湖北省黃岡市黃梅縣育才高級中學2024-2025學年高三上學期9月月考英語試題（解析版）

黃梅縣育才高級中學高三9月月考英語（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，請先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthemanprobablydo?A.VisitBill. B.Playtennis. C.Goswimming.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Jack,areyougoingtoplaytenniswithustoday?M:I’msorry,IalreadypromisedBillI’dgoswimmingwithhim.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhattimeisAlexsupposedtoarrive?A.At8:00. B.At7:30. C.At8:15.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:IwonderifAlexwillbeherebyeighto’clock.Heissupposedtobe.M:Hismothersaidheleftatseventhirty,sohewouldbeherebyeightfifteenatthelatest.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wherewillthespeakersprobablyspendtheirvacation?A.InChina. B.InItaly. C.InKorea.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:IknowyouwanttogotoChinaorKorea,butIreallywanttospendthevacationinItaly.M:Whateveryoulike,honey.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhichcolorMP4playerdoesthemanwant?A.Green. B.Brown. C.Blue.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:YoushouldhavealookatthenewMP4playerthat’sjustcomein,it’sanewdesignanditcomesinfourcolors,lightgreen,darkblue,blackandbrown.M:That’sexactlywhatI’mlookingfor,Hmm.Iknowmostboyswouldpreferblue,butIthinkI’dlikeagreenone.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatisthemandoing?A.Makinganapology. B.Makinganinvitation. C.Offeringhelp.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme,lily?W:What’sup?M:IwaswonderingifyouwouldbefreetohavedinnerwithmethisSunday.W:I’dloveto,butIhavetohelpmysisterwithherhomework.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atthecounter. B.Ontheplane. C.Attheairport.7.WhenwilltheplanegettoParispossibly?A.10:00. B.11:40. C.10:40.【答案】6.C7.C【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,isthisthegateforFMflight810?M:Yes,departingforParis.W:Good.Willtheplanetakeoffrightaway?M:Itleavesatsixforty,sothereisstillfortyminutestogo.W:WillitarriveinParisontime?M:Ihopeso.Theflighttakesaboutfourhours.W:IstheairportfarawayfromdowntownParis?M:Yes,onehour’sdrive,atleast.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Painttheroomherself.B.MovetotheMissionInnHotel.C.Askhersontostayinanotherhotel.9.What’stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Houseownerandrenter.B.Motherandson.C.Receptionistandcustomer.【答案】8A9.A【解析】【原文】M:Hey,listen,Ineedtherent.Ican’twaitanymore.W:Yeah,I’msorryIhaven’tgivenittoyouyet.M:Whydon’tyougotwoblocksovertothemissioninnhotel?It’shalfwhatyoupayhere.Listen,Ineedyoutobeoutofhereinthemorning.W:AmIsupposedtobeoutofheretomorrow?M:I’vegotpainterscomingin.W:Allright.Look,Ineedmoretime.M:No.W:I’llpaintitmyself.Allright.ButIjust,Ihavegottohavesomemoretime.Mysonliveshere.M:Allright,oneweekandyoupainttheroom.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Thejewelry. B.Arobbery. C.Afact.11.Whichofthefollowingismarked?A.Thecomputer. B.Thejewelry. C.Thefridge.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman’shusband?A.Hehasfoundsometraces.B.HeisonthewaybackfromCanada.C.Hehasnoideawhathashappened.