廣西壯族自治區(qū)百色市部分學(xué)校2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期9月月考英語試題（解析版）

全國名校高一下學(xué)期《選擇性必修第一冊》模塊測試英語注意事項：1.本試卷分四部分。滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項目填寫清楚。3.考生作答時，請將答案答在答題卡上。超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。4.本卷命題范圍：選擇性必修第一冊。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdidthespeakersdolastweekend?A.Theywentclimbing.B.Theyplayedfootball.C.Theywatchedamatch.2.Whenwasthemeetingscheduled?A.At6:00.B.At6:30.C.At7:00.3.Whatisthemandissatisfiedwithaboutthestore?A.Theclothes.B.Theservice.C.Theprice.4.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheshow?A.Boring.B.Interesting.C.Educational.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Thesea.B.Theweekendplan.C.Theweather.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白，每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdayisittoday?A.Saturday.B.Friday.C.Monday.7.Whyisthewomanworried?A.Shehasnotimetoprepare.B.Nobodycanleadthedancegroup.C.Therearen’tenoughpeopleinthegroup.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inastore.B.Inastreet.C.Inacafé.9.Whatproblemdoesthemanhave?A.Heforgottosendanemail.B.Hehastomakeaphonecall.C.Helefthiswalletintheoffice.10.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?ASpeakwithhermanager.B.Visitanotherlocation.C.Eatinthecafé.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatmightthemanbe?A.Acustomerservicerepresentative.B.Atravelagent.C.Arepairman.12.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Callhisson.B.Givesomedetails.C.Signaform.13.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Hersonlivesabroadnow.B.Shewillgotovisithersonsoon.C.Sheshouldmakepaymentfromthismonth.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whatdidthemandoyesterday?A.Hestartedanewjob.B.Heregisteredforaclass.C.Hedidsomeshoppingonline.15.Whatdoesthemanwanttobuy?A.Posters.B.Paintings.C.Brushes.16.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Gotoastore.B.Askaboutasale.C.Emailtheman.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.HowmuchisthetickettotheOceanPark?A.￡2.00.B.￡6.50.C.￡8.50.18.Whatisunavailableduringthetrip?A.Lunch.B.Water.C.Fruit.19.Whatwillthelistenersdoat2:30nextTuesday?A.Listentoatalk.B.Dosomeworksheets.C.Watchthesharksbeingfed.20WhatisthetopicofthetalkfornextTuesday?A.Theocean.B.Sharks.C.Penguins.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ANewZealand’stoweringmountains,temperaterainforestsandremoterivervalleysallfueledSirPeterJackson’screativespiritwhenhewascrafting(精心制作)thewell-knownfilmsTheLordoftheRingsandTheHobbitfilmtrilogies.Let’sexploreNewZealand,therealMiddle-earth.StartinHobbitonThejourneystartsfromtheexcitingurbancenterofAucklandtoMatamata—thehomeoftheHobbitonMovieSet.Yourknowledgeableguidewillhelpyoufullyunderstandthehistoryandtheon-locationfilmingprocessesaroundTheShire.JourneytoMordorExperiencewildernessinTongariroNationalPark—anareaknownforitsmountainous,desolate(荒涼的)beauty.ThisregionwasusedasthelocationforsomeofthefilmingofMordorinTheLordoftheRingstrilogy.StandamongthegreenestofforestsDewy(帶露水的)sceneryandnaturalspectacles(壯觀的景象)areNewZealand’sbiggestdraw-cardsandasurereasonwhythecountrywaschosenasthehomeofMiddle-earth.Explorethismagicalworldoftalltrees,clearriversandsweetbirdsongsonashortwalkorfamousmulti-dayhike.FromCapeReingaallthewaydowntoBlufftherearenationalparkscoveringthecountry.DiscoverEarnslawBurnandtheMistyMountainsPathwayOneofthemostmagicallocationsinTheHobbittrilogyisEarnslawBurn.Hereyouwillfindsheer(陡峭的)wallsofgranite(花崗巖)rising800metersfromthebasinfloor,andaglacier(冰川)creatinganumberofwaterfallsfromitsmeltwaterthatspilldownfromthecliff-tops.1.Wherecanvisitorshaveaguidedtour?A.InTongariroNationalPark B.InTheShire C.InCapeReinga. D.InEarnslawBurn2.WhydoesNewZealandearnthetitle“thehomeofMiddIe-earth”?A.Thenaturalscenerythereisbreathtaking.B.Thegrassthereisalwayswetwithmorningdew.C.Itscentralpartisthemostbeautifulplaceonearth.D.Therearewaterfalls,glaciersandtoweringmountains.3.Whatcanweknowaboutthejourney?A.Itisamovie-themedtour.B.Itinvolveshikingcompetitions.C.Itfollowstheorderoffilmshooting.D.ItisdesignedforfansofdirectorPeterJackson.【答案】1.B2.A3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要向讀者介紹了前往電影《指環(huán)王》和《霍比特人》的新西蘭取景地的旅行。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)StartinHobbiton部分中的“Yourknowledgeableguidewillhelpyoufullyunderstandthehistoryandtheon-locationfilmingprocessesaroundTheShire.(您的知識淵博的導(dǎo)游將幫助您充分了解夏爾的歷史和現(xiàn)場拍攝過程。)”可知，知識淵博的導(dǎo)游可以幫助充分了解夏爾的歷史和現(xiàn)場拍攝過程，所以，在TheShire中有導(dǎo)游。故選B項。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Standamongthegreenestofforests部分中的“Dewy(帶露水的)sceneryandnaturalspectacles(壯觀的景象)areNewZealand’sbiggestdraw-cardsandasurereasonwhythecountrywaschosenasthehomeofMiddle-earth.(露珠的風(fēng)景和自然景觀是新西蘭最大的吸引力，也是該國被選為中土世界之家的肯定原因。)”可知，帶露水的風(fēng)景和自然奇觀是新西蘭最吸引人的地方，這也是它被選為中土世界的原因。故選A項。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段中的“NewZealand’stoweringmountains,temperaterainforestsandremoterivervalleysallfueledSirPeterJackson’screativespiritwhenhewascrafting(精心制作)thewell-knownfilmsTheLordoftheRingsandTheHobbitfilmtrilogies.Let’sexploreNewZealand,therealMiddle-earth.(新西蘭高聳的山脈、溫帶的雨林和遙遠(yuǎn)的河谷都激發(fā)了彼得·杰克遜爵士創(chuàng)作著名電影《指環(huán)王》和《霍比特人》三部曲的創(chuàng)作精神。讓我們來探索新西蘭，真正的中土世界。)”以及每個景點(diǎn)介紹中都含有與電影《指環(huán)王》和《霍比特人》相關(guān)的信息可知，本次新西蘭之旅是以電影為主題的。故選A項。BJohnnyAgarhadalwaysdreamedofcompetingintriathlons(鐵人三項賽)asanathlete.Unfortunately,he’dbeendiagnosedwithcerebralpalsy(大腦性癱瘓)shortlyafterhewasborn.Thisdisordermakesitdifficultforthenow-28-year-oldtogetaround.However,heandhisfatherareprovingthatwherethere’sawill—andalotoflove—there’saway!JeffAgar,59,ishelpingJohnnyexperiencelifetothefullestbyenteringtriathlonsbyhisside.Asateam,they’vecompletedover200races,includingafullironmantriathlonthatrequiredthemtoswim,bikeandrun140milesinjust17hours.“I’mnotafanoftriathlon,”Jeffjoked.“I’mdoingitnotbecauseIloveit.ThisisJohnny’sdreamandI’mgivinghimthelegsandthepowertodoit.”AlthoughJefftypicallyprovidesthemajorityofthemanpower,itwasimportantforJohnnytocrossthefinishlineonhisownlegs.“WalkinginraceswasmywayoftellingDad,‘Okay,I’mnotjustgoingtosaythank-youanymore;I’mgoingtoactuallyputwordsintoaction,’”Johnnysaid.JohnnyandhisdadnowformTeamAgar,usingtheirstoryandthepowerofmotivationalspeakingtoinspireothers.