專業(yè)四級英語知識點(diǎn)

1.首卷語：《阿基拉和拼字嬉戲》里的一段話Ourdeepestfearisnotthatweareinadequate,ourdeepestfearisthatwearepowerfulbeyondmeasure,weaskourselves:whoamItobebrilliant,gorgeous,talentedandfabulousActually,whoareyounottobeYourplayingsmalldoesn'tservetheworld.WewereborntomakemanifestthegloryofGodthatiswithinus..--MarianneWilliamson――譯文：我們最深入的恐驚，不是我們的無能；我們最深入的恐驚，是我們的力氣無窮無盡。我們問自己，我就是那個天生麗質(zhì)、聰慧絕頂?shù)娜嗣?？事?shí)上，有什么你做不到的呢？我們生來就是要證明，自己有上帝給予的光線。2.虛擬語氣：ａ.與如今事實(shí)相反，從句的謂語用動詞過去式或were，主句的謂語用would(should)

+

動詞原形ifitwereraining,weshoulddelaythe…b.與過去事實(shí)相反,從句的謂語用had+過去分詞，主句的謂語用would(should)

have+

過去分詞ifithadrained,weshouldhavedelayedthesportsmeeting.c.與將來事實(shí)相反,從句的謂語用,動詞過去式，should

+動詞原形，或were

to

+

動詞原形；主句的謂語用would(should,

could,

might)+

動詞原形。Ifitwereto/shouldrain,wewoulddelaythemeeting.形容詞排序：熟記規(guī)則：大小形態(tài)和新老，顏色國際出（處）材料多個形容詞修飾同一名詞時的依次是固定的，其依次為：①冠詞、指示代詞、不定代詞、物主代詞+②序數(shù)詞+基數(shù)詞+③一般性描繪形容詞+④大小、長短、形態(tài)+齡、新舊+⑥顏色+⑦國籍、出處+⑧材料+⑨用處、類別+⑩最終修飾的名詞或動名詞。例如：abeautifullittleredflower一朵美麗的小花。thosefourold-looking,grey,woodenhouses所以這個翻譯題我有一個中國制造木制紅色的大的園桌子可以翻譯成Ihaveabig,round,red,Chinesewoodendinningtable.請你記住Opshacomexample:anicelongnewblackBritishplasticpenop代表opinion，指示人們觀點(diǎn)的形容詞，如beautiful，horrible，lovely，nice等；sh代表shape，指表示形態(tài)的形容詞，如long，short，round,narrow等；a代表age，指表示齡、時代的形容詞，如old，new，young等；c代表colour，指表示顏色的形容詞，如red,black,orange等；o代表origin，指表示國籍、地區(qū)的形容詞，如British，Canadian，German等；m代表material，指表示材料的形容詞，如plastic，metal，aluminum等op代表“美小圓舊黃，中國木書房”。注：“美”代表“描繪或性質(zhì)類”形容詞；“小”代表“大小、長短、凹凸、胖瘦類”形容詞；“圓”代表“形態(tài)類”形容詞；“舊”代表“新舊、齡類”形容詞；“黃”代表“顏色類”形容詞；“中國”代表“來源、國籍、地區(qū)、出處類”形容詞；“木”代表“物質(zhì)、材料、質(zhì)地類”形容詞；“書”代表“用處、類別、功能、作用類”形容詞；“房”代表“中心名詞”。例如：oldredbricktwobeautifulnewgreensilkeveningdress兩件又新又美麗的綠色絲綢女士晚禮服；thathungry,tired,sleepylittlematchgirl那個饑餓、疲憊、困倦的賣火柴的小女孩；anlargeoldbrickdininghall一個舊的紅磚砌的大餐廳。限定描繪大長高，形態(tài)齡和新老；顏色國籍跟材料，作用類別往后靠；其中，“限定詞”包括：冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、或數(shù)詞，它位于各類形容詞前。它本身分為三位，即：前、中、后。前位限定詞有all、half、both、分?jǐn)?shù)和倍數(shù)；中位限定詞有冠詞、指示代詞、物主代詞等；后位限定詞有基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞，但序數(shù)詞位于基數(shù)詞前。如:bothmyhands、allhalfhisincome等?！懊枥L”性形容詞如：beautiful、bad、cold、great等?！按箝L高”表示大小、長短、凹凸等一些詞。表示“形態(tài)”的詞如：roundsquare等。“國籍”指一個國家或地區(qū)的詞?！安牧稀钡脑~如：wooden,woolen,stone,silk等?！白饔妙悇e”的詞如：medical,college，writingdesk，policecar等情態(tài)動詞：didn'tneedtodo：過去不必做某事,事實(shí)上也沒做needn'thavedone：過去不必做某事,但事實(shí)上做了musthavedone:對過去確定做過某事推想couldn'thavedone:過去發(fā)生的事情"不行能已經(jīng)"couldhavev-ed表示推想過去某動作“很可能”發(fā)生了may/mighthavev-ed表示推想過去某事“或許”發(fā)生了。shouldhavev-ed和oughtnotto/shouldn’t’thavev-ed用于對已發(fā)生的狀況表示“責(zé)怪”、“不滿”，分別表示“本應(yīng)當(dāng)…”和“本不應(yīng)當(dāng)…”①usedto+v意為“過去常?！?，“過去始終”；heusedtolivehere.他始終住這.②beusedto+v-ing/n（名詞）意為“習(xí)慣于”；IamusedtolivingwithmygrandmawhenIwasalittlegirl.③beusedto+v意為“被用來（做某事）”woodisusedtomakepaper.5.英語倍數(shù)表達(dá)法1."A+be+倍數(shù)+as+計(jì)量形容詞原級+as+B".2."A+be+倍數(shù)+計(jì)量形容詞比擬級+than+B3."A+be+倍數(shù)+the+計(jì)量名詞+of+B"4."The+計(jì)量名詞+of+A+be+倍數(shù)+that+of+B6.such和so的用法so+adj.such+a(n)+n.so+adj.+a(n)+n.such+n.(pl.)so+adj.+n.(pl.)such+n.(pl.)so+adj.+n.[不行數(shù)]such+n.