【答案】10.B11.A12.C【解析】【原文】M:Goodafternoon,madam,youjustcalledus,didn’tyou?ThisisofficerBelfordW:Yes,Idid.M:Pleasetellmealittlemoreinformationaboutit.Justthefacts.Whattimedidithappen?W:IdaresayitmustbesometimebetweentwelveandonethirtybecauseIlefthomeattwelveandjustgotbackatonethirty.M:Whatdidtheyget?W:Well,IknownowI’mmissingsomejewelry,moneyandthecomputer.M:Okay,well,youaremakingalist.Bytheway,didyouhaveyourbelongingsmarked?W:Marked?Notthejewelry,butmyhusbandputhisnameonthecomputer.M:Bythewaywhere’syourhusband?W:Heisn’tin,he’sonatriptoCanada.Ihaven’tcontactedhimabouttherobberyyet.M:Isee.Wheredidyouputyourjewelry?W:Iputitinthefridge,butallmygoodjewelryisinthesafedepositboxinthebank.M:Okay,I’llbeintouchwithyouassoonaswefindanytrace.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Colleagues. B.Neighbors. C.Friends.14.Whendidthemanbegintowork?A.In2008. B.In2014. C.In2016.15.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheisbusy.B.Shelivedherefor10years.C.Shemovedhereduetoherjob.16.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman?A.Sheisbusy. B.Sheisdishonest. C.Sheappearsyounger.【答案】13.B14.A15.C16.C【解析】【原文】W:HiDavid,longtimenosee.Whathaveyoubeendoingrecently?M:Hi,Jenny,gladtoseeyouagain.I’vebeenawayonbusiness.Ifeelgoodtobehome.Whathaveyoubeenuptolately?W:Oh,Iamfreethesedays.I’vebeencaringfortheplantsinthegardenthesedays.M:Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?W:We’velivedhereforovereightyears.WemovedheresinceIgotanewjobasasalesmanager.Andhowlonghaveyoulivedhere?M:We’veonlylivedherefortwoyears.W:Unbelievable.Itappearedthatyouhavelivedhereformorethantenyears.M:No,wemovedherein2016.ItseemsthatIgraduatedfromcollegeyesterday.Infact,I’vebeenworkingfortenyears.W:I’vebeenworkingformorethanthirtyyears.ItisnextmonththatI’mgoingtoretire.M:Whatasurprise.Youlookatleasttenyearsyounger.W:Thankyou.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whichseasoniscalled“theholidayseason”?A.Spring. B.Winter. C.Summer.18.WhenisChristmasontheEasternChristiancalendar?A.January7. B.January1. C.December25.19.HowdopeoplecelebrateChristmas?A.Byeatingatfastfoodrestaurants.B.Byunitingwiththeirfamilies.C.Bysingingsongsathome.20.WheredopeopleplaceChristmastrees?A.OntheStreet. B.Inthechurch. C.Onpublicsquares【答案】17.B18.A19.B20.C【解析】【原文】W:Holidaysarespecialdaysforthepeopleofonenationorculture.Onthesedays,everyday,activitiessuchasworkorschoolarenormallystopped.Everycountryhasseveralimportantholidayswhichcanbenational,religiousorsimplycultural.Forexample,peopleusuallycelebratethestartofspringonJanuaryfirst.Manyholidaysarecelebratedinthewinter,whichiswhythisperiodisalsoknownastheholidayseason.ChristmasisthebiggestannualholidayfortheChristianworldcelebratingthebirthofJesusChrist.InmostoftheworlditiscelebratedonDecember25.However,manytraditionaleasternchurchesuseadifferentcalendar,soforthisreasontheycelebrateChristmasonJanuaryseveninadditiontoitsreligiousimportance,Christmashasalsobeenadoptedasaculturalholidaybymanynon-Christians.EachcountryhasuniqueChristmastraditions,butnearlyallofthemincludealargefamilygathering,decoratingthehouse,exchanginggiftsandhavingalongfeast.InsomeEuropeancountries,peoplegocarolingthatissingingspecialChristmassongsonthestreetorinthechurch.IthasalsobecomepopulartohaveaChristmastreebothinsidethehouseandoncitysquares.