呢？”）說明：此句除了時態(tài)由一般現(xiàn)在時變?yōu)橐话氵^去時之外，語序也由疑問句語序變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z序，即將“Whatisshedoinghere?”變?yōu)椤皐hatshewasdoingthere.”同時注意標點符號由于問號變?yōu)榫涮?。因為實際上此句是個賓語從句，主句是陳述句而不是問句。→Maryaskedmewhatshewasdoingthere.（瑪麗問我她在那兒做什么呢。）WangFangaskedLily,“Howhaveyoumanagedtofinishpaintingsosoon?”（王芳問莉莉：“你是怎么做到那么快完成繪畫的？”）→WangFangaskedLilyhowshehadmanagedtofinishpaintingsosoon.（王芳問莉莉她是怎么做到那么快完成繪畫的。）Myteacheraskedme,“Howlonghaveyouspentinpracticingthesedays?”（我的老師問我：“這些天你用了多長時間練習？”）→MyteacheraskedmehowlongIhadspentinpracticingthosedays.（我的老師問我那些日子花了多長時間練習。）（2）引用的句子是一般疑問句時一般疑問句轉(zhuǎn)述為間接引語時，要把一般疑問句句型轉(zhuǎn)化為陳述句句型，同時在句子前面加上if或者whether。Iaskedher,“Didyouvisitthemuseumtwodaysago?”（我問她：“兩天前你去參觀博物館了嗎？”）→Iaskedherif/whethershehadvisitedthemuseumtwodaysbefore.（我問她兩天前是不是參觀過博物館了。）MyfriendLilyaskedme,“Doyouwanttogoswimmingtoday?”（我的朋友莉莉問我：“你今天想去游泳嗎？”）→MyfriendLilyasked(me)if/whetherIwantedtogoswimmingthatday.（我的朋友莉莉問我那天是否想去游泳。）比較：if和whether一般可通用；但whether可以和ornot連用，if不能。Iaskedherwhetherornotshehadvisitedthemuseumtwodaysbefore.說明：ask常用來轉(zhuǎn)述疑問句；且ask后既可帶間接的人稱賓語，也可省略不帶。（3）引用的句子是反意疑問句時反意疑問句轉(zhuǎn)述為間接引語時，要把它看成是一般疑問句：即句型為陳述句，在句子前面加if或whether，往往后面還要加上ornot，常用whether...ornot。Shecried,“Youhavemadeabigmistake,haven’tyou?”（她大喊：“你犯了個大錯，不是嗎？”）→ShecriedwhetherIhadmadeabigmistakeornot.（她大聲喊著問我是不是犯了個大錯。）補充：選擇疑問句的直接引語直接引語如果是選擇疑問句，轉(zhuǎn)述為間接引語時，其關(guān)聯(lián)詞應(yīng)用whether...or...。Heaskedme,“Doyoulikeapplesorbananas?”（他問我：“你喜歡蘋果還是香蕉？”）→HeaskedmewhetherIlikeapplesorbananas.（他問我是喜歡蘋果還是喜歡香蕉。）6.引用的句子是祈使句時祈使句轉(zhuǎn)述為間接引語時，間接引語要改用動詞不定式表示。引述動詞根據(jù)原意可以用ask，tell，want，order等表示，原祈使句改為不定式。句型：（肯定句）ask/tell...sb.todosth.；（否定句）ask/tell...sb.nottodosth.MissGreensaidtoJane,“Pleasesitdown.”（格林小姐對簡說：“請坐?！保鶰issGreenaskedJanetositdown.（格林小姐請簡坐下。）Theteachersaid,“Payattentiontoyourspelling.”（老師說：“注意你們的拼寫?！保鶷heteachertoldustopayattentiontoourspelling.（老師告訴我們注意拼寫。）Joesaid,“Don’tmakesomuchnoise,boys.”（喬說：“男孩們，別那么吵?！保鶭oeordertheboysnottomakesomuchnoise.（喬讓男孩們別那么吵。）補充：若直接引語表示請求語氣，間接引語的引述動詞用ask。若直接引語表示命令語氣，間接引語的引述動詞用tell或order。7.引用的句子是感嘆句時感嘆句轉(zhuǎn)述為間接引語時，間接引語可以仍然使用how，what等詞，語序不變；也可使用that把原來的感嘆句改為賓語從句，動詞say可改為cry，shout等詞。Hesaid,“Whatacleverboyheis!”（他說：“多么聰明的男孩?。　保鶫esaidwhatacleverboyhewas./Hecriedthathehewasacleverboy.（他說他是一個聰明的男孩。）Shesaid,“Howinterestingthefilmis!”→Shesaidhowinterestingthefilmwas./Sheshoutedthatthefilmwasinteresting.（她說這是一部非常有趣的電影。）說明：感嘆句轉(zhuǎn)述為間接引語時，可以加上適當?shù)男揎椪Z，如withdelight（高興地），withasigh（長嘆一聲）等。Hesaid,“Whatafineday!”（他說：“多好的天氣??！”）→Hecriedwithdelightthatitwasafineday.（他高興地叫道天氣多好啊。）3.直接引語與間接引語需注意的事項1.間接引語中人稱不改變的情況主句中動詞的主語是第一人稱時，引語中的人稱代詞保持不變。Isaid,“HecanspeakEnglishverywell.”（我說：“他的英語說得很好?！保鶬saidthathecouldspeakEnglishverywell.（我說他的英語說得很好。）Wesay,“Youdidquitewellyesterday.”（我們說：“昨天你們做得相當不錯?！保鶺esaythatyouhaddonequitewellthedaybefore.（我們說你們那天做得相當不錯。）2.