[不行數(shù)]7.MorethanMorethan＋名詞”表示“多于……”、“不僅是Sheismorethanawriter.Morethan＋數(shù)詞”含“以上”或“不止”之意shehasmorethan3apples.Morethan＋形容詞”等于“很”或“特別”的意思Sheismorethanbeautiful.More...than...”中，確定“more”后面的而否認(rèn)“than”后面的，約等于“是……而不是……”Sheismoreacomposerthanasinger.morethan”或“More...than...”＋含“can”的分句時表示“否認(rèn)意Nomore...than...”表示“不……；不如……”Nomore…...than...”的語義，也可用“notanymorethan...”來取代8.一些含有假設(shè)、猜測、建議等意思的動詞后面的賓語從句要用should+原形動詞結(jié)構(gòu),should往往可以省略。advice,arrange,command,demand,desire,insist,order,propose,require,request,suggest等9.反意疑問句1）陳述局部的主語是I’m，疑問局部要用aren'tI。例如：I'mastallasyoursister,aren'tI我跟你姐一樣高，對嗎？2）陳述局部的謂語是wish，疑問局部要用may+主語。例如:Iwishtohaveawordwithyou,mayI我想與你說句話，行嗎？3）★陳述局部用no,nothing,nobody,never,few,seldom,hardly,rarely,little等否認(rèn)含義的詞時，疑問局部用確定含義。例如：Someplantsneverblown（開花）,dothey有些植物從不開花，對嗎？★當(dāng)陳述句含有un-,dis-,in-,-less等否認(rèn)詞綴時,疑問局部用否認(rèn)含義4）含有oughtto的反意疑問句，陳述局部是確定的，疑問局部用shouldn't/oughtn't+主語。例如：Heoughttoknowwhattodo,oughtn'the/shouldn'the他應(yīng)當(dāng)知道該做什么，對嗎？5）陳述局部有haveto+v.（hadto+v.），疑問局部常用don't+主語（didn't+主語）。例如Wehavetogetthereateighttomorrow,don'twe我們要在明天早上八點(diǎn)到達(dá)那兒，是嗎？6）陳述局部的謂語是usedto時，疑問局部用didn't+主語或usedn't+主語。例如：Heusedtotakepicturesthere,didn'the/usedn'the他以前常在那兒拍照，是嗎？7）陳述局部有hadbetter+v.疑問句局部用hadn'tyou例如：You'dbetterreaditbyyourself,hadn'tyou你最好自己去讀，好嗎？8）陳述局部有wouldrather+v.，疑問局部多用wouldn't+主語。例如：Hewouldratherreadittentimesthanreciteit,wouldn'the他寧可讀十遍也不情愿背誦，是嗎？9）陳述局部有You'dliketo+v.疑問局部用wouldn't+主語。例如：You'dliketogowithme,wouldn'tyou你想和我們一塊去，對嗎？10）★陳述局部有must的疑問句，疑問局部依據(jù)實(shí)際狀況而定。以下例子是當(dāng)must作推想時解,例如：Hemustbeadoctor,isn'the他確定是醫(yī)生，是嗎？YoumusthavestudiedEnglishforthreeyears,haven'tyou/didn'tyou你確定讀過三英語，對嗎？Hemusthavefinishedityesterday,didn'the他確定是在昨天完成任務(wù)的，是嗎？★當(dāng)must作”必需,必要”時解,反意疑問句仍用”mustn’t或needn’tHemuststudyhardatEnglish,mustn’t/needn’the11）感慨句中，疑問局部一律用否認(rèn)形式,benot+主語。例如：Whatcolors,aren'tthey多美麗的顏色，是嗎？12）陳述局部由neither…nor,either…or連接的并列主語時，疑問局部依據(jù)其實(shí)際邏輯意義而定。NeitheryounorIamengineer,arewe你不是工程師，我也不是，對嗎？13）陳述局部主語是指示代詞或不定代,主語從句,不定式,everything,that,nothing,this,疑問局部主語用it。例如：Everythingisready,isn'tit一切就緒，是嗎？14）陳述局部為主語從句或并列復(fù)合句，疑問局部有三種狀況：a.并列復(fù)合句疑問局部，謂語動詞依據(jù)鄰近從句的謂語而定。例如：Mr.SmithhadbeentoBeijingforseveraltimes,andheshouldhavebeeninChinanow,shouldn'the史密斯先生曾幾次去過北京，按理說他如今應(yīng)當(dāng)在中國，是嗎？b.帶有定語從句，賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句，疑問局部謂語依據(jù)主句的謂語而定。例如：HesaidtheywantedtovisitJapan,didn'the他說他想去日本看看，他是那樣說的嗎？c.陳述局部主句為第一人稱，謂語是think,believe,expect,suppose,imagine等引導(dǎo)的定語從句，疑問局部與賓語從句相對應(yīng)構(gòu)成反意疑問句。例如：Idon'tthinkheisbright,ishe我認(rèn)為他并不聰慧，是嗎？15）陳述局部主語是不定代詞everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,noone等，疑問局部常用復(fù)數(shù)they，有時也用單數(shù)he。例如：Everyoneknowstheanswer,don'tthey（doeshe）人人都知道答案，是這樣吧？Nobodyknowsaboutit,dothey（doeshe）沒人知道這件事，是吧？16）帶情態(tài)動詞dare或need的反意疑問句，疑問局部常用need（dare）+主語。例如：Weneednotdoitagain,needwe我們不必重做一遍，是嗎？Hedarenotsayso,darehe他不敢這樣說，是嗎？當(dāng)dare,need為實(shí)義動詞時，疑問局部用助動詞do+主語。例如：Shedoesn'tdaretogohomealone,doesshe她不敢單獨(dú)回家，是嗎？17）祈使句的反意疑問句，疑問局部用willyou。例如：Don'tdothatagain,willyou別再這樣做，好嗎？Gowithme,willyou/won'tyou跟我走吧，好嗎？