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ABestBooksforCollegeAdmissionsCollegeadmissionsareusuallyacomplexprocess,withweightedGPAs,APscores,volunteerrequirements,andextracurricularactivities.These4booksarethebestguideswecanoffertohelpyouthinkthroughthiscomplexandexpensiveprocesswithyourteens.WhoGetsInandWhybyJeffSelingoBestsellingauthorandeducationjournalist,JeffSelingo,spentmonthsinthecollegeadmissionsdepartmentsofthreedifferentuniversities.Hegainedatrueinsider’sviewofwhatreallygoesonwhendecisionsaremadeaboutwhichstudentstoadmit,andwhichonestodeny.Thisinsightfulbookoffersfamiliesguidanceonhelpingtheirteensdiscoverthefitcollegeoneverylevel,includingfinancialmust-reads!CollegeEssayEssentialsbyEthanSawyerThecollegeapplicationessayisthemostdifficultpartoftheapplicationprocessformanystudents.EthanSawyerisheretohelpwithhiscomprehensiveguidetowritingthecollegeessay.Filledwithtips,exercisesandessaysfromstudentswhogainedadmissiontotheirtopchoiceschools,thisbookwilltakethestingoutoftheessay-writingprocessforyourteenandyou!TheTruthaboutCollegeAdmissionbyRickClarkandBrennanBarnardRickClarkhaswrittenthisexcellentguide,offeringfamiliesachancetolearnhowadmissionsofficersthinkaboutthecollegeapplicationprocess.Writtenwithco-authorBrennanBarnard,DirectorofCollegeCounselingatTheDerryfieldSchool,thisistheadmissionsguidebookforfamiliesthatwilltakethemthroughtheentirecollegeadmissionsprocess.TheCollegeConversationbyEricJ.FurdaandJacquesSteinbergEricJ.Furda,DeanofAdmissionsattheUniversityofPennsylvania,andbestsellingauthorJacquesSteinberg,provideguidanceforparentsaboutthecrucialconversationstheyneedtohavewiththeircollege-boundteens.21.WhatdoWhoGetsInandWhyandTheTruthaboutCollegeAdmissionhaveincommon?A.Theyarebothbestsellersoftheyear. B.Theyareboththeresultoftwoauthors.C.Theycenterontheadmissionsmatter. D.Theyshareadmissionsofficers’opinions.22.Whichbookmightyouturntowhenyouhavedifficultywiththeapplicationletter?A.WhoGetsInandWhy. B.CollegeEssayEssentials.C.TheTruthaboutCollegeAdmission. D.TheCollegeConversation.23.Whoisthetextmostlyintendedfor?A.Highschoolstudents. B.Educationalexperts.C.Collegeadmissionsofficers. D.Parentsofpre-collegestudents.【答案】21.C22.B23.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。主要介紹的是四本關(guān)于大學錄取的書籍的相關(guān)信息。【21題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhoGetsInandWhybyJeffSelingo部分“Hegainedatrueinsider’sviewofwhatreallygoesonwhendecisionsaremadeaboutwhichstudentstoadmit,andwhichonestodeny.(在決定錄取哪些學生、拒絕哪些學生時，他獲得了一個真正的局內(nèi)人的視角。)”和TheTruthaboutCollegeAdmissionbyRickClarkandBrennanBarnard部分的“RickClarkhaswrittenthisexcellentguide,offeringfamiliesachancetolearnhowadmissionsofficersthinkaboutthecollegeapplicationprocess.(RickClark撰寫了這本優(yōu)秀的指南，為家庭提供了一個了解招生官員如何看待大學申請過程的機會。)”可知，WhoGetsInandWhy和TheTruthaboutCollegeAdmission這兩本書的共同之處在于它們集中在招生問題上。故選C項?