2024-2025學年新教材高中英語Unit1LaughoutloudSectionⅢGrammar教師用書含習題測試外研版選擇性必修第一冊

PAGEUnit1LaughoutloudSectionⅢGrammar(非限制性定語從句)單句語法填空1.(教材P2)Iwalkthroughthedoorsintothewaitingarea,wherethere'safamiliaratmosphereofboredomandtension.2.(教材P2)InthemiddleofthisparticularsceneIspotasmallgirlwhoseankleistwiceitsnormalsize.3.(教材P2)Ispeakwiththeon-dutynurse,whotellsmethatLara'sparentsrushedhertothehospitalaftershefelloffherbicycle.4.(教材P2)Scientificstudiesshowthatlaughterproduceschemicalstomakepeoplefeelbetter,whichmeansclowndoctorscanbehelpful.5.(教材P3)IspentmuchofthetimewhenIwastherefeelingfrightenedandmorethanalittlebored!非限制性定語從句用來對先行詞作補充說明。沒有它,主句也能獨立存在;非限制性定語從句和主句的關系不親密,它與先行詞之間常用逗號隔開。需留意的是,that不能引導非限制性定語從句。一、非限制性定語從句的關系詞1.關系代詞的選擇非限制性定語從句不能用關系代詞that引導。指人時,假如關系詞在從句中作主語,要用who,作賓語要用whom(此時whom不能用who替代);指物時,關系詞要用which,which在從句中作主語或賓語。在非限制性定語從句中,即使關系詞在從句中作賓語也不能省略。whose引導非限制性定語從句時,指人或物,在從句中作定語。Peter,whomyoumetinLondon,isgoingtoParisnextweek.你在倫敦見過的那個彼得,下周將要去巴黎。Manyyoungpeople,mostofwhomwerewell-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.許多年輕人都去了偏遠地區(qū)追求自己的幻想,他們中大部分都受過良好的教化。Thebooksonthedesk,whosecoversareshiny,areprizesforus.桌上那些封面閃亮的書是為我們打算的獎品。ThisnotewasleftbyTom,whowashereamomentago.這個便條是湯姆留下的,剛才他還在這里。名師點津which引導非限制性定語從句時,可以指代整個主句的內容。Lauracouldn'tcometoourparty,whichwasapity.勞拉不能來參與我們的聚會,這真缺憾。(which指代的是“勞拉不能來參與我們的聚會”這件事)Tomstudieshardandisreadytohelpothers,whichiswhathisparentsexpect.湯姆學習努力且樂于助人,這正是他父母所期望的。(which指代的是“湯姆學習努力且樂于助人”這件事)2.關系副詞的選擇在非限制性定語從句中,關系副詞(when、where)的選擇方法和在限制性定語從句中的一樣,即關系詞在從句中作時間狀語時用when,作地點狀語時用where。ThestoryinthebookhappenedinCanada,whereDoctorBethunewasborn.書中的故事發(fā)生在加拿大,白求恩大夫就是在那里誕生的。IleftonSunday,wheneveryonewasathome.我星期日離開了,那天全部人都在家。二、限制性/非限制性定語從句的區(qū)分區(qū)分限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句形式上不用逗號與主句隔開。DoyoustillrememberthemanwhotaughtusEnglish?你還記得教我們英語的那個人嗎?用逗號與主句隔開。I'vebeentoLondon,whichisabeautifulcity.我去過倫敦,那是一個漂亮的城市。意義上是先行詞不行缺少的定語,如刪去,句子意思將不完整。Thisisthebook(which/that)helostyesterday.這就是他昨天丟的那本書。只是對先行詞的補充說明,如刪去,句子意思仍舊完整、明確。Thebook,whichhelostyesterday,hasbeenfound.他昨天丟的那本書已經找到了。譯法上通常譯成先行詞的定語。Heisthemanwholivesnexttome.他就是住在我隔壁的那個人。通常譯成與主句并列的分句。Heisagenerousman,wholivesnexttome.他是一個慷慨的人,住在我隔壁。關系詞的運用上1.在從句中作賓語時可省略2.可用that1.不行省略2.不行用that三、非限制性定語從句須要留意的問題1.非限制性定語從句常常位于句末,但也可位于句中,這時前后都須要用逗號隔開。Thechildren,whowantedtoplayfootball,weredisappointedwhenitrained.那些孩子都想踢足球,因下雨而感到悲觀。2.“介詞+關系代詞”也可以引導非限制性定語從句。先行詞指人時關系代詞用whom,不行用who/that;先行詞指物時,關系代詞用which,不能用that。Afriendissomeonewhodrawsoutyourbestqualities,withwhomyousparkleandbecomemoreknowledgeable.摯友就是能使你表現出你自己最佳品質的人,與他在一起你就會精神煥發(fā),更有見識。Iboughtagreatmanybooks,onwhichIspentallmymoneythatIsaved.