留意：Let's開頭的祈使句，后用shallweLetus開頭的祈使句，后用willyouLetme開頭的祈使句,后用”willyou,won’tyou,mayI”例如：Let'sgoandlistentothemusic,shallwe一起去聽音樂，好嗎？Letuswaitforyouinthereading-room,willyou你讓我們在閱覽室等你，好嗎？Letmehelpyou,mayI18）陳述局部是"therebe"構(gòu)造的，疑問局部用there省略主語代詞。例如：Thereissomethingwrongwithyourwatch,isn'tthere你的表有問題，對不對？Therewillnotbeanytrouble,willthere不會有費(fèi)事吧，是嗎？19）must在表"推想"時，依據(jù)其推想的狀況來確定反意疑問句。例如：Hemustbetherenow,isn'the他如今確定在那兒，是吧？Itmustbegoingtoraintomorrow,won'tit明天確定要下雨，是嗎？21)當(dāng)陳述句前用so開頭,反意疑問句用”同向疑問”方式如:Soyouaregettingmarried,areyou22.AistoBwhatCistoDA對B就像C對D一樣10.高頻詞組agreesbagreewithsb同意某人的話,意見sthagreewithsb某物,某事適應(yīng)某人agreetosb建議agreeonsth在某一點(diǎn)上獲得一樣意見agreeupsth在某一點(diǎn)上獲得一樣意見agreetodosth同意干某事breakvt.打破;損壞;破壞Weshouldalltakealittlebreakbeforedessert.吃甜點(diǎn)之前我們大家應(yīng)當(dāng)略微休息一下。breakdown機(jī)器壞了=gowrong身體垮了/終止談話/使安康、精神崩潰Ihadneverseenagrownmanbreakdownandcry.我從未曾看到過一個這么強(qiáng)壯的漢子痛哭失聲。breakin闖入,插話breakoff突然停頓講話/斷絕,完畢/暫停工作,休息breakout(斗爭等)爆發(fā);逃出(無被動式)breakthrough打破包圍breakup驅(qū)散,學(xué)校的放學(xué)Thepolicehadtoemployforcetobreakupthecrowd.警察不得不運(yùn)用武力驅(qū)散人群。breakawayfrom脫離,逃說,與...斷絕來往/變更某種習(xí)慣bringvt.拿來;帶來;取來I'llbringsomeofmypicturesintothegallery.我就帶一些我的攝影到藝?yán)葋?。bringabout=cause,resultin,leadtobringdown使倒下,使下降bringforce使產(chǎn)生,引起bringforward提出建議=putforward/提早bringin=getinthepops/使得到某種收入Mr.Li:Oh…wouldyoukindlyallowmetobringinh…wouldyoukindlyallowmetobringinthecivetdurianItisthefavoriteofmysister.bringbacktoone'smind使回想起bringupsb撫養(yǎng)某人bringupsth提出bringup嘔吐bringtoanend完畢=cometoanendcallvt.叫喊;打給…I'llcalltherollbeforeclass.課前我要點(diǎn)名。callonsb探望,號召callat訪問(某人的家);(火車、船)?？縞allfor須要Andthere'saphonecallforyou,Mr.Bennett.Bennett先生有你的。callforsb去接某人一起去做某事calloff取消(支配,競賽)callout(callout+tosb.)大聲地叫callupsb打callin請進(jìn)來We'llcallinacoupleofdays.我們兩三天後打。carryvt.攜帶;運(yùn)載;傳送AnothergenerationtocarryontheStewartname.這是承繼Stewart家族香火的新一代。carryout進(jìn)展究竟,貫徹執(zhí)行4)Tomorrow,Sandrawillcarryoutthegarbage.明天珊多拉將會整理垃圾的。carryout是成就、完成的慣用語,但在此地,一看便知并非這種意思?？砂阉胂笞鰪膹N房把garbage運(yùn)到外面去。carryon進(jìn)展下去,堅(jiān)持下去AnothergenerationtocarryontheStewartname.這是承繼Stewart家族香火的新一代。carryaway拿走,入迷,被...吸引carryforward推動,發(fā)揚(yáng)(精神)carryoff搶走,奪走/獲得獎品carrythrough進(jìn)展究竟,完成支配carrysbthrough使...渡過難關(guān)catchvt.捉;抓住vi.接住Wedidn'tcatchanything.我們什么也沒有釣著。catchup趕上33.Heshuthimselfawayforamonthtocatchuponhisacademicwork.他與世隔絕一個月,力圖把功課趕上去。catchon勾住,絆倒catchat想抓住Adrowningmanwillcatchatastraw.溺水者見草也要抓;急何能擇。becaughtintherain被雨淋catchupwith趕上某人,補(bǔ)上工作cleara.澄澈[晰]的vt.去除Itissaiditwillclearuptonight.天氣預(yù)報(bào)說今晚雨就會停。clearup(天氣)轉(zhuǎn)晴,澄清事實(shí),整理整理Itissaiditwillclearuptonight.天氣預(yù)報(bào)說今晚雨就會停。clearaway去除掉,去掉,消散clearoff消退(積雪)等障礙,把...拆掉,擦掉,去除comevi.到來;變得;到達(dá)MayIcomein我能進(jìn)來嗎？comeacross偶爾發(fā)覺,偶爾遇到comeon快點(diǎn)(口),開場,到來,實(shí)行,走吧,一起去Oh,comeonnow.噢別這樣了。comeat向...撲過來,向...攻擊7.Wemaycomeatanothertime.我們可以另找個時間來。comedown倒下,(溫度,價格)下降,病倒comeforward涌現(xiàn),主動地響應(yīng)要求做某事comein進(jìn)來,上市Andhaveyouhadanengineercomeintodoaninspection你們可有一個工程師來做過檢查嗎comefrom來自于IcomefromJapan.我來自日本。comeout出來,動身,結(jié)果DidMitchellJohnson'sreviewcomeoutyetMitchellJohnson的評論出來了沒有cometo醒悟,總共,到達(dá),得到諒解Whenwillhecometoseeyou他什么時候來看你？