暑假作業(yè)14閱讀理解七選五(結(jié)合必修一至選必一的單元話題)

暑假作業(yè)14閱讀理解七選五(必修一至選必一的單元話題)Passage1Highschoolcanbeanexcitingyetchallengingexperienceformanystudents.Readonandtakealookatthefollowingsuggestionstohelpyoumakeitthroughthisperiodofyourlife.Takeyourstudiesseriously.Highschoolisatimetostartthinkingaboutyourfuture.Goodgradeswillopenmanydoorsforyou,includinghighereducationopportunitiesandpersonalgrowth.1Ifyoufindyourselfstrugglingwithyourstudies,youcanseekhelpfromyourteachersandparents.2Highschoolcanbechallengingwithalotofworkandactivities.Effectivetimemanagementhelpsyouorganizetasks,planschedules,andachievegoalswell.Andmanyfactsprovethatpracticinggoodtimemanagementinhighschoolcanbuildastrongfoundationforsuccessincollegeorinfuturejobs.Makegooduseoftheresourcesinyourschool.Highschoolsoffermanykindsofresourcesthatcanhelpyoutolearnandachievepersonalgrowth.3Bytakingadvantageoftheseresources,youcandevelopstudy,socialandpersonalskills.So,explorealltheresourcestodevelopyourselfintoanintelligentandallroundperson.Beopentomakingnewfriends.Hangingoutwithfriendsisgreat.However,it’sbettertostepoutofyourfamiliarenvironmentandintroduceyourselftonewpeople.Makingnewfriendscanopenupmorepossibilities,sharpenyoursocialskills,andbuildasupportsystemforyou.4Takecareofyourmentalhealth.Highschoollifeisstressfulformanyreasons,andit’simportanttopayattentiontoyourmentalhealth.5Also,youcantalktoatrustedadultifyoufacepressure,anxiety,orotherhealthproblems.A.Developgoodtimemanagementskills.B.Theyincludelibraries,labs,gymsandmore.C.Moreover,friendscanbringjoyandhappinesstoyourlife.D.So,makesureyouareputtingstudiesatthetopofyourlist.E.It’satimeofchange,growth,explorationandselfdiscovery.F.Takingagoodrestandgettingexercisecanhelpreducestress.G.Exchangeprogramsofferyouanopportunitytoexperiencenewcultures.【答案】1.D2.A3.B4.C5.F【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了給高一新生的建議，包括認真學(xué)習(xí)，培養(yǎng)良好的時間管理技能等。1.上文“Highschoolisatimetostartthinkingaboutyourfuture.Goodgradeswillopenmanydoorsforyou,includinghighereducationopportunitiesandpersonalgrowth.(高中是一個開始思考未來的時刻。好成績將為你打開許多大門，包括高等教育機會和個人成長)”說明高中學(xué)習(xí)的重要性?？仗幒颓拔臑橐蚬P(guān)系，說明高中認真學(xué)習(xí)非常重要，因此學(xué)習(xí)是高中要完成的首要任務(wù)。D項中的“puttingstudiesatthetopofyourlist”和前文中的“Goodgradeswillopenmanydoorsforyou”相呼應(yīng)，所以D項“所以，一定要把學(xué)習(xí)放在首要位置”符合語境。故選D。2.下文“Highschoolcanbechallengingwithalotofworkandactivities.Effectivetimemanagementhelpsyouorganizetasks,planschedules,andachievegoalswell.(高中生活充滿挑戰(zhàn)，有很多工作和活動。有效的時間管理可以幫助您組織任務(wù)、計劃時間表并很好地實現(xiàn)目標(biāo))”說明本段講述高中生應(yīng)該培養(yǎng)時間管理能力。A項“培養(yǎng)良好的時間管理技能”適合作本段的主旨句，統(tǒng)領(lǐng)全段。故選A。3.上文“Highschoolsoffermanykindsofresourcesthatcanhelpyoutolearnandachievepersonalgrowth.(高中提供了多種資源，可以幫助你學(xué)習(xí)和實現(xiàn)個人成長)”說明高中的各種資源有助于學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)?？仗庬樈忧拔模M一步說明學(xué)校的資源有哪些。B項中的They指代前文中的“manykindsofresources”，說明學(xué)校資源包括圖書館、實驗室、健身房等。故選B。4.上文“Makingnewfriendscanopenupmorepossibilities,sharpenyoursocialskills,andbuildasupportsystemforyou.(結(jié)交新朋友可以打開更多的可能性，提高你的社交能力，并為你建立一個支持系統(tǒng))”說明結(jié)交新朋友對高中生的好處?？仗幒颓拔臑檫f進關(guān)系，進一步說明交朋友的好處。