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閱讀理解題型及解題技巧主講:張生偉實(shí)用文檔1.細(xì)節(jié)理解2.猜測詞義3.推理判斷4.主旨大意5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度6.篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題型及解題技巧實(shí)用文檔123456主旨大意細(xì)節(jié)理解觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度篇章結(jié)構(gòu)推理判斷猜測詞義閱讀技巧實(shí)用文檔細(xì)節(jié)理解實(shí)用文檔本類試題主要考查學(xué)生對閱讀材料中的某一特定細(xì)節(jié)或文章的主要事實(shí)的理解能力。問題包括詢問人(who)、物(what)、時(shí)間(when)、地點(diǎn)(where)、原因(cause)、結(jié)果(effect)、文中的數(shù)據(jù)(data)等。新聞、說明文、廣告信息等常??疾檫@些細(xì)節(jié)。常見問題形式有:Whichofthefollowingistrue/falseexcept…?Whichofthefollowingismentionedexcept…三正一誤三誤一正實(shí)用文檔1.Accordingtothepassage,who/what/which/when/Where/why/how/howmany/howmuch/howlong/Howsoon/howoften,etc.?2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue/nottrue?3.Accordingtothepassage,Whichofthefollowingisnotmentioned?4.AllofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPT___.5.Inthepassagethewriterstatesthat____.6.Choosethebestorderinwhichthepeopledo________.實(shí)用文檔2.定義;3.比較;4.年代與數(shù)字5.原因和結(jié)果此類試題的答案一般可以在文章中直接或間接找到,但不可能與閱讀材料一模一樣。SampleIHooverDamlies______.A.betweenArizonaandNevadaB.intheBlackCanyonC.betweenNewYorkandSanFrancisco D.bothAandB實(shí)用文檔ThishugedamisintheBlackCanyon.Itispossibletodriveacarfromonesideoftherivertotheotheronaroad,whichisonthetopofthedam.Thisdamissobigthatthereisanelevatorinside.……ThishugedamwascalledBoulderDamwhenitwasfinishedin1936.LateritwasrenamedHooverDaminhonorofapresidentoftheUnitedStates.HooverDam,oneofthehighestdamsintheworld,issituatedbetweenthestatesofArizonaandNevada.實(shí)用文檔2.定義;3.比較;4.年代與數(shù)字5.原因和結(jié)果此類試題的答案一般可以在文章中直接或間接找到,但不可能與閱讀材料一模一樣。HooverDamlies______.A.betweenArizonaandNevadaB.intheBlackCanyonC.betweenNewYorkandSanFrancisco D.bothAandBSampleI實(shí)用文檔SampleIIWhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.LuoLinisanativeofShanghai.B.LuoLinmovedtoHongKongwithherparents.C.LuoLinwonthetitleofMissAsiain1991.D.AsiaTVStationhelpedLuoLintobecomeMissAsia.實(shí)用文檔MissLuoLin,MissAsiaof1991,…BorninShanghaiandtakentoHongKongwhenshewasonlysixyearsold,LuoLinhasneverdreamedofbeingMissAsia.Herchildhooddreamwastobeanairhostess.Beforeshetookpartinthecompetition,shehadbeenanairhostessinCathayAirlineforsevenyears.However,itstilltookherthreemonthstolearntheartofwalkingonthestage,dancing,singing,making-upandotherpropermanners,designedbytheAsiaTVStation.實(shí)用文檔SampleIIWhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.LuoLinisanativeofShanghai.B.LuoLinmovedtoHongKongwithherparents.C.LuoLinwonthetitleofMissAsiain1991.D.AsiaTVStationhelpedLuoLintobecomeMissAsia.moved實(shí)用文檔MissLuoLin,MissAsiaof1991,…BorninShanghaiandtakentoHongKongwhenshewasonlysixyearsold,LuoLinhasneverdreamedofbeingMissAsia.Herchildhooddreamwastobeanairhostess.Beforeshetookpartinthecompetition,shehadbeenanairhostessinCathayAirlineforsevenyears.However,itstilltookherthreemonthstolearntheartofwalkingonthestage,dancing,singing,making-upandotherpropermanners,designedbytheAsiaTVStation.taken實(shí)用文檔Accordingtoscientists,theDIRECTcauseofmoreandfiercerstormsis

