2025年上海市英語高考一輪復(fù)習(xí)：強調(diào)句和省略句（知識梳理）（含詳解）

考點05強調(diào)句和省略句

模塊導(dǎo)航

模塊一：課前熱身練

模塊二：核心考點梳理：省略句

模塊三：核心考點梳理：強調(diào)句

模塊四：當(dāng)堂限時檢測

模塊一課前熱身練

1.ItwasalongtheMississippiRiverMarkTwainspentmuchofhischildhood.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）

2.It'stheplanet'sintenseheatcausesittoglow.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）

3.Itwasnotuntilthebeginningofthiscenturywetrulygotridofpovertyandcreatedabrightfuture.（用適當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

詞填空）

4.Researchersclaimthatyoungpeoplemayriskgoingdeafif（expose）toveryloudmusiconadailybasis.

（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

5.Thetwinscheeredupanddidas（tell）.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

6.Whendeeply（absorb）inhisphone,hedidn'tnoticehismotherapproaching.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

7.Hearingtheunexpectednews,Maryfrozewithshock,asif（root）tothespot.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

8.ItisbylearningcookingIhavestrengthenedmyrelationshipwithmyparents.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）

9.ItwasmyheadteacherIrespectmosthelpedmeoutwheneverIwasintrouble.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）

10.Noonewillbeallowedtoentertheprivateclubunless（privilege）.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

省略句是我們在學(xué)習(xí)英語過程中能不斷體驗收獲和趣味的一種慣用手法，無論是說話還是寫作，都要求生動活

潑，簡明扼要。按照語法的分析，有時句子應(yīng)具備的成分出于修辭上的需要，會缺少一個或幾個句子語法結(jié)構(gòu)所必

要的語言成分，但在一定語境中可獨立存在，仍能表達其意義完整并發(fā)揮交流功能的句子則被稱為省略句。省略的

結(jié)果不僅能使句子結(jié)構(gòu)更加精練，而且可起到連接上下文并使相鄰詞語達到強調(diào)的作用。

省略句的分類

（一）句中成分的省略

1.主語的省略

Begyourpardon.（我）請你原諒。（Beg前省略了主語I）

Comeon!得了吧（你）?。–ome前省略了主語You）

2.謂語的省略

Johnisalawyer,hiswife（is）acleaner.

SomeofusstudyJapanese,others（study）English.

3.表語的省略

Shewasaloverofsportsas（因為）shehadbeeninheryout/?（在她年輕的時候）.（hadbeen后面省略了aloverof

sports）

4.賓語的省略

Let'sdothecases.Illreadandyou'lltype,（read和type后面省略了賓語cases）

5.定語的省略

Ispentpartofthemoney,andtherestIgave,（therest后面省略了定語ofthemoney）

6.狀語的省略

Shewasn'tcry.Strange!（Strange前面省略了狀語how）

（二）句中結(jié)構(gòu)的省略

1.簡單句的省略

1）名詞所有格之后的省略

Heisgoingtohisuncle's（house）.

2）含therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中的省略

（Isthere）Anythingwrong?

3）獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中的分詞如為being或havingbeen時的省略

Theexamination（being）over,wealllefttheschool.

4）不定式的省略

（1）并列的不定式

Herjobistotakecareoftheeldersand（to）washtheirclothes.

（2）為避免重復(fù)，作某些動詞hope,want等賓語或tell,order,ask的賓補時，省略不定式短語，只保留不定式符

號to.

Thechildwantedtoplayinthestreet,buthermothertoldhernotto.

（此句中notto后省略了和上文相重復(fù)的playinthestreet.）.

（3）感官動詞see,hear,feel,notice,hear或使役動詞let,make,have,等后跟不定式作賓補時省略to.

Isawthegirlcrossthestreet.

Ihadmyfatherrepairmybike.

注意：當(dāng)感官動詞與使役動詞用于被動時，需恢復(fù)to的省略！如：Thegirlwasseentocrossthestreet.