comeupsb走進(jìn)comeup種子生長發(fā)育,被提出andI'llcomeupwithsomething.我會想出個方法的。cometoone'srescuers扶植cometrue實(shí)現(xiàn)Iknow,butit'sstilladreamcometrue.我知道但這終究是一個幻想實(shí)現(xiàn)了。cutv.割,切,削減,切斷theycutpatches剪下布塊cutsthinhalf把...砍成兩半cutaway切除Hecutawayadeadbranch.他砍掉一根枯干的樹枝。cutthrough走近路,剌穿cutdown砍倒,削減,壓縮(開支)cutoff切斷(關(guān)系,來往）,中止(,思維)3.Hewascutofffromhisfellows.他和同伴失去聯(lián)絡(luò)。cutout刪掉/改掉(惡習(xí)),停頓inashortcut竅門dov.aux.助動詞(無詞意)WhatdoyoucallthisinEnglish這個用英語怎么說？dowith涉及到Whatareyougoingtodowiththebooks你準(zhǔn)備拿這些書怎么辦？doupone'shair盤起長發(fā)doupsth包/捆起來doout清掃,整理doawaywith=getridof廢除,去掉,取消dievi.死亡;枯死;熄滅IwilldiebeforeI'lleatthatcarrot.假如要我吃胡蘿卜,我寧愿去死。dirfrom因饑渴,斗爭,被污染的意外死亡dieoff因老,疾病而死亡dieaway聲音變?nèi)?漸漸消逝/停息,消逝diedown漸漸地熄滅(風(fēng),火)dieout熄滅,變?nèi)?消逝,滅亡(動物)fallvi.落下;跌倒;陷落tofall墜下,掉下fallasleep去睡覺=gotosleepfallill病了335.Becarefulnottofallill．留意不要生病了。fallacross遇見(偶爾)fallback后退,后撤fallbehind落后,跟不上fallin集合/陷入29.Thenecessaryoutcomeofawarisafallinproduction.斗爭帶來的必定結(jié)果就是消費(fèi)力下降。fallinto陷入+名詞Afallintoapit,againinyourwit.吃一塹,長一智。falloff削減,從...摔下來tofalloffabench從長椅上掉下來fallon看到,落在...上面fallshortof缺乏falloutof放棄getvi.變得,成為;到達(dá)Whendoyougetupeveryday每天你幾點(diǎn)起床？getabout到處走,消息的傳開Don'tforgetaboutthebet.別忘了打賭的事。getacross穿過,講清晰使人理解,領(lǐng)悟Thechildrenbegantogetacrossateachother.孩子們開場爭吵了。getaway逃掉,分開,擺脫1.Ihopetogetawayearlyinthemorning.我盼望一早就動身分開。getdown從…下來,寫下來,登記來,病了/使某人擔(dān)心It'stimetogetdowntobusinessnow.是進(jìn)入正題的時候啦。getalongwithsth進(jìn)展得getalongwithsb相處getin進(jìn)去,進(jìn)站,收進(jìn)來,收帳Yeah.Yeah.Let'sgetinourlines.是啊是啊。請排好位置。getoff分開,下車Youcantakethebusandgetoffatthesecondstop.你可以坐公共汽車第二站下。geton上車157.Don'tgetonmynerves!（不要攪得我心煩。）getout拔出,傳開Ineedtogetoutmore.我須要多出門去。getover克制(困難),從病中復(fù)原過來,不接fromYes,Iknow,buthe'llgetoverit.是的我知道過一下就會好的。getaround=spread傳開getthrough完成,通過,用完,從人群中通過,接通11.IttookusonlyafewminutestogetthroughtheCustoms.我們的海關(guān)檢查只花了幾分鐘時間。getto到達(dá),抓住問題的要害,本質(zhì)Excuseme,howcanIgettothebusstation對不起,汽車站怎么走？gettogether聚會,聯(lián)歡92.Let'sgettogetheroneofthesedays.（找一天聚聚。）getinaword籌劃getintotrouble陷入getridoff擺脫,去掉givevt.給出,給予,發(fā)生Ifyouhavemore,pleasegivemesome.假如你有多的,請給我。giveaway分發(fā),贈送,頒發(fā),背叛,出賣,暴露givein屈從giveoff放出(氣體,光)Thoseflowerslookprettybutdon'tgiveoffanicesmell.這些花看似美麗,但是氣味并不好。giveout使人力倦神疲Somerestaurantsgiveoutanodorthatreachestothestreet.一些餐廳里面的氣味飄到了街上。odor是指比scent更濃更清晰的味道。giveup放棄,停頓做某事Heresolvedtogiveupsmoking．他決心戒煙。giveover讓位于=givewayto被取代giveawayto被取代giveriseto引起,導(dǎo)致Frommutualunderstanding,acomfortablesituationhasbeencreation.由于彼此的理解,因此建立了開心的關(guān)系。create除了"創(chuàng)建"以外,還有"giveriseto,cause"的意思。govi.分開;挪動;運(yùn)行Ihavetogonow.我必需走了。gobad變壞;變酸;腐敗gored變紅gohungry挨餓gowrong出錯;發(fā)生故障goabout隨意走/進(jìn)展33.Couldyoupleaseinformmehowtogoaboutcontactingalawyer請您告知我怎樣去聯(lián)絡(luò)律師？goafter追逐goahead說吧,走吧,做吧(口語),走在前面Good.nowwecangoaheadandwriteuptheorder.好極了,如今我們可以準(zhǔn)備下單了。goat從事于gobeyond超出Itcangobeyondtheschoolsystem,Ellen.這可以推廣到學(xué)校體制以外Ellen。goby=pass經(jīng)過,過去76.Heletaweekgobybeforeansweringtheletter.他一周以后才回信。godown下降I'llgodowntoHenry'sgrocery.He'salwaysopen.我到亨利雜貨店去。那里總是開門營業(yè)的gointo進(jìn)入Yes,you'reright.Afterall,sheissmartenoughtogointobusiness.