.A.greenhousegasemissions(散發(fā))inindustrializednationsB.highersurfacewatertemperaturesoftheseaC.continuousglobalwarming D.risingsealevelsSampleII實(shí)用文檔…reportedtotheEarthPolicyInstitutethatthenationsufferedanunusauallyhighnumberoffiercestormsinthepasttenyears.Manyscientistsconnecthighersurfacewatertemperaturesresultingfromglobalwarmingtogreaterandmoredamagingstorms.connectto實(shí)用文檔Accordingtoscientists,theDIRECTcauseofmoreandfiercerstormsis

.A.greenhousegasemissions(散發(fā))inindustrializednationsB.highersurfacewatertemperaturesoftheseaC.continuousglobalwarming D.risingsealevelsSampleII實(shí)用文檔LaupepawasnotsatisfiedwiththeUnitedStatesbecauseitdidnot

.A.agreetoreduceitsgreenhousegasemissionsB.signanagreementwithTuvaluC.a(chǎn)llowTuvaluanstomovetotheUSD.believetheproblemsfacingTuvaluwererealSampleIII實(shí)用文檔LaupepaexpresseddissatisfactionwiththeUnitedStatesforrefusingtosigntheKyotoProtocol,aninternationalagreementcallingforindustrializednationstoreducetheirgreenhousegasemissions,whichareamaincauseofglobalwarming.“Byrefusingtosigntheagreement,theUShaseffectivelytakenawaythefreedomoffuturegenerationsofTuvaluantolivethere,”LaupepatoldtheBBC.實(shí)用文檔LaupepawasnotsatisfiedwiththeUnitedStatesbecauseitdidnot

.A.agreetoreduceitsgreenhousegasemissionsB.signanagreementwithTuvaluC.a(chǎn)llowTuvaluanstomovetotheUSD.believetheproblemsfacingTuvaluwererealSampleIII(故意用與原文中一模一樣的詞來迷惑考生)?實(shí)用文檔JackLondon’slastdayswere______.

A.usualonesB.notpooronesC.richonesD.unhappyonesSampleIV實(shí)用文檔JackLondonwasafamousAmericanwriter.Heburnedhimselfoutwhenhewas40.Hethoughtofhismother,Flora,whohadneverbeenaveryresponsibleperson.Hewassureshewasmentallyillandthathewasbecominglikeher.Atlasthebecametootiredtocare.Hewouldnotworkandcontinuedtospendmoneyhedidnothave.Hewouldnotchangehislife,orhiswriting,perhapshecouldnot.實(shí)用文檔JackLondon’slastdayswere______.

A.usualonesB.notpooronesC.richonesD.unhappyonesSampleIV實(shí)用文檔Youhavetopayatleast______ayearifyoustudyattheUniversityofWaikato.A.$5,250B.$8,000C.$9,000D.$11,000SampleV實(shí)用文檔TuitionFees(學(xué)費(fèi))

Tuitionfeesaredifferentfromdepartmenttodepartment,generallyfrom$5,000to$6,000ayear.Forfurtherinformation:tui@waikato.a(chǎn)c.nz.

