新教材高中英語Unit3Sea Exploration Using Language學(xué)案新人教版選擇性

Unit3SeaExploration

UsingLanguage

詞匯積淀?素養(yǎng)初探

I.根據(jù)語境寫出正確的單詞

1.themigration（遷移）routesofbirds

2.adirectory（電話號碼簿）ofhotels

3.exploit（開發(fā)）one'stalents

4.a20-gallon（加侖）fishtank

5.amurder（兇殺）case

6.aheartfullofmercy（仁慈）

7.makepublicpropertyone'sprivatepossession（擁有）

8.apoliticalopponent（反對者）

9.logged（載入正式記錄的）30,000airmilesinApril

10.marine（海的）exploration

11.thearrest（逮捕）ofacriminalsuspect

II.根據(jù)語境用恰當(dāng)?shù)慕?、副詞填空

1.Therewasamassmigrationofpoverty-struckfarmersintothecities.

2.Sheappealedtothejudgetohavemercyonherhusband.

3.Thehometeamwasinpossessionduringmostofthefourthquarter.

4.Shewasstoppedoutsidetheshopandplacedunderarrest.

m.翻譯下列課文原句并觀察黑體部分

1.Plasticpollutionisalsobad,killingmanybirdsandfish,andhasevenbeen

foundinourtapwater.

塑料污染也很嚴(yán)重，殺死了許多鳥和魚，甚至在我們的自來水中也發(fā)現(xiàn)了。

2.Thereareprobablyvastamountsofresourcesundertheseaandice,notjustoil

andgasbutalsovaluableminerals.

海洋和冰下可能蘊(yùn)藏著大量的資源，不僅僅是石油和天然氣，還有寶貴的礦物。

3.Hopefully,astechnologyimproves,wemayhavemoreoptionsformanagingthis

balance.

希望隨著技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，我們可以有更多的選擇來控制這種平衡。

閱讀精研?素養(yǎng)構(gòu)建

I.文本整體理解：理清文章架構(gòu)

1.Skimthepassageandfillintheblanks

Text1

▲Moreexplorationmeansmore(2)pollution.

⑴Seaexplorationhascaused

▲(3)Miningforresourcesisverydamaging.

manyproblems

▲(4)Overfishingisanotherproblem.

Text2

Moreresearchis(6)necessary.

SeaexplorationisimportantWeneednew(7)resourcesforfuturedevelopment.

forour(5)future.⑻Environmentalrisksshouldbebalancedwith

economicneeds.

2.Whatisthetexttypeofthepassage?

A.Narration.(記敘文)

B.Argumentativeessay.(議論文)

C.Expositorywriting.(說明文)

1).Practicalwriting(應(yīng)用文)

答案：C

3.What'sthemainideaofthispassage?

Text1ismainlyabouttheproblemscausedbyseaexplorationbutText2centerson

theimportanceofseaexplorationforhumans.

II.文本細(xì)節(jié)理解：探尋語篇細(xì)節(jié)信息

1.Choosethebestanswer

(1)WhydoesthewritermentiontheDeepwaterHorizon?

A.Toshowithasmoregallonsofoil.

B.Toexplainitsinfluenceonanimals.

C.Tostressthebadeffectofplastic.

D.Toproveithascausedseriouspollution.

(2)Whatisthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?

A.ThespeedofthemeltingiceinArctic.

B.ThediscoveryoffossilfuelsinArctic.

C.ThedamagingresourcesintheArctic.

D.TheinfluenceofclimateontheArctic.

(3)Whatdoesthefirstwriterthinkofthesea?

A.Itbelongstohumans.

B.Itisthehabitatoflife.

C.Itislesssensitiveactually.

D.Itisthepossessionsoffuturegenerations.

(4)Whatmakesitnecessaryforustoexploreseas?

A.Thedevelopmentoftechnology.

B.Thevalueofmineralsunderthesea.

C.Therisingnumberofpopulation.

D.Theoccurrenceofearthquakes.

答案：(1)?(4)DDBC

2.Rereadthepassageandfillintheblanks

Moreexplorationmeans

AGalIonsofoilisspilledintothesea

more

APlasticpollution

(1)pollution

Theproblemsof★Climatechangemakes(3)iceless

Miningforresourcesis

exploringsea★L(fēng)ookformorefossilfuelsfurther

very

north

(2)damaging

★Theicewillmeltmore

(4)Overfishingisanotherproblem

Helpaddressimportantissuessuchas⑸climatechange

Seaexploration

Understandingmore

isimportantforHelpusmanageits(6)resourcesbetter

aboutthesea

ourfuture.

