（北師大版）新高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義必修第二冊(cè)UNIT 5　HUMANS AND NATURE

Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——會(huì)意1．droughtn．旱災(zāi)，干旱2．hurricanen．颶風(fēng)3．landsliden．滑坡；塌方4．volcanicadj.火山的；由火山作用引起的5．landscapen．風(fēng)景，景色6．weedn．野草；海藻7．deern．鹿8．insectn．昆蟲9．whalen．鯨10．dolphinn．海豚11．sharkn．鯊(魚)12．kangaroon．袋鼠13．eaglen．鷹14．foxn．狐貍15．junglen．(熱帶)叢林16．whirlpooln．旋渦17．descentn．下降，下落18．tidaladj.潮汐的，潮水的19．barreln．桶20．extentn．面積；長(zhǎng)度；范圍；程度21．tuben．圓管，管子；(倫敦)地鐵22．lampn．燈23．sledgen．雪橇24．skin．滑雪板vi.滑雪25．polaradj.極地的，地極的26．continentn．洲，大洲；大陸27．tentn．帳篷28．brochuren．小冊(cè)子29．a(chǎn)ftershockn．(地震的)余震30．metaln．金屬31．skiingn．滑雪運(yùn)動(dòng)32．originalityn．獨(dú)創(chuàng)性；創(chuàng)造力Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞——記形1．disastern．災(zāi)難；災(zāi)禍2．floodn．洪水，水災(zāi)3．wildlifen．野生動(dòng)植物，野生生物4．commentn．評(píng)論；意見5．crowdedadj.擁擠的；擠滿人的6．livingadj.活的，活著的7．soiln．土壤8．climaten．氣候9．lecturen．講座，講課；演講10．overusevt.過度使用；濫用11．millionn．百萬12．greenhousen．溫室，暖房13．titlen．題目，標(biāo)題vt.加標(biāo)題14．waven．海浪；波濤；(情感的)一陣15．escapevi.&vt.逃離；逃避16．floatvi.?。黄?7．filen．檔案，卷宗18．souln．靈魂19．edgen．邊緣20．rescuen．&vt.營(yíng)救；救援21．vehiclen．交通工具，車輛22．trapvt.困??；使陷于危險(xiǎn)中23．a(chǎn)ttemptn．&vt.努力，嘗試，企圖24．damagen．傷害，損傷，損害25．measurevt.估量，衡量；測(cè)量26．overseasadv.在海外，在外國(guó)27．siten．場(chǎng)所，地點(diǎn)28．processn．過程，進(jìn)程29．battlen．較量，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；斗爭(zhēng)；戰(zhàn)斗30．dutyn．職責(zé)，義務(wù)；責(zé)任31．sufferingn．(肉體或精神上的)痛苦；折磨32．nearbyadv.附近33．dustn．灰塵；塵埃34．captainn．上校；隊(duì)長(zhǎng)；組長(zhǎng)35．basen．基地，大本營(yíng)；基礎(chǔ)vt.以……為基地36．distantadj.久遠(yuǎn)的；遙遠(yuǎn)的37．sheltern．避難所38．variedadj.各種各樣的，形形色色的39．scaryadj.可怕的，恐怖的40．harmlessadj.無害的Ⅲ.拓展單詞——悉變1．eruptionn．爆發(fā)→eruptv．爆發(fā)；噴出2．ecologyn．生態(tài)；生態(tài)學(xué)→ecologicaladj.生態(tài)學(xué)的；生態(tài)的3．shockvt.使震驚；使難以置信n．震驚；休克；沖擊→shockingadj.令人震驚的→shockedadj.震驚的4．survivevi.&vt.活下來；幸存→survivaln．幸存→survivorn．幸存者5．poetryn．詩(shī)歌；作詩(shī)的藝術(shù)→poemn．詩(shī)；詩(shī)歌→poetn．詩(shī)人6．mysteryn．神秘事物，難以理解的事物→mysteriousadj.神秘的；不可思議的7．frightenedadj.受驚的，害怕的→frighteningadj.令人害怕的→frightenv．使受驚；使驚恐8．horribleadj.可怕的，嚇人的，令人恐懼的→horrorn．恐懼，害怕；令人驚恐的事→horriblyadv.害怕地；可怕地；極其地9．curiousadj.好奇的→curiouslyadv.好奇地→curiosityn．好奇心10．observationn．觀察；觀察結(jié)果→observev．觀察；注意到；慶祝；遵守11．equaladj.相等的；相同的；平等的→equallyadv.同樣地；平等地→equalityn．平等12．interruptvi.&vt.打斷講話→interruptionn．打斷，打擾；中斷時(shí)間13．deathn．死，死亡→diev．死亡→dyingadj.垂死的→deadadj.失去生命的；不再使用的14．lossn．喪失；死亡→losevt.失去；丟失；使迷路→lostadj.丟失的；迷路的15．operationn．行動(dòng)，活動(dòng)；手術(shù)；操作→operatev．運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；做手術(shù)；操作→operatorn．接線員；操作者16．conductvt.實(shí)施；執(zhí)行；進(jìn)行vi.&vt.指揮→conductorn．指揮；售票員17．protectionn．保護(hù)；防護(hù)→protectv．保護(hù)；防護(hù)→protectiveadj.保護(hù)的；防護(hù)的18．breathevi.&vt.呼吸→breathn．呼吸→breathlessadj.氣喘吁吁的，喘不過氣來的→breathlesslyadv.氣喘吁吁地19．explorern．探險(xiǎn)者；勘察者→explorev．探索；探究；勘察→explorationn．探索；探究；勘察20．preparationn．預(yù)備，準(zhǔn)備→preparev．準(zhǔn)備；預(yù)備21．a(chǎn)nxiouslyadv.焦慮地；不安地；擔(dān)憂地→anxiousadj.焦慮的，擔(dān)心的→anxietyn．憂慮，焦慮22．