Accommodation(住宿)

Youcanhavearoomina4-bedroomflat,whichwillcostabout$100amonthwithotherregularlivingcostsofabout$150amonthforoneperson.Forfurtherinformation:acc@waikato.a(chǎn)c.nz實(shí)用文檔$5000(學(xué)費(fèi))+$100(住宿費(fèi))x12(months)+$150(生活費(fèi))x12=$8000.Youhavetopayatleast______ayearifyoustudyattheUniversityofWaikato.A.$5,250B.$8,000C.$9,000D.$11,000SampleV實(shí)用文檔Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderofshoppingwiththecomputerizedshoppingcarts?a.Startthesystem.b.Makeashoppinglist.c.Findthethingsyouwant.d.Gotoaself-checkoutstand.A.abdc B.bacdC.acbdD.bcadSampleV實(shí)用文檔Peoplecanuseahomecomputertomaketheirshoppinglists.Onceatthestore,ashoppercanuseapreferredcustomercardtostartasystem(系統(tǒng))thatwillorganizethetriparoundthestore.Ifyou'relookingfortoothpicks,youtypeinthewordorpickitfromalist,andamapwillappearonthescreenshowingwhereyouareandwhereyoucanfindthem.實(shí)用文檔Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderofshoppingwiththecomputerizedshoppingcarts?a.Startthesystem.b.Makeashoppinglist.c.Findthethingsyouwant.d.Gotoaself-checkoutstand.A.abdc B.bacdC.acbdD.bcadSampleV實(shí)用文檔猜測詞義實(shí)用文檔QuestionForm(1)Theword“…”inLine…means/canbebestreplacedby…(2)Asusedinthepassage,thephrase“…”suggests…(3)Fromthepassage,wecaninferthattheword/phrase“…”is/refersto…(4)Theword“…”isclosestinmeaningto…實(shí)用文檔根據(jù)解釋確定詞義技巧11.Socialmobilityisthemovementfromoneclassorleveloflivingtoanother.2.Theotherquestionedtheveracity--–thetruthfulnessofthesereports.社會流動性真實(shí)性實(shí)用文檔3.Heisaresoluteman,oncehesetsupagoal,hewillnotgiveitupeasily.4.Hewasaprestidigitatorwhoentertainedthechildrenbypullingrabbitsoutofhats,swallowingfire,andothersimilartricks.堅(jiān)決的變戲法者實(shí)用文檔根據(jù)對比確定詞義技巧2Inthepasttheworldseemedtoruninanorderlyway.Now,however,everythingseemstobeinastateofturmoil.一片混亂實(shí)用文檔根據(jù)邏輯確定詞義技巧3Ifyouarecapableofworkingtwelvehoursadaywithoutarest,andifyoucanengageinphysicalexerciseforhourswithoutseemingtogettired,thenyouareindefatigable.不知疲倦的實(shí)用文檔根據(jù)上下文情景確定詞義技巧4Theunderlinedphrase“moppingup”inthesecondparagraphmeans___.AcleaningupBtakinginCwipingoutDgivingout實(shí)用文檔RainforestsliketheAmazonareimportantformoppingupCO2fromtheatmosphereandhelpingtoslowglobalwarming.CurrentlythetreesintheAmazontakeinaround500milliontonsofCO2eachyear:equaltothetotalamountofCO2givingoffintheUKeachyear.實(shí)用文檔根據(jù)上下文情景確定詞義技巧4Theunderlinedphrase“moppingup”inthesecondparagraphmeans___.

AcleaningupBtakinginCwipingoutDgivingout實(shí)用文檔1.Theoffspringofapairofbirdsleavethenestwhentheyarebigenoughtofly.A.childrenB.a(chǎn)ncestorsC.generationsD.mates2.ThereisastackofpapersonMr.Green’sdesk.A.pieceB.balanceC.mixtureD.pileTrytodothefollowingexercises:根據(jù)上下文推測各題中劃線詞的詞義實(shí)用文檔3.Beforeyoubuysomething,checkthe

qualityfirst.Forexample,ifitischeap,itmightnotbegood.A.howgooditisB.whatthecolorisC.whatthesizeisD.howbigitis4.Pleasegivemeyourrecipeforthiscake,soIcanmakeittoo.A.a(chǎn)dishB.directionsforcookingC.a(chǎn)mealD.directionstoyourhouse實(shí)用文檔5.Beforeababylearnstowalk,ithasto