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CollegeEssayEssentialsbyEthanSawyer部分“Thecollegeapplicationessayisthemostdifficultpartoftheapplicationprocessformanystudents.EthanSawyerisheretohelpwithhiscomprehensiveguidetowritingthecollegeessay.(對許多學生來說，大學申請論文是申請過程中最困難的部分。EthanSawyer在這里為你提供寫大學論文的綜合指南。)”可知，當你寫申請信有困難時，你會求助于CollegeEssayEssentials這本書。故選B項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段中的“These4booksarethebestguideswecanoffertohelpyouthinkthroughthiscomplexandexpensiveprocesswithyourteens.(這4本書是我們能提供的最佳指南，可以幫助你和你的孩子一起思考這個復雜且昂貴的過程。)”可知，本文介紹的是四本書是幫助家長和孩子了解這一復雜的招生錄取過程的，由此可知，本文是寫給即將進入大學的孩子的家長的。故選D項。BAmonthago,whenwewerebrainstormingideasformycolumn,myeditorapproachedmewithachallenge:spend$10atthelocalsecond-handstoreGoodwillandturnmyfindsintonewtreasures.Ihesitated.Iwasdoubtfulaboutmyabilitytoturntrash(廢物)intotreasure.ButtheNewYearseemedlikeagoodtimetopushthelimitsofmycreativity,soImadeupmymindtogiveitashot.Itookmy$10andwenttotheGoodwill.Ispentoveranhourdiggingthroughshelves,lookingforsomethingIcouldsafelyupcycle.Iwasnotespeciallyhandy,soIdidn’twanttouseanythingwithbreakablebits.Ialsodidn’twanttodamageanoldhardcoverbookforthepurposeofdecoration.Therefore,ItookastepbackanddecidedtochooseaprojectbeforeIpickedmyitems.IthoughtbacktoanarticleIoncewroteoncontainergardeninganddecidedthatIcouldmakeaprettyplanteroutofalmostanything.Withmynewgoalinmind,IchoseabasketandabagofstonesIcouldusefordrainage(排水)forplants.Itfeltcheaptojustfillthecontainerswithsoil,butmylimitedskillsleftmewithfewtoolsathome.Plus,Ineededplants.SoIpickeduppaintandplantsfromthemarket.ThenIsprayed(噴)thebasket.Ineverseemedtobeabletoaddenoughcolortothebasket.Ifigureditmightlookbetterwhenitdried.Nextmorning,althoughIfollowedanumberofonlinerecommendations,Ifoundmyworkspacewasamessafterwateringmypreciousplantsintheirnewhome.Theprocessofturningtrashintotreasurewasstressful,butthefinishedproductshavefoundaplaceinmyhome.Unconsciously,Ihavefalleninlovewithitandhopefully,Iwillgainsomeoftheskillsthatwilltakemygametothenextlevelnextyear.24.Whydidtheauthorregardtheeditor’ssuggestionasachallenge?A.Forlackofenoughtime. B.Forbeingshortofcreativeideas.C.Forthecomplexityofthetask. D.Forbeinginexperiencedinrecycling.25.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’scharacteraccordingtoparagraph2?A.Conservative. B.Flexible. C.Sensitive. D.Modest.26.Whatinspiredtheauthortogrowplants?A.Aplantingproject. B.Anarticleaboutgardening.C.Theeditor’swords. D.TheitemsfoundintheGoodwill.27.Whatdoestheauthor’supcyclingleadtofinally?A.Amessyworkspace. B.Anewcareerpath.C.Valuedpartsofhome. D.Betterpaintingskills.【答案】24.D25.A26.B27.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一個月前，編輯挑戰(zhàn)作者在二手店用10美元買的東西變成新寶藏。作者猶豫但決定嘗試。最終選了籃子和石頭做排水盆栽。過程雖難，但成品很好，作者愛上了這個過程，并希望明年能提高技能?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Amonthago,whenwewerebrainstormingideasformycolumn,myeditorapproachedmewithachallenge:spend$10atthelocalsecond-handstoreGoodwillandturnmyfindsintonewtreasures.Ihesitated.Iwasdoubtfulaboutmyabilitytoturntrash(廢物)intotreasure.(一個月前，當我們在為我的專欄集思廣益時，我的編輯給我提出了一個挑戰(zhàn)：在當?shù)囟值闓oodwill花10美元，并將我找到的東西變成新的寶藏。我猶豫了。我懷疑自己是否有能力將廢物變成寶藏。)”可知，作者認為自己沒有將垃圾變成寶藏的能力，因此將編輯的建議視為挑戰(zhàn)。