a(chǎn)mbitionn．抱負(fù)，雄心；追求，夙愿→ambitiousadj.有雄心的；野心勃勃的23．cheerfuladj.高興的，興高采烈的→cheerv．使高興；歡呼n．歡呼聲24．provevt.證明；證實(shí)→proofn．證據(jù)25．honestyn．坦誠(chéng)；誠(chéng)實(shí)，正直→honestadj.誠(chéng)實(shí)的→dishonestadj.不誠(chéng)實(shí)的26．sincerityn．真誠(chéng)，真摯，誠(chéng)實(shí)→sincereadj.真誠(chéng)的→sincerelyadv.誠(chéng)摯地27．braveryn．勇氣；勇敢的行為→braveadj.勇敢的→bravelyadv.勇敢地28．disappearancen．消失；消亡→disappearvi.消失；消亡；滅絕→appearvi.出現(xiàn)linkingv．看來；似乎1．impulsive/?m'p?ls?v/adj.沖動(dòng)的，魯莽的2．route/ru?t/n.路線3．lush/l??/adj.茂盛的，郁郁蔥蔥的4．flock/fl?k/n.(羊或鳥)群5．wreckage/'rek?d?/n.殘骸6．conspiracy/k?n'sp?r?si/n.密謀，陰謀7．imprison/?m'pr?z?n/vt.監(jiān)禁；禁錮8．debunk/?di?'b??k/vt.證明(思想或觀念)錯(cuò)誤9．skeptic/'skept?k/n.持懷疑態(tài)度的人10．notpullany/yourpunches(批評(píng)時(shí))毫不留情11．cardboard/'kɑ?db??d/n.(硬)紙板，卡紙12．nauseous/'n??zi?s/adj.惡心的，想嘔吐的Ⅳ.背核心短語1．turnone’sback(onsb/sth)對(duì)……置之不理，對(duì)……撒手不管2．inthedirectionof朝……方向3．ontheedgeof在……邊緣；某事快要發(fā)生(尤指不好的事)4．a(chǎn)tgreatspeed高速地5．be/becomecuriousabout對(duì)……感到好奇6．intheend最后7．pickup去接(某人)；拿起；撿起；營(yíng)救，搭救8．breathein吸氣9．runout用完；耗盡10．onthewayto...在去往……的路上11．havedifficultywithsth在某事方面有困難12．breakdown停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，出故障；失??；垮掉Ⅴ.悟經(jīng)典句式1．Ittooklessthanasingledaytochangemyhairfromblacktowhite.(Ittakes/tooksbsometimetodo...)不到一天的時(shí)間，我的頭發(fā)就由黑變白了。2．Ifeltsick，asifIwasfallingfromamountaintopinadream.(asif引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句)我覺得惡心，好像在夢(mèng)中從山頂上掉下來似的。3．Thefirst，thelargerthebodieswere，themorerapidlytheyfell...(the＋比較級(jí)．..，the＋比較級(jí)．..)第一，物體越大，下落越快……4．Asyoucansee，thereasonwhyI’mheretotellthestoryisthatImadetherightdecision.(Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat...)如你所見，我能在這里講這個(gè)故事正是因?yàn)槲易隽苏_的決定。5．ButwhatifI’mtrapped？(whatif...？)但是如果我被困住了怎么辦？6．Thencamethetotaldarknessofthepolarwinter.(全部倒裝)極地的冬季來臨，四處一片黑暗。7．ThenexttogowasCaptainOates，whowashavinggreatdifficultywalking.[havedifficulty(in)doing...]下一個(gè)離去的是奧茨船長(zhǎng)，他連走路都很困難。默寫練習(xí)(一)Ⅰ.閱讀單詞(每小題1分，共13分)1．droughtn．旱災(zāi)，干旱2．hurricanen．颶風(fēng)3．volcanicadj.火山的；由火山作用引起的4．landscapen．風(fēng)景，景色5．weedn．野草；海藻6．insectn．昆蟲7．dolphinn．海豚8．sharkn．鯊(魚)9．kangaroon．袋鼠10．junglen．(熱帶)叢林11．whirlpooln．旋渦12．extentn．面積；長(zhǎng)度；范圍；程度13．tuben．圓管，管子；(倫敦)地鐵Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞(每小題1分，共14分)1．disastern．災(zāi)難；災(zāi)禍2．floodn．洪水，水災(zāi)3．commentn．評(píng)論；意見4．crowdedadj.擁擠的；擠滿人的5．livingadj.活的，活著的6．climaten．氣候7．lecturen．講座，講課；演講8．waven．海浪；波濤9．escapevi.&vt.逃離；逃避10.floatvi.??；漂11．souln．靈魂12．rescuen．&vt.營(yíng)救；救援13．trapvt.困??；使陷于危險(xiǎn)中14．a(chǎn)ttemptn．&vt.努力，嘗試，企圖Ⅲ.拓展單詞(每小題2分，共10分)1．ecologyn．生態(tài)；生態(tài)學(xué)→ecologicaladj.生態(tài)學(xué)的；生態(tài)的2．poetryn．詩(shī)歌；作詩(shī)的藝術(shù)→poemn．詩(shī)；詩(shī)歌→poetn．詩(shī)人3．mysteryn．神秘事物，難以理解的事物→mysteriousadj.神秘的；不可思議的4．observationn．觀察；觀察結(jié)果→observev．觀察；注意到；慶祝；遵守5．lossn．喪失；死亡→losevt.失去；丟失；使迷路→lostadj.丟失的；迷路的Ⅳ.拔高詞匯(每小題1分，共5分)1．routen．路線2．cardboardn．(硬)紙板，卡紙3．wreckagen．殘骸4．conspiracyn．密謀，陰謀5．notpullany/yourpunches(批評(píng)時(shí))毫不留情Ⅴ.核心短語(每小題3分，共15分)1．turnone’sback(onsb/sth)對(duì)……置之不理，對(duì)……撒手不管2．