我買了許多書,這些書花了我積攢的全部的錢。3.“名詞/代詞/數詞+介詞of+關系代詞”引導的定語從句通常是非限制性定語從句。JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allofwhichshespokefluently.朱莉擅長德語、法語和俄語,這三門語言她都說得很流利。Yourspeechwasheardbyagroupoffivejudges,allofwhomagreedthatitwasthebestonethisyear.評委會的五位評委聽了你的演講,他們都認為它是今年最好的。4.“名詞+介詞of+關系代詞”有時可以用“whose+名詞”或“of+關系代詞+名詞”替換。Thebuildinghadbeenrepaired,theroofofwhichwasdestroyedagaininabigfire.Thebuildinghadbeenrepaired,ofwhichtheroofwasdestroyedagaininabigfire.Thebuildinghadbeenrepaired,whoseroofwasdestroyedagaininabigfire.那棟樓房曾經被整修過,但在一場大火中,樓頂又被燒毀了。5.as/which引導非限制性定語從句的區(qū)分(1)as引導非限制性定語從句時,先行詞一般為整個主句;而which引導非限制性定語從句時,先行詞既可以是整個主句又可以是主句的一部分。Hefinishedthetaskintime,aswehadexpected.他剛好完成了任務,正如我們所預料的那樣。Theroadwastooslippy,whichcausedlotsofaccidents.路太滑了,以至于引起了許多事故。(2)as引導的非限制性定語從句的位置比較敏捷,可位于句首、句中和句尾,而which引導的非限制性定語從句常位于先行詞之后。Aseveryonecansee,sheisveryhonest.正如大家所看到的那樣,她很誠懇。Sheishonest,whicheveryonecansee.她很誠懇,這一點大家有目共睹。(3)as引導非限制性定語從句時常意為“正如”,多用于固定搭配中:asisoftenthecase(這是常有的事),asisexpected(不出所料),asoftenhappens(正如常常發(fā)生的那樣),asisknowntoall(眾所周知),ashasbeensaidbefore(如上所述),asismentionedabove(正如上面所提到的)等;而which常意為“這一點,那”,并且主句和從句常存在邏輯上的因果關系。HehastoworkonSunday,whichhedoesn'tlike.他周日還得上班,他不喜愛這一點。Ascanbeseenfromhisface,heisquitepleased.從他的表情可以看出來,他特別興奮。Ⅰ.用適當的關系詞填空1.Thenumberofsmokers,asisreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.2.Themeeting,whichwasheldinthepark,wasattendedby1,000people.3.TheycametoChinainthe1970s,whenChinawasnotopentotheoutsideworld.4.Asisknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsaroundtheearthonceeverymonth.5.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachofwhichusesitdifferently.6.Shegaveanotherpieceofadvice,whichIthinkwasofgreathelptotheresearchwork.7.Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseum,whoseconstructionhadtakenmorethanthreeyears.8.Maryenjoyedreadingwhenshewasyoung.Shelearnedinakeymiddleschoolinhercity,whereherparentsbothtaughtChinese.9.Mymotheroftengoestothegym,wheresheworksouttokeepfit.10.Theresultoftheexperimentprovedtobeverygood,whichwasmorethanweexpected.11.Aswe'veseen,oceanscoverabout71%oftheEarth.12.Mr.Smith,fromwhomIhavelearnedalot,isafamousscientist.Ⅱ.語法與主題寫作1.寫作要點依據本單元所學語法學問和主題學問補全句子。①人生是一場旅行,在旅途中你可以體驗快樂和哀痛。Lifeisajourney,whereyoucanexperiencebothjoysandsorrows.

②當你遇到一個你膽怯 的問題時,保持樂觀是很重要的。Whenyoucomeacrossaproblemwhichyouareafraidof,itisveryimportanttostaypositive.

③只要你心中有愛和希望,你陷入無望的黑暗時刻就會消逝。Aslongasyouhaveloveandhopeinyourmind,thedarkmomentwhenyouarecaughtinhopelessnesswilldisappear.

④假如你有志氣,你所追求的幻想將會成真。Ifyouhavethecourage,yourdreamswhichyouarepursuingwillcometrue.

⑤記住,不要失去信念,因為機會將在下一秒消逝,不是每個人都能抓住它的尾巴。Remem