高中英語必修7第4單元上課單詞

(build)castlesintheair（建）空中樓閣，幻想，空想Therehasbeenabiginputofresourcesintotheprojectfromindustry.工業(yè)界對這個項目投入了大量資源。Shehasanenormouscapacityforhardwork.她特別能吃苦耐勞。McCarthywasaskedtoanalysethedatafromthefirstphaseoftrialsofthevaccine.麥卡西被要求分析從這種疫苗試驗的第一階段取得的數(shù)據(jù)。Thepatientsufferedamassiveheartattack.病人嚴重心臟病發(fā)作了。acapacity(forsth/fordoingsth)/(todosth)領悟（或理解、辦事）能力analysisn.分析；分解；驗定（復數(shù)形式analyses）makeananalysisof分析……analystn.分析者；精神分析醫(yī)師analyticaladj.分析的；分解的JaronLaniercoinedtheterm"virtualreality"andpioneereditsearlydevelopment.加隆·雷尼爾首創(chuàng)“虛擬現(xiàn)實”一詞，并率先進行早期開發(fā)。asignificantbreakthroughinnegotiations談判中的重大突破financialadj.金融的；財政的，財務的financiern.金融家，理財家，財政家；投資家，（為項目或企業(yè)）提供資金者Thefundhasbeenusedlargelytofinancetheconstructionofschoolsinremoteareas.該基金大部分已用于資助建造偏遠地區(qū)的學校Theteachertreatedusasautonomousindividualswhohadtolearntomakeupourownmindsaboutissues.老師視我們?yōu)楠毩€體，必須學會自主處理問題。Theirdomesticreformsdidnothingtosolvetheproblemofunemployment.他們的國內(nèi)改革沒有采取任何措施以解決失業(yè)問題。threatn.威脅，恐嚇threatenedadj.受到威脅的;v.威脅（threaten的過去分詞）threateningadj.危險的；脅迫的；兇兆的;v.威脅；恐嚇；迫近（threaten的ing形式）Animals’survivalisthreatenedbyoutdoorlighting.動物的生存受到戶外照明的威脅。Thelossofglaciersthereduetoglobalwarmingrepresentsanenormousthreattoagriculture.由于全球變暖，那里的冰川消失，對農(nóng)業(yè)構成巨大威脅。commitacrime做出（錯或非法的事）；犯（罪或錯等）commitmurderetc.犯兇殺罪等commitsb/oneself(tosth/todoingsth)承諾，保證（做某事、遵守協(xié)議或遵從安排等）commitmentn.承諾，保證；委托；承擔義務；獻身；花費金錢、時間、人力等TherepresentativesurgedCongresstoapproveplansfortheirreformprogramme.代表敦促國會批準他們有關改革項目的計劃。TomhadanurgetoopenashopofhisownontheInternet.湯姆很想開一家自己的網(wǎng)店urgesth(on/uponsb)大力推薦；竭力主張urgesbtodosth敦促某人做某事haveanurgetodosth做某事的欲望urgencyn.緊急；催促；緊急的事restrictoneself/sb(tosth/todoingsth)約束；管束restrictionn.限制；約束；束縛toimpose/placearestrictiononsthg.對某事實行限制Themoviehasbeencriticizedforapparentlyadvocatingviolence.這部電影因明顯地宣揚暴力而受到了指責。Doctorsissuedawarningagainsteatinganyfishcaughtintheriver.醫(yī)生發(fā)出警告不要吃在那條河里捕的魚。Theyaredemandingthatalltroops(should)bewithdrawn.他們強烈要求所有部隊撤離。apparentadj.顯然的；明顯的；表面上的togivesbaverbal/written/finalwarning向某人發(fā)出口頭╱書面╱最后警告warnvt.警告，提醒；通知vi.發(fā)出警告，發(fā)出預告warnsbofsth警告某人某事ademandfor…需要……indemand非常需要的；受歡迎的tomeetthedemandforaproductsupplyanddemand供求demandtodosth要求做某事demandsthof/fromsb要求某人某物demandthat…(should)dosth要求做某事【誤區(qū)1】不能用demandsbtodosth結(jié)構?！菊`區(qū)2】在demandthat…結(jié)構中，that引導的從句謂語動詞要使用虛擬語氣，即(should)+動詞原形，其中should可以省略。WeneedtomakesurethatwewillnotfallvictimtoAI.InPeru,localfarmersaroundamountainwithaglacierthathasalreadyfallenvictimtoclimatechangehavebegunpaintingtheentiremountainpeakwhiteinthehopethattheaddedreflectivenesswillrestorethelife-givingice.在秘魯，在因氣候變化而受到影響的冰川山峰的周邊，當?shù)氐霓r(nóng)民已經(jīng)開始把整個山峰刷成白色，希望增加的反射能恢復生命之冰。greedn.貪婪，貪心greedinessn.貪吃；貪欲；嘴饞begreedy(forsth)貪婪的；貪吃的；渴望的greedilyadv.貪婪地；貪心地；貪食地However,thoseinthe10to12agegroupwere"concernedwithhowmanypeopleliketheirposts",suggestinga“need”forsocialrecognitionthatgetsstrongertheoldertheybecome.然而，10到12歲年齡組的人“擔心有多少人喜歡他們的帖子”，這表明隨著年齡的增長，對社會認可的“需求”變得越來越強烈。tochange/alteretc.beyond/outofrecognition變得面目全非；滄海桑田recognize

