高中英語 閱讀理解-信息匹配題

課題信息匹配

1訓(xùn)練學(xué)生快速閱讀獲取信息和處理信息的能力

教學(xué)目標(biāo)

2.掌握信息匹配的技巧

占

重八、、如何快速找準(zhǔn)關(guān)鍵詞獲取信息

難點(diǎn)同上

作業(yè)完型填空訓(xùn)練

閱讀技巧小“tips”

信息匹配

?考綱解讀

信息匹配是廣東高考英語2007年開始出現(xiàn)的新題型，其命題的主要目的是：考

查考生通過快速閱讀獲取信息和處理信息的能力。這種題型，既有助于對學(xué)生

快速閱讀能力的培養(yǎng)，也有助于對學(xué)生進(jìn)行信息的加工、分析、比較能力的培

養(yǎng)，對中學(xué)英語教學(xué)在語言技能應(yīng)用方面會有較好的導(dǎo)向作用。

高考信息匹配題可能涉及的內(nèi)容有：

(1)與人們的日常生活相關(guān)的信息，如求職、招聘、購物、餐飲、食品、電腦配

置、手機(jī)選擇、購車、購房等；

(2)與人們的休閑娛樂相關(guān)的信息，如旅游度假、電視頻道的選擇、電影信息、

娛樂明星、運(yùn)動健身等；

(3)與人們獲取知識相關(guān)的信息，如網(wǎng)站搜索、選擇適當(dāng)?shù)恼n程、大學(xué)專業(yè)的選

擇、各類書籍的選擇等。

廣東高考英語信息匹配題的文章體裁一般屬于應(yīng)用文，重點(diǎn)考查學(xué)生語

言實(shí)際應(yīng)用的能力，試題難度適中。

以下是廣東省近3年高考信息匹配題的對照表

、項(xiàng)目

內(nèi)容與體裁

年度'

將兒童讀物的封面及基本信息與其書名匹配起來

2009年

（應(yīng)用文）

2010年把評論與相關(guān)插圖及提示性文字匹配起來（應(yīng)用文）

將相關(guān)背景簡介或故事梗概與影視作品的海報(bào)及提

2011年

示性文字匹配起來（應(yīng)用文）

?應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛

關(guān)于閱讀信息匹配題，能否在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)高效率地完成是獲得高分的關(guān)鍵，其

次在閱讀時(shí)的一些習(xí)慣也要注意。有必要對文段中的一些重要句子、單詞用筆劃

記下來，這樣可以加深你的印象，也讓你在尋找信息時(shí)目光有落腳點(diǎn)，切忌用筆

尖逐詞或尺子逐行地去閱讀。

信息匹配題的解題技巧：

1.巧用先題后文法。先題后文法是考生做閱讀理解常用的一種方法。對于

信息匹配題來說，“先題后文''指的就是先讀匹配對象，然后帶著匹配對象中的

關(guān)鍵信息閱讀前面的信息材料，最后確定答案。這種方法的好處就在于，它可

以提高閱讀的針對性，從而提高解題速度和答題的準(zhǔn)確性。

2.巧辨關(guān)鍵信息。采用先題后文法的目的是為了有針對性地尋找答題信息，但

有時(shí)答題信息不止一個(gè)，可能有多個(gè)，此時(shí)就需要考生能夠辨認(rèn)其中的關(guān)鍵信

息，并將其與題目所給對象進(jìn)行匹配。

3.巧用文體知識。不同的文體往往有其特定的格式化內(nèi)容，如招聘廣告中

通常有年齡、學(xué)歷、經(jīng)驗(yàn)等方面的要求；產(chǎn)品宣傳廣告中通常有產(chǎn)品的特點(diǎn)、優(yōu)