間接引語中時態(tài)不改變的情況主句的動詞是過去的時態(tài)時，引語中的時態(tài)就要做相應(yīng)的變化。但在以下一些情況下，間接引語中的時態(tài)仍保持不變。A.當主句的動詞時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在的時態(tài)（一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進行時、現(xiàn)在完成時）或?qū)頃r時，間接引語中的時態(tài)不變。Hesays,“I’mtired.”（他說：“我累了?！保鶫esaysheistired.（他說他累了。）Hewillsay,“Thegirlwasverybeautiful.”（他將會說：“這個女孩過去很漂亮?！保鶫ewilltellyouthatthegirlwasverybeautiful.（他將會告訴你這個女孩過去很漂亮。）B.當引語表示一般真理或客觀事實時，轉(zhuǎn)化為間接引語時時態(tài)不變，并且要使用一般現(xiàn)在時。Heasked,“Whichstaristhebiggest?”（他問：“哪顆星星最大？”）→Heaskedwhichstaristhebiggest.（他問哪顆星星最大。）Myfathertoldme,“It’simportantforkidstolearnhowtomanagemoney.”（我父親告訴我：“讓孩子學習怎么處理金錢是很重要的。”）→Myfathertoldme(that)itisimportantforkidstolearnhowtomanagemoney.（我父親告訴我讓孩子學習怎么處理金錢是很重要的。）C.當引語強調(diào)動作或狀態(tài)現(xiàn)在仍存在時，轉(zhuǎn)化為間接引語時時態(tài)可不變，其他相應(yīng)狀語也可不變，尤其是在口語中。Johnsaid,“Mysonisilltoday.”（約翰說：“我的兒子今天生病了?！保┭a充：如果沒有特定的情況說明是今天（today）發(fā)生的事，這句應(yīng)該為：Johntoldmethathissonwasillthatday/yesterday.（約翰告訴我，他的兒子那天/昨天病了。）→Johntoldmethathissonisilltoday.（約翰告訴我，他兒子今天病了。）（這里間接引語的時態(tài)沒變，仍是一般現(xiàn)在時，時間狀語也沒變，仍是today，這表明今天還沒有過去）Heasked,“WherehasLiMinggone?”（他問：“李明去哪兒了？”）→HeaskedwhereLiMinghasgone.（他問李明去哪兒了。）（表明李明未回來）→HeaskedwhereLiMinghadgone.（他問李明去哪兒了。）（表明李明已回來）D.過去完成時在間接引語中仍為過去完成時，與之聯(lián)系使用的動詞過去時不變。Mr.Greensaid,“MysonhadgonetoAmericawhenhegraduated.”（格林先生說：“我兒子大學畢業(yè)后就去美國了?！保鶰r.GreensaidthathissonhadgonetoAmericawhenhegraduated.（格林先生說，他兒子大學畢業(yè)后就去美國了。）說明：將直接引語變成間接引語時，時態(tài)通常要往回移，即現(xiàn)在時變?yōu)檫^去時，過去時變?yōu)檫^去完成時。若直接引語中動詞已為過去完成時，再轉(zhuǎn)述為間接引語時就不變了，因為已不可能再往回移了。Shesaid,“Ihadlivedherefor10yearsbytheendoflastyear.”（她說：“到去年底，我已經(jīng)在這兒住了10年了?！保鶶hesaidthatshehadlivedtherefor10yearsbytheendoflastyear.（她說到去年底，她已經(jīng)在那兒住了10年了。）E.當直接引語中的一般過去時與表示過去特定時間的狀語連用時，轉(zhuǎn)化為間接引語時時態(tài)不變。Hesaid,“Iwasbornin1990andjoinedthearmyin2008.”（他說：“我是1990年出生的，并于2008年參軍?！保鶫esaidthathewasbornin1990andjoinedthearmyin2008.（他說他是1990年出生的，并于2008年參軍。）3.主句動詞的使用用間接引語時，主句的引述動詞除了用say，tell，ask外，只要意思上允許，盡可能用別的動詞，如：admit承認agree同意greet打招呼reply回答request要求order命令declare聲明promise答應(yīng)explain解釋wonder想知道“Really,itismyfault,”hesaid.（他說：“的確，那是我的錯。”）→Headmittedthatitwasreallyhisfault.（他承認那的確是他的錯。）“Yourideasoundsgood,”theSalesManagersaid.（銷售部經(jīng)理說：“你的主意聽起來不錯?！保鶷heSalesManageragreedthatmyideasoundedgood.（銷售部經(jīng)理贊同我的主意不錯。）4.要保留情態(tài)動詞的意義注意間接引語中要保留原來直接引語中包含的情態(tài)動詞的意義?！癐mustdomyhomeworknow,”saidTom.（湯姆說：“我現(xiàn)在必須做作業(yè)?！保鶷omsaidthathehadtodohishomeworkthen.（湯姆說那時他必須做作業(yè)。）5.“Wouldyouplease...?”如何變?yōu)殚g接引語“Wouldyouplease...?”雖然是個一般疑問句，但它表示的是“請求”，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，一般用動詞不定式來表示。句型：主語+ask/invite+賓語+不定式“Wouldyoupleasehavelunchwithmetomorrow?”Mr.Zhuaskedme.（朱先生問我：“明天你和我一起吃午飯好嗎？”）→Mr.Zhuasked/invitedmetohavelunchwithhimthenextday.（朱先生讓/請我明天和他一起吃午飯。）“Wouldyoupleasepassmeyourdictionary?”shesaidtome.