職稱英語(yǔ)理工類a級(jí)模擬58

職稱英語(yǔ)理工類A級(jí)模擬58

第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)

下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或者短語(yǔ)畫(huà)有底橫線，請(qǐng)為每處畫(huà)線部分確定一個(gè)意義最為

接近的選項(xiàng)。

1>Thegovernmentisdebatingtheeducationlaws.

A.discussingB.defeatingC.delayingD

?declining

2、Theyhadafarbetteryieldthananyotherfarmmilesawayaroundthisyear.

A.goodsB.soilC.climate

D.harvest

3、Thecityhasdecidedtodoawaywithalltheoldbuildingsinitscenter.

A.getridofB.set

upC.repairD.paint

4、Duringthepasttenyearstherehavebeendramaticchangesintheinternational

situation.

A.permanentB.powerfulC.strikingD

.practical

5、Foryoungchildren,gettingdressedisacomplicatedbusiness.

A.personalB.strangeC.funny

D.complex

6、CementwasseldomusedinbuildingsoftheMiddleAges.

A.slightB.rarelyC.originally

D.occasionally

7>Thereisanabundantsupplyofcheaplaborinthiscountry.

A.steadyB.plentifulC.anextraD.a

stable

8、Themostcrucialproblemanyeconomicsystemfacesishowtouseitsscarce

resources.

A.puzzlingB.difficultC.terrifying

D.urgent

9、Hemadeanimmenseamountofmoneyinbusiness.

A.largeB.smallC.limitedD

?little

10、Thesubstancecanbeaddedtogasolinetoacceleratethespeedofautomobiles.

A.quickenB.shortenC.loosen

D.enlarge

11>Theroomwasfurnishedwiththesimplestessentialszabed,achair,and

atable.

A.suppliedB.gatheredC.graspedD

?made

12、Thelocalgovernmentdecidedtomergethetwofirmsintoabigone.

A.motivateB.combineC.compactD.n

ominate

13、Heemphasizedafeasibleplanwhichcanbeacceptedbythebothsides.

A.favorableB.possibleC.formal

D.genuine

14、Whendoesthenexttraindepart?

A.pullupB.pulldownC.pull

outD.pullin

15、Becauseadministeringthewholecompany,hesometimeshastoworkaroundthe

clock.

A.adjustingB.evaluatingC.engaging

D.managing

第2部分：閱讀判斷

下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子作出判斷：如果該句提供

的是正確的信息，請(qǐng)選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤的信息，請(qǐng)選擇B；如果該句的信

息穩(wěn)重沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。

IrradiatingFood

Irradiatingfruits,vegetables,porkandchickentokillinsectsand

bacteriahasbeenapprovedbytheFoodandDrugAdministrationoverthepast

decadeorso.Irradiationofothermeats,suchasbeefandlamb,isbeing

reviewed.Federalapprovaldoesnotrequirethatindustryadopttheprocess,

andfewfoodprocessorspresentlyofferirradiatedproducts.

Marketstudieshaveshownthatmanyconsumersareafraidthateating

irradiatedfoodsmaycausecancer,despitescientificstudiesthatprovethe

safetyoftreatedfoods.Somepeoplearguethatmoreseveregovernment

inspection,higherfood-safetystandards,andmorecareful-preparation

practicesbyconsumersareallthatisneededtoensurethatfoodissafe.

Consequently,companiescurrentlyseenoneedtospendmillionsofdollars

outfittingprocessingplantswiththeequipmentnecessaryforaprocessthat

veryfewshoppersareinfavorof.

Allsupermarketsthatsellirradiatedfoodmustlabelthefoodeither

directlyonthepackaging,or,inthecaseofbulkitemslikefruitsandvegetables,

byplacingasignnearby.Thereisnorequirementforthelabelingofirradiated

foodservedbychainrestaurantsorhospitalsthatbuydirectlyfrom

distributors,noranyregulationsforproductsthatcontainirradiated

ingredients.

