福建省福州市2025屆高三英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期末考試試題含解析

PAGE20-福建省福州市2025屆高三英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期末考試試題（含解析）二、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共40分）ASeptemberisthemonthforfashion,withfourinternationalcitieshostingFashionWeek.AlleyeswillturntoNewYorkCity,London,MilanandParisthismonthtoseewhichcityputsonthebestshow.NewYorkNewYorkFashionWeek,orNYFW,kicksoffonSeptember5thandrunsforapproximatelyeightdays.NYFWisconsideredthemostcommercialandcasualofthefour.Itisalsotheonlyeventtoallowsomefashionschoolstudentstoparticipate,bringingafreshlooktotherunway.LondonLondonFashionWeek（LFW）comesontheheelsofNYFW,startingonSeptember13thandrunningthroughSeptember17th.OnceconsideredaminorplayeramongtheBigFour,LFWcannowcommandalistofbignamesaswellaspromisingnewdesigners.Londonfashionhouseshaveareputationforbeingveryexperimentalandopentonewideas.MilanFashionWeekmovestoMilanonSeptember17th.ThisbeautifulItaliancityishometosomeofthebiggestfashionhousesanddesignersinthefashionworld,includingArmaniandPrada.Milan'sfashionhousesareknownforofferingglamorous（有魅力的）,yetpractical,options.ParisThechaoticmonthoffashionmakesitswaytoFranceasParisFashionWeekbeginsonSeptember23rd.Savingthebestforlast,Parisneverfailstooffersomeofthemostexcitingshowsoftheseason.World-famouslabelslikeChanelandDiortrytooutdooneanotherwiththeirlatestdesigns.ThewordthatbestdescribesParisFashionWeekis"elegant".1.Whichcityislikelytoattractthenewdesigners?A.NewYork B.LondonC.Milan D.Paris2.WhendoesMilanFashionWeekprobablyend?A.September19th B.September20thC.September21st D.September22nd3.Whatcanwelearnfromthefourfashionweeks?A.Eachhasitsowncharacteristics. B.Eachshowsitsbiggestbrand.C.Eachofferspracticaloptions. D.Eachisopentoschoolstudents.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【分析】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了紐約、倫敦、米蘭和巴黎這四個(gè)國(guó)際城市在九月份舉辦的時(shí)裝周?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中“LFWcannowcommandalistofbignamesaswellaspromisingnewdesigners.”可知，LFW既可以領(lǐng)導(dǎo)一些知名人士，也可以領(lǐng)導(dǎo)有前途的新設(shè)計(jì)師。所以倫敦最有可能吸引新設(shè)計(jì)師。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段“FashionWeekmovestoMilanonSeptember17th.”可知，9月17日，時(shí)裝周將移師米蘭。所以米蘭時(shí)裝周始于9月17日并持續(xù)約一周，也就是9月22號(hào)結(jié)束。故選D項(xiàng)。3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段“NYFWisconsideredthemostcommercialandcasualofthefour.Itisalsotheonlyeventtoallowsomefashionschoolstudentstoparticipate,bringingafreshlooktotherunway.”紐約時(shí)裝周是最商業(yè)和休閑的，也是唯一允許時(shí)尚學(xué)校學(xué)生參加的活動(dòng)；依據(jù)第三段“Londonfashionhouseshaveareputationforbeingveryexperimentalandopentonewideas.”LondonFashionWeek以試驗(yàn)性強(qiáng)、樂(lè)于接受新創(chuàng)意而著名；依據(jù)第四段“Milan'sfashionhousesareknownforofferingglamorous（有魅力的）,yetpractical,options.”米蘭時(shí)裝周以供應(yīng)迷人但好用的選擇而著名；第五段“ThewordthatbestdescribesParisFashionWeekis"elegant".”巴黎時(shí)裝周以優(yōu)雅著名。每一時(shí)裝周均講解并描述了它的各自特點(diǎn)。故選A項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】本文重點(diǎn)考察細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解類題目，做題時(shí)需留意細(xì)致比照文章內(nèi)容和題目選項(xiàng)，找準(zhǔn)關(guān)鍵信息，解除干擾項(xiàng)。同時(shí)留意：選擇與否都須要有明確的文章內(nèi)容作為依據(jù)，切不行主觀臆測(cè)。該文介紹了四個(gè)時(shí)裝周的特點(diǎn)，并且各有側(cè)重。題目中，第一題中題干為“newdesigners”，與第三段內(nèi)容相對(duì)應(yīng)，而不能簡(jiǎn)潔理解為其次段中的“fashionschoolstudents”和“freshlook”而錯(cuò)選A項(xiàng)。