Loggingnew(7)speciesImproveourunderstandingoflifeonthe

earth.

AccessingthedeepHelpustopredict(8)eventssuchas

oceanearthquakes

?Newresourcesforgrowing(9)population

?Moreresourcesunderseaandice

?Balancethe(10)economicneedsandenvironmentalrisks

m.文本素養(yǎng)提升：閱讀技能綜合運(yùn)用

i.根據(jù)課文語境與語句知識細(xì)致解構(gòu)語句

(1)Becauseofolimalechange,ihercislessicenow.

原因狀語主句

whichmeanswecanlookformorefossilfuelsfurthernorth.

非限制性定語從句

譯文：由于氣候變化，現(xiàn)在的冰減少了，這意味著我們可以在更遠(yuǎn)的北方尋找更多的化石燃

林

(2)Weneedtoimderstandwhatishappeningtoourplanetsothat

主句賓語從句

wecantakeaction.

目的狀語從句

譯文：我們需要了解我們的星球正在發(fā)生什么,這樣我們才能采取行動。

2.閱讀主題活動

(1)Whatisoverfishing?

Overfishingiscloselytiedtobycatch-thecaptureofunwantedsealifewhile

fishingforadifferentspecies.This,too,isaseriousmarinethreatthatcauses

theneedlesslossofbillionsoffish,alongwithhundredsofthousandsofsea

turtlesandcetaceans.

Thedamagedonebyoverfishinggoesbeyondthemarineenvironment.Billionsof

peoplerelyonfishforprotein,andfishingistheprincipallivelihoodformillions

ofpeoplearoundtheworld.

(2)WhatdidwelearnfromtheDeepwaterHorizondisaster?

TheDeepwaterHorizonblowoutcausedgasandoiltospillintotheGulfofMexico

for87days.Yearsafterthisenvironmentaldisaster,scientistsstudyingthespill

betterunderstandthecomplexprocessesthataffecthowoiltransformsanddegrades

inthewaterandjusthowresilientecosystemscanbetosuchadisturbance.The

disasterresponsealsodidnothingtoclearupdebatesaboutchemicalscalled

dispersantsthatareoftenusedinspillcleanups.Researchershopethatthe

technologicaladvancesoverthepastdecade—andtheknowledgegained-willbetter

preparetheworldforthenextbigspill.

(3)Howdohumanactivitiesaffecttheoceans?

Humanactivitiesaffectnearlyallpartsoftheoceae.Lostanddiscardedfishing

netscontinuetolethallysnarefish,seabirds,andmarinemammalsastheydrift.

Shipsspilloilandgarbage;theyalsotransportcritterstoalienhabitats

unpreparedfortheirarrival,turningthemintoinvasivespecies.Mangroveforests

areclearedforhomesandindustry.

Climatechangecurrentlyaffectingtheplanetbecauseofhighgreenhousegas

emissionsfromhumansisstrikinglyreflectedintheoceans.Thegreenhousegascarbon

dioxideisalsoturningoceanwatersacidic,andaninfluxoffreshwaterfrommelting

glaciersthreatenstoaltertheweather-drivingcurrents.

要點(diǎn)精研?素養(yǎng)奠基

1.mercyn.仁慈；寬恕；恩惠

*A1thoughthiswasbannedin1982,somecountriesarestill“murdering“these

intelligentcreatureswithoutmercy.

盡管這在1982年被禁止，但一些國家仍然毫不留情地“謀殺”這些聰明的生物。

"Havinglosttheengine'spower,theboatwasnowatthemercyofthewind.

發(fā)動機(jī)壞了，這艘船現(xiàn)在任由大風(fēng)擺布。

*IIewassuchacruelmanthatheshowednomercytoothers.

他是一個那么殘酷的人以至于他對別人毫無憐憫之情。

*Theyhadmercyontheirneighborforhesufferedalot.二Theyshowedmercytotheir

neighborforhesufferedalot.

他們對鄰居表示同情，他受的苦難太多了。

showmercytosb.憐憫某人

havemercyon對....表示憐憫

atthemercyof任憑...的擺布；在....的支配中

withoutmercy殘忍地，毫無同情心地

【即學(xué)活用】語法填空

(l)Hewillbegenerousandmerciful(mercy)tothosewhoareweakerthanhimself.