C項中的“friends”是前文中該詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)，所以C項“此外，朋友可以給你的生活帶來歡樂和幸?！狈险Z境。故選C。5.上文“Takecareofyourmentalhealth.(照顧好你的心理健康)”以及下文“Also,youcantalktoatrustedadultifyoufacepressure,anxiety,orotherhealthproblems.(此外，如果你面臨壓力、焦慮或其他健康問題，你可以與值得信賴的成年人交談)”說明本段講述如何照顧好學(xué)生的心理問題。空處和下文并列說明如何減輕學(xué)生的壓力。F項中的“helpreducestress”和下文中的“ifyoufacepressure,anxiety,orotherhealthproblems”相呼應(yīng)，說明好好休息和鍛煉有助于減輕壓力。故選F。Passage2municationisimportantinallfamilies.Familieswithhealthymunicationformstrongconnectionswithoneanother.6.Actuallytalk.7Forinstance,inadditiontoanswering“Fine”whenyourparentsaskhowschoolwent,tryaddingananecdote(軼事)abouttheday.Thiswillhelpwhenyouneedtotalkaboutthebigthings.Askthemabouttheirday.Thisonecanhelpyouwiththefirstpoint.8.Ifthey’restayhomeparents,askthemabouthowthedayathomewent.Suchsmalltalkwon’tbesmalltothem.It’llbeabigdeal,andthey’llappreciateit.Dothesmallthings.Whenwesaysmallthings,wemeanthingslikehelpingclearthedinnertable,helpingputawaygroceries,andnotleavingpersonalbelongingsaroundthehouse.Thosearelittlethings,allofthem.9,whichcanmakethingsbetweenyouandyourparentsbetter.Dothebigthings.Whatwemeanhereisthebasicstuffyouhearfromadultsallthetime—showupforschool,orberespectfultoteachers.10.Thatwillbeokay,because—basedontips12—you’llbeabletomunicateaboutthosethings,clearupmisunderstandings,anddobetternexttime.TellthemyoulovethemIfyousaythatandhugthem,well—youwin.A.Thistipwillmakethemseemmorerealtoyou.B.Weknowyou’renotperfectandyouwillmakemistakes.C.But,ifyoudothosethings,you’llbuilduplotsofgoodwill.D.Thismeanstakingpartinrealconversationswithyourparents.E.It’snevertoolatetoopenthoselinesofmunicationbackup.F.Thefollowingtipscanimproveyourmunicationwithparents.G.Iftheyareworkers,askabouttheirjobs.【答案】6.F7.D8.G9.C10.B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，文章介紹了能幫助青少年改善與家長的溝通幾點建議。6.分析設(shè)空，位于首段段尾，應(yīng)點出本文主題，引出下文；根據(jù)前文“municationisimportantinallfamilies.Familieswithhealthymunicationformstrongconnectionswithoneanother.(溝通在所有家庭中都很重要。健康溝通的家庭彼此之間形成牢固的聯(lián)系)”可知，提到溝通對于所有家庭都很重要，所以F項“Thefollowingtipscanimproveyourmunicationwithparents.(下面的建議可以提高你與父母的溝通)”承接上文，點出主題引領(lǐng)下文，符合語境。故選F項。7.設(shè)空處位于段首句；根據(jù)后文“Forinstance,inadditiontoanswering“Fine”whenyourparentsaskhowschoolwent,tryaddingananecdote(軼事)abouttheday.Thiswillhelpwhenyouneedtotalkaboutthebigthings.(例如，當(dāng)你的父母問你學(xué)校過得怎么樣時，除了回答“很好”之外，試著加上一件關(guān)于當(dāng)天的軼事。當(dāng)你需要談?wù)摯笫聲r，這將會有所幫助)”可知，本段主要講述了要與父母真正地有內(nèi)容的交談，而非表面上的閑聊或敷衍。所以D項“Thismeanstakingpartinrealconversationswithyourparents.(這意味著和你的父母進行真實的對話)”符合本段主旨，該選項闡述了小標(biāo)題“Actuallytalk.(真正地交談)”所要表達的意思，選項中的代詞“This”指代小標(biāo)題。故選D項。8.根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Askthemabouttheirday.(問問他們這一天過得怎么樣)”，以及根據(jù)后文“Ifthey’restayhomeparents,askthemabouthowthedayathomewent.(如果他們是全職父母，問問他們在家里過得怎么樣)”可知，此處是在舉例怎么開始談話，所以G項“Iftheyareworkers,askabouttheirjobs.(如果他們是工人，詢問他們的工作)”符合主題，與設(shè)空處后一句的句式結(jié)構(gòu)相同。故選G項。9.根據(jù)前文“Whenwesaysmallthings,wemeanthingslikehelpingclearthedinnertable,helpingputawaygroceries,andnotleavingpersonalbelongingsaroundthehouse.Thosearelittlethings,allofthem.(當(dāng)我們說小事時，我們指的是幫助清理餐桌，幫助收拾雜貨，不把私人物品放在家里。