河北省保定市部分高中2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河北省保定市部分高中2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.Atwhattimewasthefireputout?A.Twoo’clock. B.Fouro’clock. C.Fiveo’clock.〖答案〗C2.What’stheweatherlikenow?A.Snowy.B.Rainy.C.Sunny.〖答案〗B3.WhosecardoesJennyhavenow?A.Herfather’scar. B.Hermother’scar. C.Herowncar.〖答案〗A4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atanairport. B.Inafactory. C.Inaclassroom.〖答案〗C5.Howwillthespeakersprobablygohome?A.Bybus. B.Bytaxi. C.Bysubway.〖答案〗B第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.WhatdoesthemaninvitethewomantodothisSaturday?A.Havelunch. B.Dosomeshopping. C.Gotoagalleryopening.7.Whatdoesthewomanwanttoknowattheend?A.Whattowear.B.Howtogetthedestination.C.Whentocomeback.〖答案〗6.C7.A聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.WhatiswrongwithKathy?A.Sheisupsetbecauseshefailedtheexam.B.SheisworriedaboutherclassmateDon.C.Shecan’tgetonwellwithherfather.9.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Midtermexams. B.Schooleducation. C.Pressurefromparents.〖答案〗8.B9.C聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。10.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hegotaraise.B.Hejustgotanewjob.C.Hemovedintoanewhouse.11.WhatkindofTVsetdoesthewomansuggest?A.Asmallone. B.Abigone. C.Acheapone.12.Whydoesthewomangivethemansuchasuggestion?A.Priceswillgoupsoon.B.Newproductscomeouteveryyear.C.Hislivingroomisn’tverybig.〖答案〗10.C11.A12.C聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。13.Whereisthemeatshelf?A.Inthebackofthestore.B.Totheleftofthespeaker.C.Ontheothersidefromthebakery.14.Howoftendoesthemangotothesupermarket?A.Onceaweek. B.Onceamonth. C.Onceafortnight.15.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodofortheman?A.Findsomeorangesforhim.B.Helporganizethelocations.C.Reporthisopinionwithhermanager.16.Whatisthemanlikelytobuy?A.Soap. B.Bread. C.Pork.〖答案〗13.A14.B15.C16.A聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.Whoisthebookfor?A.Youngchildren. B.Parents. C.Teachers.18.WhathappenstoVanessaonherfirstdayinschool?A.Sheisbadlytreatedbyanotherchild.B.Sheplayspoorlyinthegames.C.Shespendshertimealone.19.HowdoesVanessa’sclassmatehelpher?A.Bywalkingtogetherwithher.B.Byinvitingherfordinner.C.Bytellingherwhattodo.20.Whatmightthespeakerbedoing?A.Readinghernewpicturebook.B.Hostingaradioprogram.C.Givingaclass.〖答案〗17.A18.C19.A20.B第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AEveryyear,millionsofpeoplewatchtennisgamestocelebratethespiritoftennis.Herearefourmajortennisevents,whicharealsoknownastheGrandSlamtournaments(大滿(mǎn)貫賽事),helpingyouknowthesportbetter.TheUSOpenTheUSOpen,thefourthGrandSlamofthetennisyear,hasitsrootsin1881.ItisheldattheUSTABillieJeanKingNationalTennisCenterinNewYork,usuallybetweenlateAugustandearlySeptember.Playedonhardcourts,theUSOpenisknownforitshardplayingsurface,whichrewardspowerfulservesandaggressiveplay.TheFrenchOpenTheFrenchOpen,alsoknownastheRoland-Garrostournament,datingbackto1891.ItisheldannuallyattheStadeRoland-GarrosinParis,typicallybetweenlateMayandearlyJune.Thetournamentisplayedonclaycourts(紅土網(wǎng)球場(chǎng)),whichareknownforslowpaceandhighbounce,favoringplayerswithstrongbaselineplayandgoodslidingperformance.TheAustralianOpenTheAustralianOpenortheAO,thecalendaryear’sfirstGrandSlam,beganin1905.Ithasevolvedintoamajoreventinprofessionaltennisplaying,heldannuallyinMelbourne,inJanuary.Playedonhardcourts,theAOisfamousforitshotandoftenwindyconditions,whichtestplayers’adaptabilityandendurance(忍耐力).TheChampionships,WimbledonKnownforthegrasscourts,ithasbeenheldsince1877inWimbledon,London,whichisalsocelebratedforitsfastplayandthestricttraditionofwearingall-whiteattire(服裝).ThetournamenttakesplaceannuallyinlateJuneandearlyJuly.Itsuniqueseedingsystemandthehighhonourassociatedwithwinningthetitlemakeitoneoftheprizeseachwantsintennis.21.WhatdotheUSOpenandtheAustralianOpenhaveincommon?A.Thetypeofthecourtisthesame. B.Theslow-pacedplayersbenefitmore.C.Theorigindatesfromthe1900s. D.Thegameisunaffectedbytheweather.22.Whichcompetitionsitefeaturesthereddirt?A.TheUSOpen. B.TheFrenchOpen.C.TheAustralianOpen. D.TheChampionships,Wimbledon.23.WhatisspecialabouttheChampionships,Wimbledon?A.Itallowsparticipantstowearcolourfulclothing.B.Itofferstheplayingfieldwithgrassasahighlight.C.Itisregardedasthehardestoneinthetennisworld.D.ItrunsasthelastoneintheyearlyGrandSlamgames.〖答案〗21.A22.B23.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了四大網(wǎng)球大滿(mǎn)貫賽事：美國(guó)網(wǎng)球公開(kāi)賽、法國(guó)網(wǎng)球公開(kāi)賽、澳大利亞網(wǎng)球公開(kāi)賽和溫布爾登網(wǎng)球錦標(biāo)賽?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheUSOpen部分中“Playedonhardcourts,theUSOpenisknownforitshardplayingsurface,whichrewardspowerfulservesandaggressiveplay.(美國(guó)網(wǎng)球公開(kāi)賽在硬地球場(chǎng)舉行，以其硬地場(chǎng)地而聞名，這有利于有力的發(fā)球和積極的比賽)”和TheAustralianOpen部分中“Playedonhardcourts,theAOisfamousforitshotandoftenwindyconditions,whichtestplayers’adaptabilityandendurance(忍耐力).(澳網(wǎng)在硬地球場(chǎng)進(jìn)行比賽，以炎熱和經(jīng)常刮風(fēng)的天氣而聞名，這是對(duì)球員適應(yīng)能力和耐力的考驗(yàn))”可知，美國(guó)網(wǎng)球公開(kāi)賽和澳大利亞網(wǎng)球公開(kāi)賽的共同點(diǎn)是它們都是在硬地球場(chǎng)上進(jìn)行的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheFrenchOpen部分中“Thetournamentisplayedonclaycourts(紅土網(wǎng)球場(chǎng)),whichareknownforslowpaceandhighbounce,favoringplayerswithstrongbaselineplayandgoodslidingperformance.(比賽在紅土球場(chǎng)進(jìn)行，紅土球場(chǎng)以慢節(jié)奏和高彈跳而聞名，有利于底線擊球有力和滑球表現(xiàn)良好的球員)”可知，法國(guó)網(wǎng)球公開(kāi)賽的場(chǎng)地是紅土網(wǎng)球場(chǎng)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheChampionships,Wimbledon部分中“Knownforthegrasscourts,ithasbeenheldsince1877inWimbledon,London,whichisalsocelebratedforitsfastplayandthestricttraditionofwearingall-whiteattire(服裝).(這項(xiàng)賽事以草地球場(chǎng)而聞名，自1877年以來(lái)一直在倫敦溫布爾登舉行，溫布爾登也以其快速的比賽和身穿全白服裝的嚴(yán)格傳統(tǒng)而聞名)”可知，提供草地場(chǎng)地是溫布爾登網(wǎng)球錦標(biāo)賽的特色。故選B項(xiàng)。B“WhenIwasyoung,ItoldmymotherthatIwouldgotoChinatolearnkungfuoneday.Shedidn’tbelieveitatthetime.WhenIgotthere,Iimmediatelycalledherandsaid,‘Mom,guesswhereIam.I’mattheShaolinTemple!’,”saysMaxYollando,ayoungmanfromCoted’Ivoire,sharinghisattachmentforChineseculture.YollandoisalsoknownasYanming,theChinesenamehewasgivenbyhisteacherattheShaolinTemple,wherethe“Shaolinkungfu”wasborn,andwhichtodayislikeamagnet(磁鐵)forfansfromallovertheworld.Atthetime,YollandowasastudentattheFelixHouphouet-BoignyUniversityinAbidjan.MotivatedbyhispassionforChineseculture,hesignedupattheConfuciusInstitutetostudyChinese.Inlate2016,hehadtheopportunitytovisitthetempleinHenanProvinceonathree-monthexchange.ThisexperiencedefinedhiscloserelationshipwithtraditionalChineseculture.AfterreturningtoCoted’Ivoire,YollandocontinuedtopracticeChineseandstudytraditionalChineseculture.InJuly2017,hereturnedtotheShaolinTempleagainandremainedthereforsixyears.Hisyearsatthetemplereading,exercising,practicingkungfuandmeditation(冥想)greatlychangedhim,andallowedhimtobetterunderstandandappreciatetraditionalChineseculture.HesaysthemostimpressivethingshenoticedthatrootedinChineseculturearetheloveofwork,respectandrecognition.Attheendof2022,whenhecompletedhisstudiesatthetemple,hebeganworkingataShaolinculturalcenterinZambia.ThefirstofitskindinAfrica,thecenterishometo30orphans(孤兒),whoaretaughtChineselanguageandtraditionalChineseculture,includingkungfu,aspartofthecourse.ForYollando,thepurposeofstudyingChineseculturewastobeabletoreturntoAfricatointroduceChinesevaluestohiscompatriots(同胞).“TheculturefascinatedmebecauseinChina,peoplemakeanefforttoworkbetter,andtheyareveryrespectfulandgratefultotheirfamilyandcountry,”hesays.24.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“attachment”inparagraph1?A.Confusion. B.Disappointment. C.Affection. D.Investigation.25.WhatmadeYollandotrulyrelatedtotraditionalChineseculture?A.LearningChineseattheConfuciusInstitute.B.VisitingtheShaolinTempleinHenanProvince.C.ReadingtraditionalChineseculturebooks.D.WorkingataShaolinculturalcenter.26.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeYollando?A.Brave. B.Determined. C.Humorous. D.Organized.27.WhatcanwelearnabouttheShaolinculturalcenterinZambia?A.ItscoursesareallaboutChineseculture. B.ItwasfundedbytheShaolinTemple.C.Itisanofficialauthorizedagency. D.Itisacharity.〖答案〗24.C25.B26.B27.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了來(lái)自科特迪瓦的MaxYollando從小熱愛(ài)中國(guó)功夫，在少林寺學(xué)習(xí)了六年，回到非洲后，他致力于傳播中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenIwasyoung,ItoldmymotherthatIwouldgotoChinatolearnkungfuoneday.Shedidn’tbelieveitatthetime.WhenIgotthere,Iimmediatelycalledherandsaid,‘Mom,guesswhereIam.I’mattheShaolinTemple!’(我小時(shí)候告訴媽媽?zhuān)幸惶煳視?huì)去中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)功夫。當(dāng)時(shí)她不相信。當(dāng)我到了那里，我立刻打電話給她說(shuō)，‘?huà)寢專(zhuān)虏挛以谀睦铩Ｎ以谏倭炙?！?”可推知，這是MaxYollando在分享自己對(duì)中國(guó)文化的喜愛(ài)，推測(cè)劃線單詞表示“喜愛(ài)”，與Affection意義相近。故選C?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Inlate2016,hehadtheopportunitytovisitthetempleinHenanProvinceonathree-monthexchange.ThisexperiencedefinedhiscloserelationshipwithtraditionalChineseculture.(2016年底，他有機(jī)會(huì)參觀了河南省的寺廟，進(jìn)行了為期三個(gè)月的交流。這段經(jīng)歷決定了他與中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的密切關(guān)系)”可知，參觀河南少林寺并進(jìn)行交流這一經(jīng)歷使得MaxYollando接觸中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化，真正與中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化緊密相連。故選B?！?6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenIwasyoung,ItoldmymotherthatIwouldgotoChinatolearnkungfuoneday.Shedidn’tbelieveitatthetime.WhenIgotthere,Iimmediatelycalledherandsaid,‘Mom,guesswhereIam.I’mattheShaolinTemple!’(我小時(shí)候告訴媽媽?zhuān)幸惶煳視?huì)去中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)功夫。當(dāng)時(shí)她不相信。當(dāng)我到了那里，我立刻打電話給她說(shuō)，‘?huà)寢專(zhuān)虏挛以谀睦?。我在少林寺！?”、第三段“Inlate2016,hehadtheopportunitytovisitthetempleinHenanProvinceonathree-monthexchange.ThisexperiencedefinedhiscloserelationshipwithtraditionalChineseculture.(2016年底，他有機(jī)會(huì)參觀了河南省的寺廟，進(jìn)行了為期三個(gè)月的交流。