勢、價(jià)格等信息?？忌谧鲱}時(shí)，要注意根據(jù)題目要求，同時(shí)結(jié)合各閱讀材料

的具體內(nèi)容，通過比較和分析，從而確定答案。

4.巧補(bǔ)省略文字。信息匹配題通常涉及的是應(yīng)用文，而應(yīng)用文類文體的語

言都比較簡潔和精煉，有時(shí)甚至還會出現(xiàn)一些省略句。考生做題時(shí)若能具備這

方面的一些知識和能力，并能根據(jù)上下文對所省略的句子作出準(zhǔn)確理解，則可

大大提高得分率。

?題型探究

探究點(diǎn)一順讀法

順讀法：了解短文大意，明確題目要求。按照題目內(nèi)容順序快速瀏覽文章首

句、尾句和關(guān)鍵詞語，了解文段的大意并明確試題的具體要求，然后再按照符合

的要求進(jìn)行匹配。建議考生使用這種方法，因?yàn)榘凑沾朔N方法比較容易記住信息

點(diǎn)，快速答題。

例1請閱讀下列應(yīng)用文和相關(guān)信息，并按照要求匹配信息。

首先，請閱讀下面的應(yīng)用文：

A.JohnLewiswasknownforhiscreativity.Hewasaskilledpianoplayerand

musicaldirectoroftheModernJazz.Hewasfondoftraditionaljazz,bluesandbebop.

YethewasgreatlyinfluencedbytraininginEuropeanclassicalmusic.

B.PaulRobesonwasborninPrinceton,NewJerseyin1908.Hewasanexcellent

studentandathlete.RutgersUniversityinNewJerseygavehimmoney,sohecould

studythere.Healsowasthetopstudentinhisclass.Hebecameaprofessionalactor,

anO'Neillstar.

C.BillieHolidaywroteabookaboutherlife——LadySingstheBlues.Afewmonths

later,shewasarrestedagainforpossessingillegaldrugs.Butinsteadofgoingto

prison,shewaspermittedtoseektreatmenttoendherdependenceondrugs.

D.LarryAdlerdidn'tknowhowtoreadmusicasayoungman.Hecouldlistentoa

recordplayedafewtimesandthenplaythesongwithhisharmonica.Hecoulddothis

withextremelydifficultsongs.Notbeingabletoreadmusicdidnotseemtoharmhis

career.

E.Natformedagroupthatplayedjazzmusicin1937.Thetrioreportedlydidnot

needadrummerbecauseNafspianoplayingkeptthebeatsowell.Theynamedthe

group,TheKingColeTrio.NatplayedthepianoinNewYorkandLosAngelesasa

youngman.

F.IsaacSternwasmorethanagi*eatviolinplayer.Hewasoneofthemosthonored

musiciansintheworld.Hewasaninternationalculturalambassador.Hewasamajor

supporteroftheartsinAmericaandinothercountries.

以下是人物情況介紹，請匹配與之相對應(yīng)的歌手：

()1.Herlastperformancewasin1959.Shediedthatyear.Herhealthwasruined

byusingillegaldrugsanddrinkingtoomuchalcohol.ButLadyDaylivesonthrough

herrecordingsthatcontinuetoinfluencethebestjazzsingers.

()2.HewasoneofthefinestmusicianstorecordwithnewCapitolRecord.Bythe

middle1940s,NatKingColewasbeginningtobeknownasapopularsingeraswell

asajazzpianoplayer.

()3.HejoinedtheProvincetownPlayers,anactinggrouplinkedtoAmerican

playwrightEugeneO'Neillinthe1920s.

()4.GeorgeGershwinusedaspecialdevicecalledarecordingpianotoplayand

record“RhapsodyinBlue”.Afterthefamouscomposer'sdeath,heoftenplayedthe

harmonicawiththerecordingpianoofGeorgeGershwin.

()5.Hecombinedclassicalmusicwithtraditionaljazztocreatesongsforhimself

andthethreeothermembersofhisquartet.Hebelievedmusicshouldbesimpleand

clear,yetplayedinameaningfulway.