crawlonthefloor.A.walkontwofeetB.flyC.sitinachairD.moveonthehandsandknees6.Mr.Brownisanamateur

photographer.Heisanengineer.Butinhisfreetimehelikestotakepictures.A.asahobbyB.formoneyC.a(chǎn)sajobD.a(chǎn)swork實(shí)用文檔7.ThissmallChristmastreeismadeofplastic.Itisnotarealtree.Itis

artificial.A.beautifulB.notnaturalC.foraspecialholidayD.inanartmuseum8.whalesandelephantsaregigantic

animals.Nootheranimalscancomparewiththeminsize.A.smallB.landC.seaD.huge實(shí)用文檔9.Thekiwilaysthelargesteggsintheworld.Thestrangethingaboutthekiwiisthatitcannotfly.A·akindoffishB.a(chǎn)kindofcatC.akindofrockD.a(chǎn)kindofbird10.SomeAfricanscarvebeautifulhumanandanimalfiguresoutofwood.Theyselltheircarvingstostoresandmuseums.A.drawB.beatC.heatD.cut實(shí)用文檔11.Chickenpoxcanbeveryseriousforachildwhoisnotingoodhealth.Thechilddevelopsredspots,andfeelshotanduncomfortable.Ahealthychildgetswellquickly.A.a(chǎn)kindofanimalB.a(chǎn)kindoffoodC.a(chǎn)kindofchildhooddiseaseD.a(chǎn)lackofpurewater實(shí)用文檔12.Alishowedtheclassapictureofhim,hiswife,andtheirbaby.Pierre'sfamilyhaslivedintheeastofCanadafortwohundredyears.TheirancestorscamefromFrance.