inthedirectionof朝……方向3．ontheedgeof在……邊緣；某事快要發(fā)生(尤指不好的事)4．a(chǎn)tgreatspeed高速地5．be/becomecuriousabout對(duì)……感到好奇Ⅰ.詞形變化填空(每小題2分，共18分)1．ThevolcanoeruptedonWednesdayandahugecloudofgasanddustfromtheeruptioncoveredthewholesky.(erupt)2．Lookingatthenewspaperinshock，theboywasshockedattheshockingnews.(shock)3．Thetwosurvivorstoldushowtheysurvivedthewhirlpool，andwewereamazedattheirsurvival.(survive)4．Horriblesoundofthefirecrackersfrightenedthedoggreatly，andthedogtrembledinhorror.(horror)5．Theboywascuriousabouteverythingandheaskedmanyquestionscuriously，sohisfatheransweredthemtosatisfyhiscuriosity.(curious)6．Theyoungmanwasequaltothejob，butdidn’tgetequalityinwages，whichlethimdown.(equal)7．Wewerehavingameetingwhenamaninterrupteditandeveryonewasannoyedatthesuddeninterruption.(interrupt)8．DoctorYuanLongpingdiedinMay,2021andhisdeathleftChineseinsorrow.Althoughhehasbeendeadforquitealongtime，wearestillmissinghim.(die)9．ThefrighteningscenefrightenedmysonandIgatheredmyfrightenedboyintomyarms.(frighten)Ⅱ.選詞填空(每小題2分，共10分)eq\x(turnone’sbackon，inthedirectionof，ontheedgeof，becuriousabout，intheend)1.IaskedwhereStevewasandshenoddedinthedirectionofthekitchen.2．Beingcuriousaboutvariousthingsbenefitsyougreatlybecauseitwillhelpyoutolearn.3．Itwon’tbeeasyinthebeginningbutwewillmakeitintheendifwetryourbest.4．AsfarasIamconcerned，turningyourbackonyourshortcomingsonlymakesyoufallbehindothers.5．Hearingthesadstory，alloftheaudiencewereontheedgeoftears.Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句型仿寫(每小題5分，共15分)1．昨天，我們花了一整個(gè)下午才穿過叢林。(Ittakes/tooksbsometimetodo...)Ittookusawholeafternoontogothroughthejungleyesterday.2．令人生氣的是，他們完全忽視了這些問題，好像它們從來不存在似的。(asif)Itwasannoyingthattheycompletelyignoredtheseproblemsasiftheyhadneverexisted.3．令我失望的是，我越想成功，我犯的錯(cuò)誤就越多。(the＋比較級(jí)．..，the＋比較級(jí)．..)Tomydisappointment，themoreIwantedtosucceed，themoremistakesImade.默寫練習(xí)(二)Ⅰ.閱讀單詞(每小題1分，共10分)1．lampn．燈2．skin．滑雪板vi.滑雪3．polaradj.極地的，地極的4．continentn．洲，大洲；大陸5．tentn．帳篷6．brochuren．小冊(cè)子7．a(chǎn)ftershockn．(地震的)余震8．metaln．金屬9．skiingn．滑雪運(yùn)動(dòng)10．originalityn．獨(dú)創(chuàng)性；創(chuàng)造力Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞(每小題1分，共17分)1．damagen．傷害，損傷，損害2．measurevt.估量，衡量；測(cè)量3．overseasadv.在海外，在外國(guó)4．siten．場(chǎng)所，地點(diǎn)5．processn．過程，進(jìn)程6．battlen．較量，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；斗爭(zhēng)；戰(zhàn)斗7．dutyn．職責(zé)，義務(wù)；責(zé)任8．sufferingn．(肉體或精神上的)痛苦；折磨9．nearbyadv.附近10．dustn．灰塵；塵埃11．captainn．上校；隊(duì)長(zhǎng)；組長(zhǎng)12．basen．基地，大本營(yíng)；基礎(chǔ)vt.以……為基地13．distantadj.久遠(yuǎn)的；遙遠(yuǎn)的14．sheltern．避難所15．variedadj.各種各樣的，形形色色的16．scaryadj.可怕的，恐怖的17.harmlessadj.無害的Ⅲ.拓展單詞(每小題2分，共10分)1．operationn．行動(dòng)，活動(dòng)；手術(shù)；操作→operatev．運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；做手術(shù)；操作→operatorn．接線員；操作者2．conductvt.實(shí)施；執(zhí)行；進(jìn)行vi.&vt.指揮→conductorn．指揮；售票員3．protectionn．保護(hù)；防護(hù)→protectv．保護(hù)；防護(hù)→protectiveadj.保護(hù)的；防護(hù)的4．cheerfuladj.高興的，興高采烈的→cheerv．使高興；歡呼5．provevt.證明；證實(shí)→proofn．證據(jù)Ⅳ.拔高詞匯(每小題1分，共5分)1．impulsiveadj.沖動(dòng)的，魯莽的2．imprisonvt.監(jiān)禁；禁錮3．debunkvt.