【解析】

1.Cillegaldrugs與illegaldrugs匹配;LadyDay與LadySingstheBlues

對應(yīng)。

2.ENatKingCole與TheKingColeTrio匹配；ajazzpianoplayer與Nat

playedthepiano對應(yīng)。

3.BtheProvincetownPlayers,anactinggroup...EugeneO'NeiH與a

professionalactor,anO'Neillstar對應(yīng)。

4.Dtheharmonicawiththerecordingpiano和thesongwithhisharmonica匹

配。

5.Acombinedclassicalmusicwithtraditionaljazz與wasfbndoftraditional

jazz以及classicalmusic匹酉己。

探究點(diǎn)二倒讀法

依照題項(xiàng)信息，尋找匹配信息、。先讀懂后面的題項(xiàng)，抓住關(guān)鍵信息，然后再帶著

所獲關(guān)鍵信息，有針對地查找所需要的或相關(guān)的匹配信息，選擇到一個(gè)就劃記一

個(gè)選項(xiàng)，以免干擾視線。

例2閱讀下列應(yīng)用文及相關(guān)信息，并按照要求匹配信息。

以下是某廣告欄目內(nèi)容的信息介紹：

A.CSI:TheExperience@CaliforniaScienceCenter

Thisimmersive,interactiveforensicscienceexhibitbasedonthetelevisionshow

“CSI"allowsvisitorstouserealforensicequipmenttosolvehypotheticalcrimes.

Multimediapresentationsillustratethesciencebehindtheshow.

B.ScrippsCeramicAnnual@RuthChandlerWilliamsonGallery,ScrippsCollege

The65thScrippsCeramicAnnualGuestcreatedbyassistantprofessorofceramics

（陶瓷）AdamDavis,thisyear'scelebrationofScrippsCollege'sstoriedceramics

programfeaturesworksbyToriArpad,ChristyGast,JeffIrwin,CharlesKrafft,Io

Palmer,KatherineL.Ross,AndersRuhwald,ReinaldoSanguineandDavishimself.

C.CostumesfromOscarfilmsondisplay

ThecostumesfromOscarnominatedfilms"Frost/NixorT,"Milk"and"HellboyII：

TheGoldenArmy“willbeondisplayatUniversalStudiosHollywoodaspartof”The

UniversalExperience:BehindtheScenesofUniversalPictures^^beginningFeb.17.

D.FromRussia,withlove

Getreadyfor"V-Day“Russia-styleinHollywoodtonight.Ex-patsfromMoscowwill

bedancingtohousemusicandmoreat“Cupid'sPlayground"Friday.Nocoverfbr

ladiesbefore11p.m.andfreechampagneandstrawberriesfbrallbefore10：30p.m.

E."IAmChange,9celebration

Enjoyfood,wineandspiritsasyoudancetoamerrymixofsmoothjazz,R&Band

soulmusicatChristianGonzalez's"IAmChange^^bashcelebratingBlackHistory

MonthSundaynight.Cocktailorsemi-formalattirerequired.$20.8.p.m.

F.PresidentialInauguration（就職）inLEGOs@LegolandCalifornia

Can'tmakeittoWashingtonD.C.toseeBarackObamaswear?HeadtoCarlsbad

whereLegolandrecreatesthepresidentialinaugurationinLegos.Morethan1,000

mini-figureshavebeencreatedoutofthousandsofLEGObricksincludingObama

andhisfamily,vice-presidentJosephBidenandhiswifeJill,GeorgeandLauraBush

andmanyothers.

以下是一些人士的情況，請為他們選擇合適的欄目信息：

()1.Heddyisateenagerwhoisquiteinterestedindetectivestories.Heis

fascinatedinhowthepoliceuseprofessionalandhi-techmeasures&equipmentto

findoutthetruthbehindeachcrimeandgetthecriminalstiedunderlaw.

()2.Sisi,ayounggirlandamovielover.Shehasalwaysimaginedherselftobe

thecharactersinmovies,devotingallherheartintofollowingeverybitoftheirlives,

especiallythecostumesandthesettings.

()3.JamiehasdevelopedaninterestinpoliticsandisnowstudyinginCalifornia

University.Butduetosomereasons,hehadnochancetojointhenewpresident's

swearinginceremony.Hehasviewedthescenemanytimes,butstillcouldnotfeel

thegeneralatmospherethere.

()4.Victoriaisacollegestudent,amajorinsculpture.Shehasfeltthatitis

beneficialtoappreciateotherformsofartcreation,sosheishighlyconcernedwiththe

relevantinformationofexhibitionandsimilarevents.