Presently,theFDAallowsfoodtobetreatedwiththreetypesof

radiation—gammarays,high-energyelectronszandXrays—andsetslimitson

doses,dependingonthetypeoffood.Theprincipleisthatthedosetobe

usedforacertaintypeoffoodshouldnotexceedtheamountthatissufficient

tokillmostharmfulinsectsandbacteriapresentinit.Differenttypesof

food,becauseoftheirmolecularcompositions,mayrequiredifferentdoses

ofradiation.

16、Accordingtothepassage,killinginsectsandbacteriapresentinfoods

byirradiatingisnotcompletelyapprovedbytheUSgovernment.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>Therearequiteanumberoffoodprocessorswhichareinterestedinproducing

irritatedfoods.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18、Someconsumersaredoubtfulofthesafetyofirradiatedfoodsandsuggest

amoreseveregovernmentinspectionbetaken.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19、Somecompaniesforeseethepromisingfutureofsettingupfoodprocessing

factories,althoughtheydonotseetheneednow.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Itisrequiredthatlabelsplacedonirradiatedfoodornearbybulkitems

suchasvegetablesandfruitsshouldindicateirradiatedingredients.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21、Restaurantscanserveirradiatedfoodboughtdirectlyfromdistributors

withoutlabelingit.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22>ThepassagetellsusthatFDAapprovesirradiatingfoodtosomeextent

butirradiatedfoodisnotwidelyaccepted.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）第23?26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第1?4段每段

選擇1個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題；（2）第27?30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最佳選

項(xiàng)。

TheMagicIoPersonalDigitalPen

CheckouttheioPersonalDigitalPenlaunchedbyLogitech：It1samagic

penthatcanstoreeverythingyouwriteandtransferittoyourcomputer.

Andyoudon11havetolugahandhelddevicealongwithyouforittowork.

Logitech1stechnologyworkslikethis：Thepenwritesnormally,usingnormal

ballpointpenink.Butwhileyouarewriting,atinycamerainsidethepen

isalsotaking100snapshotspersecondofwhatyouaredoing,mappingyour

writingviaapatchworkofminutedotsprintedonthepaper.Allthis

information-themovementofyourpenonthepaper,basically—isthenstored

digitallyinsidethepen,whetheryouarewritingnotesordrawingcomplex

diagrams.Youcanstoreupto40pagesworthofdoodlesinthepen*smemory.

Asfarasyouareconcerned,youarejustusinganormalpen.

ItisonlywhenyoudropthepenintoitsPC-connectedcradlethatthe

funbegins.SpecialsoftwareonyourPCwillfigureoutwhatyouhavedonez

andbegintodownloadanydocumentsyouhavewrittensincethelasttimeit

wasthere.Dependingonwhetheryouhavetickedcertainboxesonthespecial

notepad,itcanalsotellwhetherthedocumentisdestinedtobeane-mailz

a"todoHtask,oradiagramtobeinsertedintoaword-processingdocument.

Oncethedocumentsaredownloadedyoucanviewthem,printthemoutorconvert

themtootherformats.

TheioPersonalDigitalPenisaneatandsimplesolutiontotheproblem

ofstoring,sharingandretrievinghandwrittennoteszaswellasforhandling

diagrams,picturesandothernon-textdoodling.Youdon*thavetocarrya

laptopalongwithyou.Allyouhavetodoisjustwhipoutthepenandthe

specialpaperandyouareoff.

Itisagreatproductbecauseitdoesnotforceyoutowork

differently—walkingaroundwithascreenstrappedtoyourarm,orcarrying

withyouextrabitsandpieces.Thepenislightandworkslikeanormalpen

ifyouneeditto,whilethespecialnotepadslookandfeellikenotepads.

Theonlystrangelookswillbefrompeoplewhoarecuriouswhyyouarewriting

withacigar.