(2)SopitifullydidshepleadthattheBarongrewcalmanddecidedtohavemercyon

her.

(3)Theyshowedlittlemercytotheenemies.

(4)Thepolicemenshotthecrocodilewithoutmercy.

(5)Theboatwasatthemercyoftherapidriver.

2.possessionn.個人財(cái)產(chǎn)；擁有；控制

*Theseaishometolife,nothumanbeings'possessions.

海洋是生命的家園，而不是人類的財(cái)產(chǎn)。

*ThecompanythatTomisinpossessionofwasonceinthepossessionofhisuncle.

湯姆現(xiàn)在擁有的公司曾經(jīng)是他叔叔的。

*0nherfather'sdeath,shecameintopossessionofavastfortune.父親死后，她

繼承了一大筆財(cái)產(chǎn)。

*Wedidn'ttakepossessionofthecaruntilafewdaysaftertheauction.拍賣會

過后幾天，我們才真正拿到了那輛車。

beinpossessionofsth.擁有/占有某物

beinthepossessionofsb./beinone,spossession

為某人所有；歸某人所有

havepossessionof擁有

comeintopossessionof占有某物

get/takepossessionof占領(lǐng)；奪取

【即學(xué)活用】語法填空

(1)Heisuipossessionofthehouse.

=Thehouseisinthepossessionofhim.

(2)HetookpossessionofalotofjewelsfromMrWhite.

(3)Hehadcomeintopossessionofalargefortune.

(4)Doestheyoungmanstandingtherehavepossessionofthecompany?

3.arrestn.逮捕；拘留；中止vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止

*A$5millionrewardhasbeenannouncedforinformationleadingtothearrestofthose

responsibleforthemurder.

一項(xiàng)500萬美元的懸賞已經(jīng)公布，以獲得逮捕那些對這起謀殺事件負(fù)責(zé)的人的信息。

*Heissaidtobeunderarrestforspreadingonlinerumors.

據(jù)說他由于傳播網(wǎng)絡(luò)謠言被捕了。

*Anunusualpaintingarrestedhisattention.

一幅異乎尋常的畫引起了他的注意。

*Afterthematchthreeyouthsgotarrested.

比賽過后，有三個青年被捕。

*Hewasarrestedforfakingsomefamouspaintings.

他由于偽造一些名畫而被逮捕。

--------------------------

arrestsb.forsth.因……逮捕某人

getarrested（人）被逮捕

arrestone'sattention引起某人的注意

beunderarrest被逮捕

makeanarrest進(jìn)行逮捕

【即學(xué)活用】

(l)Shewasarrestedfordrug-relatedoffences.

她因涉嫌毒品犯罪而被捕。

(2)Youshouldn,tdothingslikethat.Youcouldgetarrested!

你不應(yīng)該做那樣的事。你會被捕的！

(3)Thebrightcoloursoftheflowersarrestedthegirl'sattention.

花的艷麗色彩引起了那姑娘的注意。

⑷You'reunderarrest.You*reheretoassistmyinvestigation.

你己經(jīng)被捕了，你來這里是協(xié)助我辦案的。

讀寫結(jié)合?表達(dá)升級

如何寫辯論性文章——海洋探測

/文體感知

辯論性文章屬于議論文。議論文主要針對某一觀點(diǎn)或問題(一般為有爭議的觀點(diǎn)或問題)

發(fā)表議論和看法，因此寫此類文章時(shí)要考慮的論據(jù)多為正反兩個方面。通過對有爭議的觀點(diǎn)

或問題的不同看法進(jìn)行比較，然后進(jìn)行分析和評論，最后提出自己的看法，表達(dá)自己支持或

反對的態(tài)度并加以論證說明，得出結(jié)論。

典題演練

假如你是李華，學(xué)校即將舉行以"Isitnecessaryforhumanstoexploreoceans?

為題目的英語作文比賽，請按照下列要求寫一篇80詞左右的議論文。要點(diǎn)如下：

1.使海洋可持續(xù)發(fā)展

2.了解海洋環(huán)境

3.更好地了解氣候

謀篇立意、

議論文，探索海洋

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；第一人稱

首

論點(diǎn)

段

中

據(jù)

論

段

尾

論

段

結(jié)

-1.使海洋可持續(xù)發(fā)展

—2.了解海洋環(huán)境

-3.更好地了解氣候

遣詢造句'

完成句子

1.它可以建立更好地理解環(huán)境變化所需的基本信息。

Itcanestablishthebasicinformationneededtobetterunderstandenvironmental

change.