vt.認出，識別；承認；接受，認可；贊賞vi.確認，承認；具結(jié)recognizableadj.可辨認的；可承認的analternativemethodofdoingsth做某事的其他方法alternativeenergy（theenergyfromthesun,wind,water,etc.)替代能源（指太陽能、風能、水能等）havenoalternative/choicebuttodosth別無選擇Thereisavegetarianalternativeonthemenueveryday.每天的菜單上另有素食餐點。Therewerealternativemethodsoftravelavailable.

有另外的旅行方式可采用。Aftermonthsofsendingoutresumes,Tomfinallybreaksintotheworkingworld.經(jīng)過幾個月投遞簡歷，湯姆終于找到了工作。breakintopieces成為碎片breakintotears突然哭起來，放聲大哭breakintolaughter哄堂大笑;突然大笑breakthrough突破；突圍；有重要創(chuàng)見breakup打碎，破碎；結(jié)束；解散；衰落breakdown分解；發(fā)生故障；失??；毀掉；制服breakoutv.爆發(fā)；突發(fā)breakin打斷；闖入；訓練；使逐漸習慣breakaway脫離；放棄；逃跑breakawayfromvt.放棄；脫離……breakoff折斷；突然停止，暫停breakoutof擺脫（束縛等）；突破…breakupwith跟…分手；與…斷絕關系breakintoabank闖入銀行breakintotears=breakoutcryingbreakintolaughter=breakoutlaughingThecamerahasabuilt-infail-safedevicewhichpreventsitfromworkingiftherightsignalsaren'treceived.這部照相機內(nèi)部有故障保險裝置，可以令照相機在未接收到正確信號時無法運行。theunfairdistributionof

wealth財富分配不公thedistributionoffoodandmedicinestothefloodvictims

向遭受洪災的災民分發(fā)食品和藥物distributevt.分配；散布；分開；把…分類distributesthto…把……分配給……distributedadj.分布式的，分散式的distributern.分銷商；分配器predictionn.預報；預言predictableadj.可預言的predictiveadj.預言性的；成為前兆的unpredictableadj.不可預知的；不定的；出乎預料的Itwaspredictedthatpricesforrealestatewouldcontinuetofall.據(jù)預報，房地產(chǎn)價格將繼續(xù)下降。onthedecrease在減少中decreaseby減少了…decreaseto減少到reducevt.減少；降低；使處于；把…分解vi.減少；縮?。粴w納為reductionn.減少；下降；縮?。贿€原反應declinen.下降；衰退；斜面vi.下降；衰落；謝絕