這些都是小事)”可知，C項“But,ifyoudothosethings,you’llbuilduplotsofgoodwill.(但是，如果你做了這些事情，你會建立很多善意)”是在說明，做了前文所說的小事情能夠帶來的好的結(jié)果，且和前文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，符合語境。故選C項。10.根據(jù)前文“Whatwemeanhereisthebasicstuffyouhearfromadultsallthetime—showupforschool,orberespectfultoteachers.(我們這里的意思是你一直從成年人那里聽到的基本的東西——去上學(xué)，或者尊重老師)”可知，此處說明了你應(yīng)該完成重要的事情，也就是你經(jīng)常聽成年人說到的事情，例如，好好上學(xué)、尊重老師，后文“Thatwillbeokay,because—basedontips12—you’llbeabletomunicateaboutthosethings,clearupmisunderstandings,anddobetternexttime.(沒關(guān)系，因為基于12條建議，你將能夠就這些事情進行溝通，消除誤解，并在下次做得更好)”指出：那也沒關(guān)系，因為根據(jù)前兩點建議，你能夠好好溝通這些事情，消除誤解，下次做得更好，所以B項“Weknowyou’renotperfectandyouwillmakemistakes.(我們知道你不是完美的，你會犯錯誤)”符合語境。下文中的“thosethings”指代B項中的“mistakes”。故選B項。Passage3Whileitseemslikesomepeoplearenaturallymoresociablethanothers,thefactisthatallhumanbeingsaresocial.Armedwithsomeskills,itispossibletotrainoneselftobeemoresocial.11.Belesscritical(批判性的).12.Theyavoidsocialinteractionbecausetheyareafraidofbeingjudgedbyothers,orjudgmentaltowardothers.Itisimportanttoacceptthateverybody,nomatterhowtheymayseemontheoutside,hasbothpositiveandnegativequalities.Whatseparatestheconfidentpeoplefromtheinsecurepeopleistheattitudethattheyhavetowardthemselvesandtheactivefocusonlivingafulfillingsociallife.Don’toveranalyzeyourinteractions.Itisvitaltobreakthehabitofanticipatingwhatsocialinteractionswillbelikebeforetheyhappen,andofoveranalyzingthemoncetheyareover.Ratherthanfocusingonwhatmaygowrong,approacheverynewsocialinteractionwithacleanstateandapositiveattitude.13,focusonthepositivethingsratherthanthenegativeones.Evenifitwasn’tthemosteventfulinteractionofyourlife,trytoidentifyonegoodexperiencefromeachinteractionyouhave,evenifitisassimpleashavingbeenabletomakesomebodylaugh.14.Interestingly,shypeoplewhofeelinvisibleandunwantedalsotendtofeelliketheyareconstantlyunderaspotlight,beingwatchedandcriticizedbyothers.Thisstrangeparadox(悖論)ofshynessiswhatpreventspeoplefromfeelingfortablebeingthemselvesinfrontofothers.Thisdoesn’tmeanthatyoushouldfeellikeanunimportantperson,butrather,thatyoushouldacknowledgethatyouareyourownworstcritic.15.A.WhenreflectingonpastinteractionsB.Realizethatyou’renotthatbigofadealC.JustbreakoutofyourfortzoneandtrythemoutD.OtherpeoplearesimplytoobusytoconstantlyjudgeyouE.WhileyouaresocaughtupintheirownlivesandinteractionsF.SomepeopletendtoconstantlycriticizeboththemselvesandpeoplearoundG.Overthinkingisusuallywhatpreventspeoplefromenjoyingsocialinteraction【答案】11.C12.F13.A14.B15.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了3種提高社交能力的方法。11.根據(jù)上文“Whileitseemslikesomepeoplearenaturallymoresociablethanothers,thefactisthatallhumanbeingsaresocial.Armedwithsomeskills,itispossibletotrainoneselftobeemoresocial.(雖然看起來有些人天生比其他人更善于交際，但事實是，所有人都是善于交際的。有了一些技能，就有可能訓(xùn)練自己變得更善于交際。)”和下文“Belesscritical(批判性的).(不要那么挑剔。)”，“Don’toveranalyzeyourinteractions.(不要過度分析你的互動。)”可知，文章接下來介紹的是訓(xùn)練自己變得更善于交際的一些技能。選項C“僅僅跳出你的舒適區(qū)，嘗試一下”和上下文意思一致。故選C。12.根據(jù)下文“Theyavoidsocialinteractionbecausetheyareafraidofbeingjudgedbyothers,orjudgmentaltowardothers.(他們避免社交，因為他們害怕被別人評判，或者對別人評頭論足。)”可知，這里介紹一些人為什么會避免社交。選項F“有些人經(jīng)常批評自己和周圍的人”和下文意思一致。故選F。13.