專題41動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)主謂一致用法(五年真題備考策略名校模擬原創(chuàng)語填)原卷版

2025年新高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)筑基培優(yōu)方案（北師大版2019）第三章核心語法專題41動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)主謂一致用法講練測(五年真題+備考策略+名校模擬+原創(chuàng)語填)原卷版目錄一、高考真題—動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)主謂一致5大考點47例真題分類通關(guān)1二、備考策略—動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)主謂一致5大考向+思維導(dǎo)圖+考點梳理4三、名校模擬—動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)主謂一致最新高頻易錯單句填空30例11四、原創(chuàng)語填—創(chuàng)造歷史！中國花游奪奧運會隊史首金12一、五年高考真題分類通關(guān)真題調(diào)研一：考查語法一致用法（謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)要與主語單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致）。1.（2024新課標(biāo)I卷）Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhouse60(walk)visitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad,bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainforthefirsttime.2.（2024新課標(biāo)II卷）“SomeofthethingsthatTangwaswritingabout___58___(be)alsoShakespeare’sconcerns.IhappentoknowthatTang’splayThePeonyPavilion(《牡丹亭》)issimilarinsomewaystoRomeoandJuliet.”3.（2024新課標(biāo)II卷）Twoyearslater,asixmetertallpavilion,inspiredbyThePeonyPavilion,___61___(build)attheFirsGarden,justtenminutes’walkfromShakespeare’sbirthplace.4.（2024全國甲卷）They64(be)partofa15memberexploringpartythathadspentalmostfiveawesomeweeksinwitnessofthenaturalbeautiesthere.5.(2024北京卷）Whenweslowdown,wecreatespacetoreflectonourthoughtsandemotions,whichhelpsusidentifyimportantareasofourlivesand________(give)ustheopportunitytomakerightchoices.6.(2024北京卷）OnApril5,2024,JohnTinniswood___15___(name)theworld’soldestlivingman.7.(2024九省聯(lián)考卷）Fountainpens__________(use)inschoolslongagoandhavebeenregainingpopularitylatelybecausetheyarerefillable.8.（2024浙江1月卷）Overthelasttwoyears,somesupermarkets__________(start)sellingchickenorsaladinpacksdesignedwithtwohalvescontainingseparateportions(份).9.（2023北京卷）Uptonow,China__________(establish)anumberofprotectedareaswithmangroves.10.（2023全國乙卷）Havingvisitedseveraltimesoverthelast10years,I_________(amaze)bythecoexistenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遺產(chǎn))whileconstantlygrowing.11.（2023北京卷）Yearslater,havingmovedtoFrance.Iturnedupattheappointedhourforadinner,onlytofindthatnootherguest_________(arrive)andmyhostesswasstillinhersleepingsuit.12.（2022北京卷）Theuseofthoseplastics(increase)by300%since2019.Theworldwon’tsurviveifthissituationcontinues.13.（2022新課標(biāo)I卷）Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat__________(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthoritytoincreaseeffectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.14.（2022全國甲卷）Inthelastfiveyears,Cao_________(walk)through34countriesinsixcontinents,andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa’shighestmountain.15.（2022北京卷）Theuseofthoseplastics_________(increase)by300%since2019.Theworldwon’tsurviveifthissituationcontinues.16.