這表明作者在回收方面缺乏經(jīng)驗，因此認為這是一項挑戰(zhàn)。故選D。【25題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Iwasnotespeciallyhandy,soIdidn’twanttouseanythingwithbreakablebits.Ialsodidn’twanttodamageanoldhardcoverbookforthepurposeofdecoration.(我不太靈巧，所以我不想使用任何易碎的東西。我也不想為了裝飾而損壞舊精裝書。)”可知，作者描述了自己不是特別靈巧，不想使用易碎的東西，也不想為了裝飾而損壞舊精裝書，這表明作者很保守。因此，最能描述作者性格的詞語是“conservative”（保守的）。故選A?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“IthoughtbacktoanarticleIoncewroteoncontainergardeninganddecidedthatIcouldmakeaprettyplanteroutofalmostanything.(我回想起自己曾經(jīng)寫過的一篇關(guān)于容器園藝的文章，并決定我?guī)缀蹩梢杂萌魏螙|西制作一個漂亮的盆栽。)”可知，一篇關(guān)于園藝的文章激發(fā)了作者種植植物的靈感。故選B?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Theprocessofturningtrashintotreasurewasstressful,butthefinishedproductshavefoundaplaceinmyhome.(將廢物變成寶藏的過程很有壓力，但成品已經(jīng)在我家找到了一席之地。)”可知，最終完成的作品已經(jīng)找到了在我的家中的位置，成為了家中不可或缺的一部分。因此，作者的再利用最終導致了家中寶貴的部分。故選C。CAresearchteamledbyProf.GanJianping,fromTheHongKongUniversityofScienceandTechnologyinChina,carriedoutfieldobservationsandconductednumericalsimulations(數(shù)值模擬)intheSouthChinaSea(SCS)recentlyanddisclosednever-before-seencharacteristicsoftheoceanmovementintheSCS.ThecomplexoceancirculationsystemcontrolstheenergychangeandwatermasstransportintheSCS,andaffectsthebiogeochemicalprocesses,thecarbonbudget,oceanecosystems,regionalclimatechange,andthesustainableeconomicandsocialdevelopmentinsurroundingcountriesandregions,whichaccountforabout22%oftheworld’spopulation.StudiesontheSCScirculationanddynamicsareregardedasthefoundationofunderstandingtheSCS.Inthepastfewdecades,therehasbeengrowingglobalattentiontooceancirculationresearchontheSCS.However,scientificunderstandingofthethree-dimensionalwatermovementinthisregionisstillverylimitedandsometimesevenwrong.Thisiscausedbythelackofactsofcarefulwatching,noreliablenumericalmodel,andlimitedknowledgeofthecomplexphysicalprocessesintheSCScirculation.Untilrecently,aresearchteamledbyProf.GanconfirmedthattheSCScirculationhasathree-layer(層)structure,whereseawatercirclesanticlockwise,clockwiseandclockwiseintheupper,middleandbottomlayers,respectively.Thestudyalsofoundthatthethree-layercirculationiscomposedofthedynamicallyactive“hotspots”alongthecontinentalslope(斜坡)surroundingthedeepbasin,insteadofanorderlystructureintheentireregionaspreviouslythought.Prof.Gansays,“Becauseoffailuretodiscoverthedynamic‘hotspot’inthesea,almostallglobalmodelscannotaccuratelysimulatethethree-layercirculationstructureandrelatedphysicsintheSCS.Therefore,comparedwithresearchontheopenocean,ourunderstandingandsimulationoftheSCScirculation,forcedbymultiplefactorsandmanydynamicprocesses,requiresgreatereffortanddeterminationthanexpected.”28.WhichaspectofthestudyontheSCScirculationisstressedinparagraph2?A.Thefocus. B.Thegoal. C.Thesignificance. D.Thebackground.29.WhatmadeitdifficulttounderstandtheSCSwatermovement?A.Fewdetailedobservationsofit. B.Littleglobalattentiontoit.C.Ashortageofnumericalmodels. D.Ignoranceofthephysicalprocesses.30.WhatdidthestudyfindabouttheSCScirculation?A.Itcovershotspotsoftheentireregion. B.Itsthree-layerstructureisingoodorder.C.ItisformedinthedeepbasinoftheSCS. D.Itslowerlayerscirculateinthesamedirection.31.HowdoesProf.Ganfindtheirwork?A.Itisabitconventional. B.Itisratherchallenging.C.Itispartlyunsuccessful. D.Itisphysicallydemanding.