（4）有hadbetter,wouldrather,can'tbut或Whynot等句型后面直接跟動詞原形，實際上是接省to的不定式。

Youhadbettertellmethetruth.

Icouldnotbut（to）laughathim.

Whynotgoandasktheteacherforhelp?

（5）在回答問句及其它形式的答語中，如有和上文重復(fù)的不定式時，在答語中只保留其不定式符號to,而把

動詞和其它部分省略。

一Wouldyouliketocometodinnertonight?

一I'dliketo.ButI'mtoobusy.（此句中的I'dliketo后省略了cometodinnertonight.）

5)介詞(或介詞短語)的省略

(1)動名詞前面的介詞in在一定條件下常被省略

Wespentalargesumofmoney(in)buildingthemansion.

而當(dāng)spendmoneyindoingsth,結(jié)構(gòu)用于被動語態(tài)時in不能省略

Alargesumofmoneywasspentinbuildingthemansion.

(2)near或。pposite作形容詞表示“在…的附近”或“在…對面”時后接的介詞to可省略

Itisnear(to)theairport,opposite(to)thesupermarket.

(3)of+形容詞+名詞作補語表示大小、年齡、形狀、顏色或價格時of常被省略

Weare(of)thesameage,Isuppose.

(4)含有side,height,length,size,shape等慣用語前介詞on有時可被省略

Trytokeepyourdiscourse(on)thissideof3000words.

(5)有些動詞、名詞、形容詞習(xí)慣搭配介詞短語，在以what,when,how,whether,that出現(xiàn)的從句或不定式短

語之前有時被省略介詞短語asto.

Becareful(asto)howyoudothat.

6)同源賓語的省略

同源賓語的修飾語是形容詞最高級或含有最高級意義時可以省去該同源賓語

Duringthefootballmatch,thefansallshoutedtheirloudest(shout).

Shesanghersweetest(song).

7)英語中慣用的省略句型

即，What/Howabout后只跟名詞、代詞或動名詞(短語)，以及感嘆句中的省略現(xiàn)象。

Howaboutthetwoofustakingawalkdownthegarden?

Whatabeautifulview(itis)!

2.并列句中的省略

1)并列句的省略是最常見的，一般說來，在后一并列句中凡是與上文相同的成分通常都會被省略。

Tosomesmileisveryeasy,andtoothers(smileis)sohard.

2)簡單句的并列結(jié)構(gòu)中也常有省略的做法

Wemaygotherebytrainor(by)air.

3)并列平行結(jié)構(gòu)有時會出現(xiàn)在狀語從句中

Asfamiliesmoveawayfromtheirstablecommunity,theirfriendsofmanyyears,theirextendedfamilyrelationships,

theinformalflowofinformationiscutoff,andwithittheconfidencethatinformationwillbeavailablewhenneededand

willbetrustworthyandreliable.

(此句中，前一個分句帶一個As引導(dǎo)的狀語從句，狀語從句中moveawayfrom后為并列平行結(jié)構(gòu)，their…，

their…，their…在and后的分句中，theconfidence后省略了iscutoff.)

3.復(fù)合句中的省略

1)復(fù)合句中從句的句尾和主句相重復(fù)時從句的句尾部分可省掉

MaryisgoingtosweepthefloorbecauseAlicewon't(sweepthefloor).

2)含有定語從句的復(fù)合句

(1)定語從句中可以省略作賓語的關(guān)系代詞；非正式文體中，也可省略關(guān)系副詞when或why.

Ishallneverforgettheday(when)IenteredTVUniversity.

Ilikethefilmfortheveryreason(why)youdislikeit.

(2)關(guān)系代詞as后面的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)也可省略

Hegavethesameansweras(hehadgiven)before.

3)含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句

(1)在兩個并列的that從句如主動詞及其賓語、表語、狀語等都一樣時可將第二個that從句的主動詞及隨帶

成份省略。

IguessLisawilldanceinthepartybutJanewon't(danceintheparty).