BFireCapt.KevinLloydarrivedatthesceneofacaraccidentinWestPointUtah,northofSaltLakeCity.Apregnantwomanandherscreaming2-year-olddaughterweretrappedinthecar.Whilehispartner,AllenHadley,wastendingtothedriver,Lloydcouldn'tgetthefrightenedgirltocalmdown.Hesawshewasholdingseveralbottlesofnailpolish,andthenhehadabetteridea.Heaskedherifshewantedtopainthisnails.Soonsheentirelylitup.Atthesametime,Hadleyshoweduptocheckonthescene.Lloydhadcalmedherdownandwasintheprocessofgettinghisfingerspainted.ThenHadleyjustputhishandinthere.Thegirlbegantocolorhisnailspink.Bythistime,shewasnotonlycalm,butshewasalsohappy.Thegirl'smotherwasnotinjured.Shethankedthemforhelpingherdaughterfeelbetter,andtheyallchuckled,lookingatthefirefighters'nails,andtooksomephotos.Thefirefightersbroughtthephotosbacktoheadquartersandshowedthemaround.ThedepartmentputthemuponFacebook,andthousandsofpeopleresponded,withmanythankingthefirefightersforgoingoutoftheirwaytocalmdownafrightenedgirl.FireChiefMarkBecraftsaidhehadbeensurprisedatalltheattention.Hesaidhewasproudofhisfirefighters,andaddedthathehadknownmembersofthedepartmentwhohaddonemanythingsthatweren'tpartofthejob.Afterthefact,LloydandHadleyhadasmallmattertotendto：thelayersofpolishontheirnails.Theyboughtabottleofnailpolishremover,andusedalmostallofit.4.Whywasthe2-year-oldgirlfrightened?A.Shewascaughtinanaccident. B.Hermotherwasbadlyinjured.C.Hernailswerehurtbythebottles. D.Shewasafraidofseeingfirefighters.5.Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword"chuckled”inParagraph4?A.Sighed. B.Shouted. C.Laughed. D.Hugged.6.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethetwofirefighters?A.Knowledgeable. B.Comforting. C.Humorous. D.Courageous.7.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?AToaskustolearntocalmdownintimeofdanger.B.Tospeakhighlyofthewarm-heartedfirefighters.C.Tointroducethelittlegirlwholikespolishingnails.D.Topraisethetwofirefighterswholearntodecoratenails.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.B【解析】本文為一篇記敘文，主要講解并描述了消防隊(duì)長(zhǎng)凱文·勞埃德通過(guò)涂指甲油的方式，安撫被困在車?yán)镄∨?，并最終將其和懷孕的母親救出來(lái)的故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“FireCapt.KevinLloydarrivedatthesceneofacaraccidentinWestPoint,Utah,northofSaltLakeCity.Apregnantwomanandherscreaming2-year-olddaughterweretrappedinthecar.”消防隊(duì)長(zhǎng)凱文·勞埃德抵達(dá)鹽湖城北部猶他州西點(diǎn)的一場(chǎng)車禍現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。一名孕婦和她尖叫的2歲女兒被困在車?yán)??？芍∨⑹且驗(yàn)榘l(fā)生了車禍而尖叫。故選A項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第四段“Shethankedthemforhelpingherdaughterfeelbetter”她感謝他們幫助女兒感覺好些，可知“chuckle”發(fā)生在她們獲救之后，在一個(gè)輕松愉悅的氛圍中，他們都笑了，C項(xiàng)laugh更符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第五段“thousandsofpeopleresponded,withmanythankingthefirefightersforgoingoutoftheirwaytocalmdownafrightenedgirl.”數(shù)千人響應(yīng)，很多人感謝消防隊(duì)員特意讓一名受驚的女孩安靜下來(lái)?？芍?，消防員安撫了受驚的小女孩，是令人感到欣慰的，與comforting意思相符。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。文章主要講解并描述了消防員們?cè)诰热酥噙€勸慰受驚嚇的小女孩的暖心故事，所以文章目的是為了贊揚(yáng)消防員們的舉措，B項(xiàng)最符合題意。故選B項(xiàng)。