“Whenwecompletedthat140-mileIronmantogether,ithadanamazingimpactonmanypeoplewhohadseenourstory.Webegantoseethatcompetingisn’tjustaboutuscrossingthefinishline;it’sabouthelpingothersleaveuncertaintyinthedust—eventhosefacinggreaterobstaclesthanwedid.”Earlierthismonth,theyreceivedsomeincrediblenews.Theywereinvitedtocompeteinoneofthetoughesttriathlons:theIronmanWorldChampionship!Whatmadetheoccasionevenmorespecialwasapre-recordedvideomessagefromJohnny’sidol,athletePeytonManning.“Rumorhasitthatyou’reabigfanofmine,”Peytonsaid,“I’mabigfanofyoursaswell!Youguysareincredible;you’reatrueinspiration.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutJefffromthetext?A.Hehasagreatpassionfortriathlons.B.HeisupsetaboutJohnny’ssevereillness.C.Hegoesallouttohelphissonachievehisambition.D.Hecrossesthefinishlinewithhissonincompetitions.5.WhydidJeffandJohnnysetupTeamAgar?A.Togivemotivationtootherpeople. B.Toencouragemorepeopletojointhem.C.Tomakethemselvesmorecompetitive. D.Toparticipateinmorecompetitionsasateam.6.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthelastparagraph?A.PeytonwillrecordmorevideosofJohnnyandJeff.B.JeffandJohnnyhaveinfluencedpeoplepositively.C.JohnnyandJeffhavebeengettingalongwellwithPeyton.D.PeytonhasprovidedJohnnywithmaterialassistance.7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AnOldFather’sLoveforTriathlonsB.ADisabledCompetitorWorksWondersC.DadHelpsSonWithCerebralPalsyAchieveHisDreamD.GreatAchievementsMadebyDadandSoninSports【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了JohnnyAgar因患病無法參加鐵人三項比賽，但憑著堅強(qiáng)的意志和諸多付出，他的父親和他一起參加鐵人三項，并組成TeamAgar，他們的故事激勵了他人，告訴人們雖然結(jié)果未知，但是每一次嘗試都是值得的?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“I’mdoingitnotbecauseIloveit.ThisisJohnny’sdreamandI’mgivinghimthelegsandthepowertodoit.(我這么做不是因?yàn)槲蚁矚g。這是約翰尼的夢想，我要給他雙腿和力量去實(shí)現(xiàn)它)”可知，杰夫竭盡全力幫助兒子實(shí)現(xiàn)他的抱負(fù)。故選C。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“JohnnyandhisdadnowformTeamAgar,usingtheirstoryandthepowerofmotivationalspeakingtoinspireothers.(約翰尼和他的父親現(xiàn)在組成了TeamAgar，用他們的故事和勵志演講的力量來激勵他人)”可知，杰夫和約翰尼成立TeamAgar是為了給別人動力。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whatmadetheoccasionevenmorespecialwasapre-recordedvideomessagefromJohnny’sidol,athletePeytonManning.“Rumorhasitthatyou’reabigfanofmine,”Peytonsaid,“I’mabigfanofyoursaswell!Youguysareincredible;you’reatrueinspiration.”(讓這個場合更加特別的是約翰尼的偶像，運(yùn)動員佩頓·曼寧預(yù)先錄制的視頻。“據(jù)說你是我的超級粉絲，”佩頓說，“我也是你的超級粉絲!你們太不可思議了；你真是個鼓舞人心的人?！?”可推知，作者在最后一段想表達(dá)杰夫和約翰尼對人們產(chǎn)生了積極的影響。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“JeffAgar,59,ishelpingJohnnyexperiencelifetothefullestbyenteringtriathlonsbyhisside.Asateam,they’vecompletedover200races,includingafullironmantriathlonthatrequiredthemtoswim,bikeandrun140milesinjust17hours.(59歲的杰夫·艾格陪著約翰尼參加鐵人三項，幫助他最大限度地體驗(yàn)生活。作為一個團(tuán)隊，他們已經(jīng)完成了200多場比賽，包括一個完整的鐵人三項，要求他們在17小時內(nèi)游泳、騎自行車和跑步140英里)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了JohnnyAgar因患病無法參加鐵人三項比賽，但憑著堅強(qiáng)的意志和諸多付出，他的父親和他一起參加鐵人三項，并組成TeamAgar，他們的故事激勵了別人，告訴人們雖然結(jié)果未知，但是每一次嘗試都是值得的。由此可知，C選項“父親幫助患有腦癱的兒子實(shí)現(xiàn)他的夢想”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。