01江蘇南京卷-2022年中考英語新材料仿真模擬押題A卷

01江蘇南京卷2022年中考英語新材料仿真模擬押題A卷（滿分90分，考試時間90分鐘）語篇題目內(nèi)容清單題目內(nèi)容第二大題完形填空教育部表示將對體育課給予更多關注，逐步將其列為與語數(shù)同等重要的學科。第三大題閱讀理解A篇2022年北京冬季奧運會上的一些新科技及其用途第三大題閱讀理解B篇久坐的危害以及有關久坐的研究第三大題閱讀理解C篇從正反兩方面論述了疫情其間少出國旅游是否有好處。第三大題閱讀理解D篇我國面臨的男女性別比失衡的問題第四大題填空C選詞填空本文作者先表達對中國控制疫情的贊賞，然后表達想要回到中國的心情。第五大題閱讀填空A雙減政策下孩子們的作業(yè)問題第五大題閱讀填空B介紹第一個在中國空間站工作的中國女宇航員王亞平的相關情況。第六大題書面表達由蘇翊鳴四歲生日禮物是父母在他四歲時送他的雪板談禮物的意義選擇題（共40分）一、單項填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）請認真閱讀下列各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。1．—________May6,YiYangqianxiwontheBestNewActorAwardatHongKongFilmAwards.—Whatexcitingnews!A．In B．At C．On D．During【答案】C【解析】句意：——5月6日，易烊千璽榮獲香港電影金像獎最佳新人獎?！嗝戳钊伺d奮的消息！考查介詞辨析。in泛指一般意義的上午、下午或晚上以及月或年等較長的時間；at表示時間的某一點、某一時刻或年齡等；on表示星期幾或某一特定的日期；during在……期間。May6五月六日，是一個具體的時間，需用介詞on；根據(jù)句意語法，可知選C。2．________areyousolate?We’llalmostmisstheflight.Hurryup!A．What B．Where C．Why D．When【答案】C【解析】句意：你為什么這么晚？我們幾乎趕不上飛機了?？禳c！考查特殊疑問句。What什么；Where在哪里；Why為什么；When什么時候。根據(jù)“We’llalmostmisstheflight.”可知，就快錯過航班，因此問的是為什么晚了，有種責備的語氣。故選C。3．Lindawillgotothethemeparkby______nextSunday.A．she B．her C．hers D．herself【答案】D【解析】句意：琳達下周將自己去主題公園。考查固定搭配。she

她；her她的；hers她的；herself她自己?？崭袂坝薪樵~by，結(jié)合選項，本題考查by+反身代詞，意為“某人自己”，由于主語是Linda，主謂一致，所以用herself，故選D。4．—Mark’scar________acloudofdustashedroveoff.—That’swhywedislikehim.A．raised B．rose C．wasraised D．wasraising【答案】A【解析】句意：——馬克開車走時，他的車揚起了一陣塵土。——這就是我們不喜歡他的原因。考查動詞以及時態(tài)。raise升起，及物動詞；rise上升，不及物動詞。此空后接賓語acloudofdust，此空應填一個及物動詞。根據(jù)“drove”可知，句子是一般過去時，動詞用過去式，故選A。5．“Garbageclassification(垃圾分類)”,whichwillenterNanjingsoon,willmakeit_______forthecitizenstoenjoythegoodlivingenvironmentthanbefore.A．easy B．easier C．easily D．moreeasily【答案】B【解析】句意：垃圾分類將很快在南京實行，這將使市民能夠比以前更容易地享受良好的居住環(huán)境?？疾閕t作形式賓語。it作形式賓語的結(jié)構(gòu)為：makeitadj.todosth.，todo是真正的賓語，而且這里的形容詞是用來修飾這件事的，所以形容詞而不是副詞。而且后面有關鍵詞than，因此需要用比較級，故選B。【點睛】it作形式賓語的結(jié)構(gòu)：makeitadj./n.(forsb.)todosth.，謂語+形式賓語it+賓補+真正的賓語?？捎糜谶@個結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞有find，think，feel，make，believe，suppose等。6．—Hi,Jessica!I________youwereinNanjing.PeopletoldmeyouwereinShanghai.—Well,Icamebackjustonehourago.A．don’tknow B．didn’tknow C．haven’tknown D．won’tknow【答案】B【解析】句意：——嗨,杰西卡！我不知道你在南京。人們告訴我你在上海?！乙恍r前才回來?？疾闀r態(tài)辨析。四個選項都是否定式：A是一般現(xiàn)在時，B是一般過去時，C是現(xiàn)在完成時，D是一般將來時。本句是賓語從句，時態(tài)遵循主過從過；根據(jù)回答“Icamebackjustonehourago我一小時前才回來”，結(jié)合句意語境，可知“此前”不知道對方在南京，需用一般過去時，故選B。7．—Batteriescalled“whiteelephant”metitsWaterloointhemarketofEurope.—Europeanswon’tbeinterestedinit.Becauseawhiteelephantmeansathingthatisuseless,__________itmaycostalotofmoney.A．since B．unless C．if D．a(chǎn)lthough【答案】D【解析】句意：——被稱為“白象”的電池在歐洲市場遭遇滑鐵盧。