(2)在兩個并列的that從句如主語相同，而謂語不同，可把第二個that從句的連詞和主語一起省略。

TellPeterthatI'llcalltoseehimand(thatI'll)havetalkwithhim.

(3)在兩個并列從句如連詞不同而其它成份相同時，可省略第一分句和第二分句相同的部分，只把兩個連詞

連接起來。

Herparentsdon'tknowwhen(shewasborn)andwhereshewasborn.

(4)在以某些形容詞或過去分詞，如：sure,glad,certain,pleased,happy,afraid,surprised,satisfied的詞所引導(dǎo)

的賓語從句中，連詞that可省略。

Wearen'tsurewhichthebestis.

Iwasverypleasedmyfriendhadpassedtheexam.

(5)在以which,when,where,how和why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，其謂語與主句謂語相同時省略全部謂語，有時

甚至主語也可省略，只保留一個wh?的詞。

Hecan/tgotoschool,butIdon/tknowwhy(hecan'tgotoschool).

4)含有狀語從句的復(fù)合句

狀語從句中的省略原則是，如主語與主句主語一致，或主語是it,可省略從句的連接詞、主語和be助動詞，只

保留分詞和其它成分，從而使語言更加簡潔明了。

(1)時間狀語從句中的省略

IfavorEnglishwhen(Iwas)apupil.

(2)地點狀語從句中的省略

Theriveriscleanwhere(itis)deep.

(3)讓步狀語從句中的省略

Although(shewas)theyoungestofthegroup,shewonalltheprizes.

(4)方式狀語從句中的省略

Thebabyclosedhiseyesasif(hewere)tosleep.

(5)條件狀語從句中的省略

Shewon'tcomeunless(sheis)invited.

(6)原因狀語從句中的省略

(Ifwewere)Givenmoreattention,theplantscouldhavegrownbetter.

(7)比較狀語從句中的省略

YoucanplaythegamejustaswonderfullyasI(do).

在以than和as引導(dǎo)的比較結(jié)構(gòu)的狀語從句中，省略某些與主句相同的成分或在特定上下文中有某些不言而喻

的成分，可省掉整個as/than從句。

Thepianosintheothershopwillbecheaper,(thanthoseinthisshop),but(theyare)notasgood(asthoseinthis

shop).

(8)狀語從句中并列結(jié)構(gòu)的省略

在復(fù)合句中，如兩個并列的狀語從句只是從屬連詞不同，其它相同時，則可省略一個狀語從句，而把兩個從屬

連詞連接起來。

Theywillbearrivingeitherbefore(thefilmbegins)orafterthefilmbegins.

5)虛擬語氣條件句中if的省略.

與If引導(dǎo)的條件從句中含有were,had時，可將if省略，并用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。

WereIyou,Iwouldn'tgowithhim.

考點剖析

11.Manyleft-behindchildren,whenformaleducation,willprobablyshowtheirtalentinmanyaspects.

A.receiveB.receivedC.toreceiveD.receiving

12.—Howisthemaninjuredintheaccident?

—Thedoctorsaidifinaproperway,hewaslikelytobesaved.

A.treatedB.treatingC.istreatedD.tobetreated

13.Eveniffamiliesarelesslikelytoeattogetherthan,millionsofBritonsstillsitdownforChristmasdinner.

A.ithadbeenbeforeB.theyhadbeenbefore

C.thecasewasonceD.wasoncethecase

14.Whentofeelunworthy,childrenoftenworkextrahardtopleasetheirparents.

A.tomakeB.makingC.madeD.havingmade

15.Anyonewillbefiredifinthetest.

A.catchingcheatingB.caughtcheating

C.tocatchcheatingD.caughtcheated

16.Thegovernmentquicklyrealizedthat,,thepollutionwillonlygetworse.

A.unlessproperlydealtwithB.ifnotproperlydealingwith

C.ifdealtnotproperlywithD.unlessdealtwithitproperly

17.ThoughinSanFrancisco,DaveMitchellhadalwayspreferredtorecordtheplainfactsofsmall-townlife.