2.這有助于科學(xué)家解決目前的情況。

Ithelpsscientiststoaddresscurrentsituations.

3.這有助于科學(xué)家預(yù)測未來可能出現(xiàn)的情況。

Ithelpsscientiststopredictthefuturesituationsthatmayemerge.

4.它還可以讓我們了解海洋中可利用的物質(zhì)，生命形式是如何生存的，以及人類如何在海

底生存或充分利用深海資源。

Itcanalsogiveusknowledgeaboutwhatareavailableinoceans,howthelifeforms

live,andfindouthowhumanscansurvivedownthereormakegooduseofthedepth's

resources.

5.海洋是我們賴以滿足食物、能源等需求的資源之一。

Theseacanbeoneoftheresourcesforustorelyontofulfilltheneedssuchas

food,energy,etc.

6.它還可以幫助我們跟蹤發(fā)生在海洋上的氣候變化以及可能影響我們生活的因素。

Itcanhelpuskeeptrackoftheclimatechangesthathappentotheoceacandwhat

mightaffectourlife.

7.海洋探險(xiǎn)對人類有很大的好處。

Seaexplorationwillbeofgreatbenefittohumans.

句式升級

8.用which非限制性定語從句合并句1,句2和句3

Itcanestablishthebasicinformationneededtobetterunderstandenvironmental

change,whichhelpsscientiststoaddressbothcurrentsituationsandtopredict

thefuturesituationsthatmayemerge.

9.用because合并句4和句5

Itcanalsogiveusknowledgeaboutwhatareavailableinoceans,howthelifeforms

live,andfindouthowhumanscansurvivedownthereormakegooduseofthedepth's

resources,becausetheseacanbeoneoftheresourcesforustorelyontofulfill

theneedssuchasfood,energy,etc.

完美成篇、

Isitnecessaryforhumanstoexploreoceans?

Iagreewiththeviewthatitisnecessaryforhumanstoexploreseas.

First,itcanestablishthebasicinformationneededtobetterunderstand

environmentalchange,whichhelpsscientiststoaddressbothcurrentsituationsand

topredictthefuturesituationsthatmayemerge.Moreover,itcanalsogiveus

knowledgeaboutwhatareavailableinoceans,howthelifeformslive,andfind

outhowhumanscansurvivedownthereormakegooduseofthedepth,sresources,

becausetheseacanbeoneoftheresourcesforustorelyontofulfilltheneeds

suchasfood,energy,etc.Inaddition,itcanhelpuskeeptrackoftheclimate

changesthathappentotheoceanandwhatmightaffectourlife.

Insum,seaexplorationwillbeofgreatbenefittohumans.

素材積累

1.話題詞匯

(1)monster怪物

(2)attack襲擊

(3)creature生物

(4)sighting目擊

(5)hairy多毛的

(6)frightening嚇人的

(7)mysterious神秘的

2.話題句式

(l)TheGreyManisafrighteningcreaturethatlivesinScotland.

灰人是生活在蘇格蘭的一種可怕的生物。

(2)Theysaythatthelow-temperatureseaisunlikelytobeabletosupportsuchlarge

livingcreatures.

他們說水溫這樣低的海里不可能有體型如此巨大的生物生存。

(3)Heclaimstohaveseenaroundblackcreaturemovingquicklythroughthewater.

他聲稱看見了一個圓的黑色生物在水中快速移動。

(4)Therichmarinebiologicalresources,mineralresources,chemicalresourcesand

powerresourcesareanindispensableresourcetreasurehouseofhuman.

豐富的海洋生物資源，礦產(chǎn)資源，化學(xué)資源和電力資源是人類賴以生存的必不可少的資源寶

庫。

（5）Themainobjectiveofthecurrentmarineconservationistoprotectmarine

biologicalresources.當(dāng)前海洋保護(hù)的主要目標(biāo)是保護(hù)海洋生物資源。

（6）Weshouldmaintaintheregenerationabilityofmarinebiologicalresourcesand

thenaturalpurificationcapacityofwater,preservationofthemarineecological

balanceinordertoensurethesustainablehumandevelopmentandutilizationofocean.