——歐洲人不會對此感興趣。因為“whiteelephant”意味著一件無用的東西，盡管它可能很值錢?？疾檫B詞。A.since自從；B.unless除非；C.if如果；D.although盡管。根據(jù)句意可知，空格處應填入意為“盡管、雖然”的連詞。D選項符合句意，引導讓步狀語從句，故選D?！军c睛】“whiteelephant”除了可意為“白象”之外，還有“無用的昂貴物品、華而不實的東西”之意。8．Whichofthefollowingpicturesmeans“Pleasedon’tmakeanynoise”?A． B． C． D．【答案】B【解析】句意：下面哪張圖片的意思是“請不要制造任何噪音”？考查常識。A選項是“殘疾人通道”；B選項是“保持安靜”；C選項是“節(jié)約用水”；D選項是“”。B選項符合題意。故選B。9．—Chinesewomen’sfootballteamwontheAsiaCupagainafter16years.—Thatwasagreatmoment.I________thegameonTVallthetime.A．havewatched B．watched C．a(chǎn)mwatching D．waswatching【答案】D【解析】句意：——中國女足時隔16年再次贏得亞洲杯冠軍?！鞘且粋€偉大的時刻。我一直在電視上看比賽。考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)“Chinesewomen’sfootballteamwontheAsiaCupagainafter16years.”可知女足得冠是發(fā)生過的事，根據(jù)“...allthetime.”可知比賽的時候，一直在看電視，指過去某一段時間一直在做的事，用過去進行時。故選D。10．FewerbabiesareborninChinatheseyears.Thisis________becausetoday’syoungpeoplehavedifferentideasaboutbeingparents.A．mainly B．closely C．hardly D．specially【答案】A【解析】句意：近年來中國出生的嬰兒越來越少。這主要是因為現(xiàn)在的年輕人對于成為父母有不同的想法?？疾楦痹~辨析。mainly主要地；closely緊密地；hardly幾乎不，表否定；specially特別地。根據(jù)句意語境，可知后面三項意思不合句意，故選A。11．MarieCurie

________radium,butEdison________thelightbulb.A．created;discovered B．discovered;inventedC．invented;discovered D．invented;created【答案】B【解析】句意：居里夫人發(fā)現(xiàn)了鐳，但是愛迪生發(fā)明了電燈泡。考查動詞詞義辨析。create創(chuàng)造；discover探索、發(fā)現(xiàn)；invent發(fā)明。根據(jù)句意和常識，第一空后鐳是本身就存在的，居里夫人是“探索發(fā)現(xiàn)”了鐳元素，應該用discover；第二空后的電燈泡是原本不存在的，是由愛迪生“發(fā)明”的，應該用invent，故選B?！军c睛】create,discover,invent是意義相近的幾個動詞，其區(qū)別在于：①create意為“創(chuàng)造、創(chuàng)作”，指產(chǎn)生出新的東西，其對象往往是精神上的，如藝術(shù)、文學作品中的人物及新的科學領域等；②discover意為“探索、發(fā)現(xiàn)”，指發(fā)現(xiàn)某種自然界本來已存在，但以前未被人類發(fā)現(xiàn)或認識的事物，如發(fā)現(xiàn)元素、石油、鐵等礦藏以及新星、星系或科學真理等；③invent意為“發(fā)明”，指創(chuàng)造出原來自然界不存在的東西，如工具、汽車、電視、合成材料等。12．—Heoncetriedtomakeawithhisson,buttheboyavoidedhim.—It’swrongoftheboytoremainsilent.A．decision B．contribution C．vacation D．conversation【答案】D【解析】句意：——有一次，他試圖和兒子談話，但這個男孩避開了他。——這個男孩保持沉默是不對的?？疾槊~辨析。decision決定；contribution貢獻；vacation假期；conversation交談，談話。根據(jù)“theboyavoidedhim”和“remainsilent”可知，此處應該是他想跟孩子進行交談，makeaconversationwithsb.“與某人交談”。故選D。13．—Iwonder________.—Sorry.Ihavenoidea,either.A．whichhotelAmystayedinMaldive B．whichsupermarketdoesTinaworkC．whomIshouldgototoaskforhelp D．whoJohniswaiting【答案】C【解析】句意：——我不知道該找誰幫忙?！獙Σ黄?。我也不知道?？疾橘e語從句。此處含賓語從句，用陳述語序，排除B；A項應該是stayin+地點，缺少介詞in，排除A；D項應該是waitfor，需要加介詞for，排除D。故選C。14．—HowdoyoufindthedocumentaryDAVIDProfile(國寶檔案).—________.Ican’tthinktoohighlyofit.A．Italldepends B．It’sreallywonderfulC．Nooneknowsforcertain D．Itisnotmycupoftea【答案】B【解析】句意：——你覺得紀錄片《國家檔案》怎樣?——真的很棒。我再怎么高度評價都不為過?？疾榍榫敖浑H。Italldepends視情況而定。It’sreallywonderful真的很棒。Nooneknowsforcertain沒人確切地知道。Itisnotmycupoftea非我所愛。