（2022浙江1月卷）OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,roughly200academicsmanyofthemclimatescientists_________(promise)toflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.17.（2022新課標(biāo)I卷）TheGPNP_________(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,andleavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(資產(chǎn))forfuturegenerations”.18.（2022北京卷）Gasnaturally(have)norecognisablesmell.However,astrongsmellisaddedsothatwecanraisethealarmwhenwedetectthesmellassociatedwithdanger.19.（2021新課標(biāo)II卷）Ikeptgoing.WheneverIheardofbusinessesusingplastic,I'dsendanemail.OneofthebiggestpaniesIwroteto_________(be)AlaskaAirlinesParis.20.（2021浙江1月卷）Itiscalculatedbydividingaperson’sweightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared,andaBMIofbetween19and25_________(consider)healthy.21.（2021浙江卷）Mary’sniecewrote,"Thelittlehome_________(paint)white.Itwassweetandfresh.Marylovedit.Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewasareflectionofherself,everythingingoodtasteandinperfectorder.22.（2021新課標(biāo)I卷）Whatesnextistheendlessseriesofsteps.Youcan’thelpwonderinghowhardit_________(be)forthepeoplethentoputallthoserocksintoplace.23.（2021全國甲卷）TheXi'anCityWallisthemostpletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slonghistory.It_________(build)originallytoprotectthecityintheTangdynastyandhasnowbeenpletelyrestored(修復(fù)).24.（2021北京卷）There_________(be)adramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years,causedlargelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.25.（2022新課標(biāo)II卷）Henry_________(fix)hiscarwhenheheardthescreams.HelookedupandsawErichangingfromthebalcony.26.（2020新課標(biāo)）Thepartsofamuseumopentothepublic_________(call)galleriesorrooms.27.（2020北京卷）Singleuseplasticbagsareusedatmostafewtimesbeforethey_________(throw)away.真題調(diào)研二：考查意義一致用法（一些集體名詞需要根據(jù)其語境含義確定謂語單復(fù)數(shù)形式）。28.(2017江蘇)ThepublicationofGreatExpectations,which___________(be)bothwidelyreviewedandhighlypraised,strengthenedDickens,statusasaleadingnovelist.真題調(diào)研三：考查就近一致用法（either..or,neither…nor…,notonly…butalso….等）。29.（2021北京卷）There__________(be)adramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years,causedlargelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.30.(2019江蘇)Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembers______________(give)tenperformancesinthelastthreemonths.31.(2019天津)Amy,aswellasherbrothers,_____________(give)awelewhenreturningtothevillagelastweek.32.(2017天津)Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,_____________(regard)asoneofthebestallroundformsofexercise.真題調(diào)研四：考查對過去時態(tài)的用法。33.（2023北京卷）Myheartwentouttohim,andI___20___(jog)overtohim.AsIhandedhimtheglasses,helookedatmeandsaid,“Thanks!”34.（2023新高考II卷）Asalittlegirl,I_________(wish)tobeazookeeperwhenIgrewup.35.（2023北京卷）SoonaftermovingtoSwitzerland,I_________(throw)ahousewarmingpartyandwasgreatlysurprisedwhenall30guestsshowedupexactlyontime.36.（2023北京卷）Yearslater,havingmovedtoFrance.Iturnedupattheappointedhourforadinner,onlytofindthatnootherguest_________(arrive)andmyhostesswasstillinhersleepingsuit.37.