【答案】28.C29.A30.D31.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了由中國香港科技大學甘建平教授領導的研究團隊在南海進行了觀測和數(shù)值模擬，揭示了該區(qū)域海洋運動的新特征?！?8題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ThecomplexoceancirculationsystemcontrolstheenergychangeandwatermasstransportintheSCS,andaffectsthebiogeochemicalprocesses,thecarbonbudget,oceanecosystems,regionalclimatechange,andthesustainableeconomicandsocialdevelopmentinsurroundingcountriesandregions,whichaccountforabout22%oftheworld’spopulation.StudiesontheSCScirculationanddynamicsareregardedasthefoundationofunderstandingtheSCS.(復雜的海洋環(huán)流系統(tǒng)控制著南海的能量變化和水體運輸，并影響著生物地球化學過程、碳預算、海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)、區(qū)域氣候變化以及周邊國家和地區(qū)的可持續(xù)經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展，這些國家和地區(qū)的人口約占世界總?cè)丝诘?2%。對南海環(huán)流及其動力學的研究被認為是理解南海的基礎。)”可知，第二段主要描述了南海環(huán)流系統(tǒng)的重要性和復雜性，包括它如何控制能量變化、水體運輸，以及影響生物地球化學過程、碳預算、海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)、區(qū)域氣候變化和周邊國家和地區(qū)的可持續(xù)經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展。這些都是南海環(huán)流研究的意義所在。故選C。【29題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“However,scientificunderstandingofthethree-dimensionalwatermovementinthisregionisstillverylimitedandsometimesevenwrong.Thisiscausedbythelackofactsofcarefulwatching,noreliablenumericalmodel,andlimitedknowledgeofthecomplexphysicalprocessesintheSCScirculation.(然而，對這一地區(qū)三維水流運動的科學理解仍然非常有限，有時甚至是錯誤的。這是由于缺乏仔細的觀測行為、沒有可靠的數(shù)值模型以及對南海環(huán)流中復雜物理過程的認識有限所導致的。)”可知，科學界對南海三維水流運動的了解仍然非常有限，有時甚至是錯誤的。這是由于缺乏詳細的觀測、沒有可靠的數(shù)值模型以及對南海環(huán)流復雜物理過程的知識有限所致。因此，缺乏詳細的觀測是理解南海水流運動困難的主要原因。故選A。30題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Untilrecently,aresearchteamledbyProf.GanconfirmedthattheSCScirculationhasathree-layer(層)structure,whereseawatercirclesanticlockwise,clockwiseandclockwiseintheupper,middleandbottomlayers,respectively.(直到最近，由甘教授領導的研究團隊證實，南海環(huán)流具有三層結(jié)構(gòu)，其中上層、中層和底層海水分別逆時針、順時針和順時針旋轉(zhuǎn)。)”可知，研究團隊發(fā)現(xiàn)南海環(huán)流具有三層結(jié)構(gòu)，其中上層、中層和底層海水分別逆時針、順時針和順時針旋轉(zhuǎn)。因此，可以推斷出南海環(huán)流的底層海水是向同一方向旋轉(zhuǎn)的。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Prof.Gansays,“Becauseoffailuretodiscoverthedynamic‘hotspot’inthesea,almostallglobalmodelscannotaccuratelysimulatethethree-layercirculationstructureandrelatedphysicsintheSCS.Therefore,comparedwithresearchontheopenocean,ourunderstandingandsimulationoftheSCScirculation,forcedbymultiplefactorsandmanydynamicprocesses,requiresgreatereffortanddeterminationthanexpected.”(甘教授說：“由于未能發(fā)現(xiàn)海洋中的動態(tài)‘熱點’，幾乎所有的全球模型都無法準確模擬南海的三層環(huán)流結(jié)構(gòu)及相關(guān)物理現(xiàn)象。因此，與開放海洋的研究相比，我們對南海環(huán)流的理解和模擬，由于多種因素和許多動態(tài)過程的共同作用，需要比預期更大的努力和決心?！?”可知，甘教授認為他們的工作具有挑戰(zhàn)性。故選B。DSomeantshavefiguredouthowtoavoidgettinglost:buildtalleranthills,accordingtoarecentstudy.Desertantslivinginthehot,flatsaltpansofTunisiaspendtheirdayslookingforfoodandreachasfaras1.1kilometersfromtheirnests.Tofindtheirwayhome,desertantsuseanavigationsystem,relyingonthesun’spositionandcountingtheirstepstotracktheirlocationrelativetotheirnest.Butthissystembecomesincreasinglyunreliableasthedistancefromthenestincreases.