A.familymembersfromalongtimeagoB.grandparentsandtheirgrandchildrenC.parents,grandparentsandgreat-grandparentsD.familymembersalllivingatthesametime實(shí)用文檔推理判斷實(shí)用文檔1.不選擇照抄原文的選項(xiàng),要選擇要有同義詞解釋的選項(xiàng)。2.不選事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)選項(xiàng)3.不選非事實(shí)選項(xiàng)4.選概括性/哲理性的選項(xiàng)技巧實(shí)用文檔常見問題形式:1.Itcanbeinferred/concludedfromthepassagethat______2.Thepassagesuggests/impliesthat____3.Bythefirstsentenceofthesecondparagraph,theauthormeans_____4.Wecanconcludethat_________.5.Whenthewritertalksabout...,whathereallymeansisthat_____.6.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?實(shí)用文檔1.Thewritertalkedaboutthewaitress'agebecausehethought___________.A.shewasyoungB.itapleasuretomakefriendswithherC.shewasbeautifulD.itstrangeforhertofallinlovewithhim2.Thewaitresssaidhellotothewritereverydaybecause___________.A.shelivednearhishouseB.heoftenwenttovisithermotherC.shewantedtobefriendlywithhimD.shelovedhimverymuch實(shí)用文檔Whentheyoungwaitressnearmyhousestartedsayinghellotomeeveryday,Iwasveryhappy.ShewasatleastfifteenyearsyoungerthanI.Onedayshesignedmetocomenear.WhenIwalkedover,sheasked,”Areyousingle?"“Why,yes."Ianswered,smilingatherhappily.“Soismymother."shesaid,“Wouldyouliketomeether?"實(shí)用文檔1.Thewritertalkedaboutthewaitress'agebecausehethought___________.A.shewasyoungB.itapleasuretomakefriendswithherC.shewasbeautifulD.itstrangeforhertofallinlovewithhim2.Thewaitresssaidhellotothewritereverydaybecause___________.A.shelivednearhishouseB.heoftenwenttovisithermotherC.shewantedtobefriendlywithhimD.shelovedhimverymuch實(shí)用文檔1.Whydopeopleputhotmetalinwater?A.Tomakeithard.B.Tomakeitsoft.C.Tomakeitcool.D.Tomakeitbrittle.2.Inannealing,therequiredhardnessofmetaldependson__.A.thequantityofwaterusedB.thetemperatureofthemetalC.thesoftnessofthemetalD.thetimingoftheoperationSample2實(shí)用文檔3.Assuggestedbythetext,howcanglassbemadelessbrittle?A.Itcanbeheatedandthencooledquickly.B.Itcanbecooledandthenheatedslowly.C.Itcanbeheatedandthencooledslowly.D.Itcanbecooledandthenheatedquickly.實(shí)用文檔Annealingisawayofmakingmetalsofterbyheatingitandthenlettingitcoolveryslowly.Ifmetalisheatedandthencooledveryquickly,forexamplebydipping(浸)itinwater,itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle-thatis,itwillbreakeasily.Metalthathasbeenannealedissoftbutdoesnotbreakaseasily.Itispossibletomakemetalashardorassoftasitiswished,byannealing實(shí)用文檔it.Themetalisheated,andallowedtocoolslowlyforacertainlengthoftime.Thelongertheheatedmetaltakestocoolslowly,thesofteritbecomes.Annealingcanalsobeusedonothermaterial,suchasglass.實(shí)用文檔1.Whydopeopleputhotmetalinwater?A.Tomakeithard.B.Tomakeitsoft.C.Tomakeitcool.D.Tomakeitbrittle.2.Inannealing,therequiredhardnessofmetaldependson___________.A.thequantityofwaterusedB.thetemperatureofthemetalC.thesoftnessofthemetalD.thetimingoftheoperationSample2實(shí)用文檔3.Assuggestedbythetext,howcanglassbemadelessbrittle?A.Itcanbeheatedandthencooledquickly.B.Itcanbecooledandthenheatedslowly.C.Itcanbeheatedandthencooledslowly.D.Itcanbecooledandthenheatedquickly.實(shí)用文檔觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度實(shí)用文檔理解作者的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度題:既考查學(xué)生對字面意思的理解,也考查學(xué)生對作者寫作目的、態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)等的理解。正確理解作者的寫作意圖,所持的觀點(diǎn)及闡述文章主題時(shí)語氣或他對所論述的對象的態(tài)度。假如你是作者,你為什么要寫本文?實(shí)用文檔此類考題的主要形式:1.Thewriter’spurposeinwritingthisstoryis______.2.Thetextdiscussesmenandwomen50,000yearsfromnowinordertoshowthat_____.實(shí)用文檔辨認(rèn)三種作者使用的表達(dá)情感、態(tài)度及觀點(diǎn)的詞匯,以及承接上下文的連接詞。注意:貶義:disgust,critical,negative,tolerant,disappointment褒義:

positive,wonder,support,useful,interesting,enthusiasm,admiring…中立:

indifferent,impassive,uninterested,ambivalent,neutral,apathetic,disinterested,

實(shí)用文檔Theauthorappears___modernadvertising.

A.tolikeB.tobeindifferenttoC.todislikeD.toknowhowtodealwithe.g.實(shí)用文檔Oneofthemostauthoritativevoicesspeakingtoustodayis,ofcourse,thevoiceoftheadvertisers.Itshoutsatusfromthetelevisionscreenandtheradioloudspeakers;wavestousfromeverypageofthenewspaper;signalstousfromtheroadsidebill-boardsalldayandflashestousincoloredlightsallnight.(根據(jù)文章作者用詞來判斷)實(shí)用文檔Theauthorappears___modernadvertising.