證明(思想或觀念)錯(cuò)誤4．skepticn．持懷疑態(tài)度的人5．flockn．(羊或鳥)群Ⅴ.核心短語(每小題2分，共10分)1．pickup去接(某人)；拿起；撿起；營(yíng)救，搭救2．breathein吸氣3．runout用完；耗盡4．onthewayto...在去往……的路上5．havedifficultywithsth在某事方面有困難Ⅰ.詞形變化填空(每小題2分，共18分)1．Theexplorerstoldusmanythingsabouttheexploration，whichincludedmanyadventures.(explore)2．Myparentshavemadefullpreparationsforthepicnic，sonoweverythingiswellprepared.(prepare)3．Ifyouinteractwithotherssincerely，theywillbestruckbyyoursinceritysoonerorlater.(sincere)4．Theoldfather，whowasanxiousabouthisson’ssafereturn，waitedattheexitofthestationwithanxiety，twistinghishandsanxiously.(anxious)5．Thoseonceambitiousyoungmensadlyfoundthattheirambitionshadabandonedthem.(ambition)6．Myfathertellsmetobeanhonestpersonandhebelievesthathonestyisthebestpolicy.(honest)7．Thebraveboyjumpedintotheriverbravelytosavethedrowninggirl，andweallpraisedhimforhisbravery.(brave)8．Manyanimalshavedisappearedinthepastdecades，butitappearsthatpeopledon’tcareaboutthedisappearanceofthesespecies.(appear)9．Theairatthetopofthemountainwashardtobreatheandsoonwebecameoutofbreath.Mysistertoldmebreathlesslythatshewouldnevercomeagain.(breath)Ⅱ.選詞填空(每小題2分，共10分)eq\x(pickup，breathein，runout，havedifficultywith，breakdown)1.Mymoneyisrunningout，soImustwithdrawsomefromthebankthisafternoon.2．Inthemorningheopensthewindowwideandbreathesindeeply.3．Finallytheirmarriagebrokedownbecausetheyoftenquarreledwitheachotherfiercely.4．Nowordsarestrongenoughtoexpressmygratitudetoyouforpickingupmysonattheairportinsteadofme.5．HehasdifficultywithEnglish，soIwilltrymybesttohelphimwiththeextremelyimportantsubject.Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句型仿寫(每小題5分，共20分)1．我不能和你一起去書店的原因是明天下午我有一個(gè)重要的會(huì)議要參加。(Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat...)ThereasonwhyIcan’tgowithyoutothebookstoreisthatIhaveanimportantmeetingtoattendtomorrowafternoon.2．接著從黑暗中傳來一道我們從來沒有聽過的聲音，我們的腿不由自主地顫抖。(全部倒裝)Thencameavoiceoutofthedarknesswehadneverheardbeforeandourlegstrembleduncontrollably.3．我感到很緊張，甚至覺得自己呼吸困難。(havedifficultyindoing...)Feelingsonervous，IevenfeltIhaddifficultyinbreathing.4．我要是找不到走出這可怕樹林的路可怎么辦？我怕得打冷戰(zhàn)。(whatif)WhatifIcouldn’tfindthewayoutofthisscaryforest?Iwaschilledwithfear.Infact，itwasoutofcuriositythatIattendedthelecturegivenbyafamousexplorer,1.whohadjustreturnedfromadistantcontinent.2.Expecting(expect)tohearvariedhorribleexperiencesandmysteriesintheprocessofhisexploration，Iwenttothesitecheerfully.Heindeedsharedsomestoriesofbattlingagainstnaturewithbravery，inoneofwhichhisvehiclebroke3.downinthepolarareabecausethegashadrunout.4.Trapped(trap)inthescarysnowstorm，heattempted5.tocall(call)forrescuethroughthephone，butitproveduseless.Frightenedandhungry，hewasatalossandwasfacedwithdeathseveraltimes.Hewaswalkinganxiouslyuntilhe6.found(find)shelterinanearbybase.Besides，thesufferingofwildlifeshockedus.Accordingtohis7.observation(observe)，millionsofanimalsareontheedgeofdisappearance.Apartfromnatural8.disasters(disaster)suchasflood，drought，landslides，volcaniceruptionsandhurricane，tosomeextent，toomuchgreenhousegasalsocauseddamagetothem.Insteadofturningourbackontheterribleclimate，weshouldtakemeasurestoconductwildlifeprotection.Havingheardhislecture，Ifind9.iteveryone’sdutytokeepthebalanceofecology.Equallyimportantisthatweshouldhandoutsomebrochurestoteachpeopletoobserve10.natural(nature)laws.