根據(jù)“Howdoyoufindthedocumentary”可知是詢問別人的看法，回答應進行評價；根據(jù)“Ican’tthinktoohighlyofit.”,可知是好的評價，“真的很棒”適合。故選B。15．—Thepriceofoilhaskeptrisingforweeks.I’llhavetosellourcarandflylikeabird!—_________.I’drathersellitandbuyahybridoneinstead.A．Asyoulike B．I’mstillnotsureC．Inyourdreams D．Takeitseriously【答案】D【解析】句意：——石油價格已經(jīng)上漲了幾個星期。我得把車賣了，然后像鳥一樣飛走！——當真！我寧愿賣掉它，買一輛混合動力車?？疾榍榫敖浑H。Asyoulike隨你的便；I’mstillnotsure我還不確定；Inyourdreams做夢去吧；Takeitseriously當真。根據(jù)句意“I’llhavetosellourcarandflylikeabird!...I’drathersellitandbuyahybridoneinstead”可知，說話人讓對方認真對待這個事，故選D。二、完形填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）請認真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。InQingdao,ShandongProvince,parentsofkidsfromamiddleschoolwereagainsttheschoolwhichappointed(任命)aphysicaleducationteacherasthe____16____.Thenews____17____awidediscussionamongInternetusers.“AreyoufororagainstyourPEteacher’sworkingasyourheadteacher?”Manyofthemshowedtheirsupport.Infact,paredwithteachersofothersubjects,PEteachersdon’thavetospendtoomanyhours____18____lessons.Withlesspressureinteaching,aPEteachercanputmore____19____intothemanagementoftheclass.Peoplealsoremindtheembarrassing(令人尷尬的)situationofPEclassesandPEteachers.Inthepast,writtenexamsweretheonlystandardtojudge(衡量)astudent.Studentsandparentsthoughtit’smoreimportanttogetbettergradesinother____20____.Onlywhenstudentsgothighmarksinthesesubjectscouldtheywenttoabetterschool.Sotheyweren’t____21____aboutPEclasses.Astimegoesby,suchasituationwill____22____anend.OnOct.16,2020,theMinistryofEducation(教育部)explainedthateveryteacherinaschoolwasfitforthejoboftheheadteacherandtheir____23____arenotonlyinthesubjectstheytaught.Accordingtotheirexperienceasteachers,headteachersnotonlyteachtheirownsubject,butalsoprovidehelpforotherteachersandkeepclassesrunning____24____.TheministryalsosaidthatmoreattentionwouldbepaidtoPElessons,andthesubjectwouldgraduallybe____25____asmuchimportanceasChineselanguageormath.16．A．teacher B．headteacher C．policeman D．doctor17．A．wentto B．a(chǎn)ddedto C．ledto D．connectedto18．A．making B．showing C．preparing D．going19．A．care B．task C．efforts D．project20．A．subjects B．instructions C．services D．operations21．A．excited B．curious C．sure D．serious22．A．ewith B．eto C．eacross D．eup23．A．differences B．similarities C．relations D．connections24．A．quickly B．certainly C．fast D．smoothly25．A．reached B．sent C．given D．explained【短文分析】本文主要講山東青島一中學讓體育老師當班主任，遭到家長反對，引發(fā)社會關注?！敬鸢附馕觥?6．B句意：在山東省青島市，一所中學的學生家長反對學校任命體育老師為班主任。teacher老師；headteacher班主任；policeman警察；doctor醫(yī)院。根據(jù)“AreyoufororagainstyourPEteacher’sworkingasyourheadteacher?”可知是反對任命體育老師為班主任。故選B。17．C句意：這一新聞引發(fā)了網(wǎng)民的廣泛討論。wentto去；addedto增加；ledto引發(fā)；connectedto與……相連接。