CInvariousrestaurantsworldwide,there’sanewsight-child-sizedrobots.Theserobotscanwelcomeguests,showthemtotheirtables,deliverfoodanddrinks,andeventransportdirtydishesbacktothekitchen.Somebelievetheserobotwaiterscouldbeasolutiontotoday’sworkershortagesintherestaurantindustry,withtensofthousandsofthemnowinuse.Butotherpeoplethinkthatrobotscan’treplacehumanworkers.Robotwaiterscan’ttakeorders,andtheystrugglewithsteps,limitingtheirabilities.Despitethesedisadvantages,theiruseisgrowing.Forexample,inMadisonHeights,Michigan,LiZhaifaceddifficultyfindingenoughworkersforhisrestaurant,NoodleTopia.Toaddressthis,hepurchasedrobotsfromPuduRobotics.Theserobotshavebeenasuccess,withoneleadingdinerstotheirseats,anotherdeliveringfood,andathirdtransportingdirtydishes.Zhaifoundthatusingtheserobotsreducedhisneedforemployees.Threerobotsnowdotheworkofwhatusedtorequirefiveorsixpeople.Intermsofcost,arobotcostsaround$15000,whileahumancancost$5,000to$6,000permonth.Theserobotsalsohaveasurprisingbenefit-theyfreeuphumanserverstospendmoretimewithcustomers,resultinginincreasedtips,Additionally,dinersoftensharevideosoftherobotsonsocialmedia,attractingmorevisitorstotherestaurant.However,notallrestaurantshavehadthesamesuccess.Forinstance,Chili’s(奇利斯餐廳)introducedrobotserversin2020,expandingthetestto61U.S.restaurantsbeforesuddenlystoppingtheprogram.Therobotswerecriticized(批評)fortheirslowmovementandgettinginthewayofhumanservers.Asurveyshowedthat58%ofguestsbelievedtherobotsdidn’timprovetheiroveralldiningexperience.8.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroduceasurveyaboutrobotwaiters.B.Toshowthesuccessofrobotwaitersinrestaurants.C.Todescribetheappearanceofchild-sizedrobotsinrestaurants.D.Todiscussthechallengesofhiringhumanworkersinrestaurants.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“address”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Solve. B.Narrow. C.Ignore. D.Control.10.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.ThehistoryofrobotwaitersintheU.S.B.Thechallengesofintroducingrobotservers.C.Theeffectofsocialmediaontherestaurantindustry.D.Theadvantagesofusingrobotsintherestaurantindustry.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Allrestaurantswithrobotserversaresuccessful.B.Theuseofrobotwaitersstillhasalongwaytogo.C.Robotwaitersarecheapertoemploythanhumanworkers.D.Therestaurantindustryisnotaffectedbyworkershortages.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了餐館中使用機(jī)器人服務(wù)員的情況，包括其優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)，以及不同餐館的成功和失敗經(jīng)驗(yàn)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Invariousrestaurantsworldwide,there’sanewsight-child-sizedrobots.Theserobotscanwelcomeguests,showthemtotheirtables,deliverfoodanddrinks,andeventransportdirtydishesbacktothekitchen.Somebelievetheserobotwaiterscouldbeasolutiontotoday’sworkershortagesintherestaurantindustry,withtensofthousandsofthemnowinuse.(在世界各地的餐館里，都有一種兒童大小的新型機(jī)器人。這些機(jī)器人可以歡迎客人，帶他們到桌子前，送食物和飲料，甚至把臟盤子運(yùn)回廚房。一些人認(rèn)為，這些機(jī)器人服務(wù)員可以解決當(dāng)今餐飲業(yè)工人短缺的問題，目前已有數(shù)萬臺機(jī)器人投入使用)”可推知，第一段主要是為了告訴我們機(jī)器人服務(wù)員在餐館的使用非常成功。故選B。【9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“Despitethesedisadvantages,theiruseisgrowing.Forexample,inMadisonHeights,Michigan,LiZhaifaceddifficultyfindingenoughworkersforhisrestaurant,NoodleTopia.