我們應(yīng)該保持海洋生物資源的再生能力和水的自然凈化能力，維護(hù)海洋生態(tài)平衡，以確保人

類的可持續(xù)發(fā)展和海洋的持續(xù)利用。

課時(shí)檢測?素養(yǎng)達(dá)標(biāo)

I.根據(jù)語境及漢語提示寫出正確單詞

1.Asaresultofthiswestwardmigration（遷移），Americanseventuallyoccupiedthe

wholecontinent-fromtheAtlantictothePacific.

2.Lookuptheirnumberinthetelephonedirectory（目錄）.

3.Carl'sstartingcollegeinSeptember.Meanwhile（與此同時(shí)）,he'stravelling

aroundEurope.

4.Weneedtomakesurethatweexploit（開發(fā)）ourresourcesasfullyaspossible.

5.Wedrankgallons（力口侖）ofcoffeetokeepourselvesawake.

6.Herhusbandwasmurdered（謀殺）bygunmenasshewatched.

7.Aftertheboat'smotorfailed,theywereatthemercy（仁慈）oftheweather.

8.Thepossession（擁有）oflargeamountsofmoneydoesnotensurehappiness.

9.Leadingopponents（對手）oftheproposedcutsindefencespendingwillmeetlater

today.

10.Detailsofthecrimearethenlogged（記錄）inthecomputer.

11.Marine（海洋的）biologistsareconcernedabouttheeffectsofuntreatedsewage

thatisflowingintocoastalwaters.

12.Thepolicesaysevenpeoplewerearrested（逮捕）forminoroffences.

II.選詞填空

withoutmercy,havepossessionof,behometo,arrestone'sattention,aswell

as,takeaction

1.Theparkishometobears,wolves,andotherwildanimals.

2.Markwasmainlyinterestedinsportatschool,playingrugbyaswellassoccer.

3.It'shightimethatweshouldtakeactioitoprotectthewaterresources.

4.Atthefirstsignofmovement,theyshotwithoutmercy.

5.Thebrightcolorsoftheflowersarrestedhisattention.

6.Howdohumanbeingshavepossessionofhealthyphysiqueandself-contained

mentality,whenenjoyingaffluentmateriallife?

課時(shí)素養(yǎng)評價(jià)

九Unit3UsingLanguage

語用訓(xùn)練

I.單句語法填空

1.Changeofclimatemusthavehadapowerfulinfluenceonmigration(migrate).

2.Ihaveinmypossession(possess)aletterwhichmaybeofinteresttoyou.

3.Theyhavenomercyonthepoorfatheranddaughter.

4.Amanisunderarrestfollowingthesuspiciousdeathofhiswife.

5.Fifteenmilliontreeshadbeenblowndownbythehighwinds,blocking(block)

roads,pathsandrailwaylines.

6.Whatmakeshisparentsworriedisnothisgradesbutthathehasn,tanyinterest

inlearning.

7.Manychemicalshaveadamaging(damage)effectontheenvironment.

8.Bothofthemhavebeenthroughanawfullotandhopefully(hopeful)nowIcanhelp

themrebuildtheirlives.

9.Theaudienceapplauded(applause)theirfavoritesingerasshecameonthestage.

10.Thereisnothingbutcriticismfortheuntruecoverage(cover)ofthefootball

gameonthewebsite.

II.完成句子

1.Theywerelostatthesea,atthemercyofthewindandweather.

他們在海上迷了路，任憑風(fēng)和天氣的擺布。

2.Wecan'ttakepossessionofthehouseuntilallthepapershavebeensigned.

所有的文件都簽字以后，我們才能擁有這房子。

3.AsIlookedthroughthebook,severalprintingmistakesarrestedeysight.

我翻閱這本書時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了幾個印刷錯誤。

4.Theymaybeabletohelpwithchildcaresothatyoucanhaveabreak.

他們可以幫忙照料孩子，這樣你就可以歇一歇了。

5.Scientistshavebeenexploringspace,andmeanwhilemannedsubmersiblesarebeing

improvedunderwater.