A.beingraisedB.raisingC.raisedD.havingraised

18.Ourlivingroom8metresacross,ifinmetres.

A.ismeasured;measuredB.ismeasuredin;measuring

C.measures;measuredD.measuresin;measuring

19.Therearesomeseeminglyinsignificantmattersthat,whenintime,canbecomebiggeroneslateron.

A.aren'tdealtwithB.notdealtwithC.nothavingdealtwithD.notbeingdealtwith

20.Children,whenbytheirparents,areallowedtoenterthestadium.

A.beingaccompaniedB.toaccompanyC.accompanyingD.accompanied

模塊三1核心考點梳理：強調(diào)句

基礎(chǔ)知識

（-）定義

所謂強調(diào)，就是指要突出句子中的某一部分，使其顯得更加重要。

（二）強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)

一）強調(diào)謂語動詞

強調(diào)謂語動詞只能對肯定句的一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時進行強調(diào)。一般在謂語動詞前面加助動詞do,does或dido

Hedidwritetoyoulastweek.

IdohopeyouamerryChristmas.

二）強調(diào)句型：ltis/was+被強調(diào)部分+that+其他部分

強調(diào)人

強調(diào)物/

V/

Itis/was+強調(diào)部分+that/who+其他成分

I、

》強調(diào)主語、賓語、狀語

只能是單數(shù)

1、強調(diào)成分

①強調(diào)主語或主語從句

ItwasMarywho/thatmetheroldclassmateintheparkyesterday.

Itiswhatwedoandhowwedoitthatdecideifwecansucceed.

②強調(diào)賓語或賓語從句

Itwasheroldclassmatewho/thatMarymetintheparkyesterday.

ItwaswhenhewouldgoabroadthatheaskedTom.

③強調(diào)時間狀語或時間狀語從句

ItwasyesterdaythatMarymetheroldclassmateinthepark.

Itwaswhenhegotbackthatheknewwhathadhappened.

④強調(diào)地點狀語或地點狀語從句

ItwasintheparkthatMarymetheroldclassmateyesterday.

Itwaswherehewentyesterdaythathelosthisbag.

⑤強調(diào)原因狀語或原因狀語從句

Itwasbecauseofthebadweatherthathepostponedhistrip.

Itisbecausehehadworkedhardonhislessonthathepassedthefinalexam.

注意：該句型可強調(diào)because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，但通常不能強調(diào)由since,as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從

句，另外也不強調(diào)由although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。

2、疑問形式

Jimtoldusthenews.（非強調(diào)句）

ItwasJimthattoldusthenews.（強調(diào)句型的陳述句形式）

WasitJimthattoldusthenews.（強調(diào)句型的一般疑問句形式）

Whowasitthattoldusthenews.（強調(diào)句型的特殊疑問句形式）

總結(jié)：

①一般疑問句的強調(diào)句型：Is/Wasit+被強調(diào)部分+that+其他?

Wasitin1939thatTheSecondWorldWarbrokeout?

②特殊疑問句的強調(diào)句型：特殊疑問詞+is/was+it+that+其他？

Whatwasitthatmadeyousohappy?

Whowasitthatphonedjustnow?

③反意疑問句的強調(diào)句型

ItwasattenlastnightthatIknewthenews,wasn/tit?

④對特殊疑問句的強調(diào)置于從句中時：注意語序

Idon'tknowwhatitisthatmakesyousad.

3、時態(tài)

強調(diào)句中的時態(tài)只用兩種，一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時。原句謂語動詞是過去的相應(yīng)時態(tài)用Itwas...,是現(xiàn)在和

將來的相應(yīng)時態(tài)用Itis....

ItwastwoyearsagothatIbegantolearndrawing.

It'sMarywho/thathasdonesuchterriblethings.

It'sMarywho/thatwillgotoseethedoctortomorrow.

4、not...until的強調(diào)形式

強調(diào)含有notuntil的句子在強調(diào)notuntil句型時，not位于until從句前，主句謂語動詞作相應(yīng)變化，即it

is（was）+notuntil從句+that+其它。

e.g.普通句：Hedidn'tgotobeduntil/tillhiswifecameback.