TheioPersonalDigitalPenalsohaspotentialelsewhere.FedEx,forexamplez

isintroducingaversionofthepensothatcustomerscanfilloutformsby

hand—insteadofpunchinglettersintocumbersomedevices.Oncethatdatais

digitalmoreorlessanythingcanbedonewithit—transferringitwirelessly

toacentralcomputer,forexample,orviaahand-phone.Doctorscouldtransmit

theirprescriptionsdirectlytopharmacieszreducingfraud；policemencould

sendtheirreportsbacktothestation,reducingpaperwork.

A.AFriendlyandConvenientDevice

B.WaystoDownloadtheStoredInformation

C.ExamplesofOtherPotentialApplicationsoftheIoPen

D.Customers*PassionfortheIoPen

E.FedExtheFirstUseroftheIoPen

F.WorkingPrincipleoftheIoPersonalDigitalPen

23、Paragraph2

24、Paragraph3

25>Paragraph5

26、Paragraph6

27、A.youdon11havetocarryyourlaptopalong

B.theinformationwillbeshowndigitallyonthepen

C.FedExhasspecialsoftwaretostoreyourinformation

D.itworkslikeanordinarypen

E.yousimplyplacethepenintoitscomputerconnectedcradle

F.themovementofyourpenisrecordeddigitallyinsidethepen

ThereisnoneedtolearnhowtousetheioPersonalDigitalPenbecause

28>Ifyouwanttodownloadwhatyouhavedonewiththemagicpen,.

29、Themagicpenisparticularlyconvenientwhenyouworkawayfromhome

orofficebecause.

30>Nomatterwhatyouwriteordraw,.

第4部分：閱讀理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

Mind-readingMachine

AteamofresearchersinCaliforniahasdevelopedawaytopredictwhat

kindsofobjectspeoplearelookingatbyscanningwhat1shappeningintheir

brains.

Whenyoulookatsomething,youreyessendasignalaboutthatobjectto

yourbrain.Differentregionsofthebrainprocesstheinformationyoureyes

send.Cellsinyourbraincalledneuronsareresponsibleforthisprocessing.

ThefMRI(functionalMagneticResonanceImaging)brainscanscould

generallymatchelectricalactivityinthebraintothebasicshapeofapicture

thatsomeonewaslookingat.

Likecellsanywhereelseinyourbody,activeneuronsuseoxygen.Blood

bringsoxygentotheneurons,andthemoreactiveaneuronis,themoreoxygen

itwillconsume.Themoreactivearegionofthebrain,themoreactiveits

neurons,andinturn,themorebloodwilltraveltothatregion.Andbyusing

fMRI,scientistscanvisualizewhichpartsofthebrainreceivemoreoxygen

richbloodandtherefore,whichpartsareworkingtoprocessinformation.

AnfMRImachineisadevicethatscansthebrainandmeasureschangesin

bloodflowtothebrain.Thetechnologyshowsresearchershowbrainactivity

changeswhenapersonthinks,looksatsomething,orcarriesoutanactivity

likespeakingorreading.Byhighlightingtheareasofthebrainatworkwhen

apersonlooksatdifferentimages,fMRImayhelpscientistsdeterminespecific

patternsofbrainactivityassociatedwithdifferentkindsofimages.

TheCaliforniaresearcherstestedbrainactivitybyhavingtwovolunteers

viewhundredsofpicturesofeverydayobjects,likepeople,animals,andfruits.

ThescientistsusedanfMRImachinetorecordthevolunteers1brainactivity

witheachphotographtheylookedat.Differentobjectscauseddifferentregions

ofthevolunteers*brainstolightuponthescan,indicatingactivity.The

scientistsusedthisinformationtobuildamodeltopredicthowthebrain

mightrespondtoanyimagetheeyessee.

Inasecondtest,thescientistsaskedthevolunteerstolookat120new

pictures.Likebefore,theirbrainswerescannedeverytimetheylookedat

anewimage.Thistime,thescientistsusedtheirmodeltomatchthefMRI

scanstotheimage.Forexample,ifascaninthesecondtestshowedthesame

patternofbrainactivitythatwasstrongly,relatedtopicturesofapples

inthefirsttest,theirmodelwouldhavepredictedthevolunteerswerelooking

atapples.