CAsyoumoveoutofyourteensandintoyour20sand30s,yourmusicaltastesstarttosolidifyandyoulikelyquitkeepingupwithpopularmusic.Now,researchhasfoundtheaverageageatwhichyourmusiclibraryisunlikelytochange:33.Thestudy'sauthorreachedthisconclusionbyanalyzingdataonU.S.SpotifyusersandcomparingittoartistpopularitydatafrommusicintelligencecompanyTheEchoNest.Todeterminetheageatwhichwestopseekingoutnewtunes,theauthorgatheredself-reportedagedatafromSpotifyandlookedatusers'"TasteProfiles,"whichtrackshowmanytimeslistenershavestreamedindividualartists.TheseartistswerethenmatchedtotheirpopularityrankonTheEchoNest.TheaverageteenlistensalmostonlytomusicamongtheBillboard,the200highest-rankingalbumsinthecountry,butthismusicrepresentsasmallerpartoftheirstreamingastheyage.Intheirteens,theylistentoalotofthesamemusic,overandoveragain.FrankT.McAndrew,aprofessorofpsychologyatKnoxCollege,explainsthat'sthe"mereexposureeffect"atwork,anditbasicallymeans,themorewe'reexposedtosomething,themorewelikeit.Therearemanyreasonswhyapersonmaystopstreamingthecurrenttopmusicalhits,andtheauthorlookedintoonebyidentifyingSpotifylistenerswithlargeamountsofchildren'smusicandnurseryrhymesintheirlibraries.Inotherwords,whenusersmayhavebecomeparents.Butthestudyconcludeswithsomegoodnewsforparents:“Ifyou'regettingolderandcan'tfindyourselfstayingasrelevantasyouusedto,havenofear—justwaitforyourkidstobecometeenagers,andyou'llgetexposedtoallthepopularmusicofthedayonceagain!”8.Whathappensafterteensgrowolder?A.Theyquitlisteningtomusic. B.Theirinterestinmusicfades.C.Theychangetheirmusiclibraries. D.Theirmusicaltastesbecomestable.9.Whatisthewayoftheresearch?A.Interviews. B.Analyzingdata.C.Observation. D.Trackingpopularity.10.Howdoteensdeveloptheirmusicaltastes?A.Theylistentowhattheylikerepeatedly.B.Theyactliketheirfavoritepopularstars.C.Theyexperiencedifferentstylesofmusic.D.Theylikehigh-rankingmusicworldwide.11.What'sthegoodnewsforparentsinthelastparagraph?A.Parentswillregaintheirfaithinmusic.B.Parentswillinfluencetheirteensinmusic.C.Parentswillheartheirfavoritemusicagain.D.Parentswillenjoythemusicforteensagain.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.D【解析】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。探討表明：人的音樂(lè)品嘗會(huì)隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)漸漸穩(wěn)定?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“Asyoumoveoutofyourteensandintoyour20sand30s,yourmusicaltastesstarttosolidify”當(dāng)你從十幾歲步入二三十歲時(shí)，你的音樂(lè)品嘗起先漸漸穩(wěn)定。可知，青少年長(zhǎng)大之后，音樂(lè)品嘗漸漸穩(wěn)定。故選D項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段“Thestudy'sauthorreachedthisconclusionbyanalyzingdataonU.S.SpotifyusersandcomparingittoartistpopularitydatafrommusicintelligencecompanyTheEchoNest.”這項(xiàng)探討的作者通過(guò)分析美國(guó)Spotify用戶的數(shù)據(jù)，并將其與音樂(lè)智能公司回聲巢（EchoNest）的藝人人氣數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行比較，得出了這一結(jié)論。所以探討的方法是分析數(shù)據(jù)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段“Intheirteens,theylistentoalotofthesamemusic,overandoveragain.”在他們十幾歲的時(shí)候，他們一遍又一遍地聽很多相同的音樂(lè)?？芍麄兺ㄟ^(guò)反復(fù)地聽來(lái)形成自己的音樂(lè)品嘗。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段“justwaitforyourkidstobecometeenagers,andyou'llgetexposedtoallthepopularmusicofthedayonceagain!”等你的孩子變成青少年，你就會(huì)再次接觸到當(dāng)今全部流行音樂(lè)?？芍?，家長(zhǎng)們會(huì)跟著長(zhǎng)大的孩子一起再次享受青少年的音樂(lè)。故選D項(xiàng)。