這段經(jīng)歷決定了他與中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的密切關(guān)系)”以及第四段“InJuly2017,hereturnedtotheShaolinTempleagainandremainedthereforsixyears.Hisyearsatthetemplereading,exercising,practicingkungfuandmeditationgreatlychangedhim,andallowedhimtobetterunderstandandappreciatetraditionalChineseculture.(2017年7月，他再次回到少林寺，在那里待了六年。他在寺廟讀書(shū)、鍛煉、練習(xí)功夫和冥想的歲月極大地改變了他，讓他更好地理解和欣賞中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化)”可知，Yollando從小就熱愛(ài)中國(guó)功夫，并一直不斷學(xué)習(xí)中國(guó)功夫，由此可推知，Yollando是堅(jiān)持不懈、有決心的。故選B?！?7題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Attheendof2022,whenhecompletedhisstudiesatthetemple,hebeganworkingataShaolinculturalcenterinZambia.ThefirstofitskindinAfrica,thecenterishometo30orphans(孤兒),whoaretaughtChineselanguageandtraditionalChineseculture,includingkungfu,aspartofthecourse.(2022年底，當(dāng)他在少林寺完成學(xué)業(yè)后，他開(kāi)始在贊比亞的一個(gè)少林文化中心工作。該中心是非洲第一個(gè)這樣的中心，是30名孤兒的家，他們?cè)谡n程中學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)和中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化，包括功夫)”可知，贊比亞的少林文化中心是30名孤兒的家，是一家慈善機(jī)構(gòu)。故選D。CRecently,asajournalist,Ihavepublishedmanystoriesaboutsocialmedia,privacyandartificialintelligence(AI),amongotherthings.Sowhenachatbot(聊天機(jī)器人)toldmethatmyoutputmayhaveinfluenceditsresponsestootherpeople’sprompts(〖提示〗),Irushedtowipemydatafromitsmemory.Iquicklydiscovered,however,thereisnodeletebutton.AI-poweredchatbots,whicharetrainedondatasetsincludingvastnumbersofwebsitesandonlinearticles,neverforgetwhattheyhavelearned.Thatmeanschatbotsarepossibletoletoutsensitivepersonalinformation,ifithasappearedonline,andthatthecompaniesbehindtheseAIswillstruggletomakegoodon“right-to-be-forgotten”regulations,whichforceorganizationstoremovepersonaldataonrequest.ItalsomeanswearepowerlesstostophackerscontrollingAIoutputsby.plantingmisinformationorillinstructionsintrainingdata.AlloftheseexplainwhymanycomputerscientistsarebusyteachingAIstoforget.Whiletheyarefindingthatitisextremelydifficult,“machineunlearning”solutionsarebeginningtoappear.Andtheworkcouldprovevitalbeyondaddressingconcernsoverprivacyandmisinformation.ThenewgenerationofAI-poweredchatbots,whichproducetextinresponsetoourprompts,aresupportedbylargelanguagemodels.Thesearetrainedonmountainsofdata,mostofwhichisdownloadedfromtheInternet.Fromthis,theylearntospotstatistical(統(tǒng)計(jì)的)patterns,whichmeanstheycanpredictthelikeliestnextwordinasentence,producingfluentanswerstooureveryquestion.ThetroubleisthewayAIchatbotswork,whichmeansthatwhentheylearnsomething,itcan’tbeforgotten.Thiscreatesasignificantproblemwhenitcomestoprivacy,asDr.Zhangmadeclearinrecentresearch.HehighlightedhowdifficultitwillbeforAIcompaniestoobeythe“righttobeforgotten”,whichtheEuropeanUniondeclaredin2014.28.Whatcauseschatbotstostorewhattheyhavelearnedforever?A.Theirstorageoftrainingdata. B.Theirusers’prompt.C.Strongreviewability. D.Lackofadeletebutton.29.WhydomanycomputerscientiststrytoteachAItoforget?A.Tocopyhumancompletely. B.Tostorelimitedinformation.C.Toupdateregularly. D.Toreducesecurityrisks.30.Whatcanweknowaboutthechatbotsfromparagraph3?A.Theycananswereachquestioncorrectly.B.Theylearnfromthedesigners’limiteddata.C.Theymakeresponsebasedontheprompts.D.Theycanpredictlanguagemodels’future.31.WhatproblemdidDr.ZhanghighlightforAIcompanies?A.Thedifficultyinfollowingthe“righttobeforgotten”.B.ThelackoftechnologicaladvancementsinAI.C.TheoppositionfromtheEuropeanUnion.D.Theconcernsofprivacy.〖答案〗28.A29.D30.C31.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文介紹了人工智能的出現(xiàn)給人們帶來(lái)便利的同時(shí)，給用戶(hù)的隱私泄露也增加了一定的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和隱患?！?8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“AI-poweredchatbots,whicharetrainedondatasetsincludingvastnumbersofwebsitesandonlinearticles,neverforgetwhattheyhavelearned.”(聊天機(jī)器人是基于大量網(wǎng)站和在線文章的數(shù)據(jù)集進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練的，這種訓(xùn)練方式導(dǎo)致它們永遠(yuǎn)記住所學(xué)內(nèi)容。)可知，訓(xùn)練數(shù)據(jù)的存儲(chǔ)導(dǎo)致聊天機(jī)器人永遠(yuǎn)存儲(chǔ)它們學(xué)到的東西。故選A?！?9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thatmeanschatbotsarepossibletoletoutsensitivepersonalinformation,ifithasappearedonline,andthatthecompaniesbehindtheseAIswillstruggletomakegoodon“right-to-be-forgotten”regulations,whichforceorganizationstoremovepersonaldataonrequest.ItalsomeanswearepowerlesstostophackerscontrollingAIoutputsbyplantingmisinformationorillinstructionsintrainingdata.”(這意味著聊天機(jī)器人有可能泄露敏感的個(gè)人信息，如果這些信息已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)上，而這些人工智能背后的公司將難以履行“被遺忘權(quán)”的規(guī)定，這些規(guī)定迫使組織根據(jù)要求刪除個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)。這也意味著我們無(wú)力阻止黑客通過(guò)在訓(xùn)練數(shù)據(jù)中植入錯(cuò)誤信息或錯(cuò)誤指令來(lái)控制人工智能的輸出。)可知，可知，科學(xué)家們?cè)噲D教AI忘記是為了減少安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選D?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ThenewgenerationofAI-poweredchatbots,whichproducetextinresponsetoourprompts,aresupportedbylargelanguagemodels.”(新一代的人工智能聊天機(jī)器人，根據(jù)我們的〖提示〗生成文本，由大型語(yǔ)言模型支持。)可知，他們根據(jù)〖提示〗做出回應(yīng)。故選C?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“HehighlightedhowdifficultitwillbeforAIcompaniestoobeythe“righttobeforgotten”,whichtheEuropeanUniondeclaredin2014.”(他強(qiáng)調(diào)，人工智能公司要遵守歐盟(EuropeanUnion)在2014年宣布的“被遺忘權(quán)”(righttobeforgotten)是多么困難。)可知，張博士對(duì)人工智能公司強(qiáng)調(diào)了遵循“被遺忘權(quán)”的困難。故選A。DToday,wearefacingaglobalwatercrisis:TheUNannouncedfivebillionpeoplewillfacewatershortagesby2050.TheWorldResourcesInstitutestatedthatalmosthalfoftheworld'spopulationisfacinghighwaterstressforatleastonemonthayear.Withtheimpactsofclimatechangeworseningwatershortages,harvestingwaterfromairvapour(蒸氣)hasbeenhighlyspokenofbysomeasasustainablesolutiontoglobalfreshwaterinsecurity.PHANTORisaninnovationharvestingwaterfromairvapour.DesignedbytheAustrianstudioDOIT,the40-footlongatmosphericwatergeneratorcanharvest10,000litersofwateradayfromambienthumidity—enoughwatertosupplyaresidentialapartmentblockorhospital.Theatmosphericwatergeneratorsucksinwatervapourandcondenses(凝結(jié))itintoliquidusingacoolingsystempoweredbyelectricityorsolarenergy.Thewaterpassesthroughcarbonandbacterialfilters.Beingavailableintwocompactsizes,40-footand20-footshippingcontainers,makesthemhighlyportablecomparedtoothergeneratormodels.Thismobilitygivesthemthepotentialtoreachremotecommunities,respondtodisastersandservewater-stressedagriculturalsiteseffectively.TheirtechnologywasrecentlyshowcasedattheGREENTECHFESTIVALinSingapore,wherethecompanyusedwaterfromthegeneratortowaterthelocalgardens.TheyestimatethatinaclimatelikeSingapore's,one40-footunitcanproduce2.8millionlitersperyear.Thisiscomparedto600,000litersthatcanbeproducedayearinaclimatelikeGermany's.However,oneofthemaindrawbacksofthistechnologyisthatindustrialscalewatergeneratorsrequireagreatdealofenergytooperate—around70kWtorunoneunit,equaltohalfafootballfieldofsolarpanels.Theyalsoyieldsubstantiallyhigherquantitiesofwaterinmorewetenvironments,andarethereforemoreorlesseffectivedependingontheirgeographiclocation.32.WhatisthepurposeofthePHANTORprogram?A.Torelievewatershortage.B.Topurifypollutedwatersources.C.Tohelppeopleinremoteareasgetwater.D.Tohelppeoplereducetheirdailyconsumption.33.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellusaboutPHANTOR?A.Howitisdesigned. B.Howitrespondseffectively.C.Howitharvestswater. D.Howitdiffersfromothermodels.34.WhydoestheauthormentionthePHANTORinSingaporeinparagraph4?A.Todisplaydifferentwaterusage. B.Toshowthetechnologypotential.C.Toproveeachunithasitsadvantage. D.Topointoutthegenerator'sdrawbacks.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthistext?A.CountriesfacingthepressingissueoflackofwaterB.ChallengesofwatersecurityacrosstheworldC.PopularityoftheatmosphericwatergeneratorD.Aninnovationharvestingwaterfromairvapour〖答案〗32.A33.C34.B35.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。短文介紹了大氣水生成器PHANTOR的工作原理、有點(diǎn)和局限性以及在解決全球淡水問(wèn)題上的潛力?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Today,wearefacingaglobalwatercrisis:TheUNannouncedfivebillionpeoplewillfacewatershortagesby2050.”（今天，我們正面臨著全球性的水危機(jī):聯(lián)合國(guó)宣布，到2050年，將有50億人面臨水資源短缺。）根據(jù)第二段“PHANTORisaninnovationharvestingwaterfromairvapour.”（PHANTOR是一種從空氣蒸汽中收集水分的創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品。）可知，PHANTOR計(jì)劃的目的是緩解缺水。故選A項(xiàng)。【33題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Theatmosphericwatergeneratorsucksinwatervapourandcondenses（凝結(jié)）itintoliquidusingacoolingsystempoweredbyelectricityorsolarenergy.Thewaterpassesthroughcarbonandbacterialfilters.Beingavailableintwocompactsizes,40-footand20-footshippingcontainers,makesthemhighlyportablecomparedtoothergeneratormodels.”（大氣水發(fā)生器利用電力或太陽(yáng)能驅(qū)動(dòng)的冷卻系統(tǒng)吸收水蒸氣并將其凝結(jié)成液體。水通過(guò)碳和細(xì)菌過(guò)濾器。有兩種緊湊的尺寸，40英尺和20英尺的集裝箱，使它們與其他發(fā)電機(jī)模型相比非常便攜。）可知，第三段主要關(guān)于PHANTOR它是如何收獲水分的。故選C項(xiàng)。【34題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“TheirtechnologywasrecentlyshowcasedattheGREENTECHFESTIVALinSingapore,wherethecompanyusedwaterfromthegeneratortowaterthelocalgardens.TheyestimatethatinaclimatelikeSingapore's,one40-footunitcanproduce2.8millionlitersperyear.Thisiscomparedto600,000litersthatcanbeproducedayearinaclimatelikeGermany's.”（他們的技術(shù)最近在新加坡的綠色科技節(jié)上展出，該公司利用發(fā)電機(jī)的水澆灌當(dāng)?shù)氐幕▓@。他們估計(jì)，在新加坡這樣的氣候條件下，一個(gè)40英尺的裝置每年可以生產(chǎn)280萬(wàn)升。相比之下，在德國(guó)這樣的氣候條件下，每年可以生產(chǎn)60萬(wàn)升葡萄酒。）可知，在第4段提到新加坡的PHANTOR的目的是展示技術(shù)潛力。故選B?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文以及第二段“PHANTORisaninnovationharvestingwaterfromairvapour.DesignedbytheAustrianstudioDOIT,the40-footlongatmosphericwatergeneratorcanharvest10,000litersofwateradayfromambienthumidity—enoughwatertosupplyaresidentialapartmentblockorhospital.”（PHANTOR是一種從空氣蒸汽中收集水分的創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品。這個(gè)由奧地利DOIT工作室設(shè)計(jì)的40英尺長(zhǎng)的大氣水發(fā)生器，每天可以從周?chē)臐穸戎惺占?萬(wàn)升水，足夠供一個(gè)住宅公寓樓或醫(yī)院使用。）可知，短文介紹了大氣水生成器PHANTOR的工作原理、有點(diǎn)和局限性以及在解決全球淡水問(wèn)題上的潛力。