是啊,你說的對。終歸,她完全有經(jīng)商才智。gooff消逝,腐敗,壞的goout(火)熄滅,過時了,罷工Whynotgooutforawalk干嗎不出去漫步？goover復(fù)習(xí),檢查togoovertotheconstructionsitewithme去看一看建筑工地嗎gothrough批閱/經(jīng)驗(yàn)了(苦痛,困難),完成Wouldyouliketogothroughourfactorysometime什么時候來看看我們的工廠吧？goup進(jìn)步,上漲(價格)Icangouptothelodgeforsomehotdogsanddrinks.我可以到那邊小屋去弄些熱狗和飲料來。riseup起來抗拒Hethatliesdown(sleeps)withdogsmustriseupwithfleas.與惡人交終會變惡;近朱者赤,近墨者黑。goaround安排,傳播,傳開OK,let'sgoaroundthetable.好讓我們順著桌子來。goallouttodosth全力以赴去做某事gobackto追溯到…I'llworkfor5yearsandthengobacktoschool.我會工作五,然后會學(xué)校。gowith相配=match=goalongwithTheyhadexceptedmetogowiththem.他們本來盼望我和他們一起去。gowellwith協(xié)調(diào)Salesgirl:Sure.Wehavebothskirtsandtrousersthatwouldgowellwiththesweater.Looktothissection.女店員：當(dāng)然。我們有裙子和長褲都可以配那件毛衣?？纯催@邊。gotoofar太過分了,走太遠(yuǎn)了holdvt.懷有,持有(見解等)No,therestaurantwillholdourtable.不會餐廳會保存我們的席位。holdup主持,耽誤,延誤,接著下去,拿起holdback阻擋,忍住,保存,隱瞞holddown限制,鎮(zhèn)壓=putdownholdoff延誤,保持間隔,使"疏遠(yuǎn)"holdon堅(jiān)持下去,停頓,別掛()Hegavethemtometoholdontothem他給我戒指要我自己保管holdout堅(jiān)持到成功,支持,維持,伸出holdto堅(jiān)持某個看法（路途）,緊緊地抓住OK,holdtotheright.好在右邊停住。huntvt.追獵;追逐vi.打獵Hethatwillhaveaharetobreakfastmusthuntovernight.早餐想吃野兔肉,頭晚就須去捕獲。huntfor找尋huntout找出來huntthrow翻找keepvt.保存,保持;留住WekeepintouchwitheachotherbyEmailsinceheleftChina.他分開中國以后,我們用Email保持聯(lián)絡(luò)。keepto堅(jiān)持某種習(xí)慣,遵循,靠(左右)InEnglandtrafficmustkeeptotheleft.在英國,車輛必需靠左行駛。keepback留在后面,阻擋,忍住keepdown限制,下降,縮減開支keepoff避開,遠(yuǎn)離,讓開keepout使其等在外面,不讓進(jìn)入keepup保持,維持,鼓足志氣keepsbfromdoing阻擋某人做某事keepsthfromsb把某事瞞著某人keepupwith跟上knockvi.&vt.&n.敲,擊,打Whydon'tyouknockitoff為什么不把它關(guān)掉？knockintosb撞到某人身上;偶爾遇到knocksthdown降低價格,撤除,縮減開支knockoff下班,停工,很快地寫出文章knocksbup匆忙做飯,敲門把某人叫醒,使某人疲乏knockat敲(門)6.Yherewasaknockatthedoor.Itwasthesecondtimesomeonehadinterruptedmethatevening.（有人敲門,那是那天晚上打攪我的第二個。）knocksbup把某人叫醒knowvt.知道;相識;通曉DoyouknowwhereI'veputmyglasses你知道我把眼鏡擱哪兒了嗎？knowabout理解,知道狀況HowmuchdoyouknowabouttheworksofGeorgeEliot喬治·艾略特的作品你知道多少？knowof聽說,知道為什么beknowforsth以...知名asknowntoall眾所周知layvt.放,支配,鋪設(shè),覆蓋andlaythemfacedown.將牌蓋住。layaside放在…一邊,積蓄laydown放下,制定支配layemphasisonsth強(qiáng)調(diào)laydownone'slifefor為...獻(xiàn)誕生命layout布置;設(shè)計(jì)layoff辭退leavev.分開，留下leavealone不要管(某人),不要碰(某物)leavebehind遺留,遺志leaveoff(使)停頓;中斷l(xiāng)eaveout刪掉,漏掉leaveover剩下的,短暫不去解決的layin積蓄,儲蓄36.Wehavetoplayinsidebecauseitisraining.因?yàn)樘煜掠?我們不得不在屋里玩。letvt.容許,使得,假設(shè)Rose,letmeintroducemyfriendtoyou.羅斯,讓我介紹一下我的摯友。letalone不要管,不碰,更不用說letdown放下(窗簾),悲觀letoff燃放鞭炮,放掉蒸汽,放過某人letout放掉氣,發(fā)出響聲,泄露lookv.看,期盼n.外觀,神色Yes,butyoulookasprettynow,asyoudidthen.但你看起來還是則美麗。lookafter照料61.It'sverynobleofyoutolookaftermyoldgrandmotherwhenIwasoutforbusiness.你心地真好,在我出差期間照看我邁的外婆。lookat看MayIhavealookatthewatch我能看看這塊表嗎？lookback回憶lookin順便來訪=dropinIdon'tknow.YoumaylookintheTVGuide.我不知道,你可以看看《電視報(bào)》。lookintosth調(diào)查,理解某事,閱讀(書報(bào))lookonas把...看作...lookout留神,留神,向外看lookaround到處看Well...youmindifIlookaround嗯……你們不介意我到處瞧瞧lookover批閱,翻閱Yes,sowehadbetterlookoveryourspecifications.是的,所以我們最好先把您的規(guī)格說明細(xì)看一遍。lookthrough閱讀,細(xì)致地檢查lookto負(fù)責(zé),留意Themorewomenlookintheirglass,thelesstheylooktotheirhouse.婦女照鏡越多,照管家務(wù)就越少。