DTheystillbite,butnewresearchshowslab-grownmosquitoesarefightingdenguefever—adangerousdiseasethattheynormallywouldspread.DengueinfectionsappeartobedroppingfastincommunitiesinIndonesia,Vietnam,BrazilandAustraliathatarefilledwiththespeciallygrownmosquitoes.Researchersfirstinjected（注射）mosquitoeggswithWolbachiabacteriathat'scommonininsectsandharmlesstopeopleinalab.Infectedfemalesthenpassthebacteriaonthroughtheireggs.ReleasingenoughWolbachiacarriers,boththefemalesthatbiteandthemalesthatdon't,allowsmating（交配）tospreadthebacteriathroughalocalmosquitopopulation.Ratherthanusingchemicalstowipeoutpests,“thisisreallyabouttransformingthemosquito,"saidCameronSimmonsofthenonprofitWorldMosquitoProgram,whichisconductingtheresearch.ThefirstsuccesscamefromAustralia.MosquitoescarryingWolbachiawerereleasedinpartsofNorthQueenslandstartingin2011,andgraduallyspreadthroughthelocalmosquitopopulation.Dengueisspreadwhenamosquitobitessomeonewhoisinfected,andthenbitesanotherperson,butsomehowWolbachiablocksthat—andlocalspreadhasnearlydisappearedinthoseNorthQueenslandCommunities,Simmonssaid.Thestudiesarecontinuinginothercountries.Butthefindings,presentedatameetingoftheAmericanSocietyforTropicalMedicineandHygiene,suggestit'spossibletoturnatleastsomemosquitoesfromapublichealththreatintoannoyingbiters.Theworkmarks“excitingprogress,"saidMichiganStateUniversityprofessorZhiyongXi,whowasn'tinvolvedwiththeprojectbuthaslongstudiedhowWolbachiacanturnmosquitoesagainstthemselves.Moreresearchisneeded,specialistscautioned."Theresultsareprettyexciting—stronglevelsofreductions—butthereclearlyaregoingtobethingstobelearnedfromtheareaswherethereductionsarenotasgreat,"saidPennStateUniversityprofessorElizabethMcGraw.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutthelab-grownmosquitoes?A.Theylosetheabilitytobitepeople.B.Theybecomeharmfultohumanbeings.C.TheycarrydangerousWolbachiabacteria.D.TheyspreadWolbachiabacteriabymating.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"refertoinParagraph4?A.Thebitefromamosquito. B.Thelocalcommunity.C.ThespreadofDengue. D.Theinfectedperson.14.Whatdothelasttwoparagraphssuggest?A.Thisresearchprovesacompletesuccess.B.Scientistsagreeonthisresearch.C.Thereisstillroomforimprovement.D.Mosquitoesturnthemselvesagainstharmfulones.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Bacteria-infectedMosquitoesBiteDeadlyDengue.B.TransformMosquitoesintoAnnoyingBitersC.FightagainstMosquitoeswithWolbachiaD.HarmlessMosquitoesAreonTheirWay【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.A【解析】【分析】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講解并描述了探討人員試驗(yàn)室培育的蚊子抗擊登革熱病毒的事例?！?2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段“ReleasingenoughWolbachiacarriers,boththefemalesthatbiteandthemalesthatdon't,allowsmating（交配）tospreadthebacteriathroughalocalmosquitopopulation.”釋放出足夠的攜帶Wolbachia的蚊子，會(huì)通過(guò)交配傳播Wolbachia。即試驗(yàn)室培育的蚊子通過(guò)交配傳播Wolbachia菌。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】詞句揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第四段“Dengueisspreadwhenamosquitobitessomeonewhoisinfected,andthenbitesanotherperson,butsomehowWolbachiablocksthat—andlocalspreadhasnearlydisappearedinthoseNorthQueenslandCommunities,Simmonssaid.”可知，登革熱病毒通過(guò)叮咬的方式傳染，但攜帶Wolbachia的蚊子與此不同，所以that指登革熱病毒的傳播。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第七段“Theresultsareprettyexciting—stronglevelsofreductions—butthereclearlyaregoingtobethingstobelearnedfromtheareaswherethereductionsarenotasgreat”可知我們?nèi)耘f須要從削減領(lǐng)域不夠的地方學(xué)習(xí)，還有改進(jìn)的余地。故選C項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章開頭“Theystillbite,butnewresearchshowslab-grownmosquitoesarefightingdenguefever”可知本文講的就是試驗(yàn)室培育的蚊子抵擋登革熱病毒，A項(xiàng)“感染細(xì)菌的蚊子抗擊致命的登革熱?！狈衔恼轮髦肌９蔬xA項(xiàng)。【點(diǎn)睛】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題主要考查考生對(duì)文章中某一些特定細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)或文章的重要實(shí)事的理解實(shí)力。它一般包括干脆理解題和語(yǔ)義理解題兩種。