（2022北京卷）Eventually,theman_________(catch)upwithher,andhewasonlytryingtoreturnherwallet!38.（2022浙江卷）Whenhefelta3DversionofLeonardodaVinci’s“MonaLisa”he_________(notice)hersmilerightaway.”Icanactuallyfeelwhatyouseewhenyoulookatit,”hesaid.39.（2020全國I卷）TheunmannedChang’e4probe(探測器)thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess_________(touch)downlastweekintheSouthPoleAitkenbasin.40.（2021浙江卷）AfterLincolnwaselectedPresidentoftheUSin1861,theyrentedthehouseand_________(sell)mostoftheirfurniture.41.（2021全國甲卷）We_________(hire)ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.Mybikewasoldandshakybutdidthejob.42.（2020新高考）The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,_________(form)thecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseumthatopenedin1759.真題調(diào)研五：考查“情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞”用法43.（2024全國甲卷）Whatshould(do)withsuchabeautifulplace?Theywonderedoutloud.44.（2024浙江1月卷）However,thoughit’snicetogetafewcentsoffapackofsausages,itwouldhelpevenmoreiftheycouldsometimes__________(offer)insmallerpacks.45.（2023全國甲卷）Carsonprovesthatasimplelyricformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill_________(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.46.（2022浙江卷）Tounderstandapainting,we’retaughttolookforcolor,position,andlight.Buthowcanapainting_________(appreciate)bysomeonewho’sblind?47.（2020全國III卷）Theartistwassurehewould_________(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.二、特殊句式考點支架式備考策略一、動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)主謂一致高考考向1.現(xiàn)在完成時的用法（兼顧主謂一致和被動語態(tài)）（高頻考點）2.一般現(xiàn)在時的用法（兼顧主謂一致和被動語態(tài)）（高頻考點）3.一般過去時的用法（高頻考點）4.含情態(tài)動詞本地語態(tài)的用法（高頻考點）5.被動語態(tài)的用法（高頻考點）二、動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)主謂一致考點細(xì)目卷別現(xiàn)在時過去時將來時（含被動）2024新課標(biāo)I卷walkswished2024新課標(biāo)II卷were;wasbuilt2024全國甲卷were(should)bedone2024北京卷giveswasnamed;jogged2023新高考II卷wished2023全國甲卷bee改為beesmake→made(can)beemployed2023全國乙卷wasamazed2023全國北京卷hasestablishedhadarrivedwouldthrow2022新高考I卷isdesignedwere2022新高考II卷werefixing;threw2022全國甲卷haswalkedwaswere;beebecame2022全國乙卷liveslive;去掉beenaddressed2022北京卷has;hasincreased2021新高考I卷was2021新高考II卷was2021全國甲卷are改為iswasbuilt;hired2021全國乙卷刪去are2021北京卷connects2020全國I卷means;isconstructedtouched2020全國II卷carriesstart改為started2020全國III卷had改成havepointed(would)bechosen2020新高考卷arecalled;isformed2019全國I卷hasreported；are2019全國II卷havemadedeclared2019全國III卷required改為requiresremended；wereinvited2019北京卷voiced三、動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)主謂一致考點梳理考點1最熱考的3種時態(tài)用法1.一般現(xiàn)在時(1)表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的、習(xí)慣性的、反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動作或狀態(tài)。常與表示習(xí)慣的副詞(詞組)always，everytime，nowandthen，occasionally，often，seldom，never，sometimes，usually，everyday/night等連用。OnMondaymornings，itusuallytakesmeanhourtodrivetoworkthoughtheactualdistanceisonly20miles.每個周一早晨開車去上班我一般要花費一個小時，盡管實際距離只有20英里。(2)按時間表、時刻表、日程表等安排將要發(fā)生的動作或事件。常見的動詞(詞組)有g(shù)o，arrive，leave，start，stay，return，begin，e，takeoff等。