lookup(從詞典中)找出,天氣轉(zhuǎn)變,物價上漲,仰視tolookup仰視lookuptosb敬重某人lookdownonsb輕視某人lookdownuponsb輕視某人lookforward期盼IlookforwardtoseeingyouandHarryandMichelle.我等著見Harry和Michelle。maken.(產(chǎn)品)來源vt.制造It'sreallyhardtomakeadecision.挺難做確定的。makefor有助于,向…走過去makeout辯認(rèn)出,理解,開(寫)支票,假裝makeup構(gòu)成Iamoldenoughtomakeupmyownmind.我已經(jīng)長大了,可以自己拿辦法了。makeupfor補(bǔ)償makeupof由...組成makephoneof訕笑,和某人開玩笑makethebestof充分利用makecertain弄清晰makeupone'smind確定,下決心makeupone'sminds決心,下決心maketea泡茶801.Sheintendstomaketeachingherprofession.她想以教書為職業(yè)。makecoffee沖咖啡makeoff逃跑,匆忙分開opena.開的;開放的vt.開Doestheshopopenat9amonweekdays這家店平日是早上9點(diǎn)開門嗎？opentothepublic向公眾開放Thetowngardensareopentothepublicfromsunrisetothesunsetdaily.市立公園每天從早到晚對公眾開放。opentraffic通車openinto門翻開后通向opento道路通向Theroadbridgeisnowopentotraffic.這座馬路橋如今開放通行。openup開墾openfireonsb.向某人開火openout翻開,轉(zhuǎn)開passv.通過n.經(jīng)過;通行證Evenifyoutaketheexamagain,youwon'tpassit.就算再考一次你也通不過。passaway消磨(時間)topassaway去世,死（委婉的說法）passby從某人身邊經(jīng)過,過去304.Don'tletchancespassby．不要讓機(jī)遇從我們身邊溜走。passoff消逝,順當(dāng)?shù)剡M(jìn)展passfor冒充,假扮passon傳下去passthrough經(jīng)驗(yàn)Wedon'tlikethemtopassthroughhere.我們不盼望汽車通過這里。pickn.風(fēng)鎬;牙簽v.鑿;摘;選擇Ipickupmysisterfromherschool.我到學(xué)校接妹妹。pickout選擇,認(rèn)出(某人),領(lǐng)悟pickup撿起來,中途把某人裝上車,復(fù)原安康Ipickupmysisterfromherschool.我到學(xué)校接妹妹。pullv.拖,拔,扯n.牽引topullatrailer拖汽車房屋（電影中常常見到）pulldown拆掉,推掉,使身體虛弱,使價格降低pulloff脫衣帽pulloffaplan實(shí)現(xiàn)支配pullout拔出,分開,度過難關(guān),復(fù)原安康topulloutofthegarage從車庫開車出來pullthrow渡過難關(guān),使從病中復(fù)原過來pullup車子停下,拔起(樹、草)putv.放;挪動;使穿過;寫DoyouknowwhereI'veputmyglasses你知道我把眼鏡擱哪兒了嗎？putaway放下,收起來,把…放在原位595.Hehasanicesumofmoneyputaway．他存了一大筆錢。putaside把放在...留出(時間),備用putback放在原處,推延,延期52.Whentheothershadgone,Maryremainedandputbackthefurniture.當(dāng)其別人走了之后,瑪麗留下來,將家具放回原處。putdown鎮(zhèn)壓,寫下來Heputdownhisglass.他放下杯子。putforward提出,提早,供應(yīng)putin提交,申請(+for)Allisnotgainthatisputinthepurse.裝進(jìn)錢包里的不確定都是正值的收入。putoff推延,延期,消除,關(guān)上71.Neverputofftilltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday.今日事今日畢。puton穿上,上演putonabitofmakeup.我化一點(diǎn)妝。putthrough接通putout撲滅,關(guān)燈,消費(fèi),出版Farwaterdoesnotputoutnearfire.遠(yuǎn)水救不了近火。putup張貼,留某人過夜,建立ifwecanputupsomecollateral.假如我們能供應(yīng)擔(dān)保物的話putintoproduction把...投入消費(fèi)putintouse投入運(yùn)用putone'sheartinto一心一意投入runv.(使)跑n.賽跑;路途HecanrunasfastasJim.他跑的和吉姆一樣快。runacross穿過(跪道),偶爾遇到runafter追逐torunafterthegentleman追求紳士runaway逃走,失去限制torunawayfromhissister從他姐姐那兒逃走（發(fā)生了什么事情？）rundown身體虛弱,電用完了runintosb遇到某人runfor競選Whyshouldn'tyourunforwhat,Mom為什么不該競選什么媽媽runout用完Well,IsupposeI'verunoutofexcuses.噢我想我再也找不出籍口了。runover匆忙閱讀runthrough穿過,匆忙看一下,做完Let'sjustrunthroughtheargumentsforandagainst.我們來看一下贊成和反對的理由。runariskof=attheriskof冒...險runafever發(fā)燒runshortof缺乏seevt.看見;遇見;看出Hello.CanIseeMr.Green你好,我能見格林先生嗎？seesboff為某人送行,辭退seeintosth調(diào)查,理解某事seeabout負(fù)責(zé)處理5.I'llhavetoseeaboutthat.這事兒我得想一想再定。seethrough看穿某人seesththrough進(jìn)展究竟seetogetthat務(wù)必要sendvt.vi.送,寄發(fā);派遣Tomakeitfast,youcansendafax.要想快點(diǎn)的話就發(fā)個。sendfor派某人去請,去叫某人sendoff發(fā)出,寄出sendsboff=seesb.off為某人送行,辭退sendout發(fā)出,放射sendin交上去,遞送sendon轉(zhuǎn)交Icansendoneforyoutotry.我們可以寄個給你試用。setvi.(日,月)落,vt.