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯shockvt.使震驚；使難以置信n.休克；打擊；震驚(shockingadj.令人震驚的shockedadj.感到震驚的)?inshock震驚地；休克benumbwithshock震驚得目瞪口呆?beshockedby/at...對(duì)……感到震驚beshockedtodo...因做……而震驚(1)(讀后續(xù)寫之心理描寫)Hewasontheedgeofbreakingdown，notutteringaword，butpointedtothedistanceinshock.(2)聽到我的搭檔住院的消息，我很震驚。與此同時(shí)，我很震驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)我別無選擇，只能自己完成我們的項(xiàng)目。(2022·浙江1月，讀后續(xù)寫)Iwasshockedby/atthenewsthatmypartnerwasadmittedtohospital.Meanwhile，IwasshockedtofindthatIhadnooptionbuttofinishourprojectonmyown.(3)(讀后續(xù)寫之神態(tài)描寫)看見從窗戶噴出的可怕的濃煙，他驚呆了。Seeinghorribleheavysmokeshootingoutofthewindow，hewasnumbwithshock.escapevi.&vt.逃離；逃避；被遺忘；(氣體、液體等)泄漏n.逃脫；逃避；漏出?escapefrom從……逃脫；逃避……escapedoing/beingdone逃避(被)做某事?haveanarrowescape死里逃生；僥幸躲過(1)Thefrighteneddeerattemptedtoescapebeingcaught(catch)bythetiger，butinvain.(2)(讀后續(xù)寫之逃生)我離開帳篷才死里逃生。我剛從里面逃出來它就燒毀了。Ihadanarrowescapebyleavingthetent.HardlyhadIescapedfromitwhenitburneddown.survivevi.&vt.活下來；幸存；比……活得長(zhǎng)(survivorn．幸存者survivaln．幸存；生還)survivesth幸免于；從……中活過來surviveon靠……存活下來AsurviveB(by＋時(shí)間)A比B活得長(zhǎng)(……)(1)Iftheexplorercouldn’tfindhiswayoutofthejungle，therewouldbelittlechanceofsurvival(survive)．(2)Allthesurvivors(survive)havebeenrescuedfromthehorriblelandslideandsenttoanearbyshelter.(3)WhenIrealizedthatthepoorboysurvivedondiscarded(丟棄的)food，awaveofsadnessandsympathywashedoverme.(4)Toeveryone’sshock，despiteherpoorhealth，shesurvivedherhusbandbyfiveyears.curiousadj.好奇的(curiosityn．好奇；好奇心curiouslyadv.好奇地)?becuriousabout對(duì)……感到好奇becurioustodosth極想做某事?outofcuriosity出于好奇meet/satisfyone’scuriosity滿足某人的好奇心(1)Curiousabouttheprocessofmakingalamp，theboywenttothefactorytomakeacarefulobservation.(2)出于好奇，我躡手躡腳地進(jìn)入了破舊的牛奶房，在那里我發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只被蜘蛛網(wǎng)困住的蜂鳥。(2023·浙江1月，讀后續(xù)寫)Outofcuriosity，Icreptintothebrokenmilkinghouse，whereIspottedahummingbirdtrappedinspider-webs.(3)我們很想了解周圍的植物，因此，為了滿足我們的好奇心，我們好奇地探索高中校園。(2023·浙江1月，應(yīng)用文寫作)Wewerecurioustolearnabouttheplantsaroundusandasaresult，tomeet/satisfyourcuriosity，weexploredtheseniorhighcampuscuriously/withcuriosity.equaladj.相等的；相同的；能勝任的n.同等的人；相等物linkingv．與……相等，等于vt.比得上(equalityn．平等；相等equallyadv.相等地；公平地)?beequalto(doing)sth等于/勝任(做)某事?equalsb/sthin(doing)sth在(做)某事上比得過某人/物?withoutequal無與倫比(1)ThepersonIrespectmostismyheadteacherwhoattachesgreatimportancetohonesty，sincerity，braveryandequality，sohetreatseachofusstudentsequally.(equal)(2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ，書面表達(dá))(2)(應(yīng)用文寫作之申請(qǐng)信)首先，沒人在英語口語方面比得過我。同樣吸引人的是，我的溝通技巧無與倫比。因此，我堅(jiān)信我能勝任博覽會(huì)志愿者的工作。Firstly，nobodycanequalmeinoralEnglish.EquallyattractiveisthatIamwithoutequalincommunicationskills.SoIholdthefirmbeliefthatIamequaltothejobasavolunteerforthefair.attemptn．&vt.企圖；試圖；嘗試；努力(attemptedadj.