(盡管有這些缺點(diǎn)，但它們的使用正在增長。例如，在密歇根州的麥迪遜高地，LiZhai的餐館NoodleTopia很難找到足夠的工人)”以及劃線單詞下文“Theserobotshavebeenasuccess,withoneleadingdinerstotheirseats,anotherdeliveringfood,andathirdtransportingdirtydishes.(這些機(jī)器人已經(jīng)取得了成功，其中一個將就餐者帶到座位上，另一個提供食物，第三個運(yùn)送臟盤子)”可知，LiZhai使用機(jī)器人服務(wù)員是為了解決飯店招不到工人的問題。由此可知，劃線單詞意為“解決”。選項A“Solve(解決)”；選項B“Narrow(縮小)”；選項C“Ignore(忽視)”；選項D“Control(控制)”。故選A?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Zhaifoundthatusingtheserobotsreducedhisneedforemployees.Threerobotsnowdotheworkofwhatusedtorequirefiveorsixpeople.Intermsofcost,arobotcostsaround$15,000,whileahumancancost$5,000to$6,000permonth.Theserobotsalsohaveasurprisingbenefit-theyfreeuphumanserverstospendmoretimewithcustomers,resultinginincreasedtips,Additionally,dinersoftensharevideosoftherobotsonsocialmedia,attractingmorevisitorstotherestaurant.(Zhai發(fā)現(xiàn)，使用這些機(jī)器人減少了他對員工的需求。過去需要五六個人才能完成的工作，現(xiàn)在三個機(jī)器人就能完成。在成本方面，一個機(jī)器人的成本約為15000美元，而一個人每月的成本為5000至6000美元。這些機(jī)器人還有一個驚人的好處——它們解放了人類服務(wù)員，讓他們有更多的時間和顧客在一起，從而增加了小費(fèi)。此外，食客們經(jīng)常在社交媒體上分享機(jī)器人的視頻，吸引更多的游客來餐廳)”可知，第四段主要講述了在餐飲業(yè)使用機(jī)器人的優(yōu)勢。故選D。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Therobotswerecriticized(批評)fortheirslowmovementandgettinginthewayofhumanservers.Asurveyshowedthat58%ofguestsbelievedtherobotsdidn’timprovetheiroveralldiningexperience.(這些機(jī)器人因動作緩慢和妨礙人類服務(wù)而受到批評。一項調(diào)查顯示，58%的客人認(rèn)為機(jī)器人并沒有改善他們的整體用餐體驗(yàn))”可知，并不是所有的機(jī)器人服務(wù)員都取得了成功。由此推知，機(jī)器人服務(wù)員的使用還有很長的路要走。故選B。DAwell-intentionedsolutionisoftenofferedtoclimate-consciousconsumers:toreplacebeefonourplateswithchicken.Whileonpaperthisbringsdownanindividual’sdietarycarbonfootprint,inpracticethiswouldmeanthatbillionsmoreanimalswillbekilledeachyear.Meanwhile,evenmorefactoryfarmscontinuetoharmtheclimateandushumansintheprocess.Muchcanbedebatedaboutthebestwaytodealwithclimatechangebutoneofitssourcesisundoubtedlytrue:thewayweproducefood—specificallymeat—spellsdisasterforourplanet.It’struethatforeverygramofprotein,conventionalbeefhasalmost10timesthecarbonfootprintofchicken.Beefuses23timesasmuchfarmlandand3timesasmuchwater.Buttheconsumptionshiftfrombeeftochickeniscontributingtoacrisisofanotherkind.Approximately134chickensmustbekilledtoproduceonecow’sworthofmeat,whichisextremelycruelandenvironmentallyunfriendly,causingdeadzonesandhavingdamagingchaineffectsonthecommunitieslivingnearthesefacilitieswhosehealth,watersupply,andqualityoflifeareaffectedbythispollution.Themostinfluentialdietarychangewecanmaketoreduceourindividualinfluenceonanimalsandtheenvironmentisactuallytoshiftfromconventionallyproduced,factory-farmedanimalproductstopasture-based(基于牧場的)meat,eggsordairyproductsandplant-basedproteinsources.It’snotall-or-nothing.TheaverageAmericancouldcuttheirdiet-relatedenvironmentalinfluencesbynearlyhalfjustbyeatinglessmeatandfewereggsanddairyproducts.Gradually,individualchangescanadduptoabigdifferencetobothanimalsandtheenvironment,buttheresponsibilityshouldn’tfallonindividualsalone.Weurgentlyneedourgovernmenttostopenforcingthisdisastroussystemandredirectsupporttomorehumane,sustainablefoodandproductionmethods.Tospareanimalsfromsuffering,slowdownclimatechangeandsafeguardourfoodsystem,weneedtotakefactoryfarmingoffthetable.It’stimetostopleapingfromthefryingpantothefireandrethinkourfoodsystem.12.Whatcanweknowaboutthe“well-intentionedsolution”?A.Itisactuallyarecipefordisaster.BItworkswellinreducingthecarbonfootprint.C.Itmeansachangeinourwayofraisinganimals.D.Itwasputforwardbyclimate-consciousconsumers.13.HowdoestheauthorarguehispointinParagraph2?A.Bydoingsurveys. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Byreferringtopapers. D.Byusingpersuasivedata.14.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Theeffortthegovernmenthasputintothefoodsystem.B.Influencespeople’seatinghabithasontheenvironment.C.Thechangesindividualsandthegovernmentshouldmake.D.Measuresthegovernmentcantaketolimithumanactivities.15.Whatdoestheauthorwanttostressinthetext?A.It’snecessarytosaynotofactoryfarming.B.It’stimetoreplacebeefonourplateswithchicken.C.Weneedtotakeanimal-basedproductsoffourtable.D.Turningfromfactoryfarmingtopasturefarmingtakestime.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了工廠化養(yǎng)殖導(dǎo)致了動物痛苦，危害氣候和人類。為了減少我們個人對動物和環(huán)境的影響，我們所能做的最有影響力的飲食改變實(shí)際上是從傳統(tǒng)生產(chǎn)的、工廠養(yǎng)殖的動物產(chǎn)品轉(zhuǎn)向以牧草為基礎(chǔ)的肉、蛋或乳制品以及植物性蛋白質(zhì)來源?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Awell-intentionedsolutionisoftenofferedtoclimate-consciousconsumers:toreplacebeefonourplateswithchicken.Whileonpaperthisbringsdownanindividual’sdietarycarbonfootprint,inpracticethiswouldmeanthatbillionsmoreanimalswillbekilledeachyear.Meanwhile,evenmorefactoryfarmscontinuetoharmtheclimateandushumansintheprocess.(一個善意的解決方案經(jīng)常被提供給有氣候意識的消費(fèi)者:用雞肉代替我們盤子里的牛肉。雖然從理論上講，這減少了個人飲食中的碳足跡，但實(shí)際上這意味著每年將有數(shù)十億多的動物被殺死。與此同時，更多的工廠化農(nóng)場在這個過程中繼續(xù)危害氣候和我們?nèi)祟悺?”可知，善意的解決方案實(shí)際上是一種災(zāi)難。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“It’struethatforeverygramofprotein,conventionalbeefhasalmost10timesthecarbonfootprintofchicken.Beefuses23timesasmuchfarmlandand3timesasmuchwater.Buttheconsumptionshiftfrombeeftochickeniscontributingtoacrisisofanotherkind.Approximately134chickensmustbekilledtoproduceonecow’sworthofmeat,whichisextremelycruelandenvironmentallyunfriendly,causingdeadzonesandhavingdamagingchaineffectsonthecommunitieslivingnearthesefacilitieswhosehealth,watersupply,andqualityoflifeareaffectedbythispollution.(的確，每克蛋白質(zhì)，傳統(tǒng)牛肉的碳足跡幾乎是雞肉的10倍。牛肉消耗了23倍的農(nóng)田和3倍的水。但從牛肉到雞肉的消費(fèi)轉(zhuǎn)變正在造成另一種危機(jī)。生產(chǎn)相當(dāng)于一頭牛的肉必須殺死大約134只雞，這是極其殘忍和對環(huán)境不利的，造成了死亡地帶，并對生活在這些設(shè)施附近的社區(qū)產(chǎn)生了破壞性的連鎖效應(yīng)，這些社區(qū)的健康、供水和生活質(zhì)量都受到這種污染的影響)”可推知，作者在第二段中通過使用有說服力的數(shù)據(jù)論證他的觀點(diǎn)。故選D?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Themostinfluentialdietarychangewecanmaketoreduceourindividualinfluenceonanimalsandtheenvironmentisactuallytoshiftfromconventionallyproduced,factory-farmedanimalproductstopasture-based(基于牧場的)meat,eggsordairyproductsandplant-basedproteinsources.It’snotall-or-nothing.TheaverageAmericancouldcuttheirdiet-relatedenvironmentalinfluencesbynearlyhalfjustbyeatinglessmeatandfewereggsanddairyproducts.Gradually,individualchangescanadduptoabigdifferencetobothanimalsandtheenvironment,buttheresponsibilityshouldn’tfallonindividualsalone.Weurgentlyneedourgovernmenttostopenforcingthisdisastroussystemandredirectsupporttomorehumane,sustainablefoodandproductionmethods.