Theflighttakesoffat8：30ameveryWednesdayandFriday.這個航班每周三和周五早上8：30起飛。(3)如果主句用一般將來時，那么在時間、條件或讓步狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。Ifitdoesn'traintomorrow，we'llhaveatrip.如果明天不下雨，我們將去旅行。2.一般過去時表示在過去一段時間內(nèi)經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。常與often，usually，seldom等表示頻率的副詞連用。還可以表示在過去某一時間所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，與現(xiàn)在沒有關(guān)系，常與yesterday，theotherday，lastweek，thedaybeforeyesterday等表示過去的時間狀語連用。IhadonetriplastyearwhenIwascaughtbyahurricaneinAmerica.去年有一次出行，我在美國趕上颶風(fēng)。[名師點津]在含有時間狀語從句的主從復(fù)合句中，若兩個動作接連發(fā)生，一般不用過去完成時，而用一般過去時，尤其是在含有before與after的主從復(fù)合句中。IclosedthewindowbeforeIlefttheroom.我在離開房間之前關(guān)上了窗戶。3.現(xiàn)在完成時(1)表示過去所發(fā)生的動作或事情對現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。常與yet，before，recently，once，lately等表示過去時間的狀語連用。Ihaven'tfinishedreadingthebookyet，soIcan'treturnittothelibrary.我還沒有把書讀完，因此不能把它還給圖書館。(2)表示一個從過去某個時間開始，延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能延續(xù)下去的動作。常與sofar，uptonow，since，inthepastfewyears等表示包括現(xiàn)在時間在內(nèi)的一段時間的狀語連用。Hisfirstnovelhasreceivedgoodreviewssinceitcameoutlastmonth.他的第一部小說自上個月出版以來獲得了許多好評。Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttenyears.在過去的十年里，我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。(3)在時間、條件狀語從句中可使用現(xiàn)在完成時代替將來完成時。HewillbebackbeforeIhavefinishedmywork.我完成工作之前他會回來的。(4)下列句型中常用現(xiàn)在完成時。①Itis/hasbeen＋一段時間＋since從句Itis/hasbeenmorethan4，000yearssincetheChinesebegantogrowanddrinktea.中國人開始種植和飲用茶已經(jīng)有4000多年的歷史了。②在“It/Thisisthefirst/second/third...time＋that從句”句型中，that從句中的謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時。AsfarasIknow，itisthefirsttimethatyouhavedecidedtocelebratetheChineseNewYear，whichwillimpressyougreatly.據(jù)我所知，這是你第一次決定過中國新年，這將給你留下深刻的印象。考點2過去完成時和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時用法1.過去完成時(1)表示過去某一時間或某一動作前已完成的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與by，bytheendof，bythetime，before，since，until等后接表示過去某一時間的短語或從句連用。Ihadputawaymycellphonebeforemyfathercameback.在我爸爸回來之前我已經(jīng)把我的收起來了。Bytheendofyesterday，wehadreceivedover1，000lettersfromallovertheworld.到昨天為止，我們已經(jīng)收到了來自世界各地的1000多封信。(2)表示“希望、打算、認(rèn)為”的動詞(如hope，want，expect，think，mean，wish，plan，intend)用過去完成時表示過去本打算實現(xiàn)而未實現(xiàn)的愿望或計劃。ToSam'ssurprise，hisparents'reactionwasfarbeyondwhathehadexpected.令薩姆驚訝的是，他父母的反應(yīng)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了他的預(yù)期。(3)在“hardly(scarcely)...when...”，“nosooner...than...”句型結(jié)構(gòu)中，主句用過去完成時，從句用一般過去時，意為“一……就……”。Machadhardlystoodupwhenthewolfarrivedandwasabouttolaunchanotherattack.馬克剛站起來，狼就來了，正要發(fā)動另一次進(jìn)攻。(4)在“It/Thiswasthefirst(second，etc.)time＋that從句”句型中，從句謂語動詞用過去完成時。ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadtrulyrealizedthemeaningofthegift—patience.這是我第一次真正體會到這份禮物的意義——耐心。2.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時由“have/has＋been＋doing”構(gòu)成，表示過去的動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并有可能延續(xù)下去，常和for，since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語連用。