未遂的)?attempttodosth嘗試(試圖)做某事?makeanattempt/attempts(todosth)嘗試(做某事)atthefirstattempt第一次嘗試(1)Althoughhesurvivedtheattempted(attempt)murder，ittookhimquitealongtimetoreturntonormal.(2)我嘗試向無家可歸的人分發(fā)食物，但我笨手笨腳的。我不安地皺了皺眉。(2022·浙江6月，讀后續(xù)寫)Iattempted/madeanattempttodistributefoodtothehomelesspeople，butIwasallthumbs.Ifrownedanxiously.(3)老師拍了拍我的肩膀，溫柔地說：“你第一次嘗試，失敗是很正常的，堅(jiān)持不懈很重要?！?2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，讀后續(xù)寫)Myteacherpattedmeontheshoulder，sayinggently，“Itisquitenormalforyoutofailatthefirstattemptandperseverancematters.”measurevt.測(cè)量；估量；衡量linkingv．量度為n.措施(measurementn．尺寸；大?。粶y(cè)量)?measure...by...用……來衡量……bemeasuredby/in用……來衡量/計(jì)算?takemeasures/steps/actiontodosth采取措施做某事makesthtoone’smeasure照某人的尺寸做某物(1)Accordingtothelecture，youcan’tmeasuresomeonebytheirappearancesandtheclothestheywear.(2)Inthatdistantcontinent，treesareextremelytall，somemeasuring(measure)over90metersinheight.(3)Thetailorinsistedthatheshouldmakeclothestomyownmeasure.(4)我們只有采取適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧﹣硖岣攮h(huán)保意識(shí)，才能在不久的將來建成一個(gè)綠色的北京。(2023·北京，書面表達(dá))Onlyifwetakeappropriatemeasurestopromote/raisetheawarenessofenvironmentalprotectioncanwebuildagreenBeijinginthenearfuture.breathevi.&vt.呼吸(breathn．呼吸breathlessadj.氣喘吁吁的，喘不過氣來的)?breathein/out吸氣/呼氣breatheasighofrelief松了一口氣?inonebreath一口氣；同時(shí)holdone’sbreath屏息；屏氣take/drawadeepbreath深呼吸outofbreath喘不過氣(1)Believeitornot，thefirsttimeIhappenedtoreadthenewspaperYouthacoupleofmonthsago，Ifeltanurgetofinishreadingitinonebreath(breathe)．(2021·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，應(yīng)用文寫作)(2)Ithasbeenprovedthatinthedaytime，plantsbreatheincarbondioxideandbreatheoutoxygen.(3)(記敘文寫作之活動(dòng)介紹)大約兩小時(shí)后，我們都到了山頂。盡管(累得)上氣不接下氣，但我們收獲了美麗的風(fēng)景。About2hourslater，weallreachedthetop.Thoughoutofbreath/breathless，wewererewardedwithbeautifulscenery.(4)(讀后續(xù)寫之樂于助人)我深吸一口氣，跳入水中，救了那個(gè)溺水的女孩。在進(jìn)行急救后，我屏住呼吸，等待她恢復(fù)意識(shí)?？吹剿：粑?，我松了一口氣。Itook/drewadeepbreath，divedintothewaterandsavedthedrowninggirl.Afterconductingfirstaid，Iheldmybreath，waitingforhertobecomeconscious.Afterobservingherbreathenormally，Ibreathedasighofrelief.anxiouslyadv.焦慮地；不安地(anxiousadj.焦急的；不安的；渴望的anxietyn．憂慮，擔(dān)心；渴望)?beanxiousaboutsth/forsb為……擔(dān)憂beanxioustodo/that...渴望(做)……?withanxiety＝anxiouslyadv.焦急地(1)Themotherwasanxiousforherlittlesonwhenknowingthathewasfrightenedbyahorribleaccident.(2)(讀后續(xù)寫之心理描寫)他焦慮地等待著結(jié)果，如坐針氈。Hewaswaitingfortheresultsanxiously/withanxietyasifhehadbeenonpinsandneedles.(3)大衛(wèi)渴望參加越野賽，但是他害怕別人嘲笑他，他是如此不安以至于焦急的淚水順著臉龐流了下來。(2022·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，讀后續(xù)寫)①Davidwasanxioustoparticipatein/takepartinthecross-countryrun.Buthewasscaredofbeinglaughedatbyothers.Hewassoanxiousthattearsofanxietyrolleddownhischeeks.(beanxioustodo；so...that...)②Davidwasanxiousthathecouldparticipatein/takepartinthecross-countryrun.Buthewasscaredofbeinglaughedatbyothers.Soanxiouswashethattearsofanxietyrolleddownhischeeks.(beanxiousthat；倒裝句)runout用完；耗盡(主語為物，無被動(dòng)語態(tài))runoutof用完；耗盡(主語為人)runacross偶然遇見runafter追捕；跟蹤；追求runinto撞上；偶然遇見；遇到(困難等)runfor競(jìng)選；匆匆去取用run短語的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)Iftheyrunoutofcertaindailynecessities，Wilsonwilldrivetotheneareststoreandpurchasewhat’sneeded.