所以標(biāo)題為“一項(xiàng)從水蒸氣中收集水分的創(chuàng)新”切題。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Thesedays,almosteveryonehasacameraonthemviatheirphone.It’struethatthere’snosubstitute(代替物)foraprofessionalcamerawhenitcomestoquality,butwithafewsimplesteps,youcancapturesomeprettyamazingshotswithyoursmartphonetoo.____36____Herearesometipstohelpyoutakeyoursmartphonephotographytothenextlevel.Takemultipleshots.Oneofthebestthingsaboutsmartphonephotographyisthatyoucantakeasmanyphotosasyouwantandthereisnoneedtoprintthemofftoseetheresults.____37____Burstphotos(連拍照片)aregoodtousewhenyoursubjectmoves.Onceyou’vetakenasetofburstphotos,youcanthenselectthebestshots.____38____Veryfewsmartphonescanproduceexcellentindoorshotsduetotheirsmallsensors.Therefore,it’sbesttotakephotosoutdoorsintheproperlightingconditionstogetbetterresults.Lightingdeterminesnotonlybrightnessanddarkness,butalsomood,toneandtheatmosphereofthephoto.UseHDRmode.____39____Itaddsdetailfromthedarkandlightareastoprovidebetterbalancedexposure.Inotherwords,itwillstoptheskybeingtoobrightorthegroundbeingtoodarkandreallysuitslandscapephotography.Ifthere’sabigdifferencebetweenthelightestanddarkestpartsofyourscene,usingtheHDRfunctionisagoodoption.Edityourphotos.Theeditingtoolsorsomeappsonyourphonecanhelpyouadjustthecolor,brightnessandmore.Afterbeingedited,yourphotoswilllooksignificantlybetter.____40____Finally,ifyouwanttoknowhowtotakeaprofessionalphotowithyourphone,thebesttipofallistopractice!A.Usenaturallight.B.Areyoureadytolearnhow?C.Andyou’lldefinitelybeproudofyourphotos.D.Whycan’twetakegoodphotoswithsmartphones?E.Thismodeisincreasinglycommononmanysmartphones.F.Thismakesitmucheasiertolearnandimprovefromyourresults.G.Trydifferentmodesonyourphonestofindtheproperlightingcondition.〖答案〗36.B37.F38.A39.E40.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一些智能手機(jī)攝影技巧?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Thesedays,almosteveryonehasacameraonthemviatheirphone.It’struethatthere’snosubstitute(代替物)foraprofessionalcamerawhenitcomestoquality,butwithafewsimplesteps,youcancapturesomeprettyamazingshotswithyoursmartphonetoo.(如今，幾乎每個(gè)人的手機(jī)上都有攝像頭。的確，就質(zhì)量而言，沒(méi)有什么可以替代專(zhuān)業(yè)相機(jī)，但只需幾個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的步驟，你也可以用智能手機(jī)拍出一些非常驚人的照片)”以及后文“Herearesometipstohelpyoutakeyoursmartphonephotographytothenextlevel.(這里有一些技巧可以幫助你把你的智能手機(jī)攝影提升到一個(gè)新的水平)”可知，本句為過(guò)渡句，通過(guò)設(shè)問(wèn)承上啟下，說(shuō)明學(xué)習(xí)攝影技巧。故B選項(xiàng)“你準(zhǔn)備好學(xué)習(xí)了嗎？”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Takemultipleshots.Oneofthebestthingsaboutsmartphonephotographyisthatyoucantakeasmanyphotosasyouwantandthereisnoneedtoprintthemofftoseetheresults.(多拍幾張。智能手機(jī)拍照最棒的一點(diǎn)是，你可以想拍多少就拍多少，而且不需要打印出來(lái)看結(jié)果)”可知，本句承接上文，總結(jié)智能手機(jī)不需用打印出來(lái)看結(jié)果的好處。故F選項(xiàng)“這使你更容易從結(jié)果中學(xué)習(xí)和提高”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Veryfewsmartphonescanproduceexcellentindoorshotsduetotheirsmallsensors.Therefore,it’sbesttotakephotosoutdoorsintheproperlightingconditionstogetbetterresults.Lightingdeterminesnotonlybrightnessanddarkness,butalsomood,toneandtheatmosphereofthephoto.(由于傳感器小，很少有智能手機(jī)能拍出出色的室內(nèi)照片。因此，最好在戶(hù)外適當(dāng)?shù)墓饩€條件下拍攝，以獲得更好的效果。燈光不僅決定了明暗，還決定了照片的情緒、色調(diào)和氛圍)”可知，后文提到最好在戶(hù)外適當(dāng)?shù)墓饩€條件下拍攝，戶(hù)外即強(qiáng)調(diào)使用自然光。