（她跟我說：“勞駕你能把你的字典遞給我嗎？”）→Sheaskedmetopasshermydictionary.（她讓我把我的字典遞給她。）CommonMistakes（注意！失分陷阱?。┫葳謇}①A:Whatdidyouteachersayjustnow?B:Heaskedme__________thismorning.【長沙中考】A.howdidTomcometoschoolB.whenTomgottoschoolC.whywasTomlateforschool句意提示：A：剛才你的老師說什么了？B：他問我今天早上湯姆什么時候到的學校。陷阱追擊：間接引語中引用的句子是特殊疑問句時，要特別注意語序的變化。正確解析：把特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)述為間接引語時，要以疑問詞開頭，語序轉(zhuǎn)化為陳述句語序，因為實際上此句是個賓語從句。正確答案為B。陷阱例題②Tomsaidhe__________backinaweek.A.willcomeB.wouldcomeC.come句意提示：湯姆說他將在一周后回來。陷阱追擊：本題考查間接引語中時態(tài)的變化，需特別注意，否則容易誤選。正確解析：如果主句動詞的時態(tài)是過去的時態(tài)（過去時），間接引語中的時態(tài)要變?yōu)橄鄳?yīng)的過去時態(tài)。直接引語中用will，則間接引語中用would。正確答案為B。陷阱例題③Thepolicemanaskedthechild__________sothathecouldtakehimhome.【成都中考】A.wheredidheliveB.wherehelivedC.howhelived句意提示：警察詢問這個孩子住在哪里，以便送他回家。陷阱追擊：本題考查間接引語的語序和結(jié)合上下文判斷間接引語的內(nèi)容，容易誤選。正確解析：由題意可知是詢問“住在哪里”，語序應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)化為陳述句語序。正確答案為B。陷阱例題④Johnaskedme__________tovisithisuncle’sfarmwithhim.A.howwouldIlikeB.ifornotwouldIlikeC.whetherIwouldlikeD.whichIwouldlike句意提示：約翰問我想不想和他一起參觀他叔叔的農(nóng)場。陷阱追擊：本題考查引用的句子是一般疑問句，轉(zhuǎn)述為間接引語時的用法，容易誤選。正確解析：當引用的句子是一般疑問句，轉(zhuǎn)述為間接引語時，要把一般疑問句句型轉(zhuǎn)化為陳述句句型，并在句子前面加上if或whether。正確答案為C。FinalCheck（實力測驗）1.請將下列直接引語轉(zhuǎn)化為間接引語1.“Myparentsareverywell,”saidTom._______________________________________________________________________________“AreyougoingtolearnEnglish?”askedTom._______________________________________________________________________________“Ihavegivenupsmoking.”saidmybrother._______________________________________________________________________________Hesaid,“Ican’tgotothepartytomorrow.”_______________________________________________________________________________Theoldmansaid,“Idon’tknowwheretogo.”_______________________________________________________________________________Hesaid,“I’lltellAnnIsawyou.”_______________________________________________________________________________Heaskedtheboy,“Whoareyou?”_______________________________________________________________________________Sheaskedme,“What’swrongwithyou?”_______________________________________________________________________________Thedoctorsaid,“Stayinbedforafewdays.”_______________________________________________________________________________Fathersaidtohisson:“Don’tshout!”_______________________________________________________________________________Tomsaid,“Iwokeupfeelingill,soIdidn’tgotowork.”_______________________________________________________________________________Mikesaid,“IhavebeentoAmericatwice.Iwenttherein2007andin2010.”_______________________________________________________________________________Shesaid,“By9o’clocklastnightI’dfinishedmyhomework.”_______________________________________________________________________________Heasked,“Tom,wheredidyoureadit?”