專題38 閱讀理解之細(xì)節(jié)理解題（講案）原卷版

1/16高考一輪復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)清單專題38閱讀理解之細(xì)節(jié)理解題（講案）原卷版（快問快答+思維導(dǎo)圖+考法點(diǎn)撥+真題再練+名校模擬）目錄一、閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)理解題快問快答P1二、閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)理解題高考考情P2三、閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)理解題命題特點(diǎn)P2四、閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)理解題命題規(guī)律P2五、閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)理解題考法點(diǎn)撥P3考法一：直接信息題P3考法二：間接信息題P5考法三：數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算題P7六、閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)理解題同義替換歸納P8七、閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)理解題真題再練P10八、閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)理解題名校模擬P13一、閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)理解題快問快答Q1：閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)理解題有什么特點(diǎn)？A1：一是屬于閱讀基礎(chǔ)題型，占比大，難度低，需要有滿分意識(shí)，二是正確答案和原文是同義替換關(guān)系。Q2：閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)理解題做題步驟如何？A2：一是“找詞”--先從題干中提取關(guān)鍵性(題眼)，二是“定位”--尋找與此關(guān)鍵詞相關(guān)的段落、語句做好標(biāo)記，三是“比對(duì)”--仔細(xì)比對(duì)四個(gè)選項(xiàng)與文中細(xì)節(jié)的細(xì)微區(qū)別，最后確定答案。Q3：如何把握選項(xiàng)與原文同義替換關(guān)系？A3：同義替換有三種情況：一是同義詞或近義詞替換，二是主被動(dòng)語態(tài)替換，三是單詞與短語替換。不管如何替換，終極目標(biāo)是“形式改變，意思相同”。Q4：如何提高閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)題正答率？A4：一要掌握閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)理解題命題規(guī)律和選項(xiàng)特征，二要不斷練習(xí)實(shí)踐，積累經(jīng)驗(yàn)，摸索出一套行之有效的個(gè)性化做題模式，三要重視糾錯(cuò)，探尋錯(cuò)誤原因，防止出現(xiàn)類似錯(cuò)誤。二、閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)理解題高考考情綜合最近三年高考考情統(tǒng)計(jì)，高考15道四選一選擇題以細(xì)節(jié)理解題和推理判斷題為主，兼顧猜測(cè)詞義題和主旨大意題。細(xì)節(jié)理解題有時(shí)比較直接，理解字面意思即可答題；有時(shí)則較為間接，需要?dú)w納、概括和推理才能答題。細(xì)節(jié)理解題占閱讀理解總題量的60%左右，是最重要的得分點(diǎn)。2022-2024高考閱讀理解考點(diǎn)統(tǒng)計(jì)卷別細(xì)節(jié)理解題猜測(cè)詞義題推理判斷題主旨大意題2024新課標(biāo)I卷91412024新課標(biāo)II卷91412023新課標(biāo)I卷61712023新課標(biāo)II卷61712022新課標(biāo)I卷82412022新課標(biāo)II卷82412024全國(guó)甲卷71612023全國(guó)甲卷81512023全國(guó)乙卷51812022全國(guó)甲卷81332022全國(guó)乙卷10131三、閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)理解題命題特點(diǎn)特殊疑問句形式:以when、where、what、which、who、why、how等疑問詞開頭引出的問題;通常涉及與主題有關(guān)的事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)，或就文中的數(shù)字進(jìn)行提問。33.WhatdoesDaru’sstudyfocuson? （2024新課標(biāo)I卷）21.Whichwalktakestheshortesttime? （2024新課標(biāo)II卷）29.Whatinformationdoestheconvenientappoffer? （2024新課標(biāo)II卷）25.WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks? （2023新課標(biāo)I卷）23.WherewilltheparticipantsmeetfortheJuly10photographyworkshop? （2023新課標(biāo)II卷）四、閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)理解題命題規(guī)律1.高考閱讀理解正確選項(xiàng)規(guī)律同義替換(1)替換關(guān)鍵詞。把原文的關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行同義替換，如把loseone’sjob換成了beoutofwork(2)改變?cè)~性。把原文中的一些詞變換了一下詞性，如把important變換成ofimportance(3)改變語態(tài)。把原文主動(dòng)語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)為被動(dòng)語態(tài)，如restoredthebridge變換成thebridgewasrestored信息歸納用精煉的語言來概括原文中比較分散或復(fù)雜的信息正話反說把原文中的意思反過來表達(dá)而成為正確選項(xiàng)原文原詞用原文原詞作為正確選項(xiàng)2.高考閱讀理解干擾選項(xiàng)規(guī)律張冠李戴是原文信息，但不是題目要求的內(nèi)容無中生有符合常識(shí)，但不是文章的內(nèi)容曲解文意與原文的內(nèi)容極其相似，只是在某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)處有些變動(dòng)顛倒是非在意思上與原文大相徑庭甚至完全相反正誤參半部分正確，部分錯(cuò)誤五、閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)理解題考法點(diǎn)撥考法一：直接信息題直接信息題常以應(yīng)用文的形式出現(xiàn)在考題中，涉及的話題有：廣告類、活動(dòng)安排類、書籍或電影介紹類、演出信息類等?！