【高教版】中職語(yǔ)文基礎(chǔ)上冊(cè)《寫作：應(yīng)用文 便條》教案

應(yīng)用文寫作一便箋（便條）和短信

一、概述

便條也是書信的一種形式。它的特點(diǎn)是內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)短，主要有臨時(shí)性的詢問(wèn)、留言、通知、要求等。跟正

規(guī)書信相比，便條的語(yǔ)言比較口頭化，比如要通知某事只需這樣開頭：Justalinetotellyouthat...

而無(wú)須像正規(guī)書信那樣Thisistoinformyouthat...開頭。另外，在便條中常出現(xiàn)省略現(xiàn)象，例如：

“keytobackdoorisundermat."或者“keytobackdoorundermat."（后門鑰匙在墊子下面）

n

代之以"Thekeytothebackdoorisunderthemat.0

結(jié)束時(shí)也無(wú)需結(jié)尾禮詞，只需寫上寫便條者姓名。如果是關(guān)系比較近的人，則只需寫上姓或名。

便條的日期通常寫在右上角。一般只寫上星期幾或者星期幾上午或下午，也可寫上午、下午的具體時(shí)

刻。日常應(yīng)用中，寫上幾月幾日的也很普遍。但一般不寫年份，因?yàn)楸銞l的內(nèi)容多半是當(dāng)日或近日內(nèi)要辦

的事情。寫便條時(shí)，不得事先準(zhǔn)備，因此無(wú)固定格式，大多用手寫。

二、注意事項(xiàng)

1.詞句簡(jiǎn)潔，盡量避免應(yīng)酬語(yǔ)和各種敬詞

2.切忌內(nèi)容空洞、言不達(dá)意。

三、分類舉例

1）請(qǐng)假（AskingforLeave）

例1

Directions：YouareabouttowriteaBusinessLeaveNoteofabout100words.Pleasedescribe

theseinformationclearly.

1）thereasonyouaskfortheleave

2）thetimeandhowlongyouwillleave

Class4,Grade3

Aug.22nd

ToDepartmentOffice

SecretaryLi,

I'msorrytoapplyfortenday'sleavefromtheAug.23rdtosept,3rdinstant.AsIhave

toleavewiththetimeisurgent.Myfathernowinthehospitalisbadlyill.Ihavetogoto

seehimandtakecareofhimforafewdays.YouknowItheonlychildinmyfamily.Ofcourse

Iwi11showyouthetelegramaboutmyfathersi11nesswhichisrecievedfrommymothertosupport

myapplication.

Asconcernasthemissedlessonsduringmyabsence,IpromiseIwilldomybesttocatchthem

onafterIcomebacktothecampus.Wishforyourallowance.

Yoursrespectfully

XXX

*本文是一封請(qǐng)假條，一般我們要向上級(jí)或老師請(qǐng)假，通常用的是ackforleave這個(gè)短語(yǔ)，請(qǐng)三天假

可寫作：askforthreedays'leave；因病請(qǐng)假則是askforsickleave,leave在這里是名詞用法，文

中用的短語(yǔ)是applyfor意為“申請(qǐng)”，含有更加鄭重的意味，常用于下級(jí)對(duì)上級(jí)或晚輩對(duì)長(zhǎng)輩的書面語(yǔ)

中，“Onlychild”意為“獨(dú)生子女”相應(yīng)的，“獨(dú)生女”譯作“onlydaughter”而“獨(dú)生子”譯作“only

son”。Asconcernas.后面跟名詞性結(jié)構(gòu),意為“涉及到,至于“與Concerning同意，兩者可以互換。

例2

Directions：Yourfatherisseriouslyill,andyouwanttogobackhome.Writeanotetothe

secretaryanditshouldinclude.

1)thecauseforleaving；

2)thedays：from16thto21st；

3)Catchonthelessonafterreturningschool.

July5th

DearMissHuang,

Mysistercalledmelastnight,andshesaidthatmyfatherisdangerouslyill.Ibegtoapply

forsevendays"leaveofabsencefrom16thto21stinstant,inorderthatIcanseemybeloved

father.

Ishouldbemuchobiigedifyouwouldgrantmemyapplication.Asregardsthelessonstobe

missedduringmyabsence,Iwi11domybesttomakeupforthemassoonasIgetbackfromhome.

Sincerelyyours,

XXX

*本格式采用TheSemi-indentedForm(半縮進(jìn)式)，以前比較流行，現(xiàn)在人們也繼續(xù)采用。1should

bemuchobiigedifyouwou1d是一種客套語(yǔ)，表示“結(jié)果，我當(dāng)不勝感激?！薄把a(bǔ)課”的英文

是tomakeupforthelessons,assoonas意思是....就。

2)約請(qǐng)(Invitation)

例1

Directions：YouhaveatickettotheRussianNationalBalletTroupe,whichisvisitingand

youwanttogiveittoyourfriendAlice.Writeanotetoherandsay：

1)thetimeoftheshow,

2)theplacewhereyouwillwaitforher

Youshouldwriteabout100words.

Sunday

DearAlice,

Hereisapieceofgoodnewsforyou.TheRussianNationalBalletTroupe,whichisnowon

avisitinBeijing,willgiveaperformanceintheBeijingGrandTheatertomorrowevening.Iam

surethatyouwi11behappytowatchit.HereIleaveyouanadmissioncard.Theperformancewi11

beginatseveno'clocksharp.Iwi11waitforyouatthetheaterentrance.Pleaseletmeknow

whetheryouarepreventedfromcomingornot.