()5.Bandeisablackstudentstudyinglawincollege.Heisamemberofthe

collegebandandheisdevotedtothatkindofmusic一slow,melancholy,

mind-comforting.

【解析】

1.AHeddy對偵探故事及警察的破案過程感興趣，A展出此類題材。

2.CSisi喜歡電影和里面的服裝，可以去觀看C項(xiàng)展出。

3.FJamie對政治感興趣，想體驗(yàn)新總統(tǒng)就職的氣氛，但無緣參與。F微

縮雕刻正再現(xiàn)了關(guān)于新總統(tǒng)、副總統(tǒng)及其家人等的一些場景。

4.BVictoria是雕刻專業(yè)的學(xué)生，同時(shí)關(guān)注其他藝術(shù)形式，而B是關(guān)于陶

瓷的藝術(shù)作品展出。

5.EBande是黑人，且酷愛音樂，尤其是舒緩、憂郁的，而由黑人發(fā)展來

的爵士、靈魂音樂正是這一風(fēng)格，故E合適。

?實(shí)踐演練

(1)

A.PastaHouse-newItalianrestaurantlocatedintheheartofthecity.Simplebut

deliciousinexpensivemeals.Alsohasagoodrangeofvegetable-onlymeals.Ifs

alwayscrowdedsobereadytoordertake-awayorshareatable.Open11a.m.to

midnight.

B.ATasteofIndia-famousforitsspicycurriesandmanysouthernIndiandishes

usingchilli.Youwillusuallybeabletofindatableduringtheweekbutifyou're

planningtogoontheweekendmakesureyoubookatableinadvance.Opennoon

tomidnight.

C.ParisMatch-thisisthefinestFrenchrestaurantinthecity.Wonderfulfoodyou

canenjoyinluxurioussuiToundings.Theperfectplacetohavearomanticmealor

impressabusinesspartner,butbepreparedforalargebill.Opennoonto2a.m.

Bookingessential.

D.MountainDiner-notfancybuttasty.ExcellentAsianandEuropeandishes.

Countrysidelocationsurroundedbyforest.It'satleastanhour'sdrivefromthecity

soyoumightwanttostayatthenearbyMountainHotelovernight.Open7a.m.to

10p.m.

E.OwlCafe-open24hoursadaythecafehasalargeselectionofsetbreakfast,

lunchanddinnermealsforyoutochoosefrom,oryoucanenjoyoneoftheirmany

delicioussnacksanddessertsoveracupoffreshlymadecoffee.

EGreekBistro-alivelyrestaurantthatservesgreat-valueGreekfoodandhaslive

Greekmusicplayedbyalocalband.Customersareencouragedtotakepartinthe

entertainmentsobereadyforanightofloudfunandlaughter.Open6p.m.to2

a.m.

以下是五個(gè)人的選擇要求，請匹配每個(gè)人擬選擇的地方：

46.Bill-waslategettinguptodaysohasn'thadtimetomakebreakfast.Hewantsto

pickupsomethingtoeatbeforehegoestoworksohehasenoughenergytolast

throughtolunchtime.

47.Julie-worksinthecityandwantstogetsomelunch.Shedoesn'twantanything

toospecialsolongasitistastyandnottooexpensive.Julielikesallkindsoffood

butbecausesheisonadietshewantstoavoidanythingcontainingmeat.

48.Sally-hasfriendsvisitingherfromout-of-townandwantstotakethemtodinner.

Shewantstotakethemsomewheretheycanenjoytheatmosphereandhavefun.

Sheisauniversitystudentsodoesn'thavealotofmoneyanddoesn'tlikeherfood

toohot.

49.Albert-isabusinessmanwhowillmeetanimportantEuropeanclientfora

businessdinnernextweek.Wanttobookatableataquietrestaurantthatwill

impresshisguestwithbothitsfoodanditssurroundings.

50.Robert-ismeetinghisfriendBenforlunchtoday(Tuesday)andwantstotake

himtoanicerestaurant.BothRobertandBenenjoygoodqualityspicyfood.

Robertdoesn'tlikearrangingthingsinadvancesohehasn'tbookedatable.