皫е鴨栴}找答案”先從題干中提取關(guān)鍵性詞語(題眼)，然后以此為線索，運(yùn)用略讀及尋讀的技巧快速在文章中尋找與此關(guān)鍵詞相關(guān)的段落、語句，快速定位該題與哪一段哪一句有關(guān)，然后仔細(xì)推敲，仔細(xì)比較所給選項(xiàng)與文中細(xì)節(jié)的細(xì)微區(qū)別，在準(zhǔn)確理解細(xì)節(jié)的前提下，最后確定答案。簡(jiǎn)言之，可采用“一找二定三比對(duì)”的方法。【思維導(dǎo)圖】調(diào)研01調(diào)研01(2024新課標(biāo)I卷第23題)AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRINGVolunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesforyouthundertheageof15.BringyourcompletedVolunteerAgreementForm.Volunteersundertheageof18musthavetheparent/guardianapprovalsectionsigned.We’llbeworkingrainorshine.Wearclothesthatcangetdirty.Bringlayersforchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary.Bringapersonalwaterbottle,sunscreen,andlunch.Noexperiencenecessary.Trainingandtoolswillbeprovided.Fulfills(滿足)communityservicerequirements.23.Whatarethevolunteersexpectedtodo?A.Bringtheirowntools. B.Workeveninbadweather.C.Wearateamuniform. D.Doatleastthreeprojects.調(diào)研02調(diào)研02(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷第23題)PhotographyWorkshops(June19&July10)Enhanceyourphotographyskills—joinYellowstone’sparkphotographerforahands-onprogramtoinspirenewandcreativewaysofenjoyingthebeautyandwonderofYellowstone.6/19—Waterfalls&WideAngles:meetatArtistPoint.7/10—Wildflowers&WhiteBalance:meetatWashburnTrailheadinChittendenparkingarea.23.WherewilltheparticipantsmeetfortheJuly10photographyworkshop?A.ArtistPoint. B.WashburnTrailhead.C.CanyonVillageStore. D.VisitorEducationCenter.調(diào)研調(diào)研03(2022·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷第23題)LateWorkAnessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate，itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnotcompletedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsencewillbeaccepted.23.Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?A.Youwillreceiveazero.B.Youwilllosealettergrade.C.Youwillbegivenatest.D.Youwillhavetorewriteit.考法二：間接信息題間接信息題常在記敘文、說明文或議論文中考查，會(huì)涉及“人與自我”“人與社會(huì)”和“人與自然”三大主題語境。解此類試題常用“同義轉(zhuǎn)換”法。該類題的特點(diǎn)是試題題干或選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞語通常使用同義詞或近義詞甚至反義詞來替換文中的相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)信息,例如,使用book對(duì)文中的reserve進(jìn)行同義轉(zhuǎn)換,用lessdifferent對(duì)文中的moreincommon進(jìn)行同義轉(zhuǎn)換。【思維導(dǎo)圖】調(diào)研調(diào)研04(2024新課標(biāo)I卷第24題)“Iamnotcrazy,”saysDr.WilliamFarber,shortlyafterperformingacupuncture(針灸)onarabbit.“Iamaheadofmytime.”Ifheseemsalittledefensive,itmightbebecauseevensomeofhiscoworkersoccasionallylaughathisunusualmethods.ButFarberiscertainhe’llhavethelastlaugh.He’soneofasmallbutgrowingnumberofAmericanveterinarians(獸醫(yī))nowpracticing“holistic”medicine–combiningtraditionalWesterntreatmentswithacupuncture,chiropractic(按摩療法)andherbalmedicine.24.WhatdosomeofFarber’scoworkersthinkofhim?A.He’sodd. B.He’sstrict. C.He’sbrave. D.He’srude.調(diào)研05你(2023新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷第24題調(diào)研05Turningsoil,pullingweeds,andharvestingcabbagesoundliketoughworkformiddleandhighschoolkids.Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,environmentalawareness,andhealthylifestyles.24.WhatdoweknowaboutAbbyJaramillo?A.Sheusedtobeahealthworker.B.Shegrewupinalow-incomefamily.C.Sheownsafastfoodrestaurant.D.SheisaninitiatorofUrbanSprouts.