放WearegoingupstairstosetupGrandpa'sroom.我們要上樓整理一下爺爺?shù)姆块g。setaboutsth著手做某事setaboutdoingsth著手做某事setout動身,開場做某事,陳述24.Afterseveraldelays,hefinallysetoutat8o'clock.幾經(jīng)耽誤,他最終在八點(diǎn)鐘動身了。setapart分別,流出setaside流出,宣布…無效Inthatcase,I'llhavesomesetasideforyou.既然這么說,我會為你留一些下來。setdown放下,寫下setoff動身setup建立WearegoingupstairstosetupGrandpa'sroom.我們要上樓整理一下爺爺?shù)姆块g。setfireto放火燒setanexamplefor為某人樹立典范startvi.跳起;動身;開場Whattimedoyoustartwork你什么時候開場工作？startfrom從...開場startwith就此開場toscheduleonehouraweek--tostartwith.支配一星期一個小時。startin開場startaftersb.追逐上某人startoff動身動身startout著手進(jìn)展startup開工,突然站起來attheverystart一開場takevt.消耗(時間);須要Iusedtotakeawalkintheearlymorning.我過去常一大早出去漫步。takeaway拿走,分開20.Iwanttotakeawaythebookwhichyoushowedmeyesterday.我想帶走你昨天給我看的那本書。takeback拿回來takebackone'swords收回(剛講的話)takeAforB把A誤認(rèn)為是Btakeinsth承受takeinsb欺瞞takeoff起飛,取消Beforegold,evenkingstakeofftheirhats.在黃金面前,國王也要脫帽。takeon呈現(xiàn),擔(dān)當(dāng)TheU.S.willtakeoneroute,theJapantakeother.美國和日本實(shí)行不同的新途徑。takeonsb雇用takeup占據(jù)(時間,地方),從事于takepridein=beproudof引以為豪taketurn輪番takeinturn依次takepainstodo努力做某事takeachance碰運(yùn)氣takealead帶頭takeeffect生效takechargeof負(fù)責(zé)takeone'sleave告辭thinkv.思索;認(rèn)為;想起Yes,Ithinkso.是的,我認(rèn)為是。thinkabout考慮,關(guān)切Whatdoyouthinkaboutit你對此怎么看？thinkof想起,記得,覺得怎樣Whatdoyouthinkoftheirskill你覺得他們演奏技術(shù)如何？thinkofas把...當(dāng)作...thinkover細(xì)致考慮thinkout想出,解決了,想清晰thinkbackto回想過去thinkwellof高度評價thinkhighlyof高度評價throwv.投射;摔倒n.投擲tothrowaplane拋（紙）飛機(jī)throwabout到處扔throwaway扔掉,奢侈(金錢),失去(時機(jī))throwback扔回來,阻擋,進(jìn)攻throwdown扔下來,推翻withinastonesthrowoff靠...很近throwin扔,扔進(jìn)throwinto扔,扔進(jìn)throwinawordortwo插一兩句話throwoff匆忙地脫掉,擺脫,扔掉throwoffone'sairs放下某人的架子throwon匆忙穿上throwout趕走Don'tthrowoutthebabywiththebathwater.切勿良莠不分一起拋。throwlighton供應(yīng)線索,有助理解某事throwone'sselfinto投入throwcoldwater潑冷水turnv.轉(zhuǎn)向,旋轉(zhuǎn)n.輪番Openyourbooksandturntopage20.翻開書,翻到第20頁。turnback翻回到+toturndown回絕,音量調(diào)低turnup音量調(diào)高,出席L:Youcanfillinthislostpropertyreport,andI'llkeepmyeyeoutforit.Thosekindsofthingsusuallyturnupeventually,butIsuggestyoucontactyourembassyandtellthemaboutyoursituation,sotheycanissueyouanewpassportincaseitdoesn'tshowup.管理員：你來填這張遺失報(bào)告表,我會替你留意的。像這樣的東西,最終總是會出現(xiàn)的。但我建議你跟你們的大使館聯(lián)絡(luò)并把你的情形告知他們。萬一你的護(hù)照找不到的話,他們會給你補(bǔ)發(fā)新護(hù)照的。turnin上交Pleaseturninyourpaperbeforeleaving.請?jiān)诜珠_前將論文交上。turnoneselfin自首turninto把...變成...,把...翻譯成...turnout結(jié)果是,制造出,消費(fèi)出,培育出,關(guān)(煤氣)50.Howdidthegameturnout球賽結(jié)果如何？turnover移交,把...打翻turnto轉(zhuǎn)向,求助于,翻到第幾頁Openyourbooksandturntopage20.turntosbforhelp求助于turnagainst背叛turnbyone's輪番,交替inone'sturn輪到某人做某事itisone'sturntodosth輪到某人做某事wearv.穿,戴,磨損,耐久Whatwillyouwearfortheparty晚會上你穿什么？wearsbout使某人精疲力盡wearsthout使某物被穿破wearoff漸漸地消逝掉,褪掉wearaway磨掉,(時間)消逝wearon(時間)消逝workvi.(機(jī)器等)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn);活動I'llworkforthenext5days.我要工作5天（從明天算起）workon從事于某項(xiàng)工作I'llworkonmycomputer.我要練電腦。workonaproblem從事于某項(xiàng)工作workout算出（總數(shù)）toworkoutasum算出總數(shù)帶來好結(jié)果；有預(yù)期的結(jié)果Thingswillworkthemselvesout.事情會有好結(jié)果的。運(yùn)動；熬煉toworkoutdailywithsparringpartner每天和拳擊陪練員練習(xí)Icouldworkoutinyourclasswithnoproblem.