A.tolikeB.tobeindifferenttoC.todislikeD.toknowhowtodealwithe.g.實(shí)用文檔Thewriterusestheexampleof“ocelots”toshowthat_________.A.wildanimalshavebecomemoredangerousB.thedrivingconditionshaveimprovedgreatlyC.themeasureforprotectingwildlifefailstoworkD.anincreasingnumberofanimalsarekilledinroadaccidents.實(shí)用文檔MillionsofanimalsdieeachyearonU.S.roads,theFederalHighwayAdministrationreports.Infact,onlyabout80ocelots,anendangeredwildcat,existintheU.S.today.Themainreason?Roadkill.實(shí)用文檔Thewriterusestheexampleof“ocelots”toshowthat_________.A.wildanimalshavebecomemoredangerousB.thedrivingconditionshaveimprovedgreatlyC.themeasureforprotectingwildlifefailstoworkD.anincreasingnumberofanimalsarekilledinroadaccidents.實(shí)用文檔篇章結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)用文檔1.說明文的基本結(jié)構(gòu)DescriptivewritingDefinition(Introduction)Description(Explanation)ConclusionExamplesComparisonClassification實(shí)用文檔2.議論文的基本結(jié)構(gòu)ArgumentationTopicArgumentsconclusionOpinionSupportingsentencesfactsexamplestheory論點(diǎn)論據(jù)結(jié)論實(shí)用文檔3.記敘文的基本結(jié)構(gòu)NarrativewritingsStorypresentationEndingTimecluesInvertedtimecluessurprisinghumorous實(shí)用文檔對文章基本結(jié)構(gòu)理解的考查方式:1.問結(jié)構(gòu)1)Howisthetextorganized?A.Topic—Argument—ExplanationB.Opinion—Discussion—DescriptionC.Mainidea—comparison—supportingexamplesD.Introduction—supportingexamples--conclusion實(shí)用文檔2)Thefirstparagraphisusedas…/to…3)ThefirstparagraphmentionedPeterJennings’deathinorderto______.2.問指代1)Theword“everything”inparagraph2means____2)Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinparagraph4referto?實(shí)用文檔3.問文章出處/前文/后續(xù)1).Thepassageismostlikelytobetakenfrom___2.Thepassageismostlikelyapartof____3)Thepassageismostlikelytobetakenfromthearticleentitled_____4)Whatmaybetalkedaboutbeforethefirstparagraph?/afterthelastparagraph?5)Theparagraphfollowingthepassagewillprobablydiscuss____實(shí)用文檔主旨大意

考查考生技巧加工與濃縮信息的能力實(shí)用文檔如何做主旨大意題

做此類題目時(shí),首先要搞清的是問某一段還是全文的大意,可利用文中主要信息來把握文脈,進(jìn)行綜合歸納,概括文章的主題。如有標(biāo)題,標(biāo)題中的蘊(yùn)含的信息往往是關(guān)鍵信息。另外,任何一篇文章都是圍繞某個主題展開的,因此,許多文章中最明顯的特點(diǎn)之一是有一個反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的中心詞,即高頻詞,也叫做主題詞。抓住了它,便容易抓住文章的中心。實(shí)用文檔一、題型特點(diǎn)這類試題主要考查學(xué)生把握全文主題和理解中心思想的能力,也包括分析歸納文章的段落大意、重要情節(jié)、人物特征、環(huán)境特點(diǎn)的能力。這種試題要求考生能把握文章的總體,并真正理解主題和中心句;要求能較好地運(yùn)用概括、判斷、歸納、推理等邏輯思維的方法,難度較大,屬于高層次題。實(shí)用文檔1.標(biāo)題類常見的題型:1.Thebesttitle/headlineforthispassagemightbe____.2.Thetext(passage)couldbeentitled