調(diào)研06(2022新課標(biāo)I卷第調(diào)研06GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiteratureGradingScale90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.Essays(60%)Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.GroupAssignments(30%)Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments(作業(yè))duringthecourse.AlltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework(10%)…22.Howmanypartsisastudent’sfinalgrademadeupof?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.考法三：數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算題數(shù)字計(jì)算題一般會(huì)涉及時(shí)間、年齡、價(jià)錢、數(shù)量、距離等的簡(jiǎn)單計(jì)算。一般來說，計(jì)算量都比較小，容易計(jì)算。但是英語閱讀中的數(shù)字計(jì)算必須要找出計(jì)算背后所隱含的信息。這些“暗”信息會(huì)涉及對(duì)某個(gè)難句的理解，從這個(gè)角度上講，理解文中相應(yīng)的復(fù)雜句是解這類題的關(guān)鍵。數(shù)字計(jì)算題的話題有：1.廣告類；2.故事類；3.科普知識(shí)類；4.史地自然類；5.文化教育類。設(shè)問方式以when，inwhichyear，howmany/much等疑問詞(組)開頭引出問題。解此類試題常用“整合推算”法。此類題要求考生對(duì)具體細(xì)節(jié)信息,尤其是年齡、時(shí)間、數(shù)量等數(shù)字信息進(jìn)行加工,但此類試題的重點(diǎn)不在于計(jì)算,而在于考查考生對(duì)具體信息的處理能力,故試題設(shè)置的計(jì)算一般比較簡(jiǎn)單。【思維導(dǎo)圖】調(diào)研07(2023新課標(biāo)I卷第調(diào)研07PricesHandBrake,ThreeGearsFootBrake,NoGears1hour7.505.003hours11.007.501day(24hours)14.759.75Eachadditionalday8.006.0022.Howmuchdoyoupayforrentingabikewithhandbrakeandthreegearsfortwodays?A.15.75.B.19.50.C.22.75.D.29.50.調(diào)研08調(diào)研08(2022全國(guó)乙卷第22題)ExhibitionTimesMonday-Saturday10.00-17.45Sunday12.00-17.45Lastadmissiontotheexhibition:17.15.Thereisnore-admission.Closed:24-26Decemberand1January.Admission￡4.Childrenunder12yearsaccompaniedbyanadultareadmittedfree.22.Howmuchwouldacouplewithtwochildrenunder12payforadmission?A.￡4. B.￡8.C.￡12. D.￡16.調(diào)研09(2023浙江調(diào)研09ExplorersCamp?Fulldaycampforkidsaged5-13.?Monday-Friday,July8-26,9am-4pm.Week1|July8-12Week2|July15-19Week3|July22-26?Registerforasingleweekormultipleweeks.?Fees:$365perweek.?Thelastdaytocancelregistrationandreceiveafullrefund(退款)isJune15.23.Howmanyhoursofclasswillyouhavealtogetherifyouregisterforasingleweek?A.15. B.21. C.30. D.42.六、閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)理解題同義替換歸納高頻同義轉(zhuǎn)換（動(dòng)詞類）book=reserve=orderconduct=carryoutplease=amuse=entertainimprove=promoteguarantee=ensuredocument=recordruin=destroy=damage=violatedeclare=announce=informdivide=separate=partwithcomplete=fulfill=accomplish=achievedelay=putoff=postponegive=supply=provide=offerencourage=motivate=stimulate=spurreject=refuse=turndown=declinereceive=acceptsee=observe=notice=spotsearch=exploreconnect=link=relate=associatediscourage=frustraterent=hireprove=turnoutremove=getridofadmire=appreciatepossess=owndecide=determine=resolvetodoget=obtain=acquire=gain=possess高頻同義轉(zhuǎn)換（名詞類）data=statisticsnovel=fictionfeature=characteristicscareer=occupationmanners=etiquettegratitude=appreciationexperiment=trialpersonality=characterstress=pressureorigin=pioneercircumstance=environment=atmospherecreation=innovationachievement=recognitionoption=choice=selectionmaterial=resourceluggage=baggage=packagerule=regulation=principledirection=discipline=guidelinecolleague=coworkeressay=passage=article=textapproach=way=method=means高頻同義轉(zhuǎn)換（形容詞副詞類）delicious=tastyattentive=focusedoriginal=initialfinal=eventualobvious=evident=Strikingaccurate=exactauthentic=true=genuinethrilling=frighteningthrilled=excitedtime-honored=hasalonghistorydull=boringdaring=braveextra=additionalglad=pleased=delightedtouched=movedaccessible=available=athandappropriate=proper=suitableappealing=attractivecomplex=complicatedsafe=secure高頻同義轉(zhuǎn)換（高頻短語類）aheadoftime=inadvance=previousplacesofinterest=touristattractionresultin=leadto=contributetobeaccustomedto=beusedtodoingprevent...from=keep...from=stop...fromjoinin=takepartin=participatein=involvein=beengagedingetreadyfor=bepreparedforfocuson=concentrateontransformAintoB=turnAintoBinthelongterm=inthelongrunholdonto=insisttakeaction=takemeasures=takestepstokeepintouchwith=contactdealwith=copewith=handlewith=addressatthesametime=meanwhileonthespot=onthescenebeproudof=takeprideinheadinto=leaveforarriveat=reach=getto=approachinspiteof=despitefromone’sperspective=fromone’spointofviewtrydoing=attempttobefilledwith=bechargedwith=befullofruninto=comeacrosstaketheplaceof=replacefromtimetotime=onceinawhilebecaughtin=betrappedinconsistof=bemadeupofforamoment=forawhileacollectionof=aseriesoffigureout=findoutbrightup=lightuprollaround=turnupgive...alecture=deliveraspeechdrawone’sattention=attractone’sattentionbedesperatefor=desirefor=bethirstyforinfavorof=favorable七、閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)理解題真題再練演練01演練01(2024新課標(biāo)II卷B篇)Doyouevergettothetrainstationandrealizeyouforgottobringsomethingtoread?Yes,weallhaveourphones,butmanyofusstillliketogooldschoolandreadsomethingprinted.Well,there’sakiosk(小亭)forthat.IntheSanFranciscoBayArea,atleast.“Youenterthefaregates(檢票口)andyou’llseeakioskthatislitupandittellsyoucangetaone-minute,athree-minute,orafive-minutestory,”saysAliciaTrost,thechiefcommunicationsofficerfortheSanFranciscoBayAreaRapidTransit—knownasBART.“Youchoosewhichlengthyouwantanditgivesyouareceipt-likeshortstory.”It’sthatsimple.Ridershaveprintednearly20,000shortstoriesandpoemssincetheprogramwaslaunchedlastMarch.Someareclassicshortstories,andsomeareneworiginalworks.Trostalsowantstointroducelocalwriterstolocalriders.“WewantedtodosomethingwherewedoacalltoartistsintheBayAreatosubmitstoriesforacontest,”Trostsays.“Andasofrightnow,we’vereceivedabout120submissions.Thewinningstorieswouldgointoourkioskandthenyouwouldbeapublishedartist.”Ridershipontransit(交通)systemsacrossthecountryhasbeendownthepasthalfcentury,socouldshortstoriessavetransit?Trostthinksso.“Attheendofthedayalltransitagenciesrightnowaredoingeverythingtheycantoimprovetheriderexperience.SoIabsolutelythinkwewillgetmoreridersjustbecauseofshortstories,”shesays.Andyou’llneverbewithoutsomethingtoread.24.WhydidBARTstartthekioskprogram?A.Topromotethelocalculture. B.Todiscouragephoneuse.C.Tomeetpassengers’needs. D.Toreduceitsrunningcosts.25.Howarethestoriescategorizedinthekiosk?A.Bypopularity. B.Bylength.C.Bytheme. D.Bylanguage.26.WhathasTrostbeendoingrecently?A.Organizingastorycontest. B.Doingasurveyofcustomers.C.Choosingaprintpublisher. D.Conductinginterviewswithartists.27.WhatisTrost’sopinionaboutBART’sfuture?A.Itwillclosedown. B.Itsprofitswilldecline.C.Itwillexpandnationwide. D.Itsridershipwillincrease.演練02演練02(2024全國(guó)甲卷B篇)TheSaintLukastraindoesn’tacceptpassengers—itacceptsonlythesick.TheSaintLukasisoneoffivegovernment-sponsoredmedicaltrainsthattraveltoremotetownsincentralandeasternRussia.Eachstoplastsanaverageoftwodays,andduringthattimethedoctorsandnursesonboardproviderural(鄉(xiāng)村)populationswithbasicmedicalcare,X-rayscansandprescriptions.