(為了減少我們個人對動物和環(huán)境的影響，我們所能做的最有影響力的飲食改變實(shí)際上是從傳統(tǒng)生產(chǎn)的、工廠養(yǎng)殖的動物產(chǎn)品轉(zhuǎn)向以牧場為基礎(chǔ)的肉、蛋或乳制品和以植物為基礎(chǔ)的蛋白質(zhì)來源。這不是全有或全無的問題。普通美國人只要少吃肉、少吃雞蛋和奶制品，就能將飲食對環(huán)境的影響減少近一半。漸漸地，個人的改變會對動物和環(huán)境產(chǎn)生巨大的影響，但責(zé)任不應(yīng)該只落在個人身上。我們迫切需要我們的政府停止執(zhí)行這個災(zāi)難性的系統(tǒng)，并將支持轉(zhuǎn)向更人道、更可持續(xù)的食品和生產(chǎn)方法)”可知，第三段主要講了個人和政府應(yīng)該做出的改變。故選C。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Tospareanimalsfromsuffering,slowdownclimatechangeandsafeguardourfoodsystem,weneedtotakefactoryfarmingoffthetable.(為了讓動物免受痛苦，減緩氣候變化，保護(hù)我們的糧食系統(tǒng)，我們需要停止工廠化養(yǎng)殖)”可推知，作者想在文中強(qiáng)調(diào)有必要對工廠化養(yǎng)殖說不。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。MoneyMattersParentsshouldhelptheirchildrenunderstandmoney.___16___.Soyoumaystarttalkingaboutmoneywhenyourchildshowsaninterestinbuyingthings,candyortoys,forexample.●ThebasicfunctionofmoneyBeginexplainingthebasicfunctionofmoneybyshowinghowpeopletrademoneyforgoodsorservices.Itisimportanttoshowyourchildhowmoneyistradedforthethingshewantstohave.Ifhewantstohaveatoy,givehimthemoneyandlethimhandthemoneytothecashier(收銀員).___17___.Whenyourchildgrowsabitolderandunderstandsthebasicfunctionofmoney,youcanstartexplainingmorecomplexwaysofusingmoney.●MoneylessonsApproachmoneylessonswithopennessandhonesty.___18___.Ifyoumustsaynotoachild’srequesttospendmoney,explain,“Youhaveenoughtoytrucksfornow.”O(jiān)r,iftherequestisformanydifferentthings,say,“Youhavetomakeachoicebetweenthistoyandthattoy.”●___19___Beginatthegrocerystore.Pickouttwosimilarbrandsofaproduct—akindofname-brandbutterandageneric(無商標(biāo)消費(fèi)品),forexample.Youcanshowyourchildhowtomakechoicesbetweendifferentbrandsofaproductsothatyoucansavemoney.___20___.Ifhechoosesthecheaperbrand,allowhimtomakeanotherpurchasewiththemoneysaved.Later,youmayexplainhowthemoreexpensivechoiceleaveslessmoneyforotherpurchases.A.WisedecisionsB.ThevalueofmoneyC.PermitthechildtochoosebetweenthemD.Tellyourchildwhyhecan—orcannot—havecertainthingsE.AskyourselfwhatthingsthatcostmoneyaremostimportanttoyouF.TalkabouthowthemoneyboughtthethingafteryouleavethetoystoreG.Thebesttimetoteachachildsomethingaboutmoneyiswhenheshowsaninterest【答案】16.G17.F18.D19.A20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章提出了家長如何幫助孩子們理解有關(guān)金錢的問題。并從三方面提供了解決問題的方法：解釋錢的基本功能、教會孩子理性花錢和做出明智的選擇?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Soyoumaystarttalkingaboutmoneywhenyourchildshowsaninterestinbuyingthings,candyortoys,forexample.(因此，當(dāng)你的孩子對買東西、糖果或玩具表現(xiàn)出興趣時，你可能會開始談?wù)摻疱X)”可知，空格處和下文應(yīng)該是因果關(guān)系，且下文的“whenyourchildshowsaninterestinbuyingthings”是對此處信息的復(fù)現(xiàn)。G項“Thebesttimetoteachachildsomethingaboutmoneyiswhenheshowsaninterest.(教孩子一些關(guān)于金錢的知識的最佳時機(jī)是當(dāng)他表現(xiàn)出興趣的時候)”符合語境。故選G項?！?7題詳解】空格處內(nèi)容應(yīng)該與上一句“Ifhewantstohaveatoy,givehimthemoneyandlethimhandthemoneytothecashier(收銀員).(如果他想要玩具，就把錢給他，讓他把錢交給收銀員)”有關(guān)，都是關(guān)于買玩具的事情。F項“Talkabouthowthemoneyboughtthethingafteryouleavethetoystore.(談?wù)勀汶x開玩具店后，錢是怎么買的)”與本段小標(biāo)題“Thebasicfunctionofmoney(貨幣的基本功能)”是非常吻合的。