31、Whatisresponsibleforprocessingtheinformationsentbyyoureyes?

A.Asmallregionofthebrain.

B.Thecentralpartofthebrain.

C.Neuronsinthebrain.

D.Oxygenrichblood.

32、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTmeantbythewriter?

A.Cellsinyourbrainarecalledneurons.

B.Themoreoxygenaneuronconsumeszthemoreblooditneeds.

C.fMRIhelpsscientiststodiscoverwhichpartsofthebrainprocess

information.

D.fMRIhelpsscientiststodiscoverhowthebraindevelopsintelligently.

33、'*Highlightingtheareasofthebrainatwork"means.

A."markingthepartsofthebrainthatareprocessinginformation"

B."givinglighttothepartsofthebrainthatareprocessinginformation*1

C."puttingthepartsofthebraintoworkn

D."stoppingthepartsofthebrainfromworkingn

34^Whatdidtheresearchersexperimenton?

A.Animals,objectszandfruits.

B.Twovolunteers.

C.fMRImachines.

D.Thousandsofpictures.

35、Whichofthefollowingcanbethebestreplacementofthetitle?

A.TheRecentDevelopmentinScienceandTechnology.

B.YourThoughtsCanBeScanned.

C.ATechnologicalDream.

D.ADevicethatcanHelpYouCalculate.

弟一^扁

LateralThinking

Lateralthinking（迂回思維），firstdescribedbyEdwarddeBonoin1967,

isjustafewyearsolderthanEdward'sson.YoumightimaginethatCaspar

wasraisedtobeanadventurousthinker,butdeBononamewassofamous,Casper1s

parentsworriedthatanytimehewouldsaysomethingbrightatschool,his

teachersmightsnap,"Wheredoyougetthatideafrom?n

"Wehadtobecarefulandnotoverdoit,nEdwardadmits.NowCasperis

atOxford—whichoncelookedunlikelybecauseheisalsoslightlydyslexic

（誦讀困難）.Infact,whenhewasapplyingtoOxford,noneofhisschoolteachers

thoughthehadachance."Sothenwedidseveralthinkingsessionsz"hisfather

saysz"usingmytechniquesand,whenhewentupfortheexam,hedidextremely

well.nSoonafter,EdwarddeBonodecidedtowritehislatestbook,"Teach

YourChildrenHowtoThink"zinwhichhetransformsthethinkingskillshe

developedforbrain-stormingbusinessmenintoinformalexercisesforparents

andchildrentoshare.

Thinkingistraditionallyregardedassomethingexecutedinalogical

sequencezandeverybodyknowsthatchildrenaren*tverylogical.Soisn*t

itanuphillbattleztryingtoteachthemtothink?"Youknow,”Edwardde

Bonosays,"ifyouexaminepeople1sthinking,itisquiteunusualtofind

faultsoflogic.Butthefaultsofperceptionarehuge!Oftenwethink

ineffectivelybecausewetaketoolimitedaview.H

"TeachYourChildHowtoThinkHofferslessonsinperceptionimprovement,

ofclearlyseeingtheimplicationsofsomethingyouaresayingandofexploring

thealternatives.

36、WhatisTRUEaboutCasper?

A.HeisEdward'sson.

B.Heisanadventurousthinker.

C.Hefirstdescribedlateralthinking.

D.Heisoftenscoldedbyhisteacher.

37、CaspersucceededinapplyingtoOxfordbecause.

A.hewascarefulandoftenoverworked.

B.allofhisschoolteachersthoughthehadachance.

C.heusedintheexamthetechniquesprovidedbyhisfather.

D.hereadthebook"TeachYourChildHowtoThinkHbeforetheexam.

38、ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2thatEdward.

A.waslikelytoimprovechildren1slogicwithhisbook.

B.gaveadescriptionoflateralthinkingseveralyearsafterhisson

wasborn.

C.waspromptedtostudylateralthinkingbecausehissonwasslightly

dyslexic.