干脆理解題的答案與原文干脆掛鉤，從閱讀材料中可以找到。以本文第一題為例，鎖定關(guān)鍵詞lab-grownmosquitoes得到原文其次段“ReleasingenoughWolbachiacarriers,boththefemalesthatbiteandthemalesthatdon't,allowsmating（交配）tospreadthebacteriathroughalocalmosquitopopulation.”可知，試驗(yàn)室培育的攜帶Wolbachia病毒的蚊子通過(guò)交配的方式傳播病毒。故選D項(xiàng)。二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共10.0分）Beingscaredisnotalwaysatreat.Whenaballoonpops,wemayjump.___16___Howdoesthebodytriggered（激發(fā)）thesereactions?Whenweencountersomethingwe'renotfamiliarwith,ourbrainandbodystartmakingchangestohelpprepareusfortheunknown.Thesechangesarepartofthebody's"threat,""stress,"or"fight—or—flight"response.Thisresponseistriggeredbythefivesenses,whicharealwayssendinginformationtothebrain.___17___,thebrainsoundsadangeralarm.Itreleaseschemicalsintothebloodstream,andthosechemicalsactondifferentpartsofthebody.Oncethebodyisalert（警覺的），thebraindecideswhetherornotthedangerisreal.___18___Iturgesapersontohide,runaway,ordefendoneself.Fasterheartbeatandbreathingsendmorebloodandoxygentothemusclessothey'rereadywhenthey'reneeded.Stresschemicalscanmakeapersonmorealert.Ourmemoriesalsohelpprotectus.Wekeepacloseeyeonbabiesbecausetheydon'tunderstandwhatmighthurtthem.Asbabiesgrow,theylearnwhat'sunsafe,andtheirbrainsstorethosememories___19___Experiencescanleadtolong-lastingfearsthatmaystopapersonfromtryingnewthings.We'rebornwiththeabilitytofeelfear,butalotofwhatwe'reafraidofislearned.Along-lastingfearcanmeanyou’rehadabadexperience,andyourbraindoesn'twantyoutohaveitagain.Manypeoplehavebeatentheirownfears.Here'sonemethod.___20___,theylearnthefactsaboutanythingthatseemsscary.Knowledgecanhelpapersonfeellessafraid.A.InsteadoflisteningtotheirimaginationB.WhentheysignalsomethingunexpectedC.Ourheartbeatsharder,andwebreathefasterD.ThentheirbrainsusefeartowarnthemofdangersE.It'sgoodtohaveahealthysenseofwhat'sdangerousF.FearisatoolthatthebrainusestokeepthebodysafeG.Memoriesareanimportantfactorinfear-lastingexperiences【答案】16.C17.B18.F19.D20.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹人們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)感到恐驚以及怎樣削減恐驚感?！?6題詳解】空后說(shuō)身體是如何引發(fā)這些反應(yīng)的？因此此處會(huì)提到身體的某些反應(yīng)，故C項(xiàng)（我們心跳加快、呼吸加速）符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】空后說(shuō)大腦就會(huì)發(fā)出危急警報(bào)，此處須要提到一種條件，空前說(shuō)它們（五官）總是向大腦發(fā)送信息，因此此處提到的條件應(yīng)當(dāng)是關(guān)于危急警報(bào)的，故B項(xiàng)（當(dāng)它們發(fā)出意想不到的信號(hào)時(shí)）符合語(yǔ)境。故選B?！?8題詳解】空后說(shuō)它促使一個(gè)人隱藏、逃跑或防衛(wèi)，因此此處應(yīng)當(dāng)會(huì)提到一種讓人們能夠愛護(hù)自己工具或手段，故F項(xiàng)（恐驚是大腦用來(lái)愛護(hù)身體平安的工具）符合語(yǔ)境。故選F?！?9題詳解】空前說(shuō)隨著嬰兒的成長(zhǎng)，他們學(xué)會(huì)了什么是擔(dān)心全的，他們的大腦儲(chǔ)存著這些記憶，此處承接上文，講的是大腦里儲(chǔ)存這些記憶之后的狀況，故D項(xiàng)（然后他們的大腦用恐驚來(lái)警告他們有危急）符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。【20題詳解】空后說(shuō)他們學(xué)習(xí)任何看起來(lái)可怕的事情的真相，學(xué)問(wèn)可以幫助一個(gè)人感到不那么膽怯 ，因此此處應(yīng)當(dāng)會(huì)提到一種錯(cuò)誤的方法，故A項(xiàng)（而不是聽?wèi){他們的想象）符合語(yǔ)境。故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】在七選五的解題過(guò)程中，空處上下文的示意往往是重要線索，特殊是一些指示代詞，例如本篇第1題，依據(jù)空后的“Howdoesthebodytriggered（激發(fā)）thesereactions?”可知，身體是如何引發(fā)這些反應(yīng)的？“thesereactions”表明此處會(huì)提到身體的某些反應(yīng)，故C項(xiàng)（我們心跳加快、呼吸加速）符合語(yǔ)境。