科學(xué)家們一直在探索太空，同時(shí)載人潛艇也在水下改進(jìn)。

T主題閱讀一

I.閱讀理解

A

WeknowmoreaboutthesurfaceoftheplanetMarsthanweknowaboutwhatis

atthebottomofEarth'soceans.Untilrecently,scientistshadmappedonlyabout

20percentoftheseafloor.Butourknowledgeofthedeepseasischangingbecause

ofinformationfromsatellites.Scientistshaveproducedanewmapthatprovidesa

detailedpictureoftheoceans.

Thenewmapistwiceasdetailedasthemapmade20yearsago.DavidSandwell

isageophysicsprofessorattheScrippsInstitutionofOceanographyattheUniversity

ofCalifornia.Heandotherscientistsworkedonthemappingproject.Hesaysthey

lurnedlospacetolookdeeperinloIheocean.

“Thewaywe'redoingthatistouseasatellitealtimeter（測高儀），aradar

tomapthetopography（地形）oftheoceansurface.Thatisbecausetheoceansurface

topographyisdifferentbecauseofgravitational（弓|力的）effects.”

Thescientistscollectedandstudiedinformationfromtwosatellites.Onewas

theEuropeanSpaceAgencyysCryo-2satellitethatwasplacedinEarth,sorbitto

watchseaice.TheothersatelliteistheAmericanspaceagencyJsJason-1,studying

thesurfaceoftheoceans.Scientistscombinedthesatellitedatawithimagesgathered

byequipmentonships.Theequipmentworksbysendingsoundwavesthroughthewater.

Whenthesoundwaveshitanobject,itspresenceisconfirmed.

Thenewmapshowstheseafloorasithasneverbeenseenbefore.Itshows

thousandsofunderwatermountainsandplaceswherecontinentspulledapart.Itshows

whereearthquakeswereactivemanyyearsago.Inoneplace,threemountainridges（lll

脊）joinatthesamearea."It'scalledtheIndianOceanTripleJunction.It's

oneofmyfavoritespotsintheocean.Youhavethreeplates—theAfricanplate,and

theIndo-AustralianplateandtheAntarcticplate-allconnectedatthisonepoint

inthecenteroftheIndianOcean,“saysDavidSandwell.

Themapisapowerfultoolforthoseinterestedinprotectingtheenvironment

andforoilexploration.Italsocanhelpshipstravelsafelyandimprovescientific

projectsworldwide.Ofcourse,scientistswillmakemanymorediscoveriesasthey

examinethenewmapandtheinformationitprovides.

【文章大意】本文是說明文。講述科學(xué)家繪制了海底面積百分之二十的地圖，得益于衛(wèi)星傳

來的信息，有助于我們對于深海的了解更加詳細(xì)。

1.Wecanowethesuccessofthenewmappingprojectto.

A.thedetailsoftheoldmap

B.Europe?scooperationwithAmerica

C.scientists,continualmeasuringworkunderthesea

D.theapplicationofradarandsoundwavemeasuringequipment

【解析】選Do推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的Thewaywe'redoingthatistouseasatellite

altimeter,aradartomapthetopographyoftheoceansurface和第四段的Theequipment

worksbysendingsoundwavesthroughthewater.Whenthesoundwaveshitanobject,

itspresenceisconfirmed.可知，我們可以把新的繪圖項(xiàng)目的成功歸功于雷達(dá)和聲波測量

設(shè)備的應(yīng)用。故選D。

2.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2mean?

A.Theyhopedtousespacetechnologytomaptheoceanfloor.

B.Theywantedthesatellitetoproducethemap.

C.Theyhadneverexploredthedeeperocean.

D.Theydecidedtosearchtheouterspace.

【解析】選A。詞句猜測題。根據(jù)下文DavidSandwell教授說的Thewaywe'redoingthat

istouse...differentbecauseofgravitationaleffects.可知，畫線部分說的是他

們求助于太空來更深入地探索海洋，也就是希望利用空間技術(shù)繪制海底地圖。故選A。

3.WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph4?

A.Thefunctionofsoundwaves.

B.Thedifferencesoftwosatellites.

C.Thedifficultiesofmappingtheoceans

D.Theprocessofmappingtheoceanfloor.

【解析】選I）。主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，本段講述科學(xué)家們從兩顆衛(wèi)星收集和研究

信息?？茖W(xué)家將衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)與船上設(shè)備收集的圖像結(jié)合起來。因此推斷本段主要講述繪制海床

的過程。故選D。

4.Thefifthparagraphisusedto.