(2019·北京)(2)Theexplorerranacross/intomuchunexpectedtroubledespitethepreparationshehadmade.(3)Withafiercedogrunningafterit，thefoxescapedintothejungleasfastasitcould.(4)Jane’senergywasrunningoutandthenherhusbandemerged，makinghersmilethroughtears.(5)(應(yīng)用文寫作之建議信)LearningthatyouarerunningforthepositionofchairmanoftheStudentCouncil，Iamwritingtoinformyouofsomedo’sanddon’ts.breakdown停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，出故障；失??；垮掉；消除(矛盾或情態(tài)等)breakup結(jié)束；(使)破碎；(使)散開breakin(不及物)破門而入；打斷(談話等)breakinto(及物)強(qiáng)行闖入；突然開始(笑、唱、跑等)breakout(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)等)爆發(fā)；發(fā)生(無被動(dòng)語態(tài))breakawayfrom脫離；掙脫用break短語的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)(應(yīng)用文寫作之求助信)Duetoaterriblequarrel，webrokeupandheevenbrokeawayfromourorganization.Idon’tknowhowtobreakdownourconflict，socouldyoupleasebekindenoughtooffermesomeproposals?(2)Wewerediscussinganxiouslywhenhebrokein，“Perhapssomeonehadbrokenintotheroomandsetafiretoit，sothefirebrokeout.”the＋比較級(jí)．..，the＋比較級(jí)．..Thefirst，thelargerthebodieswere，themorerapidlytheyfell...第一，物體越大，下落越快……?“the＋比較級(jí)(＋主語＋謂語)，the＋比較級(jí)(＋主語＋謂語)”意為“越……，就越……”。?“比較級(jí)＋and＋比較級(jí)”意為“越來越……”，表示本身程度的變化。?“themore...，theless...”意為“越……，越不……”。(1)Themoreroadsandparkinglotswepave，theless(little)watercanflowintothegroundtobecomegroundwater.(2)(讀后續(xù)寫之心理描寫)她越想這件事，就越感到害怕，手心在冒汗，心跳得厲害。Themoreshethoughtaboutit，themorefrightenedshefelt，herpalmssweatingandherheartpoundingwildly.(3)我讀的報(bào)紙?jiān)蕉?，我的英語就越好。所以我真誠(chéng)地希望你們的報(bào)紙?jiān)絹碓胶?，越來越多的人從中受益?2021·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，應(yīng)用文寫作)ThemoreIreadthenewspaper，thebettermyEnglishis.SoIsincerelyhopethatyournewspaperwillbebetterandbetterandmoreandmorepeoplewillbenefitfromit.用法點(diǎn)撥“the＋比較級(jí)(...)，the＋比較級(jí)(...)”結(jié)構(gòu)中，第一個(gè)“the＋比較級(jí)”相當(dāng)于表示條件的狀語從句，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來意義。提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯Ⅰ.一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙1．observeeq\x(A.觀察B.慶祝C.遵守)(1)Thoughhavinglivedabroadforyears，manyChinesestillobservetraditionalcustoms.C(2)“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor，”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening...”(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)A(3)CouldyoutellmehowyouusuallyobserveHarvestDayinyourcountry？B2．breakdowneq\x(A.機(jī)器出故障B.物質(zhì)分解C.計(jì)劃失敗D.身體垮掉E.情不自禁地哭起來)(1)Hebrokedownandweptwhenheheardthenews.E(2)Ifyouworkhardlikethat，youwillbreakdownoneday.D(3)Really，thetruckmydaddroveoftenbrokedownontheway，whichmademydadintrouble.(2021·浙江6月，讀后續(xù)寫)A(4)ResearchersinSpainandEnglandhaverecentlyfoundthatthewormsofthegreaterwaxmothcanbreakdownpolyethylene，whichaccountsfor40%ofplastics.B(5)Allourplansbrokedownbecauseofhisopposition.C3．conducteq\x(A.vt.引導(dǎo)B.vi.&vt.指揮C.vt.傳導(dǎo)熱或電等能量D.vt.實(shí)施，執(zhí)行E.vt.