_______________________________________________________________________________Heasked,“Whyareyousmiling?”_______________________________________________________________________________Sheasked,“It’sabeautifulday,isn’tit?”_______________________________________________________________________________Thechildalwaysaskshermother,“AmIagoodgirl?”_______________________________________________________________________________2.改錯1.HesaidmethathehadbeentotheGreatWalltwice._______________________________________________________________________________2.Thestrangeraskedmehowcouldhegettotheairport._______________________________________________________________________________3.MymothertellsmeWashingtonD.C.wasthecapitaloftheUSA._______________________________________________________________________________4.Theteachertoldwehaddoneourhomeworkverybadly._______________________________________________________________________________5.IwonderifI’llgotoKay’spartyornot._______________________________________________________________________________6.Hetoldmethathisfatherhasgonetotheothercityonbusiness._______________________________________________________________________________7.LilyaskedmecouldIdosomeshoppingwithher._______________________________________________________________________________8.ThepresidentaskedmehowoldIwas?_______________________________________________________________________________9.Professorsaid,thattheclasswasover,thenhelefttheclassroominahurry._______________________________________________________________________________10.Marytoldmeshehadwatchedthatfootballmatchtwodaysagoandtheplayershadplayedwell._______________________________________________________________________________11.ThelibrariantoldtomeIcouldborrowfourbooksonetime._______________________________________________________________________________12.TheotherdayIcalledmyclassmate,andhesaidheisillinbed._______________________________________________________________________________13.DavidaskedhisneighborMissLiifshecouldlookaftermydogwhenhewenttothebeachforhisholidays._______________________________________________________________________________14.Afarmersaysmehisfarmisnotfarfromhere._______________________________________________________________________________15.Jacktoldhepaidattentiontothechange._______________________________________________________________________________3.漢譯英1.你告訴我的非常重要。_______________________________________________________________________________2.我把你告訴我的記下了。_______________________________________________________________________________3.這就是我想要告訴他的。_______________________________________________________________________________4.我認為明天不會下雨。_______________________________________________________________________________5.我們認為會議不必延期。_______________________________________________________________________________6.