三、完形填空（本大題共19小題，共30.0分）EthanKatzenjoysplayingwithhisdogs,McFlyandBrooklyn,andoftenhelpshisgrandmafeedand___21___herfivedogs.Forhisninthbirthday,Ethan___22___theideatosellT-shirtsforhisfavorite___23___,CityDogsRescueinWashington,D.C.ThedogsofEthan'sandhisgrandma'swere___24___fromanimalshelters.Mostsheltershave___25___onthenumberofanimalstheycancarefor.CityDogsRescue___26___dogsfromover-crowdedshelters.Volunteers,calledfosters,carefortheanimals___27___they'readopted.EthanwentonawebsiteforT-shirtdesigningandfund-raising.Hetypeda（n）___28___abouthisproject,designedaT-shirt,and___29___eachshirtat$20.Everytimesomeoneboughtone,partofthat___30___wenttoCityDogsRescue.Aswordspread,manypeopleboughtshirts."My___31___goalwastosell75shirts,andIwent___32___thatinthreedays,"saidEthan.Bytheendofhis30-dayfund-raising___33___,hehadsold179shirtsandraised$2,640.ThatmoneyhelpedCityDogsRescuesave10dogsfromovercrowdedshelters.ButEthanwasn'tfinished.Peoplecontinuedto___34___CityDogsRescueaboutbuyingshirts.SoEthandecidedto___35___thefund-raisingeventforanothermonth.ThroughT-shirtsalesandother___36___,hefinallyraisedmorethan$14,500inall.DogsinD.C.are___37___tohavehimastheirfriend!Kidsoftenfeelasiftheyhadnosayinthings,andEthan____38___themthattheycouldhaveareal___39___.Hisloveforhisowndogs___40___EthanKatztohelpothers.21.A.observe B.sell C.walk D.save22.A.shared B.changed C.wentonwith D.cameupwith23.A.dog B.charity C.shelter D.event24.A.adopted B.abandoned C.protected D.kept25.A.decrease B.attention C.changes D.limits26.A.refuses B.replaces C.removes D.returns27.A.until B.after C.because D.although28.A.email B.phrase C.picture D.paragraph29.A.paid B.priced C.bought D.donated30.A.time B.cost C.love D.money31.A.special B.original C.unique D.final32.A.for B.into C.above D.after33.A.show B.drive C.meeting D.organization34.A.contact B.visit C.promise D.advise35.A.cover B.start C.direct D.run36.A.donations B.rescues C.decisions D.discussions37.A.friendly B.popular C.lucky D.lovely38.A.guaranteed B.expected C.showed D.judged39.A.effect B.result C.purpose D.identity40.A.approved B.inspired C.followed D.adapted【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.A25.D26.C27.A28.D29.B30.D31.B32.C33.B34.A35.D36.A37.C38.C39.A40.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了伊森很喜愛狗，并為城市狗狗救助會(huì)(CityDogsRescue)賣T恤籌集資金的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：并且常常幫奶奶喂食和遛五只狗。A.observe視察；B.sell賣；C.walk行走；D.save節(jié)約。依據(jù)“EthanKatzenjoysplayingwithhisdogs,”伊森·卡茨喜愛和狗玩，可知，常常幫助奶奶喂狗和遛狗。故選C。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞/動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：在他九歲生日的時(shí)候，伊森想到了一個(gè)辦法。A.shared共享；B.changed變更；C.wentonwith接著；D.cameupwith想出。依據(jù)下文可知，伊森想到幫助狗的辦法。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為他最喜愛的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)——華盛頓城市狗狗救助會(huì)(CityDogsRescue)出售T恤。A.dog狗；B.charity慈善；C.shelter庇護(hù)所；D.event事務(wù)。依據(jù)“CityDogsRescueinWashington,D.C.”及下文可知，他最喜愛的是一家?guī)椭返拇壬茩C(jī)構(gòu)。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：伊森和他奶奶的狗是從動(dòng)物收容所領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的。A.adopted領(lǐng)養(yǎng)；B.abandoned拋棄；C.protected愛護(hù)；D.kept保存。依據(jù)下文“Volunteers,calledfosters,carefortheanimals___7___they'readopted.”提示可知，伊森和他奶奶的狗都是領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的。故選A。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：大多數(shù)動(dòng)物收容所都對(duì)他們能照看的動(dòng)物數(shù)量有限制。A.decrease削減；B.attention留意；C.changes變更；D.limits限度。依據(jù)后句“CityDogsRescue___6___dogsfromover-crowdedshelters.”中的“over-crowded（過(guò)度擁擠的）”提示可知，動(dòng)物收容所能照看的動(dòng)物數(shù)量有限。