.3.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?4.Whichofthefollowingwouldbesuitableasatitleforthepassage?二:題干表現(xiàn)形式實(shí)用文檔1.Thispassagechieflydealswith____.2.What’sthetopicofthearticle?3.Whatisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext?4.Withwhattopicisthepassagechieflyconcerned?2:大意類常見題型實(shí)用文檔Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthepassageis______.Thepassageismeantto_____Thepurposeofthisarticleis_______3:目的主旨大意常見題型實(shí)用文檔三:主題句呈現(xiàn)的形式A.文首提出主題,隨之用細(xì)節(jié)來解釋,支撐或發(fā)展主題句所表達(dá)的主題思想.最常見的演繹法寫作方式。實(shí)用文檔1Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Experimentsshowthatcigarettesmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousandterribledisease(illness),cancer,cigarettesmokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblems.Forexample,itcangiveonea“smoker’scough”.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforcigarettesmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblekiller,cancer,smokingisharmful.Isitworthit?Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.實(shí)用文檔1.Thepandaisapopularanimal.StoriesaboutthepandaintheWashingtonZooarealwaysfrontpagenewsandimportantfeaturesontelevisionnewscasts.Stuffedpandasareamongthemostpopulartoysforchildren,andpandapostcardsarealwaysindemandinzoogiftshops.Sample2實(shí)用文檔Sample3Todaytheproblemofenvironmenthasbecomemoreandmoreserious.Theworldpopulationisrising,soquicklythattheworldhasbecometoocrowded.Weareusingupournaturalresourcestooquicklyandatthesametimewearepollutingourenvironmentwithdangerouschemicals.Ifwecontinuetodothis,humanlifeonearthwillnotsurvive.實(shí)用文檔B.文尾在表述細(xì)節(jié)后,歸納要點(diǎn),印象,結(jié)論建議或結(jié)果,以概括主題.這是英語中最常見的歸納法寫作方式。實(shí)用文檔2Oftennoonelooksmoreguiltythantheinnocent.Ontheotherhand,nobodymaylookmoreinnocentthanaprofessi--onalcriminal.Andthemanwhoknows“everything”mayreallyonlybetryingtohidehisownweakness.So,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearanceSo,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance實(shí)用文檔Somestudentspreferastrictteacherwhotellsthemexactlywhattodo.Othersprefertobelefttoworkontheirown.Stillotherslikeademocraticdiscussiontypeofclass.Nooneteachingmethodcanbedevisedtosatisfyallstudentsatthesametime.實(shí)用文檔C.文中通常前面只提出問題,文中的主題由隨之陳述的細(xì)節(jié)或合乎邏輯的引申在文中導(dǎo)出,而后又作進(jìn)一步的解釋,支撐或發(fā)展。實(shí)用文檔3Ifyouwereplanningtobuyatelevisionset,thefollowingadvertisementwouldcertainlydrawyourattention:“ColorTV.Only$79.Twodayssale.Hu--rry.”However,whenyougotothestorereadytobuy.Youmaydiscoverthattheyaresoldout.Buttheshopassistantisquicktotellyouthathehasanothermodel.Amuchbettersetwhichis“justrightforyou”Itcosts$395.Thissalesmethodiscalled“baitandswitch”.Buyersarebaitedwithasalesadvertisement,andthentheyareswitchedtoanothermoreexpensiveone.Buyingthingsonsaleneedscarefulconsiderationofthegoodsandthereasonforthesale.Theparagraphcouldbeentitled_________.A.BuyingATVSetB.ASellingMethodC.BuyerBewareD.TVOnSaleThissalesmethodiscalled“baitandswitch”.(detail)(detail)(detail)實(shí)用文檔Nothingisasusefulasaflashlightinadarknightifatiregoesflat.Fewinventionsaresohelpfultoachildwhoisafraidofthedark.Infact,themodernflashlightbringslighttomanydarksituations.Findingsomethinginthebackofaclosetiseasywithaflashlightinhandacamperalsoneedsoneafterthelightofthecampfirehasbeenout.實(shí)用文檔無主題句即主題句隱含在全文中,沒有明確的主題句.必須根據(jù)文篇中所提供的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié),進(jìn)行全面考慮,綜合分析,然后找出共同的東西,歸納成一般概念。必須注意的是,既不能以偏概全,也不能在概括時(shí)過于寬泛,要恰如其分。實(shí)用文檔

4

TomstudiedfouryearsattheUniversityofParisanddecidedtoleavebeforehisgraduation.HetransferredtotheUniversityofBerlinandgraduatedwithhonors.HarvardLawSchooland,later,BostonCollegeprovidedhimwithanexcellentlegalbackground.HeispresentlyacorporationlawyerinMiami,Florida.