強調(diào)句：Itwasnotuntilhiswifecamebackthathewenttobed.

5、強調(diào)句與主語從句的區(qū)別

主語從句譯成中文時不可加上“正是……”“就是……”之類字眼，若刪去“Itis/was…that...”，則原句不成立。

而強調(diào)句型若刪去“Itis/was...that/who../\原句結(jié)構(gòu)與語意均完整，譯成中文時，?？杉由稀罢恰【褪恰?/p>

之類字眼。

ItistruethatheoncewenttoAmerica.

Itwasat8o'clockthathecameback.

6、強調(diào)句與狀語從句的區(qū)別

Itwasat7:00thatIarrived.正是在7:00時,我到了。（強調(diào)句型,強調(diào)時間狀語at7:00）

Itwas7:00whenIarrived.當(dāng)我到達時，時間是7:00。（時間狀語從句，在7:00前無介詞at）

7、含有定語從句的強調(diào)句型

在被強調(diào)的名詞后再設(shè)計一個以該名詞為先行詞的定語從句，這時不要把定語從句當(dāng)作強調(diào)句。

Itwasthisschoolwhere（inwhich）heoncestudiedthatgavehimachanceofteaching.

三）雙重否定表強調(diào)

Takingpart-timejobsisneverwithoutdrawbacks.

Thereisnorulethathasnoexception.

四）What引導(dǎo)的主語從句表強調(diào)

Whathedidwashelpthepolicecatchthethief.

Whatreallymattersiscooperation.

五）倒裝表強調(diào)

Littledopeopletakeintoaccounttheseriousnessofthisproblem.

六）比較狀語表強調(diào)

Nothingismoreimperativethantolearnfromthepast.

考點剖析

21.Itwasplayingcomputergamestooktheboyalotoftimethatheoughttohavespentonhislessons.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.it

22.ItwasnotuntiltheWarofResistanceAgainstJapaneseAggressionendedthattohishometown.

A.didhereturnB.didn'thereturnedC.hereturnedD.hedidn'treturn

23.ItMikeandMarywhohelpedtheoldmanseveraldaysago.

A.wasB.isC.areD.were

24.Itisinthevillageweusedtolivethefilmwasmade.

A.that;whereB.where;thatC.which;thatD.that;which

25._wasthisdictionary_Iborrowedinthelibrary.

A.It;thatB.This;whichC.It;whoD.That;when

26.Itwasthetraininghehadatschoolmadehimagoodjumper.

A.what;whatB.what;thatC.that;thatD.that;what

27.ItwasinthestreetIwentshoppingwithyoulastweekImetZhangHua,ouroldclassmate.

A.where;thatB.which;whenC.that;thatD.that;which

28.Itwasnotuntilhecamebackhomeheknewwhathadhappened.

A.thatB.whichC.whenD.while

29.Icomehereyesterday.Ijuststoodhere.

A.doB.doesC.didD.done

30.Itwas11thDecemberXuChengchenggotthefirstprizeinNationalEnglishSpeechCompetition.

A.in;whenB.in;thatC.on;whenD.on;that

模塊四當(dāng)堂檢測（難度兩星）

31.Getupearlytomorrow.Ifyouwillmisstheearlybus.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）

32.Though（major）inengineering,theladymadeeveryefforttolearncalligraphywhich

（regard）asanartform.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

33.Itwasn'tuntilinhighschoolIbegantotrustotherpeopleagain.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）

34.Chinesemedicinemightbeslowlyincuringthepatientofthedisease,butithaslessserioussideeffectsevenif

（take）frequently,foreachmedicinalherbisprescribed（開處方）forthebenefitofthepatient,causingnoharmtotheliver

orthekidneys.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

35.When（ask）aboutthesecretofhissuccess,thefamousathletesaidthatitresultedfromhiswifeandchildren's

consistentsupport.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

36.Theycouldbeinterpretedawelcominggreetingfromaclosefriend,especiallyif（accompany）by

agentlesmile.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

37.When（speak）byastranger,theycanfunctionasa（mean）ofattractingyourattention.（所給詞的適