“Werealizedthat,whenevertheantsinsaltpanscameclosertotheirnest,theysuddenlypinpointedthenesthillfromseveralmetersdistance,”saysMarkusKnaden,aresearcheratMaxPlanckInstituteforChemicalEcology.“Thismadeusthinkthatthehillservesasanest-defininglandmark.”SoKnadenandcolleaguescapturedantsfromnestsinthemiddleofsaltpansandfromalongtheirshorelines.Onlysalt-pannestshaddistincthills,upto40centimeterstall,whereasthehillsonshorelinenestswerelowerorbarelynoticeable.Next,theteamremovedanyhillsandplacedthecapturedinsectssomedistanceawayfromtheirnests.Salt-panantsstruggledmorethanshoreantstofindhomes.Shoreantsreliedontheshorelineforguidanceandweren’taffectedbythehillremoval,theresearchersconcluded.Theteamfurtherconductedanotherstudytoseeifdesertantsweredeliberatelybuildingatallerhillwhentheirsurroundingslackedanyvisiblelandmarks.So,theresearchersremovedthehillsof16salt-pannestsandinstalled(安裝)two50-centimeter-tallblocksneareightofthem.Theothereightnestswereleftwithoutanyartificialvisualaid.Afterthreedays,theresearchersfoundthatsevenantsfromtheunaidednestshadrebuilttheirhills.Butonlytwoantsfromthenestswithman-madeblocksnearbyhadbotheredtorebuild.“Itimpliesthatantsregularlyassessthecomplexityoftheirenvironmentandchangetheirdecisionsbasedontheirconclusion,”saysecologistJudithBronsteinoftheUniversityofArizona.32.Whataspectofantsistherecentstudymainlyabout?A.Challengesofsurvival. B.Landmarksofhabitats.C.Intelligenceofnavigation. D.Comparisonofvarieties.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pinpointed”inparagraph2mean?A.Explored. B.Recognized. C.Climbed. D.Crossed.34.Whydidresearcherssetshorelineantsintheexperiment?A.Toobservedifferentants’reactions. B.Toproveimpactsofvarioushabitats.C.Todisturbdesertants’navigationsystem. D.Totestanthills’functionsandsignificance.35.Whatconclusionaboutdesertantscanbedrawnfromthefollow-upstudy?A.Evaluateandmakechanges. B.Visualaidisamust.C.Cooperationbringsvictory. D.Noman-madeblocksareused.【答案】32.C33.B34.A35.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章探討了沙漠螞蟻的“智能化導航”?！驹斀狻?.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Someantshavefiguredouthowtoavoidgettinglost:buildtalleranthills,accordingtoarecentstudy.(一些螞蟻已經(jīng)想出了如何避免迷路：根據(jù)最近的一項研究，就是建造更高的蟻丘)”以及第二、三段中的內(nèi)容可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)沙漠螞蟻利用太陽的位置和計算步數(shù)來確定自己相對于巢穴的位置，并且當它們離巢越遠時，這種導航系統(tǒng)越不可靠。研究者進一步觀察了沙漠鹽田和海岸線地區(qū)的螞蟻巢穴，發(fā)現(xiàn)只有沙漠鹽田的巢穴上方有明顯的小丘，而海岸線地區(qū)的巢穴則較低或幾乎不可見。由此可知，這項研究主要關(guān)于螞蟻導航的智能化。故選C。2.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文“Thismadeusthinkthatthehillservesasanest-defininglandmark.(這讓我們覺得這座山就像是一個定義巢穴的地標)”可知，研究者認為這個小丘是沙漠螞蟻定位巢穴的地標,它們在接近巢穴時會一下子在幾米遠的距離外辨認出巢穴小丘。由此可知，劃線詞pinpointed的意思是“辨認”。故選B。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知，研究者對沙漠螞蟻和海岸線螞蟻進行了實驗，目的是比較它們在失去小丘后找回巢穴的情況。因此，研究者在實驗中設置海岸線螞蟻是為了觀察不同螞蟻的反應和表現(xiàn)。故選A。4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Afterthreedays,theresearchersfoundthatsevenantsfromtheunaidednestshadrebuilttheirhills.Butonlytwoantsfromthenestswithman-madeblocksnearbyhadbotheredtorebuild.