XXX

*約朋友一起去看戲，可是朋友不在家，只好留下票子和一張便條，但又怕朋友來(lái)不了，所以在便條最

后特地寫上“如果你來(lái)不了，告訴我一聲"(Please1etmeknowwhetheryouarepreventedfromcoming)

此文的waitfor也可以用expect代替。

3)道歉(Apology)

人非圣賢，孰能無(wú)過(guò)。在社會(huì)交往中，人們常常會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些疏忽、過(guò)失等。如果發(fā)生此類事情，就會(huì)

給對(duì)方帶來(lái)麻煩和不便。為了避免誤解，不影響感情，在這種情況下，應(yīng)寫信給對(duì)方予以解釋，以請(qǐng)求諒

解。

此類信要寫得及時(shí)，態(tài)度要誠(chéng)懇，用詞需謙遜。一般在信一開始就向?qū)Ψ奖硎厩敢饣騼?nèi)疚，然后說(shuō)明

原因并提出補(bǔ)救的辦法。

例1

Directions：Youhavemissedadateofyourfriend,nowyouhavetowritealetterfor

appologizationinabout100words.

May20th

DearLily,

IamsorryImissedseeingyouyesterday.Iknowthatyoumusthavebeendisappointed.Ialso

feelworriedandanxiousinmyheart.Thefactisthatmymanageratthelastmomentaskedme

toprepareaurgentplanwhileIcouldnotgettoaphonetocallyouandyesterdayIhaveworked

lateuntilabout8：30p.m.Iamterriblysorry.

However,Iwouldliketoaskyououtthisweekendtomakeupforyesterday.Pleasegiveme

achanceandIamwaitingforyourreply.

XXX

*臨時(shí)有事未能赴約，一定要把事情解釋清楚并真誠(chéng)的道歉，最好能有彌補(bǔ)(tomakeup),就像這封

信里所說(shuō)的那樣，邀請(qǐng)對(duì)方周末再碰頭(Iwouldliketoaskyououtthisweekend)注意英文句子you

musthavebeendisappointed中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成時(shí)態(tài)，表示過(guò)去行為。這句話應(yīng)該理解

為“你當(dāng)時(shí)一定感到很失望”。

例2

Directions：Youhavereceivedainvitationfromyourfriend,butyouhavealreadyhadsome

guestsinyourhouse.Pleaseexpressthereasonyoucan'tgoclearlyinabout100words.

6.April

DearLucy,

IdoappologizeforhavingtosendthisletteraboutSaturdaynight.

WhenIacceptedyourinvitation,IsimplyforgotthatSaturdaywasaholidayandthatmyown

guestswerenotleavinguntilSundaymorning.Itisdifficultformetomakeachoice.Though

Ialsowondertomeetyouverymuch.Icouldnotverywellgooutbymyselfandleavetheguests

atmyhome.

IhopeyouknowhowsorryIamnottobewithyouthisSaturday.ShouldImakeavisitto

youinmyothersparetime?

Thankyouverymuch.

XXX

*自己家里有客人，自然不方便再接受別人邀請(qǐng)去做客所以可以明正言順的表示拒絕或可另約時(shí)間。英

文要強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，可以加上助動(dòng)詞，例如:

Idoapologizeforbeinglate.

Hedidcomeyesterday.

例3

Directions：Youarealreadyhaveadatewithyourfriendbutsuddenlyhaveanotherthingto

doandyouhavetotellyourfriendthatyoucan'tgo.Expressyourreasonclearlyinabout100

words.

Monday9：00a.m

DearJane,

IamsorrytotellyouthatIwon'tbeabletocomethisafternoonbecauseIhavetogoto

theairportat2：00p.m.tomeetanoverseasvisitorfromAustralia.Ireallyhavekeptour

datdinmymindal1thesedays,however,Ireceivedmyboss'e-mailthismorning,heaskedme

togototheairporttomeetoneofhisfriendsfromabroad,it'ssuddenlyandurgentandImust

go.Pleaseforgiveme.Wouldyoupleaseringmeuptomakeanothertime?

Manythanks.

XXX

*因有事而不能赴約，只能另約時(shí)間(tomake或tofixanothertime)0寫信人Bluce很可能是英

國(guó)人，因?yàn)樗?打電話”說(shuō)成toringsomebodyup,美國(guó)人通常說(shuō)tocallsomebody.英國(guó)人打電話還

可以說(shuō)togivesomebodyaring,不要錯(cuò)以為別人要送你個(gè)戒指。與別人已經(jīng)定好的約會(huì)卻臨時(shí)不能赴

約時(shí)，應(yīng)說(shuō)明原因并誠(chéng)懇地道歉，以期獲得別人的諒解。

4)借物(Borrowing)

例

Directions：Youaregoingtowriteanoteforborrowingsth.pleasedeseribetheseinformation

clearly.

1)thethingyouask

2)detailedwhatyouaregoingtodowithit.

3)howlongwillyoutakeit.

Tuesday

DearXiaoWang：

IwonderifIcouldborrowyourelectronicdictionaryforafewdays.NowIamtranslating

someimportantarticles.TherearemanynewwordswhichIhavetolookupthedictionaryusually.

Ijusthaveapaperdictionarybutofcourseit'snotasconvenientastheelectronicone,

whichhasabadeffectuponmyvelocityofmytranslating.SoIthinkyourelectonicdictionary

ismoresuitableformetocompletemywork.IpromisethatImustbeverycarefulofyourdictionary

andmakenodamagedoneonit.Thankyouverymuch!

Yoursever

XXX

*字典是我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪谐Ｓ玫膶W(xué)習(xí)工具，但是千萬(wàn)不能直接從字面上認(rèn)為“查字典"就是"check

thedictionary”,而應(yīng)該用“l(fā)ookup”這個(gè)固定短語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)。

“影響……”有一個(gè)很地道的短語(yǔ)。“haveeffectupon/on"，后面接受影響的人或物，如果是積極

影響就在have和effect之間加agood,反之，就加"abad”其他的形容