D.oncetaughtbusinessmenhowtothinkbeforehewroteforparentsand

children.

39、AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingstatementsexpresses

EdwarddeBono*sview?

A.Everybodyknowsthatchildrenaren1tverylogical.

B.Itisanuphillbattletryingtoteachchildrentothink.

C.Weoftenthinkineffectivelybecausewetaketoolimitedaview.

D.Thinkingistraditionallyregardedassomethingexecutedinalogical

sequence.

40、LateralthinkingreferstothefollowingEXCEPT.

A.improvingone1slogicinthinking.

B.improvingone1sperceptioninthinking.

C.seeingtheimplicationsofwhatyouaresaying.

D.exploringthealternativesforwhatyouaresaying.

—

ListeningtoBirdsong

Amalezebrafinchchirpsawaytohimself.Suddenlyhenoticesafemale

birdnearby.Herealizeshehasanaudienceandimmediatelychangeshissong.

Canthefemaletellthedifferenceinhisperformance?Accordingtoanew

study,thefemalezebrafinchknows.Andsheprefersthespecialtrillshe

createswhenhesingstoher.Amalezebrafinchchangeshissongwhensinging

toafemaleinwaysthatpeoplecanbarelydetect.Butthefemalefinchcan

tellthedifference.

Scientistshadnoticedslightvariationsinthesongsofmalezebrafinches

basedonwhethertheyweresingingaloneorwhethertherewasafemale(and

potentialmate)nearby.Withanaudiencezthemalesspedupthepaceoftheir

songsandcontrolledthenotestheyused.

Forthisstudy,researchersSarahC.WoolleyandAllisonDoupeatthe

UniversityofCalifornia,SanFranciscodecidedtofocusattentiononthe

listeningfemales,whichhavenotbeenwellstudiedinthepast.

Inthestudy,WoolleyandDoupesetupalongcagewithasoundspeaker

ateachend.Onebroadcastthesoundofamalezebrafinchsingingtohimselfz

likesomeonesingingintheshower.Theotherspeakerbroadcastamaleperforming

forafemaleaudience,asifhewasgivingaconcert.

Femalebirdswereplacedbetweenthetwospeakers.Someofthebirdshad

mates.Othersdidn*t.Thefemalesshiftedaroundabit,andthenmostofthem

hoppedovertositbesidejustonespeaker.Allthebirdsthatmadeaclear

1

choicelikedsongsmeantforafemaleaudiencezeveniftheydnevermetthe

male.

Matedfemalesalsohadachancetolistentotwodifferentperformances

songs,onefromanunknownmale,andonefromtheirmate.Theyspentmore

timelisteningtotheconcertversionoftheirmates*songs.Thissuggests

thatafterawhile,femaleslearntorecognize—andprefer—thesongsoftheir

mates.

Scientiststhenstudiedthebrainsofthefemales.Theyfoundcertainareas

ofthebrainperkedupwhenthebirdslistenedtotheconcertsongs.These

brainsareasmaybeinvolvedinrecognizingandevaluatingthesongs,and

storingthememoriesofthem.

Thisresearchdealswithwhat*scalleddirectedcommunication,whenthe

communicatororsender,focusesthemessageforaspecificaudience.Oneexample

isthewaymomsspeaktotheirbabies.Mothersaroundtheworldusethesame

sortofhigh-pitchedsing-songchatter,andthebabiesrespondbesttothose

sounds.Songbirdsareoneoftheonlyotherspeciesknowntolearntheir

communicationzinthiscasetheirsongs.

41、Whatdoesthefirstparagraphsayaboutzebrafinches?

A.Malezebrafinchesliketosingtofemalezebrafinches.

B.Malezebrafinchessinglouderthanfemalezebrafinches.

C.Malezebrafincheschangetheirsongsinfemalezebrafinches*presence.

D.Malezebrafinchesliketolistentofemalezebrafinchessing.

42、Whatdidtheresearchersfindintheirstudyoffemalezebrafinches?

A.Femalefinches