故A選項(xiàng)“使用自然光”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“UseHDRmode.(使用HDR模式)”以及后文“Itaddsdetailfromthedarkandlightareastoprovidebetterbalancedexposure.Inotherwords,itwillstoptheskybeingtoobrightorthegroundbeingtoodarkandreallysuitslandscapephotography.Ifthere’sabigdifferencebetweenthelightestanddarkestpartsofyourscene,usingtheHDRfunctionisagoodoption.(它增加了黑暗和光明區(qū)域的細(xì)節(jié)，以提供更好的平衡曝光。換句話說(shuō)，它會(huì)阻止天空太亮或地面太暗，非常適合風(fēng)景攝影。如果你的場(chǎng)景中最亮和最暗的部分之間有很大的差異，使用HDR功能是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇)”可知，本句承接上文，繼續(xù)介紹HDR模式的特點(diǎn)。故E選項(xiàng)“這種模式在許多智能手機(jī)上越來(lái)越普遍”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Edityourphotos.Theeditingtoolsorsomeappsonyourphonecanhelpyouadjustthecolor,brightnessandmore.Afterbeingedited,yourphotoswilllooksignificantlybetter.(編輯你的照片。手機(jī)上的編輯工具或一些應(yīng)用程序可以幫助你調(diào)整顏色、亮度等。經(jīng)過(guò)編輯后，你的照片看起來(lái)會(huì)好很多)”可知，上文提到了編輯過(guò)的照片看起來(lái)好很多，本句為本段最后一句，推測(cè)說(shuō)明對(duì)照片的感受。故C選項(xiàng)“你一定會(huì)為你的照片感到驕傲的”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Marydevelopedundulantfeverattheageof4.Thediseasecancausetemporaryparalysis(癱瘓).____41____,Marywasleftunabletowalkforsometime.Sheisnow92yearsoldandgoestothe____42____twiceaweek.Sheevendrivestherebyherselftotakeexercise,butifyoulookbackatherlifeyou’dnever____43____hertoendupwiththistypeoflife.Undulantfeverisrarenowadaysbutitwascommoninthepastduetomilk____44____.Milkwasoftencontaminated(受污染的)and____45____alotofbacteria(細(xì)菌).WhenMary____46____fromthefever,herbodyhadforgottenhowtowalk.____47____,shehadtoteachherselftowalkagain.Onedaywhenherfamilyhadgonetowork,Marywasleftathome.Shedecidedto____48____hermotherwhenshereturned.Mary____49____alldayagainandagain.Whenhermotherreturned,Marysurprisedherbyshowingoffhernew____50____towalk.Ashortdistanceasitwas,hermotherwasextremely____51____.SincethenMary’sfamilyhasshowedmore____52____thanlovetoherforherdetermination.Nowshestillcan’twalkeasilywithouthelp,butshenevergivesup.She____53____goingbecauseofherphilosophy—“IfIgiveup,Iwon’tgetupagain”.Herfamilyareblessedtohavesucha(n)____54____womanasaninspirationfortheirlives.Shewon’tbewiththemfortherestoftheirlives,butshewillcontinuetoinspirethemuntilhertimecomes.Ihopeeverybodycan____55____thegiftofwalking,whichwetakeforgranted,asmuchasMary.41.A.Suddenly B.Unusually C.Accidentally D.Unfortunately42.A.clinic B.restaurant C.church D.gym43.A.persuade B.recommend C.expect D.allow44.A.pollution B.shortage C.promotion D.price45.A.kept B.contained C.produced D.sought46.A.escaped B.retired C.recovered D.returned47.A.Instead B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.However48.A.ask B.follow C.surprise D.remind49.A.jumped B.ran C.sang D.practiced50.A.ability B.energy C.potential D.knowledge51.A.annoyed B.disappointed C.excited D.frightened52.A.respect B.anxiety C.interest D.wisdom53.A.forgets B.keeps C.stops D.avoids54.A.honest B.selfless C.courageous D.generous55.A.imagine B.describe C.purchase D.appreciate〖答案〗41.D42.D43.C44.A45.B46.C47.B48.C49.D50.A51.C52.A53.B54.C55.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了瑪麗四歲時(shí)患了波狀熱，導(dǎo)致暫時(shí)性癱瘓，無(wú)法行走。但是瑪麗沒(méi)有放棄，她通過(guò)練習(xí)重新得到了走路的能力，贏得了家人的尊重，也激勵(lì)著他人。【41題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，瑪麗有一段時(shí)間不能走路了。A.Suddenly突然；B.Unusually非常；C.Accidentally意外