IfyouareinterestedinChinesecalligraphy，Iwillbegladtohelpyou，asIhavebeenpracticingitthesedays.如果你對中國書法感興趣，我很樂意幫助你，因為我這些天一直在練習(xí)?？键c3現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時、過去進(jìn)行時和將來進(jìn)行時用法1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(1)表示說話時正在進(jìn)行或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作，雖然此時此刻該動作不一定正在進(jìn)行。NowIamplanningourscheduleforthetrip.現(xiàn)在我正在計劃我們的旅行日程。(2)表示按計劃或安排即將發(fā)生的動作，常見的動詞有g(shù)o，e，leave，start，arrive，return，work，stay，have等?！癟hemomentisingsoon，”hethoughttohimself，waitingnervously.“這一刻就要來了，”他自思自忖，緊張地等待著。2.過去進(jìn)行時(1)表示過去某一時刻正在進(jìn)行或過去某一時間段內(nèi)一直進(jìn)行的動作。Iwasdoingmyhomeworkatthistimeyesterday.昨天這個時候我正在做家庭作業(yè)。(2)表示運動和位置移動的動詞可以用過去進(jìn)行時表示過去將來時。這類動詞主要有：leave，start，arrive，go，e等。JoantoldusshewasleavingforWuhannextSaturday.瓊告訴我們她下周六要去武漢。3.將來進(jìn)行時表示將來某一時刻或某一時段正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動作，常與一些標(biāo)志性的時間狀語連用，如thistimetomorrow，bythen，from1：30to4：30tomorrow等。Don'tphonemebetween5and6.We'llbehavingdinnerthen.不要在五點至六點之間給我打，那時我們在吃晚飯?？键c4一般將來時和過去將來時用法1.一般將來時(1)“will/shall＋動詞原形”表示現(xiàn)在看來以后要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。“will＋動詞原形”還可以表示說話人臨時作出的決定。Mybirthdayising.Iwillbe18yearsold.我的生日就要到了。我將要18歲了。(2)begoingtodo表示現(xiàn)在打算或計劃將來要做的事情；根據(jù)某種跡象認(rèn)為在最近或?qū)硪l(fā)生的事情。Aimingtorelievethepressureofthefinalexaminationandrelaxourselves，ourclassaregoingtoorganiseanoutingnextweekend.為了減輕期末考試的壓力，放松自己，我們班打算下周末組織一次郊游。(3)“beaboutto＋動詞原形”表示打算或根據(jù)安排即將發(fā)生的動作。它不與表示具體時間的狀語連用，但可以與when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句連用。TheEnglishEveningisabouttostart.英語晚會即將開始。(4)“betodo”表示約定的、計劃中的或按職責(zé)、義務(wù)將要發(fā)生的動作，這種動作通常是人的意志所能控制的，或用于征求意見。Bytheway，afterthecontest，Iamtodropinatyouruniversitytovisityou.順便說一句，比賽結(jié)束后，我將順便去你們大學(xué)看望你們。2.過去將來時表示從過去某時來看將要發(fā)生的動作、存在的狀態(tài)或過去的意圖、打算。MybrotherinlawwaslaughingsohardthatIthoughthewouldfalloffhischair.我姐夫笑得很厲害，我以為他會從椅子上摔下來?？键c5被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成和用法時態(tài)一般式進(jìn)行式完成式現(xiàn)在時am/is/are＋過去分詞am/is/are＋being＋過去分詞have/has＋been＋過去分詞過去時was/were＋過去分詞was/were＋being＋過去分詞had＋been＋過去分詞將來時shall/willbe＋過去分詞shall/will＋havebeen＋過去分詞過去將來時would/shouldbe＋過去分詞would/should＋havebeen＋過去分詞[名師點津]1.某些及物動詞和動詞短語無被動語態(tài)：have有；cost花費；lack缺少；suit適合；belongto屬于；sufferfrom遭受；datefrom/backto追溯到；consistof由……組成；takepartin參加。Sheisexperimentingwithdifferenttypewriterstoseewhichonesuitsherbest.她正在試驗不同的打印機(jī)，看哪一種最適合她。Asisknowntoall，acupunctureisaculturalheritageuniquetoChina，whichdatesbacktomorethan2，000yearsago.眾所周知，針灸是中國獨有的文化遺產(chǎn)，其歷史可以追溯到2000多年前。Ashamedandfeelinglikeathief，shefinallygotthatthecookieswerenothersbutbelongedtothemansittingnexttoher.她感到羞愧，覺得自己像個小偷，最后才知道餅干不是她的，而是坐在她旁邊的那個人的。2.不及物動詞(短語)不能用于被動語態(tài)。常見的有：happen/takeplace/occur發(fā)生；remain剩下；breakout爆發(fā)；last持續(xù)；eout出版；eup被提出；loseheart失去信心；runout用完。Itisasadbutmonphenomenonthattrafficaccidentshappenfrequently，whichposesagreatthreattopeople'ssafety.交通事故頻繁發(fā)生是一個令人悲傷但又普遍的現(xiàn)象，它給人們的安全帶來了極大的威脅。Theweatherinsummerisunpredictable.Justnowitwassunny.Inaflash，lightningandthunderbrokeout，andthestormbegantorain.