根據(jù)上文“Itisvitaltobreakthehabitofanticipatingwhatsocialinteractionswillbelikebeforetheyhappen,andofoveranalyzingthemoncetheyareover.Ratherthanfocusingonwhatmaygowrong,approacheverynewsocialinteractionwithacleanstateandapositiveattitude.(重要的是要打破在社交互動發(fā)生之前就預(yù)測會是什么樣子的習(xí)慣，以及在社交互動結(jié)束后過度分析的習(xí)慣。與其關(guān)注可能出現(xiàn)的問題，不如以清新的狀態(tài)和積極的態(tài)度對待每一次新的社交活動。)”和下文“focusonthepositivethingsratherthanthenegativeones.(關(guān)注積極的事情而不是消極的事情。)”可知，這里建議社交之后要積極的面對。選項A“當(dāng)反思過去的互動時”作時間狀語從句，和上下文意思一致。故選A。14.根據(jù)下文“Interestingly,shypeoplewhofeelinvisibleandunwantedalsotendtofeelliketheyareconstantlyunderaspotlight,beingwatchedandcriticizedbyothers.Thisstrangeparadox(悖論)ofshynessiswhatpreventspeoplefromfeelingfortablebeingthemselvesinfrontofothers.Thisdoesn’tmeanthatyoushouldfeellikeanunimportantperson,butrather,thatyoushouldacknowledgethatyouareyourownworstcritic.(有趣的是，那些覺得自己被忽視和不受歡迎的害羞的人也往往會覺得自己一直處于聚光燈下，受到他人的關(guān)注和批評。這種奇怪的害羞悖論使人們在別人面前感到自在。這并不意味著你應(yīng)該覺得自己是一個不重要的人，而是你應(yīng)該承認自己是最糟糕的批評者。)”可知，這里建議人們不要認為自己很重要。選項B“要意識到你沒什么大不了的”和下文意思一致。故選B。15.根據(jù)上文“Thisstrangeparadox(悖論)ofshynessiswhatpreventspeoplefromfeelingfortablebeingthemselvesinfrontofothers.Thisdoesn’tmeanthatyoushouldfeellikeanunimportantperson,butrather,thatyoushouldacknowledgethatyouareyourownworstcritic.(這種奇怪的害羞悖論使人們在別人面前感到自在。這并不意味著你應(yīng)該覺得自己是一個不重要的人，而是你應(yīng)該承認自己是最糟糕的批評者。)”可知，這里說明只是你自己對自己評論，而其他人不會經(jīng)常這樣做。選項D“其他人只是太忙了，無法經(jīng)常評判你”和上文意思一致。故選D。Passage4(20232024學(xué)年高一上·江蘇揚州·期末)Obesity(肥胖癥),AGlobalProblemAndrewWilsonwasalwaysabigkid.Duringhis20sand30shekepthisweightincontrolbyplayingsport.16Afterthat,hewastryingtoloseweight.Hewatchedwhatheateandexercised.17Hetriedmanydiets.Hewouldlose10to20kilograms,butthentheweightwouldreturn,andmore.Andrewiscertainlynotalone.Obesityaffectsallareasofsociety.18InSouthandSoutheastAsia,thenumberofpeoplesufferingfromobesityispredictedtodoublebetween2010and2030.Howdidallthiseabout?Theproblemisthatinrecentdecadesourlifestylehaschangeddramatically.Mostpeopleintheworldareeatinghighenergydiets.19ThinkofaphotofromAsiainthe1970s—everyonewasonabicycle.Todaythey’reridingincars.Thegoodnewsis,there’splentythatcanbedone.Whilethemaintreatmentforobesityisstillsurgery,newmedicinesareingavailable.20Governmentsalsoprovideuswithgreenopenspacestodophysicalactivity.Anothereffectivesolutionoverseasistointroduceataxonsugarydrinks.A.Atthesametimewe’removingless.B.Still,hisweightincreasedto200kilograms.C.Humansaren’tmeanttohavedietslikethat.D.Peopleeverywherearelivingwithextraweightorobesity.E.Soon,expertspredict,obesitywillbemonlytreatedwithregularpills.F.Mostpeoplehaveafeelingofhavingfinishedameal,buthealwaysfelthungry.G.However,whenhisfamilyhitatroubleandhewasunderpressure,heputonweightquickly.【答案】16.G17.B18.D19.A20.E【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是肥胖產(chǎn)生的原因和解決肥胖的方法。16.空前“Duringhis20sand30shekepthisweightincontrolbyplayingsport.(在他二三十歲的時候，他通過運動來控制體重。)”說明他想控制體重，空后“Afterthat,hewastryingtoloseweight.(從那以后，他一直在努力減肥。)”說明他要減肥，空格處應(yīng)該說他長胖，G選項“However,whenhisfamilyhitatroubleandhewasunderpressure,heputonweightquickly.(然而，當(dāng)他的家庭遇到麻煩，他承受壓力時，他的體重很快就增加了。)”說明他長胖了，因此承上啟下，符合語境，故選G。