根據(jù)“awidediscussion”可知新聞引發(fā)了議論。故選C。18．C句意：事實上，與其他學科的老師相比，體育老師不必花太多的時間備課。making制作；showing顯示；preparing準備；going去。根據(jù)“PEteachersdon’thavetospendtoomanyhours...lessons”結(jié)合常識可知體育老師備課時間更少。故選C。19．C句意：體育教師的教學壓力較小，可以把更多的精力投入到班級的管理中。care關心；task任務；efforts氣力，努力；project項目。根據(jù)“Withlesspressureinteaching”可知體育老師教學壓力小，能把更多精力放在班級管理上。故選C。20．A句意：學生和家長認為在其他科目上取得更好的成績更重要。subjects科目；instructions說明；services服務；operations運作。根據(jù)“togetbettergrades”可知是在除體育外的其他科目中取得更好地成績。故選A。21．D句意：所以他們對體育課不認真。excited興奮的；curious好奇的；sure確定的；serious認真的，嚴肅的。根據(jù)“Onlywhenstudentsgothighmarksinthesesubjectscouldtheywenttoabetterschool.”可知是想要在其他學科取得好成績，不認真對待體育課。故選D。22．B句意：隨著時間的推移，這種情況將會結(jié)束。ewith伴隨……發(fā)生；eto達到；eacross偶遇；eup走進。etoanend“完成，結(jié)束”，固定搭配。故選B。23．A句意：2020年10月16日，教育部解釋說，學校里的每一位教師都適合班主任的工作，他們的差異不僅僅在于他們所教的科目。differences差異；similarities相似之處；relations關系；connections聯(lián)系。根據(jù)“inthesubjectstheytaught”結(jié)合常識可知所教的科目不同，此處指老師們存在的差異。故選A。24．D句意：根據(jù)他們作為教師的經(jīng)驗，班主任不僅教授自己的學科，還為其他教師提供幫助，使課堂順利運行。quickly快地；certainly當然；fast快地；smoothly順利地。根據(jù)“keepclassesrunning”可知此處指使課堂順利進行。故選D。25．C句意：教育部還表示，將對體育課程給予更多關注，并逐步將其列為與語文或數(shù)學同等重要的學科。reached達到；sent發(fā)送；given給予；explained解釋。根據(jù)“TheministryalsosaidthatmoreattentionwouldbepaidtoPElessons”可知將給體育課更多關注，由此推出此處是被給予同等重要性。故選C。三、閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）請認真閱讀下列材料，從材料后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ACoolTechnologiesatBeijing2022WinterOlympicsDriverlessminibusWalkinsideShougangIndustrialPark,youcanseedifferentkindsofdriverlesscars.Whenyoufeeltired,youcangetinadriverlessminibus.Whenyoufeelhungry,youcanbuyfoodfromadriverlesscarstore.InspectionrobotTherobotcanrecognizepeoplewithinfivemeters.Itwillautomaticallywalkovertoapersonwhoisnotwearingamaskandadvisehimorhertowearone.Also,therobothasacontactlesshanddisinfectiondeviceonitshead.SmartBandAidPeoplecanwearthisthermometer（體溫計）ontheirarms.Itlookslikeabandage.Userscanchecktheirbodytemperaturethroughanappontheirsmartphones.Ifsomeonegetsafever,thethermometerwillreportit.DisinfectionrobotInWukesongSportsCenter,thereisarobotnamedXiaobai.Whileworking,therobotspraysafogofdisinfectant（消毒劑）throughitsheadfan.Onerobotcancover1,000squaremetersandworkforfourtofivehoursonasinglebatterycharge.26．________canadvisepeopletoweartheirmasks.A．Driverlessminibus B．InspectionrobotC．SmartBandAid D．Disinfectionrobot27．Howcanpeoplechecktheirbodytemperature?A．Throughanapponthephones. B．Bygettinginadriverlessminibus.C．Throughabatteryintherobot. D．Bywearingabandageontheirarms.28．WhatcanDisinfectionrobotdo?A．Recognizepeoplewhogetahighfever.B．BuyfoodforworkersinWukesongSportsCenter.C．Sprayafogofdisinfectantthroughitsheadfan.D．