我懷疑這篇小說是否值得一看。_______________________________________________________________________________7.我不能肯定你是否正確。_______________________________________________________________________________8.學生們堅決主張那個男孩應(yīng)受懲罰。_______________________________________________________________________________9.他堅決認為他自己沒做錯事。_______________________________________________________________________________10.這個地區(qū)是否要再建一所學校這個問題我們還沒決定。_______________________________________________________________________________KEYS:1.1.Tomsaid(that)hisparentswereverywell.2.Tomaskedme/her/him/...whether/ifI/she/he/...was/weregoingtolearnEnglish.3.Mybrothersaid(that)hehadgivenupsmoking.4.Hesaid(that)hecouldn’tgotothepartythenextday.5.Theoldmansaid(that)hedidn’tknowwheretogo.6.HesaidtomethathewouldtellAnnhehadseenme.7.Heaskedtheboywhohewas.8.Sheaskedmewhatwaswrongwithme.（解說：What’swrongwithsomebody?和What’sthematterwithsomebody?變?yōu)殚g接引語時，語序不變。）9.Thedoctortoldme/her/him/...tostayinbedforafewdays.10.Fatherwarnedhissonnottoshout.11.(1)Tomsaid(that)hewokeupfeelingill,sohedidn’tgotowork.(2)Tomsaid(that)hehadwokenupfeelingill,sohehadn’tgonetowork.12.Mikesaid(that)hehadbeentoAmericatwiceandthathewenttherein2007andin2010.13.Shesaid(that)by9o’clockthenightbeforeshehadfinishedherhomework.14.HeaskedTomwherehehadreadit.15.Heaskedme/her/him/...whyI/she/he/...was/weresmiling.16.Sheaskedmewhether/ifitwasabeautifulday.17.Thechildalwaysaskshermotherwhether/ifsheisagoodgirl.2.1.saidme→toldme或saidtome2.howcouldheget→howhecouldget（解說：即便賓語從句由疑問詞引導(dǎo)，也應(yīng)該用陳述句的語序。不要混淆簡答句里的特殊疑問句和賓語從句。）3.was→is（解說：注意賓語從句和主句之間的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)。）4.told→said5.if→whether（解說：whether...ornot是固定結(jié)構(gòu)。）6.hasgone→hadgone（解說：注意時態(tài)呼應(yīng)。）7.couldI→if/whetherIcould（解說：注意賓語從句的語序，不要與一般疑問句混淆。）8.問號改為句號9.said,that→saidthat10.twodaysago→twodaysbefore11.toldtome→toldme或saidtome12.is→was（解說：注意時態(tài)呼應(yīng)。）13.mydog→hisdog（解說：在把直接引語改為間接引語的時候，要注意人稱的變換。）14.saysme→saystome或tellsme15.toldhepaid→toldhimtopay3.1.Whatyou(have)toldmeisveryimportant.2.Ihavekeptwhatyoutoldmeinmind.3.ThisiswhatIwanttotellhim.4.Idon’tthinkitisgoingtoraintomorrow.5.(1)Wedon’tthinkthemeetingshouldbeputoff.(2)Wedon’tthinkitnecessarytoputoffthemeeting.6.Idoubtwhether/ifthisnovelisworthreading.7.I’mnotsurewhether/ifyouareright.8.Thestudentsinsistedthattheboy(should)bepunished.9.Heinsistedthathehaddonenothingwrong.10.Ithasn’tbeendecidedwhethertobuildanotherschoolinthearea.【課后作業(yè)】1.“Inevereatmeat.”hesaid.Hesaidthat______never______meat.2.“I’vefoundmywallet.”hesaidtome.He______methathe__________________wallet.3.“Itookithomewithme.”shesaid.Shesaidthat___________________ithomewithher.4.Theteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandgoesdowninthewest.”Theteachersaidthatthesun______intheeastand______downinthewest.5.