17.空前“Afterthat,hewastryingtoloseweight.Hewatchedwhatheateandexercised.(從那以后，他一直在努力減肥。他注意飲食和鍛煉。)”說明了他努力減肥，空格處應(yīng)該說他減肥是否有效，空后“Hetriedmanydiets.Hewouldlose10to20kilograms,butthentheweightwouldreturn,andmore.(他嘗試了許多飲食方法。他會減掉10到20公斤，但隨后體重會反彈，甚至更多。)”說明他減肥是無效的，空格處應(yīng)該說他減肥沒有用，B選項“Still,hisweightincreasedto200kilograms.(但是，他的體重增加到了200公斤。)”說明他體重增加了，也就是減肥沒有效果，因此承上啟下，符合語境，故選B。18.空前“Andrewiscertainlynotalone.Obesityaffectsallareasofsociety.(安德魯當(dāng)然不是一個人。肥胖影響著社會的各個領(lǐng)域。)”說明肥胖影響很多方面，空格處應(yīng)該詳細闡述這種廣泛的影響，D選項“Peopleeverywherearelivingwithextraweightorobesity.(世界各地的人們都超重或肥胖。)”說明了肥胖的影響面很廣，因此承接上文，符合語境，故選D。19.空前“Theproblemisthatinrecentdecadesourlifestylehaschangeddramatically.Mostpeopleintheworldareeatinghighenergydiets.(問題是近幾十年來我們的生活方式發(fā)生了巨大的變化。世界上大多數(shù)人都在吃高能量飲食。)”說明了近幾十年我們生活方式上發(fā)生的巨大變化，空格處也應(yīng)該是某種生活方式的變化，A選項“Atthesametimewe’removingless.(與此同時，我們運動地更少了。)”說明了我們活動更少了，是生活方式上的變化，因此承接上文，符合語境，故選A。20.空前“Whilethemaintreatmentforobesityisstillsurgery,newmedicinesareingavailable.(雖然治療肥胖的主要方法仍然是手術(shù)，但新的藥物正在出現(xiàn)。)”說明了新的藥物正在出現(xiàn)，空格處應(yīng)該說這種藥物會有什么好處，E選項“Soon,expertspredict,obesitywillbemonlytreatedwithregularpills.(專家預(yù)測，不久以后，肥胖將普遍使用常規(guī)藥物治療。)”說明將來人們會用藥來治療肥胖，承接上文，符合語境，故選E。Passage5Scarymoviesaresomethingyoueitherreallyloveoravoidatallcosts.Generally,peopleshouldberunningawayfromthingsthatbringfear.21Itisalittleconfusing.AccordingtopsychologistBrownlowe,thereareafewdifferentreasonsbehindwhypeoplelikescarymovies.Peoplelikethefeelingtheygetwhenthey’rescared.Somepeoplereactdifferentlytothingsthatarescary.Astudyfoundthatpeoplewholikescarymoviestendtoenjoyreallystrongfeelingslikefear.Whenyou’rescared,yourbrain’simmediateresponseistofightorflight.22Forexample,yourheartmayraceandyourmusclesmaytense.Itcanevencauseyoutoscreamorjump.“Believeitornot,forsomepeople,thisisalotoffun,”Brownlowesays.Itfeelsgoodtogetthroughascarymovie.23AccordingtoBrownlowe,there’sagoodreasonwhyscarymoviesreducenervousness.“Theexperienceofyourbraincalmingitselfdownafterwatchingascarymovieisactuallyverydazzling,”Brownlowesays.“That’sbecausethedopamine(多巴胺)releasecausesanincreasedsenseofwellbeing.”Atthesametime,italsofeelsgoodtogointoanexperiencethatseemsscaryor“risky”andtheneoutsafeandsound.AsBrownlowesays,“24Tosomeextent,itcanmakethingsthatseemedchallengingeasiertodealwithinthefuture.”Forexample,somepeoplemayfindthatafterwatchingaHalloweenScareFest,it’snotasscarytoasktheirbossforaraise,ortogiveapublicspeech.25Watchingascarymovieisanidealwaytogetclosertoothers.Astudyfoundthatfeararousingsituations,likewatchingascarymovie,canincreasetheattractionbetweentwopeople.Asidefromincreasingattraction,itcanevenbringyouclosertogether.Someeventhinkthatscarymoviestouchadeeperpartofourcollectiveconsciousnessashumans.“Itdrawsuscloserwhenwehaveasharedexperienceofbeingterrifiedofthedark,orghosts,orkillers,”Brownlowesays.A.Itchangesourattitudestorisk.B.It’sagreatwaytomakenewfriends.C.Peoplefeelmoreconnectedtoothers.D.Itpushespeopleintochoosingsimpletasks.E.Whenthishappens,yourentirebodycanreact.F.Butscarymovieshaveawayofdrawingpeoplein.G.Someanxiouspeoplemayfindscarymoviesforting.