假如我去你的班上做運(yùn)動確定不會覺得有問題。（礦山）開采完，采盡workat在做...Istartworkat8o'clock.我八點(diǎn)開場工作。workinwith協(xié)作workup準(zhǔn)備workin編進(jìn)去Yes.I'madesigner,andIworkinaboutique.是的我是位設(shè)計(jì)師我在一家服裝店工作。Writingskills1、常用與開頭的短語、句式（1）withthe（rapidly）growingpopularityof（computers/privatecars）inChina，thequalityofourliveshasbeenconsiderablychanged。（2）Withthe（rapid）growthof（oureconomy/population），manyproblemssuchas（watershortages/wasteofenergy/lackofprofessionalsandchaoticmanagement）arebeginningtosurface（3）Withthedevelopmentof（scienceandtechnology/marketeconomy），moreandmore/anincreasingnumberofpeoplecometorealizethat…（4）Currentlythereisawidespread/seriousconcernover(illegalpublication/drugabuse/negativeinfluenceofwesterncultures).（5）Nowadays,aheateddebated/discussionabout…isunderwayinChina.somepeoplebelievethat…,whereasothersarguethat…（6）Therearesomereasonsforowning(privatecars/personalcomputers).Tobeginwith,…Next,…Last,…Thereare,ontheotherhand,manyreasonsagainstit,First,…Second,…Finally,…（7）Therearemanyadvantagesanddisadvantagesin(owningacar).（8）Therearevarious/atleastthreeways/possibletechniques/problems/methodstodosomething（9）Smoking/Alcoholicbeverageshouldbebannedfromcollegecampusesfortoereasons.Thefirstreasonisthat…Thesecondreasonisthat…/Ontheonehand,…Ontheotherhand,…（10）Thepossiblesolutionsof(theenergycrisis/watershortages/thesesocialproblems)dependonthreefactors…（11）Thetowmajorreasonsresponsiblefor(therapideconomicgrowth/thewidespreadoffakeproducts)are…2．常用于結(jié)尾的短語、句式（1）Itishopedthatweshouldplacemuchemphasison/paymoreattentionto。。。（2）Toconclude，wecanseethat（thebestway/thepossiblesolution）is。。。（3）Inshort，（shortagesofwater，decreaseoffertilefieldsandenvironmentalpollution）arethemajorproblemstobesolvedto（increaserainproduction）。（4）Inordertomakeourworldabetterplaceinwhichtoliveweshouldmakegreateffortsto。。。（5）Inaword，therearethreesuggestionswemustfollow，onlyinthiswaycanwe（achieveagreatsuccess）。（6）Itistimeforustotakeanactivepartin。。。（7）Letusworkhandinhandinhandto（solvethesesocialproblems）3．陳述或論證觀點(diǎn)、看法（view，point，opinion）、緣由（reason、cause）、方法、手段、措施、步驟。。。。。。（method，means，measures，step。。。）、因素（factor）、利弊、優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)（advantage，disadvantage）時常用的詞語、句式：（1）引述段落提出問題時常用的句式、詞語：。。。。的緣由有很多。Therearemanyreasonswhy。。。。。。。的緣由如下；Thereasonswhy。。。areasfollows我的看法是。。。。Myopinionisthat（2）綻開段落論證時常用的句式、詞語：①、第一層次（首先）First，F(xiàn)irstly，Inthefirstplace，F(xiàn)irstofall，Tobeginwith，F(xiàn)oronething。我的第一理由是。。。Myfirstreasonisthat。。。主要因素是。。。。Themainfactoristhat。。。②第二層次（其次）Second，Secondly，IntheSecondplace，Next，Then，F(xiàn)oranother，另一種方法是。。。Anothermeansof。。。istodo。。第二種解決方法是。。。thesecondsolutionisthat。。。③第三層次（第三點(diǎn)）Third，thirdly，besides，inaddition，furthermore，whatismoreimportant（3）總結(jié)性段落常用句式、詞語：最終一點(diǎn)last，lastly，finally，inthelastplace，lastofall，inshort，inbrief簡言之inaword，insummary，tosumup總之，inconclusion，onthewhole，altogether，inall因此，so，thus，hence，therefore。Consequently，fortheereasons結(jié)果，inconsequence，asaresult由此可見。。。itwillbeseenfromitthat如上所述，我們可以得出結(jié)論。。。ashasbeensaidabove，wecanconclude/makeaconclusion/drawaconclusion/reachaconclusioncomet