“Peoplestartedqueuingtomakeanappointmentearlyinthemorning,”saysEmileDucke,aGermanphotographerwhotraveledwiththestaffoftheSaintLukasforatwo-weektripinNovemberthroughthevastregions(區(qū)域)ofKrasnoyarskandKhakassia.Russia’spublichealthcareservicehasbeeninseriousneedofmodernization.Thegovernmenthasstruggledtocomeupwithmeasurestoaddresstheproblem,particularlyinthepoorer,ruralareaseastoftheVolgaRiver,includingarrangingdoctor’sappointmentsbyvideochatandexpandingfinancialaidprogramstomotivatedoctorstopracticemedicineinremotepartsofthecountrylikeKrasnoyarsk.TheannualarrivaloftheSaintLukasisanotherattempttoimprovethesituation.For10monthseveryyear,thetrainstopsatabouteightstationsovertwoweeks,beforereturningtotheregionalcapitaltorefuelandrestock(補(bǔ)給).Thenitstartsalloveragainthenextmonth.Moststationswaitaboutayearbetweenvisits.Doctorsseeupto150patientseveryday.Thetrain’sequipmentallowsforbasiccheckups.“Iwasveryimpressedbythedoctorsandtheirassistantsworkingandlivinginsuchlittlespacebutstillstayingfocusedandveryconcerned,”saysDucke.“Theywerethebestchanceformanyruralpeopletogetthetreatmenttheywant.”28.HowistheSaintLukasdifferentfromothertrains?A.Itrunsacrosscountries. B.Itreservesseatsfortheseniors.C.Itfunctionsasahospital. D.Ittravelsalongariver.29.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3aboutKrasnoyarsk?A.Itisheavilypopulated. B.Itofferstrainingfordoctors.C.Itisamoderncity. D.Itneedsmedicalaid.30.HowlongcantheSaintLukasworkwithonesupply?A.Aboutayear. B.Abouttenmonths.C.Abouttwomonths. D.Abouttwoweeks.31.WhatisDucke’sattitudetowardtheSaintLukas’services?A.Appreciative. B.Doubtful C.Ambiguous. D.Cautious.演練03演練03(2023新課標(biāo)I卷B篇)WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(細(xì)菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse—likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”24.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasfondoftraveling. B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.C.Hehadaninquiringmind. D.Helongedtobeadoctor.25.WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A.Tofeedtheanimals. B.Tobuildanecosystem.C.Toprotecttheplants. D.Totesttheeco-machine.26.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A.ToreviewJohn’sresearchplans. B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sidea.C.TocompareJohn’sdifferentjobs. D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sinvention.27.WhatisthebasisforJohn’swork?A.Naturecanrepairitself. B.Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C.LifeonEarthisdiverse. D.Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.八、閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)理解題名校模擬【模擬01】（2024·四川達(dá)州·二模）STEMCompetitionsforStudentsNSTAExploraVisionAreyouinterestedinwhatthefutureholds?ConsiderExploraVision’sSTEM(science,technology,engineering&mathematics)competition.Workinginteamsoftwotofour,studentswillresearchaparticulartechnologyandassessthewaysinwhichitmayimpactlivesmovingforward.Participantsarerequiredtowriteapaperanddrawwebpagescommunicatingtheirvision.Grades:7th-9thand10th-12thCompetitionType:RegionalandnationaleCyberMissionYoucanparticipateinthiscompetitionwithoutleavingthehouse.eCyberMissionisaweb-basedcontestinwhichparticipants—workinginteamsoftwotofourstudents—usescience,mathandtechnologytosolveproblemsfacingtheircommunities.First-placewinnersreceive$1,000.Grades:9thCompetitionType:Regional,stateandnationalTEAMSCompetitionHeldannually,TEAMSinvitesstudentstousetheirengineeringtalenttocontributetothecommunity.Workingingroupsoftwotofourstudents,participantscompletereal-lifeengineeringchallenges.Thecompetitionincludesmultiple-choicequestions,anessayandadesign-buildcomponent.Grades:9th-12thCompetitionType:StateandnationalTheConradChallengeInthischallenge,participantsworkinteamsoftwotofivestudentstodevelopproductsorservicesinresponsetokeyissuesfacingpeoplearoundtheworld.TheConradChallengeempowersstudentstotakecontroloftheirlearningandapplyittoreal-lifesituations.Winnersareeligible(有資格的)forscholarships,patentassistanceandaidincreatingcompanies.Grades:9th-12thCompetitionType:International1．