【答案】21.F22.E23.G24.A25.C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了人們喜歡恐怖電影的背后的幾個原因。21.根據(jù)上文“Scarymoviesaresomethingyoueitherreallyloveoravoidatallcosts.Generally,peopleshouldberunningawayfromthingsthatbringfear.(恐怖電影是你要么真的很喜歡，要么不惜一切代價避免的東西。一般來說，人們應(yīng)該遠離帶來恐懼的事物)”以及后文“Itisalittleconfusing.AccordingtopsychologistBrownlowe,thereareafewdifferentreasonsbehindwhypeoplelikescarymovies.(這有點令人困惑。根據(jù)心理學(xué)家布朗洛的說法，人們喜歡恐怖電影的背后有幾個不同的原因)”可知，本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出人們被恐懼電影吸引，故F選項“但是恐怖電影有吸引人的方法”符合語境，故選F。22.根據(jù)上文“Somepeoplereactdifferentlytothingsthatarescary.Astudyfoundthatpeoplewholikescarymoviestendtoenjoyreallystrongfeelingslikefear.Whenyou’rescared,yourbrain’simmediateresponseistofightorflight.(有些人對可怕的事情反應(yīng)不同。一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，喜歡恐怖電影的人往往喜歡真正強烈的感覺，比如恐懼。當(dāng)你害怕的時候，你的大腦的第一反應(yīng)是戰(zhàn)斗或逃跑)”以及后文“Forexample,yourheartmayraceandyourmusclesmaytense.Itcanevencauseyoutoscreamorjump.“Believeitornot,forsomepeople,thisisalotoffun,”Brownlowesays.(例如，你的心跳加速，肌肉緊張。它甚至?xí)屇慵饨谢蛱饋怼！靶挪恍庞赡?，對一些人來說，這很有趣，”布朗洛說)”可知，后文提到了因為害怕心跳加速，肌肉緊張，說明身體會對此做出反應(yīng)。故E選項“當(dāng)這種情況發(fā)生時，你的整個身體都會做出反應(yīng)”符合語境，故選E。23.根據(jù)后文“AccordingtoBrownlowe,there’sagoodreasonwhyscarymoviesreducenervousness.“Theexperienceofyourbraincalmingitselfdownafterwatchingascarymovieisactuallyverydazzling,”Brownlowesays.“That’sbecausethedopamine(多巴胺)releasecausesanincreasedsenseofwellbeing.”(根據(jù)布朗洛的說法，恐怖片能減輕緊張情緒是有原因的。布朗洛說：“看完恐怖電影后，大腦平靜下來的經(jīng)歷實際上是非常令人眼花繚亂的。這是因為多巴胺的釋放會增加幸福感。”)”可知，后文提到恐怖片能減輕緊張情緒，并且看完恐怖電影，大腦因為多巴胺的釋放會增加幸福感，說明一些焦慮的人會發(fā)現(xiàn)恐怖電影可以緩解他們的情緒。故G選項“一些焦慮的人可能會覺得恐怖電影很安慰”符合語境，故選G。24.根據(jù)上文“Atthesametime,italsofeelsgoodtogointoanexperiencethatseemsscaryor“risky”andtheneoutsafeandsound.(與此同時，進入一個看似可怕或“冒險”的體驗，然后安然無恙地出來，感覺也很好)”以及后文“Tosomeextent,itcanmakethingsthatseemedchallengingeasiertodealwithinthefuture.(在某種程度上，它可以使那些看起來具有挑戰(zhàn)性的事情在未來更容易處理)”可知，后文提到恐怖電影“可以使那些看起來具有挑戰(zhàn)性的事情在未來更容易處理”，即恐怖電影可以改變我們對風(fēng)險的看法或態(tài)度，故A選項“它改變了我們對風(fēng)險的態(tài)度”符合語境，故選A。25.根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Watchingascarymovieisanidealwaytogetclosertoothers.Astudyfoundthatfeararousingsituations,likewatchingascarymovie,canincreasetheattractionbetweentwopeople.Asidefromincreasingattraction,itcanevenbringyouclosertogether.Someeventhinkthatscarymoviestouchadeeperpartofourcollectiveconsciousnessashumans.“Itdrawsuscloserwhenwehaveasharedexperienceofbeingterrifiedofthedark,orghosts,orkillers,”Brownlowesays.(看恐怖電影是拉近與他人關(guān)系的理想方式。一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，令人恐懼的場景，比如看恐怖電影，可以增加兩個人之間的吸引力。除了增加吸引力，它甚至可以拉近你們的距離。有些人甚至認為恐怖電影觸及了人類集體意識的更深層部分。布朗洛說：“當(dāng)我們共同經(jīng)歷對黑暗、鬼魂或殺手的恐懼時，它會拉近我們的距離?！?”可知，本段的主旨是看恐怖電影可以與他人的聯(lián)系更緊密。故C選項“人們感覺與他人聯(lián)系更緊密”符合語境，故選C。