Sweep1000squaremetersadayinShougangPark.【短文分析】本文講述2022年北京冬季奧運會上的一些新科技及其用途?！敬鸢附馕觥?6．B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格“Inspectionrobot”及“Itwillautomaticallywalkovertoapersonwhoisnotwearingamaskandadvisehimorhertowearone”可知，監(jiān)控機器人可以建議人帶上口罩。故選B。27．A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格“Userscanchecktheirbodytemperaturethroughanappontheirsmartphones”可知，人們可以通過上的應用程序監(jiān)測自己的體溫。故選A。28．C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“therobotspraysafogofdisinfectantthroughitsheadfan”可知，消毒機器人可以通過頭頂?shù)娘L扇噴灑消毒劑。故選C。BWe’veknownthatsittingforlongperiodsoftimeeverydayhascountlesshealthconsequences（后果）,likeahigherriskofheartdisease.Butnowanewstudyhasfoundthatsittingisalsobadforyourbrain.Astudypublishedlastweek,conductedbyDr.PrabhaSiddarthattheUniversityofCalifornia,showedthatsedentary（久坐不動的）behaviorisrelatedtoreducedthicknessofthemedialtemporallobe（中頤葉）,abrainareathatiscriticaltolearningandmemory.Theresearchersaskedagroupof35healthypeople,aged45to70,abouttheiractivitylevelsandtheaveragenumberofhourseachdayspentsittingandthenscannedtheirbrains.Theyfoundthatthesubjectswhoreportedsittingforlongerperiodshadthethinnestmedialtemporallobes.Itmeansthatthemoretimeyouspendinachair,theworseitisforyourbrainhealth,resultinginpossibledamagetolearningandmemory.Whatisalsointerestingisthatthisstudydidnotfindasignificantrelationbetweenthelevelofphysicalactivityandthicknessofthisbrainarea,suggestingthatexercise,evensevere（劇烈的）exercise,maynotbeenoughtoprotectyoufromtheharmfuleffectsofsitting.Itthensurprisinglyturnedoutthatyoudon’tevenhavetomovemuchtoimprovecognition（認知）;juststandingwilldothetrick（獲得成功）.Forexample,twogroupsofsubjectswereaskedtopleteatestwhileeithersittingorstanding.Participantswereaskedtonamethecolor,liketheword“green”inblueink.Subjectsthinkingontheirfeetbeatthosewhosatby3milliseconds.Thecognitiveeffectsofseverephysicalexercisearewellknown.Butthepossibilitythatstandingmoreandsittinglessimprovesbrainhealthcouldlowerthestandardforeveryone.Iknow,thisallrunscounterto（與……背道而馳）receivedideasaboutdeepthought,fromourgradeschoolteachers,whotoldustositdownandfocus,toRodin’sfamous“TheThinker”,seatedwithchinonhishand.Theywerewrong.Youcannowallstandup.29．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3andParagraph4?A．Sedentarybehaviorwillpossiblydamageourbrain.B．Severeexercisecangreatlyimproveourbrainhealth.C．Brainhealthhasnothingtodowithsedentarybehavior.D．Severeexercisecanprotectyoufromtheharmfuleffectsofsitting.30．Whatisthereceivedideaaboutdeepthought?A．Weshouldstandwhilethinking.B．Sittingisbetterwhenwethink.C．Moreexercisecanimprovecognition.D．Sittingmoreisgoodforourmentalhealth.31．