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：城市狗狗救助中心把狗從擁擠不堪的收容所中搬遷出來(lái)。A.refuses拒絕；B.replaces代替；C.removes移除；搬遷；D.returns返回。依據(jù)前句“Mostsheltershave___5___onthenumberofanimalstheycancarefor.”可知，動(dòng)物收容所能照看的動(dòng)物數(shù)量有限，所以城市狗狗救助中心把狗從擁擠不堪的收容所中搬遷出來(lái)。remove…from…從.移除/搬遷出來(lái)。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：這些被稱為“代養(yǎng)人（foster）”的志愿者照看這些動(dòng)物，直到它們被收養(yǎng)。A.until直到；B.after之后；C.because因?yàn)?；D.although盡管。依據(jù)“Volunteers,calledfosters,carefortheanimals”可知，直到有人收養(yǎng)之前，這些志愿者都會(huì)始終照看這些動(dòng)物。所以本句為until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他寫了一段關(guān)于自己項(xiàng)目的文字。A.email電子郵件；B.phrase短語(yǔ)；C.picture圖畫；D.paragraph段落。依據(jù)動(dòng)詞type（打字）可知，他寫了一段關(guān)于自己項(xiàng)目的文字。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：并且每件標(biāo)價(jià)20美元。A.paid付錢；B.priced標(biāo)價(jià)；C.bought買；D.donated捐贈(zèng)。依據(jù)空后“at$20”提示可知，這里表示給每件T恤進(jìn)行標(biāo)價(jià)。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每次有人買了一件，一部分錢就捐給了城市狗狗救助會(huì)。A.time時(shí)間；B.cost花費(fèi)；C.love愛；D.money金錢。依據(jù)前句“Everytimesomeoneboughtone,”可知，這里表示每買一件，其中的一部分錢就會(huì)捐給城市狗狗救助會(huì)。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我最初的目標(biāo)是賣出75件T恤。A.special特殊的；B.original原來(lái)的；最初的；C.unique獨(dú)特的；D.final最終的。依據(jù)“Bytheendofhis30-dayfund-raising___13___,hehadsold179shirtsandraised$2,640.”可知，他最初的目標(biāo)是75件T恤。賣故選B?！?2題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：我在三天內(nèi)就超過(guò)了這個(gè)數(shù)字。A.for為；B.into進(jìn)入；C.above超過(guò)；D.after之后。短語(yǔ)goabove超過(guò)。符合句意。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：到30天的籌款活動(dòng)結(jié)束時(shí)，他已經(jīng)賣出了179件T恤，籌得2640美元。A.show展示；B.drive（為達(dá)成目的的）團(tuán)體活動(dòng)；C.meeting會(huì)議；D.organization組織。fund-raisingdrive這里指“籌款活動(dòng)”。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：人們接著聯(lián)系城市狗狗救援會(huì)購(gòu)買T恤。A.contact聯(lián)系；B.visit參觀；C.promise許諾；D.advise建議。依據(jù)前句“ButEthanwasn'tfinished.”轉(zhuǎn)折提示可知，伊森的事情還沒有結(jié)束，因?yàn)槿藗兘又?lián)系城市狗狗救援會(huì)購(gòu)買T恤。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：所以伊森確定再舉辦一個(gè)月的籌款活動(dòng)。A.cover覆蓋；B.start起先；C.direct指示；D.run運(yùn)行；經(jīng)營(yíng)。依據(jù)前句“Peoplecontinuedto___14___CityDogsRescueaboutbuyingshirts.”可知，因?yàn)槿藗兘又?lián)系城市狗狗救援會(huì)購(gòu)買襯衫，伊森確定再舉辦一個(gè)月的籌款活動(dòng)。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：通過(guò)T恤銷售和其他捐贈(zèng)，他最終總共籌集了超過(guò)1.45萬(wàn)美元。A.donations捐獻(xiàn)；B.rescues挽救；C.decisions確定；D.discussions探討。依據(jù)后句“hefinallyraisedmorethan$14,500inall.”可知，除了T恤銷售，還有其他捐贈(zèng)。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：華盛頓的狗狗有他這樣的摯友真是太幸運(yùn)了!A.friendly友好的；B.popular受歡迎的；C.lucky幸運(yùn)的；D.lovely可愛的。伊桑熱心幫助狗，所以狗有他這樣的摯友是幸運(yùn)的。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：伊桑向他們展示了他們可以產(chǎn)生真正的影響。A.guaranteed保證；B.expected期望；C.showed展示；D.judged推斷。依據(jù)前句“Kidsoftenfeelasiftheyhadnosayinthings,”可知，伊桑向這些孩子展示了，孩子們的言行也能產(chǎn)生大的影響。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：伊桑向他們展示了他們可以產(chǎn)生真正的影響。A.effect影響；B.result結(jié)果；C.purpose目的；D.identity識(shí)別。短語(yǔ)haveaneffect產(chǎn)生影響。符合句意。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他對(duì)自己的狗的愛，激勵(lì)了伊森·卡茨去幫助別人。A.approved同意；B.inspired鼓舞；C.followed跟隨；D.adapted時(shí)適應(yīng)。這里指伊森從對(duì)自己的狗愛，激勵(lì)了他去幫助他人。短語(yǔ)inspiresb.todosth.鼓舞某人做某事。故選B?！军c(diǎn)睛】完形填空的解題技巧之一就是要依據(jù)上下文來(lái)學(xué)會(huì)“推理"出最佳選項(xiàng)。同學(xué)們要遵循"上下求索"的原則來(lái)查找信息。例如小題4，依據(jù)下文“Volunteers,calledfosters,carefortheanimals___7___they'readopted.”