當(dāng)形式填空）

38.Thenewhybridgrainsarefirmerthannaturalgrains,andwhen（cook）theymaintaintheirtraditional

appearance.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

39.Hecouldn'tmakeoutwhyitwassherefusedtoadmittherewasaprobleminherplan.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填

空）

40.Johncouldn'tmakeoutwhyitwasLucyrefusedtoadmittherewasaprobleminherplan.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填

空）

41.Itwasonlywhenhefinallydriftedofftosleeptheheadacheseased.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）

42.AlthoughitwastenyearsagoIreadthebook,itshowsmeauniversaltruththatbooksarefriends,always

pushingustomoveon.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）

43.If（leave）aloneoutside,dogsandcatscanbeverysmartintheirsearchforwarmshelter.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形

式填空）

44.Toanyneighboringcountries,borderissues,unless（handle）properly,willdirectlyaffecttherelationship

betweenthemandevenleadtoconflicts.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

45.Knowingsometipswillhelp（sure）thatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfamily—no

matterwhereyouareintheworld.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

46.As（plan）,itwillbeheldontheplaygroundfrom5p.m.to8p.m.nextSunday.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

47.Thesemountainsareasplendidsightwhen（view）fromthevalleyfloor.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

48.Thesebadhabits,ifnot（stop）,couldresultinmoreseriousproblemswhentheybecomeadults.（所給詞的

適當(dāng)形式填空）

49.When（permit）,youcanhaveaccesstotheInternetinourschool.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

50.Ilearnedthiswhile（take）careofaseagullunfortunateenoughtoswallowahook.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

51.Whatwasitbroughtyoutwotogether?Wasityourloveofmusic?（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）

52.Moreimportantly,itisthefamoustouristattractionsofBeijingattractalargenumberoftouristsfromallover

theworldeveryyear.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）

53.ItwasnotuntilIsettleddownandlivedinBeijingIhadachancetopayavisittotheGreatWall.（用適當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

詞填空）

54.Itwasthedriverratherthanthestudentsthat（be）responsiblefortheaccident.（用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

55.Itwasnotuntiltheteacherhadtoldhimherealizedhismistakes.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）

56.IhavetosayitisthroughfailuresIhavelearnedsomuch,whichbuildsupmyconfidencetoovercomeany

challengeahead.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）

57.Theresearchersarestillworkinghardtofigureoutitwasthatcausedthedisease.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）

58.WhiletheQinlingMountainshavelongbeenknownasthenorthernedgeofgiantpandahabitat,wasonly

in2005thattheQinlingpandawasrecognizedasadistinctsubspeciesofgiantpanda.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）

59.Itwasn/tuntilthedayIsetfootintothemuseumIcouldgenuinelycomprehendandfullyembracethe

profoundbeautyandculturalsignificancethesemasterpiecesheld.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）

60.CouldithavebeentheotherdayTomsawMaryseatedanddressingherselfonthebed?（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.For

theblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword:fortheotherblanks,useoneword

thatbestfitseachblank.

Inthefallof1903,0.HenrywaslivinginaroomatthesmallHotelMartyinNewYorkCity.Hehadpublishedafew

storiesinlocalmagazines,butwasstillrelativelyunknownwheneditorsattheNewYorkWorldnewspapersentayoung

reporter61（track）downthismysteriouswriter.Bythenextday,O.Henryhadanagreementwiththe

newspapertowriteonestoryaweekforthemagazinesectionoftheirSundayedition.TheWorldhad62（large）

dailycirculationintheworld,andO.Henry'sstoriesaboutNewYorklifebecameimmenselypopular.Bythetimeheleft

thenewspaperafterlessthanthreeyears,0.Henryhadestablishedhisreputation63agiftedstorytellerand

masterofsurpriseendings.