(三天后，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，無人幫助的螞蟻巢中有七只螞蟻重建了它們的丘陵。但是只有兩只來自附近有人造障礙的螞蟻巢中的螞蟻費心去重建)”以及最后一段中的“Itimpliesthatantsregularlyassessthecomplexityoftheirenvironmentandchangetheirdecisionsbasedontheirconclusion.(這意味著螞蟻定期評估其環(huán)境的復雜性，并根據(jù)他們的結(jié)論改變他們的決定)”可知，研究者進行了一項后續(xù)研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)當人為移除沙漠螞蟻的鹽田巢穴的小丘時，一些螞蟻重新建造了它們的小丘，而有一些螞蟻利用人為搭建的地標建巢。由此可知，螞蟻會定期評估周圍環(huán)境的復雜性，并根據(jù)自己的結(jié)論改變決策。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Inthedynamicworldoffitness,wheretreadmills(跑步機)humandweightsclink,anemergingconcernforsustainabilityisreshapingthegymexperience.____36____?Inthisguide,we’llnavigatethroughkeyaspectsofeco-consciousfitnesstohelpyoufigureoutifyourgymisonthesustainabletrack.●Energy-efficientequipmentAsustainablegymstartswiththetoolsthatpushyourworkout.Modernfitnessequipmentisevolvingbeyondthepursuitofpersonalrecords.____37____.Energy-efficientmachines,equippedwithregenerativebrakingsystemsandsmarttechnology,employthepowergeneratedduringworkoutstobalanceelectricityconsumption.Lookattheverytoolsthatpoweryourworkout.Arethemachinesequippedwithenergy-efficientfeatures?Dotheyemploytheenergygeneratedduringworkoutstocontributebacktothegym’spowerneeds?●____38____Theinfrastructure(基礎設施)ofagymplaysacrucialroleinitssustainabilityjourney.Theuseofeco-friendlymaterials,energy-efficientlightingandstrategicdesignfornaturalaircirculationarekeyelementsofagreenfitnessspace.Exploretheinfrastructureofyourgym.Doestheoveralldesignfacilitatenaturalaircirculationandusesustainableconstructionpractices?●WastemanagementAsyouaresweatingitoutatthegym,whathappenstothewastegenerated?Sustainablefitnessspacesprioritisecomprehensivewastemanagementsystems.____39____.Directyourattentiontohowyourgymmanageswaste.Aretherevisiblerecyclingprogramsforplastics,paperandothercommongymmaterials?Doesthegymuseeco-friendlycleaningproducts,demonstratingacommitmenttominimisingitsenvironmentalimpact?●Renewableenergyintegration____40____,butsustainablefitnessfacilitiesfindinnovativewaystoemployrenewableenergy.Solarpanelsandotherrenewableenergysourcesareintegratedintothegym’sinfrastructuretooffsetpowerconsumption,reducingthefacility’scarbonfootprintandcontributingtoagreenerenergylandscape.Investigatewhetheryourgymistappingintorenewableenergysources.Aretheresolarpanelsorwindturbinesintegratedintotheinfrastructure?A.ThisinvolvesrecyclingprogramsforcommongymmaterialsB.GreenbuildingpracticesCAdaptablefitnessfacilitiesD.ButhowdoyouknowifyourgymistrulysustainableE.TheenergydemandsofabusygymcanbeconsiderableF.It’snowcontributingtothejointeffortsforagreenerplanetG.Aretheresignsthatyourworkoutincreasescarbonfootprint【答案】36.D37.F38.B39.A40.E【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了辨別一個健身房是否環(huán)保、可持續(xù)發(fā)展的方法?！?6題詳解】上文“Inthedynamicworldoffitness,wheretreadmills(跑步機)humandweightsclink,anemergingconcernforsustainabilityisreshapingthegymexperience.(在充滿活力的健身世界里，跑步機嗡嗡作響，重物叮當作響，對可持續(xù)性的新關(guān)注正在重塑健身房體驗)”說明人們在關(guān)注健身房是否是可持續(xù)發(fā)展的，以及下文“Inthisgui