WhatdoesNSTAExploraVision’sSTEMcompetitionfocuson?A．Engineeringinnovation.B．Students’paperwritingskills.C．Newtechnologyshapingthefuture.D．Students’abilityinwebpagedesign.2．WhatdothefourSTEMcompetitionshaveincommon?A．Winnerswillgetabigcashprize.B．Theyareallnationalcompetitions.C．Participantsarerequiredtoworkinteams.D．Participantsmustsolvereal-lifeproblems.3．Whichcompetitioninvolvesforeignstudents?A．NSTAExploraVision. B．eCvberMission.C．TEAMSCompetition. D．TheConradChallenge.【模擬02】（2024·江蘇宿遷·一模）Iwassurprisedtofindthecongestion(擁塞)outsideLayla’sprimaryschoolwasunusuallyabsent—I’ddrivenrightintoaparkingspace,andIwasontime,foronce.Theschoolbellrang,andinamomentastreamofchildrenmadetheirwaythroughthegate.Butsomethingwasdifferent—thekidswerepilingintovehiclesinthreesandfours.BeforeIcouldenquiremydaughterLayla,MrTrent,thedeputyhead,approached.“MrsPavis,didyounotreadourletter?”Letter?Whatletter?Ihadahistoryofnotlookingoutforthem,andnotreadingtheminmostcases.“Theletter?Ofcourse.Itmusthavejustslippedmymind—I’vebeenawaywithwork.”NowIwasdiggingaroundinLayla’smessyschoolbagathome.Eventually,Ifoundseveralletters,alladdressingthesametopic—parkingoutsidetheschoolgates.Apparentlywithsomeparentsparkingillegally,thepolicewereabouttogetinvolved.“Whydidn’tyougivemetheseletters?”Idemanded.Laylashrugged.“Iforgot.”IwasabouttolaunchintoaseverelecturewhenitoccurredtomethatIhadalwaysforgotten—IhadforgottentogiveLaylahermoneyforcookerythatmorningandforgottentohangoutthekids’washedclothes.Icontainedmyselfandfiguredoutthattheywantedtheparentstocar-pool(拼車).IspentthenexthalfhourringingroundLayla’sfriends’parents,enquiringiftheywouldliketocar-poolwithus.Unfortunately,theywereallsorted.Itwasmyownfault—Ishouldhavereadthoselettersagesago.“Er...Ioverheardotherstalkingaboutit,”Laylasaid,“Theysaidtheydidn’tknowwhowouldcar-poolwithus,becausewe’realwayslate.”Iflushedinstantly.Wewereadisorganisedfamily,andIwastheonetoblame.Iresolvedtochange.Withresponsibilityformykids,IfindIamnever,everlate.It’sgoodforLaylaandforherolderbrothers,andit’sgoodforme,becausenowIneverleavethehouseunprepared.I’veevenstartedcheckingthekids’schoolbagsfornotesfromschool.4．Whatdidtheauthornoticewhentheschoolwasover?A．Itwashardtofindaparkingspace. B．Childrenwerepickedupingroups.C．Herdaughterwasabsentfromclass. D．Shearrivedmuchearlierthanothers.5．Whatstoppedtheauthorcriticizingherdaughter?A．Thereflectionofherdailyroutine. B．Therealizationofhercarelessness.C．Theknowledgeofherkid’scharacter. D．Theawarenessofherkid’sdepression.6．Whydidothersrefusetocar-poolwiththemaccordingtoLayla?A．Becausetheycontactedthemlate. B．Becausetheyfailedtokeepthehousetidy.C．Becausetheycouldn’tbeontime. D．Becausetheyignoredtheschool’srequest.7．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Actioncreatesmotivation. B．Mother’sloveneverchanges.C．It’snevertoolatetomend. D．Patienceisthekeytosuccess.【模擬03】（2024·廣東江門·二）Everyday,peoplesharemorethan2billionphotosontheInternet.Whilevisualcontentprovidesafunandexpressivewayforpeopletocommunicateonline,consumingandcreatingitposeschallengesforpeoplewhoareblindorseverelyvisuallyimpaired(受損的).Withmorethan39millionpeoplewhoareblind,andover246millionwhohaveaseverevisualimpairme