0.HenrywasthepennameusedbyWilliamSydneyPorter,whowasborninNorthCarolina.Attheageof

twenty,hemovedtoTexas.64heheldavarietyofjobs,eventuallybecomingabankteller.Hemarriedand

becameareporterandcolumnistfortheHoustonPost.Afterafewyears,hiswife65（diagnose）withaserious

infectiousdisease,andhewasaccusedofillegallytakingthemoneyofthebankwhereheworked.Somepeoplehave

claimed66hewasstealingmoneytohelppayhiswife'smedicalbills.0.HenryfledtoCentralAmerica,buthis

wifewastooilltoaccompanyhim.Monthslater,67herconditionworsened,hereturnedandturnedhimselfin

tothepolice.Hiswifesoondied,and0.HenryspentthreeyearsinprisoninOhio.Itwasduringhistimeinprisonthathe

beganwritingthestoriesthatwouldmakehimfamous.W.S.Porter68（emerge）fromprisonas0.Henry.

In19020.HenrymovedtoNewYorkCityandstartedtryingtosellhisstories.Inafewyearshisluckchangedforthe

better,andhispositionwiththeNewYorkWorldhelpedmakehima69（celebrate）author.Hepublishedmore

thanthreehundredstoriesandgainedworldwideacclaim.0.Henry'swritingisadmiredforitscolorfulandrealistic

depictionsoftheeverydaylivesofNewYorkers.Hisstoriesareknownfortheirplottwistsandsurpriseendings.Infact,0.

Henry'sownlifeendedwitha“twist"—hisfuneralwassomehowscheduledinthesamechurchatthesametimeas

someoneelse/swedding!The0.HenryAward70(honor)theauthorsofthebeststoriesprintedeachyearin

Americanmagazines.

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.For

theblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useoneword

thatbestfitseachblank.

Animal-rightsactivistsoftencomplainthatcutebeastsgetmoresympathythanuglyones.Ifso,onewouldthinka

lovelycreaturelikethemink(貂)wouldbeeasytoprotect.YetintheNetherlands,minkistheonlyanimal71can

stilllegallybefarmedfortheirfur.Thatisabouttochange.OnAugust28ththegovernmentbroughtforwardtothisyeara

ban72mink-farmingthathadbeenscheduledtotakeeffectin2025.Thetimetablewasspedupnotbecausemink

hadbecomemoreadorable,73becausetheycancontractCOVID-19andspreadittohumans.

Dutchfarmersnormallyraisedabout2.5millionminksayear,74(make)theNetherlandstheworld's

fourth-largestproducerafterDenmark,ChinaandPoland.InApril,acoupleofminksandthefarmhandswhotendedthem

75(diagnose)withCOVID-19.Genetictracingshowedthatatleasttwoworkershadprobablybeeninfectedbymink,

ratherthantheotherwayaround.Theaffectedanimalsweredestroyedandstricterhygieneruleswereimposed,butby

summerthevirushadspreadtoathirdofthecountry'sfarms.

ThatwasawinfortheNetherland/sPartyfortheAnimals,whichhasfourseatsinthe150-memberparliament.In

2013,76helpedpassthelawthatgaveminkfarmersuntil2025togetoutofthebusiness.Somemembersof

parliamentclaimthatthecompensation77(pay)fordestroyingtheinfectedminkswashigherthanthemarket

pricefortheirfur.

Furfarmerssaymodernstandardsallowminkstoberaisedhumanely,and78theyarenotabigreasonfor

thespreadofthevirus.Butminkstendtolivebythemselvesinsteadoflivingingroups;animal-rightsadvocatessaythey

cannotberaisedhumanelyinsmallcages.AsforCOVID-19,theworryis79minkcouldserveasamediumforitto

attackhumanimmunization(免疫)programs.Theindustry'svalueismodest,andpollsshowthepublicoverwhelmingly

opposesit."Inademocraticcountry,thatwidespreadbelief80translateintoapoliticaldecisiontobanfur

farming/saysEstherOuwehand,leaderofthePartyfortheAnimals.Thefarmersaccepttheyareshuttingdown.The

remainingargumentisovermoney.