表現(xiàn)，舉止)(1)Theexperimentofestimationheconductedshowedthatinsomecases，theaverageofalargenumberofindependentestimatescouldbequiteaccurate.(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)D(2)Theeasiestwaytoaccomplishthisistomakesureyouconductyourselfasagoodneighborshould.E(3)Theguideconductedusaroundtheruinsoftheancientcity.A(4)Mostmetalscanconductelectricity.C(5)Dennishasrecentlybegunasuccessfulcareerconductingopera.B4．快速閱讀下列句子并猜測(cè)句中加黑詞匯的意思(1)Itwasashameformetobelecturedinfrontofthewholeclass.訓(xùn)斥(2)Theemperorconferred(授予)atitleonthebravesoldier.頭銜，稱號(hào)(3)Heisseekingalargesumofdamagesfromtheairlineforpersonalinjury.賠償金(4)“Wefloatedtheideatomymumofsharingahouse，”saysKathrynWhitehead.提出(5)Severalofthosewhosurvivedtheaccidenthavebeentakentohospitalinastateofshock.休克(6)I’msorry，butyournameescapesme.被遺忘Ⅱ.核心知識(shí)強(qiáng)化練——鞏固語言知識(shí)1．Iwasshocked(shock)atthenewsthatIgotmyprivacyleakedasaresultofusingmysmartphone.2．Thesailorssteeredtheshipcarefullytoescapebeingharmed(harm)bythepowerfulwaves.3.Obviously，hissurvival(survive)dependsonhisperseverancetoadegree.4．Outofcuriosity(curious)，thegirlpressedtheredbuttonofthedeviceregardlessofthewarning.5．Inmyopinion，theyoungmanisequaltothejobonaccountofhiscreativity.6．Tomyamazement，ourfirstattempttodevelop(develop)anewsoftwarewasagreatsuccess.7．Wemusttakeinstantmeasures(measure)toensurethesafetyoftheproject.8．Manyrecommendationscameupattheconferenceaboutwildlifeprotection(protect)．9.Inaddition，takingadeepbreath(breathe)beforetakinganexamcanhelpyourelieveyourstress.10．Thesebusinessmenanxiously(anxious)waitedforthedetailedcontentsofthelatestpolicy.11．Withmymoneyrunningout，Ihavetoaskmysistertodomeafavourbylendingmeafewdollars.12．Tomakemattersworse，hiscarbrokedownatalocationwherenohelpwasaccessible.13．Themorecarefulyouare，thefewer(few)errorsyouwillmake.14．Mycousin，whoisaddictedtocomputergames，hasdifficultyconcentrating(concentrate)onhisacademicwork.假如你是李華，在得知某地發(fā)生地震后，作為你校的學(xué)生會(huì)主席，你決定給災(zāi)區(qū)的中學(xué)生寫一封慰問信，主要內(nèi)容包括：1.表達(dá)安慰；2.救援隊(duì)已到達(dá)進(jìn)行援助；3.表達(dá)希望和對(duì)其重建家園的信心。完成句子1．聽說你們的家鄉(xiāng)意外地發(fā)生了一場(chǎng)可怕的地震，我很震驚。(shock)2．我很想借此機(jī)會(huì)向在地震中遭受巨大苦難的人們表達(dá)我最深切的同情和關(guān)心。(anxious；定語從句)3．得知救援隊(duì)已經(jīng)趕到你們的家鄉(xiāng)伸出援助之手，我松了一口氣。(breatheasighofrelief)4．他們?cè)噲D營(yíng)救被困在廢墟中的人們，完全將他們自身的安全拋在腦后，值得我們的尊重和欽佩。(attempttodo；現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語；非限制性定語從句)5．在政府和全國(guó)人民的幫助下，更多的人避免了在災(zāi)難中喪生的命運(yùn)。(escapedoing)組句成篇把以上句子用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞語和過渡句組成一篇80詞左右的短文。參考范文Dearfriends，I’mLiHua，chairmanoftheStudentCouncil.Iamshockedtohearthatahorribleearthquakeunexpectedlybrokeoutinyourhometown.Iamanxioustotakethisopportunitytoexpressmydeepestsympathyandconcernforthepeoplewhosufferedgreatlyintheearthquake.Learningthatrescueteamshaverushedtoyourhometowntolendahelpinghand，Ibreatheasighofrelief.Theyhaveattemptedtorescuepeopletrappedinruins，totallyleavingtheirownsafetybehind，whichdeservesourrespectandadmiration.What’smore，withtheaidofthegovernmentandpeopleacrossthecountry，morepeoplehaveescapedbeingkilledinthedisaster.I’