Themainideaofthisparagraphisthat______.

A.Tom,whohadstudiedatParisUniversitiesforfour

years,movedtoanotheruniversity.

B.Tombecamealawyersincehisgraduationfrom

HarvardLawSchoolandlaterfromBostonCollege.

C.Tomwasanexcellentstudentwhenhestudiedat

Berlinuniversity.

D.Tomreceivedanexcellenteducation.detaildetaildetail實(shí)用文檔TypesOfParagraphStructuresAtthebeginningAttheendInthemiddleNocleartopicsentenceforexample……so,therefore,……實(shí)用文檔特別注意:文章中的but,however,asaresult,therefore等詞。它們通常是引出中心主旨的方向詞。而forexample,first,ortobeginwith等是引出細(xì)節(jié)的信息詞,在它們之前往往提到文章的中心主旨。實(shí)用文檔

PassageB(NMET2003)Readingtodogsisanunusualwaytohelpchildrenimprovetheirliteracyskills(讀寫能力).Withtheirshiningbrowneyes,waggingtails,andunconditionallove,dogscanprovidethenonjudgmentallistenersneededforabeginningreadertogainconfidence(自信心),accordingtoIntermountainTherapyAnimals(ITA)inSaltLakeCity.Thegroupsaysitisthefirstprograminthecountrytousedogstohelpdevelopliteracyinchildren,withtheintroductionofReadingEducationAssistanceDogs(READ).TheSaltLakeCityPublicLibraryissoldontheidea.“Literacyspecialistsadmitthatchildrenwhoreadbelowtheleveloftheirfellowpupilsareoftenafraidofreadingaloudinagroup,oftenhavelowerself-respect,andregardreadingasaheadache,”saidLisaMyron,managerofthechildren’sdepartment.LastNovemberthetwogroupsstarted“DogDayAfternoon”inthechildren’sdepartmentofthemainlibrary.About25childrenattendedeachofthefourSaturday-afternoonclasses,readingforhalfanhour.Thosewhoattendedthreeofthefourclassesreceiveda“pawgraphed”bookatthelastclass.TheprogramwassosuccessfulthatthelibraryplanstorepeatitinApril,accordingtoDanaThumpowsky,publicrelationsmanager.

Exampleandsuccessoftheprogram實(shí)用文檔Howtogetthemainideaofapassage?實(shí)用文檔

PassageB(NMET2003)Readingtodogsisanunusualwaytohelpchildrenimprovetheirliteracyskills(讀寫能力).Withtheirshiningbrowneyes,waggingtails,andunconditionallove,dogscanprovidethenonjudgmentallistenersneededforabeginningreadertogainconfidence(自信心),accordingtoIntermountainTherapyAnimals(ITA)inSaltLakeCity.Thegroupsaysitisthefirstprograminthecountrytousedogstohelpdevelopliteracyinchildren,withtheintroductionofReadingEducationAssistanceDogs(READ).TheSaltLakeCityPublicLibraryissoldontheidea.“Literacyspecialistsadmitthatchildrenwhoreadbelowtheleveloftheirfellowpupilsareoftenafraidofreadingaloudinagroup,oftenhavelowerself-respect,andregardreadingasaheadache,”saidLisaMyron,managerofthechildren’sdepartment.LastNovemberthetwogroupsstarted“DogDayAfternoon”inthechildren’sdepartmentofthemainlibrary.About25childrenattendedeachofthefourSaturday-afternoonclasses,readingforhalfanhour.Thosewhoattendedthreeofthefourclassesreceiveda“pawgraphed”bookatthelastclass.TheprogramwassosuccessfulthatthelibraryplanstorepeatitinApril,accordingtoDanaThumpowsky,publicrelationsmanager.

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