考點05強調(diào)句和省略句

模塊導(dǎo)航

模塊一：課前熱身練

模塊二：核心考點梳理：省略句

模塊三：核心考點梳理：強調(diào)句

模塊四：當(dāng)堂限時檢測

模塊一課前熱身練

1.ItwasalongtheMississippiRiverMarkTwainspentmuchofhischildhood.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）

2.It'stheplanet'sintenseheatcausesittoglow.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）

3.Itwasnotuntilthebeginningofthiscenturywetrulygotridofpovertyandcreatedabrightfuture.（用適當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

詞填空）

4.Researchersclaimthatyoungpeoplemayriskgoingdeafif（expose）toveryloudmusiconadailybasis.

（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

5.Thetwinscheeredupanddidas（tell）.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

6.Whendeeply（absorb）inhisphone,hedidn'tnoticehismotherapproaching.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

7.Hearingtheunexpectednews,Maryfrozewithshock,asif（root）tothespot.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

8.ItisbylearningcookingIhavestrengthenedmyrelationshipwithmyparents.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）

9.ItwasmyheadteacherIrespectmosthelpedmeoutwheneverIwasintrouble.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）

10.Noonewillbeallowedtoentertheprivateclubunless（privilege）.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）

省略句是我們在學(xué)習(xí)英語過程中能不斷體驗收獲和趣味的一種慣用手法，無論是說話還是寫作，都要求生動活

潑，簡明扼要。按照語法的分析，有時句子應(yīng)具備的成分出于修辭上的需要，會缺少一個或幾個句子語法結(jié)構(gòu)所必

要的語言成分，但在一定語境中可獨立存在，仍能表達其意義完整并發(fā)揮交流功能的句子則被稱為省略句。省略的

結(jié)果不僅能使句子結(jié)構(gòu)更加精練，而且可起到連接上下文并使相鄰詞語達到強調(diào)的作用。

省略句的分類

（一）句中成分的省略

1.主語的省略

Begyourpardon.（我）請你原諒。（Beg前省略了主語I）

Comeon!得了吧（你）！（Come前省略了主語You）

2.謂語的省略

Johnisalawyer,hiswife（is）acleaner.

SomeofusstudyJapanese,others（study）English.

3.表語的省略

Shewasaloverofsportsas（因為）shehadbeeninheryout/?（在她年輕的時候）.（hadbeen后面省略了aloverof

sports）

4.賓語的省略

Let'sdothecases.Illreadandyou'lltype,（read和type后面省略了賓語cases）

5.定語的省略

Ispentpartofthemoney,andtherestIgave,（therest后面省略了定語ofthemoney）

6.狀語的省略

Shewasn'tcry.Strange!（Strange前面省略了狀語how）

（二）句中結(jié)構(gòu)的省略

1.簡單句的省略

1）名詞所有格之后的省略

Heisgoingtohisuncle's（house）.

2）含therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中的省略

（Isthere）Anythingwrong?

3）獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中的分詞如為being或havingbeen時的省略

Theexamination（being）over,wealllefttheschool.

4）不定式的省略

（1）并列的不定式

Herjobistotakecareoftheeldersand（to）washtheirclothes.

（2）為避免重復(fù)，作某些動詞hope,want等賓語或tell,order,ask的賓補時，省略不定式短語，只保留不定式符

號to.

Thechildwantedtoplayinthestreet,buthermothertoldhernotto.

（此句中notto后省略了和上文相重復(fù)的playinthestreet.）.

（3）感官動詞see,hear,feel,notice,hear或使役動詞let,make,have,等后跟不定式作賓補時省略to.

Isawthegirlcrossthestreet.

Ihadmyfatherrepairmybike.

注意：當(dāng)感官動詞與使役動詞用于被動時，需恢復(fù)to的省略！如：Thegirlwasseentocrossthestreet.

（4）有h