夏天的天氣真是變幻莫測。剛才還是晴空萬里，一霎時就電閃雷鳴，開始了狂風(fēng)暴雨?？键c6主動形式表示被動意義的五種用法1.“系動詞feel，sound，taste，look，smell，appear，seem，turn，stay，bee，get，grow，keep等＋形容詞/名詞”構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)時，常用主動形式表示被動意義。Itisknowntousthaticealwaysfeelscold.我們都知道冰摸起來總是涼的。2.當(dāng)sell，read，cut，wash，write，open，wear(磨損)，run(運轉(zhuǎn))，burn等不及物動詞后有狀語(well/easily等)修飾，用來表示主語的屬性、特征或功能時，常用主動形式表示被動含義。(1)Haveyouboughtthebookthatsellswellthesedays?你買了最近銷售得很好的那本書了嗎？(2)Thiskindofclothcleanseasily.這種布料容易清洗。3.need，want，require，deserve，bear等動詞的后面常用動詞ing形式表示被動意義，其含義相當(dāng)于動詞不定式的被動形式。Trafficsignaltimeneedsincreasing/tobeincreased，andinthatcase，morepedestriansandvehiclesareallowedtopassrespectively.交通信號的時間需要增加，這樣可以讓更多的行人和車輛分別通過。4.在“主語(人/物)＋be＋形容詞＋動詞不定式”中，動詞不定式的主動形式表示被動意義。這些形容詞有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。Somepartsofthescreenhavebeendamaged.Underthesecircumstances，Ifindithardtouseit.屏幕的一些部分已經(jīng)損壞，在這種情況下，我發(fā)現(xiàn)它很難用。5.betorent/blame主動形式表示被動意義。Whoistoblameforthemistake?誰應(yīng)為此錯誤承擔(dān)責(zé)任呢？考點7語法一致用法1.動詞不定式、動詞ing形式和名詞性從句作主語，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)。Listeningtomusicmakesmerelaxedafterabusyday.忙碌一天后，聽音樂能使我放松。[名師點津]what引導(dǎo)的從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)形式，但如果從句表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，則謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Whattheschoolneedsarequalifiedteachers.這所學(xué)校需要的是有資質(zhì)的老師。2.and，both...and...連接兩個不同的主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；但是如果由and連接的兩個名詞表示同一個人或物時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Herteacherandherfriendsareinthesittingroom.她的老師和朋友都在起居室。3.定語從句中關(guān)系代詞作主語時，從句中的謂語動詞要與先行詞保持一致。Myfriendshowedmearoundthetown，whichwasveryattractive.我的朋友帶我參觀了這個小鎮(zhèn)，這個小鎮(zhèn)非常迷人。4.“manya/morethanone＋單數(shù)名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。each，every，no所修飾的名詞作主語時，即使由and連接，謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)。ManyastudentknowssomethingaboutAbrahamLincoln.許多學(xué)生對亞伯拉罕·林肯都有所了解。EveryboyandeverygirlwishestoattendthepartytobeheldonSunday.每個男生和女生都希望參加周日舉行的聚會。5.如果主語后面有aswellas，with，alongwith，togetherwith，ratherthan，but，except，besides，including，inadditionto，inmonwith等詞加其他名詞時，謂語動詞的數(shù)要與前面的主語保持一致。Theteacher，aswellashisstudents，wasveryexcited.老師和學(xué)生都很興奮?？键c8就近一致用法1.由or，nor，either...or...，neither...nor...，notonly...but(also)...，not...but...等連接并列主語時，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)常和離它最近的主語保持一致。Notonlyhebutalsohisfamilyarekeenonconcerts.不僅他而且他的家人都熱衷于聽音樂會。2.therebe句型中，主語是兩個或多個并列名詞時，be的形式與其最鄰近的主語保持一致。Thereisaputerandthreechairsinmynewoffice.在我的新辦公室里有一臺電腦和三把椅子?？键c9意義一致用法1.集體名詞作主語時，若被看作一個整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；若被看作構(gòu)成集體的一個個成員，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。常見的集體名詞有：family，class，team，group，public，mittee，government，audience等。Thewholeclassaretoldtostaybehindafterschool.全班的學(xué)生被告知放學(xué)后留下。2.