(2)

五家公司想了解更多產(chǎn)品貨物服務(wù)情況。閱讀下面六個(gè)貨物服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)相關(guān)介紹選

項(xiàng)(A、B、C、D、E和F),選出符合各家公司需求的最佳選項(xiàng)。

CargoService

A.Beijing/Dandong/Pyongyang/NampoB.EASTINTERNATIONAL

AndyChaoTRANSPORTATIONLTD

TRAINSSERVICECOLTDAirExpress,OceanFreight(貨運(yùn))；

Add:99NongzhanguanNanlu,DomesticTransportation,Trucking,

ChaoyangDistrict,Beijing100026ExhibitionandCustomsdeclaration.

Tel:(86-10)65929973,65929974,HeadOffice:21XiaoyunRoad,

65913456Dongsanhuanbeilul,Beijing,100027,China.

Fax:(86-10)65943562Tel:(86-10)64618899

E-mail:andychao@public,gb.Com.Cn

C.COSCOINTERNATIONALAIRD.EastEuro-AsiaShippingAndTrading

FREIGHTCOLTDGmbhBeijingOffice

Internationalairexpressandcargosales,Shippingandforwardingagency

Sea-and-aircoordinatedtransportconsultancyandcontactfortrading

Information.business.

Add:1/F,LightBuildingA4,9thBlock,Add:RoomC403-C405,5,SanliheRoad,

Hepingli,Beijing100013,ChinaHaidianDistrict,Beijing100044,China

Tel:(86-10)64242071Tel:(86-10)68494453/68494485/68494455

Fax:(86-10)68494455Mr.RenHaili

Fax:(86-10)64204225/6

E.GMBH&COFR.MERER3SOHNF.ANNENGINTERNATIONALCARGO

Airandseainternationaltransportation,TRANSPORTATIONAGENCY

EspeciallyforexporttransportationfromSpace-booking,ware-housing&packaging;

Europetodifferentareas.Customsdeclaration,quarantine

RM62LandmarkTower2,Beijingexaminationandqualityinspection

100004,Chinadeclarationandinsurance;

Tel:(86-10)65907060Making&signingrelateddocuments

Fax:(86-10)65907058settlementsoffreightcharges.International

expressdelivery;Consultation.

Add:RM205,HuangshangBuilding,

Xiangheyuanzhongli,ChaoyangDistrict,

Beijing100028,China

Tel:(86-10)64638083

Fax:(86-10)64680198

請閱讀下列五個(gè)公司的基本想法，然后匹配相關(guān)信息：

1.Yourcargoesneedsellinginaforeigncountry.Soyouhavetocontactwith

thecompanymainlyengagedinexporttransportation.

2.YourcompanywantstoopenupamarketinRussiaandneedssomeadviceon

howtodotradingbusinesswithRussians.

3.Youwanttohaveyourgoodstransportedabroadbyshipwithoutyourgoing

tothecustomsyourself.Andyourmanagerasksyoutotelephonethecompanyin

Beijingassoonaspossible.

4.Yourfirmhasalargenumberofplasticproductswhichwillbesoldinsome

areaslikeNorthChinaorNorthKorea.Trainsserviceisamust.

5.Yourcompanyhasnewlybeensetupandintendstosetfootininternational

trade.Soyouneedtoknowmoreinformationviatransportationagency.

?家庭作業(yè)

Haveyoueverheardthestoryofthefbur-minutemile?Foryearspeoplebelieved

thatitisimpossibleforahumanbeingtoJ_amileinlessthanfourminutesuntil

RogerBanisterprovedit_2_in1954.Withinoneyear,37runners_3_thebelief

barrier.Andtheyearafterthat,300otherrunnersdidthesamething.

Whathappensifyouputananimalina_4_?Anyanimal,bigorsmall,willswim

itswaythrough.Whathappenswhensomeone,whodoesnotknowhowtoswim,falls

indeepwaters?You5.Ifananimalwhohasnotlearnedswimmingcould_6_by

swimming,whynotyou?Becauseyoubelieveyouwilldrownwhiletheanimaldoes

not.

These_7_showthepowerofbeliefs.Thereisnoothermore_8_forcein

directinghumanbehaviorthanbelief.Ourbeliefsha