Passage6Haveyouevertriedreadingmusic?Ifso,youprobablynoticedalotofnewsymbolsandwords.Maybeyousawthewordprestoatthebeginning.Perhapsyoureadpianoandcrescendothroughoutthesong.26Ormaybeyoudidn’t—ifyouknewhowtoreadItalian!Italianissometimescalledthelanguagethatsings.27However,thelinkbetweenItalianandmusicisdeeperthanthat.Today,musicalvocabularyisfullofItalianwords.However,itwasn’talwaysso.Thousandsofyearsago,peopledidn’twritemusic.Instead,theypassedsongsdownorallyandtaughteachothertoplaythemoninstruments.28Later,peopleinSpainandItalybeganputtingmusictopaperforuseinchurchchoirs(教堂唱詩班).Around1000CE,anItalianmannamedGuidod’Arezzocameupwiththefourlinedstaff(四線譜),whicheventuallyledtothedevelopmentofthefivelinedstaffstillusedinmodernmusictoday.Overthenextfewcenturies,manyofthepeoplewritingmusicwereItalian.Ofcourse,peopleinotherpartsoftheworldwerewritingmusic,too.Inanefforttostandardizewrittenmusic,manyofthemusedItalianterms.29Forexample,BeethovensometimesusedGermanwordsinsteadofItalian.ClaudeDebussyusedFrenchin“ClairdeLune”.30Youmightalreadybefamiliarwithsometerms!Oneexampleistempo—thespeedofapieceofmusic.Markingsinwrittenmusictelltheplayerwhenthemusicshouldbeadagio(slow),orallegro(fast).Thedynamics,orvolume,ofapieceofmusicmightbeginwithpiano(soft),thencrescendo(getlouder)andfinallyfortissimo(veryloud).A.Manythinkitsoundsmusical.B.Otherswrotemusicintheirownlanguages.C.Still,Italianistheprimarylanguageusedinmusic.D.Youprobablyneededtoaskyourteacherwhatthesewordsmeant.E.Learningtoreadmusicisanimportantpartofpracticingthoseskills.F.Peoplewhowritemusicevenhavewaystomunicatetechniques.G.AncientpeopleinBabylonia,Greece,andRomeweresomeoftheearliesttowritemusic.【答案】26.D27.A28.G29.B30.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章簡要介紹了樂譜上的音樂術(shù)語及其相關(guān)歷史。26.上文“Maybeyousawthewordprestoatthebeginning.Perhapsyoureadpianoandcrescendothroughoutthesong.(也許你在開始的時候看到了presto這個詞。也許你讀了整首歌的piano和crescendo)”列舉了一些樂譜中會出現(xiàn)的新詞；下文“Ormaybeyoudidn’t—ifyouknewhowtoreadItalian!(也許你不會——如果你知道怎么讀意大利語的話)”提到如果你知道如何讀意大利語，你不會做某件事。由此可知，本空應(yīng)該與你是否了解上文所提到的新詞有關(guān)，故D項“你可能需要問你的老師這些詞是什么意思”符合語境。下文提到的“你不會做的某件事”指D項中的askyourteacherwhatthesewordsmeant。D項中的thesewords指代上文中的thewordpresto和pianoandcrescendo。故選D。27.上文“Italianissometimescalledthelanguagethatsings.(意大利語有時被稱為唱歌的語言)”指出意大利語有時被稱為唱歌的語言，下文“However,thelinkbetweenItalianandmusicisdeeperthanthat.(然而，意大利語和音樂之間的聯(lián)系遠不止于此)”指出意大利語和音樂之間的聯(lián)系很深。由此可知，本空應(yīng)該與意大利語和音樂之間的關(guān)系有關(guān)，故A項“意大利語聽起來像音樂”符合語境。A項中的it指代上文中的Italian，且musical與下文中的music是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系。故選A。28.上文“Thousandsofyearsago,peopledidn’twritemusic.Instead,theypassedsongsdownorallyandtaughteachothertoplaythemoninstruments.(幾千年前，人們不寫音樂。相反，他們口頭傳遞歌曲，并互相教對方用樂器演奏)”指出幾千年以前，人們不會寫樂譜，而是通過口頭傳唱、相互教對方用樂器演奏的方式傳承音樂；下文“Later,peopleinSpainandItalybeganputtingmusictopaperforuseinchurchchoirs(教堂唱詩班).(后來，西班牙和意大利的人們開始把音樂寫在紙上，供教堂唱詩班使用)”指出后來西班牙人和意大利人開始把音樂寫在紙上，供教堂唱詩班使用。由此可知，本空應(yīng)該與什么人開始寫樂譜有關(guān)，且與下文內(nèi)容之間是順承關(guān)系，故G項“古巴比倫尼亞、古希臘和古羅馬的人是最早寫樂譜的人”符合語境。G項中的theearliest呼應(yīng)下文中的Later，且writemusic呼應(yīng)下文中的puttingmusictopaper。故選G。29.上文“Ofcourse,peopleinotherpartsoftheworldwerewritingmusic,too.Inanefforttostandardizewrittenmusic,manyofthemusedItalianterms.(當(dāng)然，世界上其他地方的人也在創(chuàng)作音樂。為了使書面音樂標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，他們中的許多人使用了意大利語術(shù)語)”指出世界上不同地方的人都會寫樂譜，但為了使樂譜標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，很多人都使用意大利語的音樂術(shù)語；下文“Forexample,BeethovensometimesusedGermanwordsinsteadofItalian.ClaudeDebussyusedFrenchin“ClairdeLune”.