A.showthediscoverythroughthenewmap

B.provetheearthquakeswereactiveundertheocean

C.explainhowtheoceanfloordeveloped

D.introducewhattheunderwatermountainswerelike

【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段的Thenewmapshowstheseafloor...manyyears

ago.可知，本段被用來展示新地圖的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選A。

B

“Shineinthedark”dolphinsmayseemlikesomethingstraightoutofascience

fictionmovie.However,thatispreciselywhatNewportCoastalAdventures'Captain

RyanLawlerandprofessionalvideographerPatrickCoynewitnessed,whentheyset

outtoexplorethespectacularbluetidesthathavebeenlightingupthewatersoff

SouthernCalifornia'scoastsincemid-April.

Thepartnerscannedtheoceanforhoursandwasreturningtoshorewhenthey

spottedthe“electric”dolphinsswimmingthroughthebloomofshiningplankton（浮

游生物）.Thevideographer,whohadseenthephenomenononlyoncebeforeinaNetflix

show,sayscatchingthescenesprovedtobealotharderthanhehadexpected."For

starters,theshiningplanktonhassweetspotstowhereitshowsupandthenfades

away,sowhileonthewater,it'simpossibletojustfindit,“Coynesays."Also,

conditionshavetobeabsolutelyperfectfortheshiningplanktontoshowandfor

animalstoswimthroughitsowecanfilmit.”

Thoughwitnessingshiningsealifeisrare,theelectrifyingblueoceanscenery

isafairlycommonsightaroundSouthernCaliforniabetweenFebruaryandSeptember.

Thephenomenoncanbeattributedtothepresenceofmillionsofplankton,whichtend

togatherandreproduceinlargequantitiesinthewarmcoastalwatersduringthis

time.

ThoughamajorityofCalifornia'sredtidesarecausedbyplanktonspeciesthat

donotproducedeadlypoison,somealgalblooms（藻花）canbedangerousforseaanimals,

especiallywhentheystayforlongperiodsoftime.In2018,analmostyear-long

“redtide”alongFlorida'sGulfcoastcausedbytheexcessivegrowthofmicroalgae

KareniaBrevis,killedhundredsoffishandotherseaanimals.

【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了發(fā)光的浮游生物，以及說明了浮游生物過度生長

會導(dǎo)致海洋生物的死亡。

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“sweetspots”inParagraph2mean?

A.Aseaplant.

B.Alostworld.

C.Aperfectmoment.

D.Amissingcamera.

【解析】選C。詞義猜測題。由第二段中的“Forstarters,theshiningplankton...it's

impossibletojustfindit,可知，發(fā)光的浮游生物在它們出現(xiàn)和消失的地方都有自己

的閃光點(diǎn)，"sweetspots”指的是浮游生物出現(xiàn)和消失的地方，是一個完美的時(shí)刻。故選C

項(xiàng)。

6.Whatisthemainreasonforthesealifeshining?

A.Theyabsorbthelightintheoceanandthenreflectit.

B.Theyaresurroundedbymillionsofshiningplankton.

C.Theyswimthroughtheoceanwithelectricityinlargequantities.

D.Theybenefitfromthewarmwatertopowerthemselves.

【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的"Thoughwitnessingshiningsealifeisrare...

duringthistime.”可知，海洋生物發(fā)光的主要原因是，它們被數(shù)百萬閃亮的浮游生物包

圍著。故選B項(xiàng)。

7.Whatcausedthedeathofsomeseaanimalsaccordingtothetext?

A.Redtides.

B.Humanexploration.

C.Warmwater.

D.Algalblooms.

【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的uThoughamajorityofCalifornia,sredtides...

killedhundredsoffishandotherseaanimals.”可知，造成海洋生物死亡的原因是藻

類的繁殖。故選D項(xiàng)。

8.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?

A.Science.

B.Health.

C.Entertainment.

D.Education.

【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章介紹了發(fā)光的浮游生物，以及說明了浮

游生物過度生長會導(dǎo)致海洋生物的死亡。可以推斷，這篇說明文可能出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的科學(xué)版面。

故選A項(xiàng)。

II.閱讀填句

BeginningwithChineseeffortstoexploreandconnectwithCentralAsia,the

SilkRoadconsistedofmassivesmallroutesandwasnamedafterthesilkcloththe

Chineseproduced.]Throughtheseroutes,Chinesesilk,porcelain,lacquer

workandiro