故選F項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文的兩個假設(shè)，即兩個if引導(dǎo)的從句來看，此處應(yīng)是對后文意義的概括，即告訴孩子為什么能或者不能買某些東西。D項“Tellyourchildwhyhecan—orcannot—havecertainthings.(告訴你的孩子為什么他可以或不能擁有某些東西)”符合語境。故選D項?！?9題詳解】此處是小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文“Beginatthegrocerystore.Pickouttwosimilarbrandsofaproduct—akindofname-brandbutterandageneric(無商標(biāo)消費(fèi)品),forexample.Youcanshowyourchildhowtomakechoicesbetweendifferentbrandsofaproductsothatyoucansavemoney.(從雜貨店開始。挑選兩種類似品牌的產(chǎn)品，例如一種名牌黃油和一種仿制品。你可以向孩子展示如何在不同品牌的產(chǎn)品之間做出選擇，這樣你就可以省錢)”可知，這一段主要講的是家長在商店如何幫助孩子做出明智的選擇。根據(jù)各選項的句式不難看出答案應(yīng)該在A、B兩項中選擇，再根據(jù)兩項中的關(guān)鍵詞decisions和value可知，A項“Wisedecisions(明智的決定)”最能概括本段主旨。故選A項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Ifhechoosesthecheaperbrand(如果他選擇了更便宜的品牌)”可知，此處應(yīng)說明允許孩子在不同的品牌之間做出選擇。C項“Permitthechildtochoosebetweenthem.(允許孩子在兩者之間做出選擇)”符合語境。故選C項。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Insteadofbeingapacing-uptime,winterisalocking-downtime.Winterfreesusinallsortsofways.IoncehadaneighbornamedEarl.Anold-timerandaself-mademan,he____21____toldmestoriesaboutMainewintersinthepast.Hesuggestedhehad____22____theiceage.Hebackeduphisoldstorieswith____23____ofoldblack-and-whitephotographsofheavysnowstormsthatpileduptosecond-floorwindowsandcompletely____24____cars.AndI’llnever____25____whathesaidasanendtooneofhisstories,“Amancouldn’tgetmuchdoneoncethesnowcame.”Sowhatdidhedooncethesnowcame?Hespentagreatdealoftime____26____tohomeandhearth,wherehe____27____thewoodstove,satwithhiswife,madepotsofcoffee,andreadbythefire.AsIwritethesewordsIoccasionallyraisemyheadto____28____thewindowatthewoodpilestacked(堆),thegardenharvested,theappletree____29____,thelawnmowed,andthebicycleshednewlyroofed.AsItendedtoallthosethings,whendidIhavetimeto_____30_____?SomeyearsagoafriendsentmeaquotebySocratesthatItrytobemindfulof:Bewarethefruitlessnessofa_____31_____life.Theadvice_____32_____metolookforwardtothecomingofwinter,becauseI’vefinallylearnedthatitisaslowing-downtime,agiftofrest,a(n)_____33_____toacknowledgethatmostoftheoutdoorworkthatcouldbedonehasbeendone.AfriendofminewholivesintheSoutheastrecentlycalled.Inthecourseofour_____34_____hecelebratedtheclimatewherehelives,which_____35_____himtoworkoutsideyear-round.“I’malwaysonthego.”hetoldme.ButIthinkIneedagoodtimeofwinter.21.A.gradually B.excitedly C.angrily D.unwillingly22.A.struggled B.explored C.survived D.celebrated23.A.laughter B.evidence C.expectation D.patience24.A.buried B.struck C.destroyed D.supported25.A.realize B.forget C.recall D.learn26.A.designing B.improving C.fixing D.tending27.A.bought B.controlled C.built D.filled28.A.lookat B.watchover C.glanceout D.glareat29.A.picked B.cut C.planted D.fell30.A.settle B.arrange C.work D.breathe31.A.busy B.happy C.creative D.special32.A.demanded B.taught C.appointed D.assisted33A.amazement B.surroundings C.opportunity D.ability34.A.convenience B.appearance C.contribution D.conversation35.A.employs B.forces C.enables D.saves【答案】21.B22.C23.B24.A25.B26.D27.D28.C29.A30.D31.A32.B33.C34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述作者認(rèn)為冬天應(yīng)該是一個休息的時間，不能天天總是忙著工作，還要有生活?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他是個老古董，