(例如，貝多芬有時用德語而不是意大利語?？藙诘隆さ卤胛髟凇对鹿狻分惺褂昧朔ㄕZ)”列舉貝多芬用德語寫樂譜和克勞德·德彪西(ClaudeDebussy)用法語寫出了鋼琴曲《月光》(“ClairdeLune”)。由此可知，除了意大利語，也有人用其他語言寫樂譜，故B項“其他人用自己的語言寫音樂”符合語境。B項中的wrote與上文中的writing和written是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系，且theirownlanguages呼應(yīng)下文中的Germanwords和French。故選B。30.根據(jù)下文中的“Youmightalreadybefamiliarwithsometerms!(你可能已經(jīng)熟悉了一些術(shù)語)”和列舉的一些意大利語的音樂術(shù)語可知，本段具體介紹一些意大利語的音樂術(shù)語的含義，且本空應(yīng)為本段主旨句，故C項“意大利語仍然是樂譜中使用的主要語言”符合語境，并呼應(yīng)首段內(nèi)容。故選C。Passage7Sayyou’reonvacationatNiagaraFalls.Youwanttotakeanamazingphotothatcaptures(捕捉)theexceptionalbeautyofthewaterfalls.31Thethingisyou’renotaprofessionalphotographer.So,whatdoyoudo?Herearesometipsthatcanstepupyourphotographygame.32Beforeyousnap(拍攝)ashot,askyourself:Whatareyoutryingtodocumentandwhy?Thatmaybeassimpleassayingtoyourself:“I’mgoingtotakeapictureofthispaintingatthemuseumbecauseIlikethecolors.”Itcanhelpyoufocusonwhatyouwanttoremember.Makeashotlist.Professionalphotographersoftencreate“shotlists”—achecklistofeveryphototheyhopetocapture,alongwithnotesonstyleandposition—toensuretheygetthecoveragetheyneed.Youcantrythissameapproachonyourvacation.33Capturetheordinary.34Thesescenesmaynotfeelimpressiveenoughtophotographinthemoment,butthey’reonesyou’relikelytowanttorememberafteryourtripisover.Theimagesmaybeassimpleasyourdadnapping(打盹)ontheplaneoryourbelovedbackpack.Studyyourphotos.Itcanbehardtoappreciateyourphotosintherushofatrip.35You’llmostlikelyfindsomesurprises—aglance(一瞥)ofafriendinthebackgroundoradangling(懸掛的)flowerfromatreebranch.Keepaneyeoutforanythingthatmakesyouhappy.Aboveall,whatmattersisthatthephotoismeaningfultoyou.A.Learnfromtheprofessionals.B.Thinkbeforeyoutakeaphoto.C.Trytocapturemomentsorobjectsthatmayseem“ordinary”.D.Thus,waituntilyou’rebackhometostudyyourimagesmorecarefully.E.Makinguseofyoursensesisanotherwaytoadddimensiontoyourpictures.F.However,youdon’twanttotakethesamephotothateveryoneelseistaking.G.Suchalistcanhelpfigureoutyourphotogoalsandidentifywhatyou’remostexcitedabout.【答案】31.F32.B33.G34.C35.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了在度假時拍攝優(yōu)質(zhì)照片的幾個技巧。31.根據(jù)上文“Sayyou’reonvacationatNiagaraFalls.Youwanttotakeanamazingphotothatcaptures(捕捉)theexceptionalbeautyofthewaterfalls.(假設(shè)你在尼亞加拉大瀑布度假。你想拍一張驚人的照片，捕捉到瀑布的非凡之美)”指出假設(shè)你正在尼亞加拉瀑布度假，你想拍一張令人驚嘆的照片，捕捉瀑布的非凡之美。下文“Thethingisyou’renotaprofessionalphotographer.So,whatdoyoudo?Herearesometipsthatcanstepupyourphotographygame.(問題是你不是專業(yè)攝影師。那么，你是怎么做的?這里有一些技巧可以提高你的攝影水平)”提到了你并非專業(yè)攝影師，那么你會怎么做，接下來的幾段介紹了能提高攝影水平的幾個技巧，可知本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，指出想拍出不同的照片。故F選項“但是，你不會想拍和別人拍的一樣的照片”符合語境，故選F。32.根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Beforeyousnap(拍攝)ashot,askyourself:Whatareyoutryingtodocumentandwhy?Thatmaybeassimpleassayingtoyourself:“I’mgoingtotakeapictureofthispaintingatthemuseumbecauseIlikethecolors.”Itcanhelpyoufocusonwhatyouwanttoremember.(在你拍照之前，問問你自己：你想要記錄什么，為什么？這可能就像對自己說:“我要在博物館給這幅畫拍張照片，因為我喜歡它的顏色?！彼梢詭椭銓Ｗ⒂谀阆胍涀〉臇|西)”可知，設(shè)空處為小標(biāo)題，起總結(jié)全段主旨的作用。通讀該段內(nèi)容可知，該段介紹的技巧是在拍照之前，你可以問問自己：你想記錄什么？為什么？B項概括了本段主旨，適合作小標(biāo)題。故B選項“拍照前要三思”符合語境，故選B。33.根據(jù)上文“Profess