“分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)/themajority＋of＋名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于of后名詞的數(shù)以及其表示的意義；all，some，half，most，therest等作主語時，謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于主語實際表達(dá)的意義。Aboutonethirdofthebooksarewrittenbyhim.這些書中大約有三分之一是他寫的。3.“anumberof＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，意為“許多”；“thenumberof＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，意為“……的數(shù)量”。Anumberofcountrieshaveengagedinspacelectures.許多國家參與了空間講座。Thenumberofpeopleaskingtogothereisontheincrease.要求去那兒的人數(shù)在增加。4.表示時間、金錢、距離、重量等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時，通常被看作整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Threethousanddollarsisquitealotofmoneyforachild.3000美元對于一個孩子來說是一大筆錢。5.“the＋形容詞”表示一類人，在句中作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Thesickhavebeencuredandthelosthavebeenfound.患病的人被治愈，同時失蹤的人也被找到了。三、易錯題強化訓(xùn)練30題1.Overthepasttwoyears,theartist_________(create)morethan3000worksofart.2.paniesarebuyinginsuppliesofpaperincasetheprice_________(go)up.3.—Shallwemeetattheschoolgateat7:30tomorrowmorning?—Sorry,I_________(have)mybreakfastthen.Whatabout8:00?4.Sofar,asurveyoftheBritishdiet_________(reveal)thatagrowingnumberofpeopleareoverweight.5.Becausetheshop_________(close)down,alltheTshirtsareonsale.6.Ourtrain_________(leave)anhourlater,sowedon’thavetohurry.7.Overthenextfewweeks,wemadeittotheplaygroundeverdayand_________(stick)topractisingtogether.8.—ShallwegototheartexhibitionthisSunday?—Goodidea,butI_________(promise)togotothelibrarywithmysister.9.Thesongsoundsprofessional.Let’sgodownstairsandseewho_________(sing).10.Allthescientificevidence(show)thatincreasinguseofchemicalsinfarming_________(be)damagingourhealth.11.He_________(help)hisfatheronthefarmthewholeafternoonlastSaturday.12.Thescientist_________(refer)totheproblematleastthreetimesinhislastspeech.13.Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?Hesaidthattheearth_________(move)aroundthesun.14.Maryhasbeeninhospitalforaweek.Really?I_________(go)toseeherthisafternoon.15.AsTeachers’Day_________(approach),ourclassdecidedtoholdapartytocelebratetheimportantdayforachangethisyear.16.Asweallknow,theSpringFestival_________(fall)onthefirstdayofJanuaryintheChineselunarcalendar.17.Hereachedintohispocketand_________(withdraw)asheetofnotepaper.18.Thenewsofhisreleasecameassuchasurprisethathiswife_________(weep)forjoy.19.SheaskedmewhetherI_________(return)thebookstothelibrary,andIadmittedthatIhadn’t.20.Sincethenewtechnologywasintroduced,thenumberofworkersinthefactory_________(decline).21.Itwasthefourthtimeshe_________(shop)onlineforhours.22.Asanexchangestudent,notonly_________yougoodatwritinginEnglish,butalsoyoustudywellandliveahealthylife.23.Regardlessofthefactthatalargequantityofproblems_________(arise)sofar,heisdeterminedtogoonwiththeproject.24.—Areyoustillverybusy?—Yes,I_________(write)areportforthemanagerbutitwon’ttakelong.25.Itisreportedthatbytheendofthisyear,theimportofseafood_________(drop)byabout10%.26.Tothesouthofourlibrary_________(stand)ourclassroombuilding.27.Didyoupredictthatmanystudents_________