vt.謝絕；婉拒【反義詞】increasev.增加；增大；提高；增強

n.增加；增多；增長Thenumberofpoormenisonthedecreaseastheeconomyisgrowing.隨著經(jīng)濟發(fā)展，貧困人口數(shù)量正在減少。denysth(tosb)/deny(sb)(sth)拒絕；拒絕給予todenyaclaim/acharge/anaccusation否認某種說法╱指控╱指責Thereisnodenying(thefact)that….不可否認……。表示“拒絕做某事”，要用denydoingsth；refuse/declinetodosth。Accesstotheinformationwasdeniedtothem.他們無法得到這個情報。Itcan'tbedeniedthatweneedtodevotemoreresourcestothisproblem.無可否認，我們必須投入更多的資源來解決這個問題。There'snodenying(thefact)thatquickeractioncouldhavesavedthem.無可否認，如果行動快一點，本來是救得了他們的。alarge/smallquantityofsth大量╱小量的…inquantity大量agreatquantityof（接可數(shù)或不可數(shù)）quantitiesof許多……qualityandquantity質(zhì)量和數(shù)量當a(large/great/small)quantityof修飾不可數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；但是當其修飾復數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。當quantitiesof修飾名詞（不論可數(shù)還是不可數(shù)）時，謂語動詞一律用復數(shù)。thequantityof修飾名詞（不論可數(shù)還是不可數(shù)）時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。tomakethreatsagainstsb對某人進行威脅atreattodosth威脅做某事poseathreatto構成威脅；形成一種威脅underthreat受到威脅threatenvt.威脅；恐嚇；預示vi.威脅；可能來臨anew-bornthreat一個新生威脅illegallyadv.非法地illegalityn.違法；[法]非法行為；犯規(guī)illegalizevt.使成為非法；宣布…為非法；使違規(guī)illegaldrugs毒品Thejudgefinedthemanandsuspendedhislicence.法官罰了那個人的款，并且吊銷了他的執(zhí)照。ThematchinParisislikelytoproveoneofthehighlightsofthetournament.巴黎比賽可能是本屆錦標賽最精彩的賽事之一。Thereporthighlightsthemajorproblemsfacingsocietytoday.報告特別強調(diào)了當今社會所面臨的主要問題。I'vehighlightedtheimportantpassagesinyellow.我用黃色標出了重要段落。buryoneselfin(doing)sth專心致志于…beburiedin沉思；埋頭于；全神貫注于…buryoneselfinthecountry隱居Thewriterburiedherselfinthecountrytowriteabook.Hewalkedslowly,hishandsburiedinhispockets.他雙手插在口袋里緩步而行。Tourismisafountainofwealthforthecity.旅游業(yè)是該市的重要收入來源。Likemostofmycontemporaries,Igrewupinavastlydifferentworld.像我同時代的大多數(shù)人一樣，我在一個非常不同的世界里長大。Theexperienceplantedtheseedsofdoubtinmymind.那次經(jīng)歷在我心中播下了懷疑的種子。concludesth(fromsth)conclude(fromsth)that...（不用于進行時)斷定；推斷出；得出結(jié)論conclude(sth)with…以…結(jié)束concludeacontract訂立合同concludeanagreement達成協(xié)議toconclude最后；總之；結(jié)束inconclusionn.結(jié)論；總結(jié)；結(jié)局justifyvi.證明合法；整理版面vt.證明……是正當?shù)?；替……辯護havesuperiority(insth)/(to/oversth/sb)優(yōu)越（性）；優(yōu)勢superior

adj.上級的；優(yōu)秀的，出眾的；高傲的n.上級，長官；優(yōu)勝者，高手；長者virtualreality虛擬現(xiàn)實virtualityn.虛擬性；實質(zhì)Thecountrywasslidingintoastateofvirtualcivilwar.這個國家實際上正逐漸進入內(nèi)戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)。Onedayvirtualrealitywillrevolutionizetheentertainmentindustry.有朝一日虛擬現(xiàn)實將給娛樂業(yè)帶來一場革命。definevt.定義；使明確；規(guī)定define…as…把…定義為；給…下的定義是definiteadj.一定的；確切的definitelyadv.清楚地，當然；明確地，肯定地ForthepeopleofBrussels,thiswasadefiningmomentofdefiningfreedom.對布魯塞爾人來說，這是定義自由的決定性時刻。practicaladvice/help/support切實的忠告╱幫助╱支持practicalproblems實際問題Inpracticalterms,savingmoneymeansspendingless.具體點說，省錢就是少花些錢。Fromapracticalpointofview,itisn'tagoodplacetolive.實際一點看，這里不是理想的住處。Obesityisassociatedwithahostofhealthproblems.肥胖癥往往與許多健康問題有關。ahostof

常用來修飾復數(shù)名詞，但是這個結(jié)構做主語，表示整體意義時，謂語動詞常用單數(shù)形式。There'sahostoffansoftheserieswhoareupsetwiththewaythefilmturnedout.很多影迷都對這部電影的結(jié)局感到不滿。academyofsciences科學院academyofarts藝術學院academicresearch/study學術研究Shewasn'tveryacademicandhatedschool.她學習不怎么樣，而且討厭上學。immersevt.沉浸；使陷入immersesb/sth(insth)使浸沒于immerseoneself/sbinsth（使）深陷于，沉浸在beimmersedin陷于；沉浸于Takenotesandimmerseyourselfinthewordsofgreatthinkers.好好做筆記，沉浸于名人們的思想里。engagesb(assth)雇用；聘用engage(withsth/sb)與…建立密切關系；盡力理解engageoneself/sbin…be/getengagedin…（使）從事，參加engagementn.婚約；約會；交戰(zhàn)；諾言；進場abarrierto…障礙；阻力；關卡abarrierbetweenAandBabarrieragainststh分界線；屏障；隔閡Ozoneistheearth'sbarrieragainstultra-violetradiation.臭氧是地球防止紫外線輻射的屏障。Therewasnorealbarrierbetweenrealityandfantasyinhismind.在他的頭腦中，現(xiàn)實與幻想之間沒有真正的界線。Hisreasonsfornotwan