“Imetheryesterday.”hesaidtome.He______methathe______mettheday______.6.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive.”hesaid.HesaidthatI______togo______beforefive.7.“Iboughtthehouse10yearsago.”hesaid.Hesaidthathe_______boughtthehouse10years_______.8.“Didyouseeherlastweek?”hesaid.He____________Ihadseenhertheweek_______.9.Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.”He______Jimthathe______sitthere10.Heasked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother?”Heaskedhermother__________________foundit.11.“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays?”heasked.Heaskedme_____________________been_______days.12.“Doyouknowwhereshelives?”heasked.Heasked____________knewwhereshe______.13.“Stopmakingsomuchnoise,children.”hesaid.He______thechildren____________makingsomuchnoise.14.“Don’ttellhimthenews.”shesaid.Shetoldme___________________himthenews.15.“Areyouintestedinthis?”hesaid.He____________Iwasinterestdin______.【參考答案】1.he,ate2.told,had,found,his3.she,had,taken4.rise,goes5.told,had,before6.had,there7.had,before8.asked,if[whether],before9.told,could10.how,she,had11.where,I,had,those12.if[whether],I,lived13.told,to,stop14.not,to,tell15.asked,if[whether],that直接引語變間接引語專項練習題二（有答案）1.Ourteacheraskedus_____ourdictionariestoschool.A.bringB.broughtC.bringD.tobring2.Theteachertoldtheboystudents______footballonthegrass.A.notplayB.nottoplayC.playedD.playing3.____Tomdidn’tgotoschool?A.DoyouknowhowB.WhydoyouknowC.HowyouknowwhyD.Doyouknowwhy4.Shelookssad.Couldyoupleasetellme_____thatpreventsherfrombeingashappyasbefore?A.whatitisB.itiswhatC.howitisD.itishow5.Bettyaskedhersister____totherailwaystationtoseeheroff.A.nottocomeB.nottogoC.tonotcomeD.tonotgo6.Thepupilaskedhisteacher_____roundtheearth.A.weatherthemoongoesB.thatthemoonwentC.whetherthemoongoesD.whetherthemoonwent7.Mr.Li____WangLing____ataxitotheairport.A.asked;takeB.asked;takingC.told;takeD.told;totake8.Sheaskedhim____.A.whosedictionarythisisB.whosedictionarythatwasC.whosedictionaryisthisD.whosedictionarythatis9.Mary’smotheraskedher_____.A.thatwhethershehadfinishedherhomeworkB.ifshehasfinishedherhomeworkC.ifshehadfinishedherhomeworkD.thatifshehadfinishedherhomework10.Doyouknow____?A.whatishedoingB.whathedoingC.whatheisdoingD.whatdoeshedonow11.Idon’tknow____tolearnEnglish.A.whendidhebeginB.whenhebeganC.hewhenbeganD.whenhebegins12.Heaskedme____.A.howwouldtheweatherbeliketomorrowB.whattheweatherwouldbelikethenextdayC.howtheweatherwouldbeliketomorrowD.whatwouldtheweatherbelikethenextday13.Youcan’timagine____whentheyreceivedtheseniceSpringFestivalpresents.A.howexcitedtheywereB.howexcitedweretheyC.howtheywereexcitedD.theywerehowexcited14.Shetoldmethatshe____byherrelativesatthebusstop.A.hadbeenseenoffB.haveseenoffC.havebeenseenoffD.hadseenoff15.Doyourememberhowmanytimes____toAustralia?A.hadyoubeen