提示可知，這里的adopt是原詞再現(xiàn)，從而可知伊森和他奶奶的狗都是領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的，故得出正確的答案。四閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。將答案填寫在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置。CambridgeDictionaryhasdeclared"upcycling"as____41____WordoftheYear2024.Thewordreferstotheactofmakingnewitemsoutofoldor____42____(use)thingsorwastematerials.___43___numberoftimes"upcycling"hasbeenlookedupontheCambridgeDictionarywebsite___44___(rise)by181%sinceDecemberof2011,___45___itwasfirstaddedtotheonlinedictionary.Inthepastyearalone___46___(search)forthewordhavedoubled.WendalynNichols,PublishingManagerofCambridgeDictionary,believesthattheword'srecentpopularityisbeingcausedbypeople'sgrowing___47___(aware)ofclimatechangeandotherenvironmentalissues.“___48___(stop)thegradualprocessofclimatechange,letalonechangingitaround___49___(absolute),canseemimpossibleattimes.Upcyclingisaconcreteactionasinglehumanbeingcantake_____50_____(make)adifference,"hesaid.ManyotherwordsontheshortlistforWordoftheYear2024reflectthesameconcernwiththeeffectsofclimatechange,including"carbonsink"and"compostable".【答案】41.its42.used43.The44.hasrisen45.when46.searches47.awareness48.Stopping49.absolutely50.tomake【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明白劍橋詞典宣布“upcycling”作為其2024年度詞匯，說(shuō)明白其含義。這個(gè)詞最近的流行是由于人們對(duì)氣候變更和其他環(huán)境問(wèn)題的意識(shí)不斷增加?！?1題詳解】考查代詞。句意：劍橋詞典宣布“upcycling”作為它的2024年度詞匯。此處修飾名詞短語(yǔ)WordoftheYear2024應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞，意為“它的2024年度詞匯”。故填its?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：這個(gè)詞指的是用舊的或用過(guò)的東西或廢物制造新物品的行為。修飾名詞things應(yīng)用形容詞，依據(jù)句意可知，此處運(yùn)用used表示“用過(guò)的”。故填used。【43題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：自2011年12月“upcycling”首次被添加到在線詞典以來(lái)，它在劍橋詞典網(wǎng)站上被查詢的次數(shù)增加了181%。固定短語(yǔ)thenumberof“……數(shù)目”。故填The。【44題詳解】考查主謂一樣。句意：自2011年12月“upcycling”首次被添加到在線詞典以來(lái)，它在劍橋詞典網(wǎng)站上被查詢的次數(shù)增加了181%。依據(jù)下文sinceDecemberof2011可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為Thenumberoftimes，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)運(yùn)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填hasrisen。【45題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：自2011年12月“upcycling”首次被添加到在線詞典以來(lái)，它在劍橋詞典網(wǎng)站上被查詢的次數(shù)增加了181%。本句為定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞Decemberof2011，且先行詞在從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)。故填when?！?6題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：僅去年一年，這個(gè)詞的搜尋量就翻了一番。search在此處為可數(shù)名詞，且前面沒有冠詞，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填searches?！?7題詳解】考查名詞。句意：劍橋詞典的出版經(jīng)理WendalynNichols認(rèn)為，這個(gè)詞最近的流行是由于人們對(duì)氣候變更和其他環(huán)境問(wèn)題的意識(shí)不斷增加。結(jié)合上文people'sgrowing可知，應(yīng)填名詞形式，表示“意識(shí)”。故填awareness。【48題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：阻擋氣候變更的漸進(jìn)過(guò)程，更不用說(shuō)徹底變更它，有時(shí)好像是不行能的。本句中缺少主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式做主語(yǔ)。故填Stopping。【49題詳解】考查副詞。句意：阻擋氣候變更的漸進(jìn)過(guò)程，更不用說(shuō)徹底變更它，有時(shí)好像是不行能的。修飾動(dòng)詞change應(yīng)用副詞。故填absolutely?！?0題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：Upcycling是一個(gè)人可以做出變更的詳細(xì)行動(dòng)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，make在句中做非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，且表目的，應(yīng)用不定式。故填tomake。五、書面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）51.假定你是書法愛好者李華，你的英