Thepassagemainlytellsus_______.A．peopletendtositwhiletheyarethinkingB．physicalexercisecanimproveourbrainhealthC．standingmoreandsittinglesscanmakeourbrainhealthierD．sedentarybehaviorwillincreasethethicknessofthemedialtemporallobe【短文分析】本文介紹了久坐的危害以及有關久坐的研究?！敬鸢附馕觥?9．A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theyfoundthatthesubjectswhoreportedsittingforlongerperiodshadthethinnestmedialtemporallobes.”可知久坐會讓大腦的中頤葉變薄，因此久坐可能會破壞我們的大腦。故選A。30．B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Iknow,thisallrunscountertoreceivedideasaboutdeepthought,fromourgradeschoolteachers,whotoldustositdownandfocus,toRodin’sfamous‘TheThinker’,seatedwithchinonhishand.”可知之前我們接受有關深思的觀點都是坐著思考。故選B。31．C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Butthepossibilitythatstandingmoreandsittinglessimprovesbrainhealthcouldlowerthestandardforeveryone.”可知多站少坐會改善大腦健康。故選C。C1Withholidaysabroadonhold,staycationmightbepopular.2In2019,12.2billion(十億)passengersflewonplanesaroundtheworld.In2021,itwasdownto6.6billion.Whatwillthatnumberbein2022ifpeoplecan’ttravelfreelytoothercountriesbecauseofCOVID19?Somepeoplesaytheyhavemoretimeandagreaterinterestinnatureandtheworldthat’sclosertothem.Otherscan’twaittotravelabroadtoexperiencedifferentcultures.Whatdoyouthink?Isitgoodtotravelabroadless?3Yes!It’sbetterforthecountryandtheplanet.4First,it’sbetterforthecountryifpeoplestaywheretheyliveandspendmoneywithlocalbusinessesandonlocalfamousplaces.Andthereissomuchtoexperienceandenjoyinthecountry,wedon’tneedtogoabroad.COVID19isagoodexcusetostayput.Third,sincepeoplestoppedflyingsomuch,theworldaroundushashadachancetobreathe.Airpollutionisdownandwaterqualityisup.Let’sallowtheEarthtobreathesomemore.5No!Foreigntravelopensupthemind.6Travelingoverseasopensupthemindtonewpeople,placesandcultures.Ifyougoabroad,yougetafreshmind.Besides,theweatherisareasontoo.Forexample,theUKdoesnothaveenoughsunlight,whichisimportantforpeople’sphysicalandmentalhealth.Oneofthegreatprivilegesoflivinginthe21stcenturyisthatwecanseedifferentculturesandmeetallkindsofpeople,isn’tit?32．WhatisTRUEaboutParagraph4?A．Thisparagraphlistsfourreasons.B．Itisgoodforthelocalbusinesstoflyabroad.C．Noflyingismuchbetterfortheenvironment.D．Wecan’ttraveleverywherebecauseofCOVID19.33．WhydoesParagraph6mentiontheUK?A．It’sgoodtotravelintheUK. B．It’snecessarytotravelabroad.C．PeopleintheUKenjoysmuchsunshine. D．Travelingcanopenupthemind.34．Theunderlinedword“privilege”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans________.A．a(chǎn)dvantage B．result C．traveling D．style35．Thebesttitleofthepassageabovemightbe________.A．LessTravel.LessPollution B．Let’sTravelAbroadC．StopTravelingbecauseofCOVID19 D．IsLessForeignTravelaGoodThing?【短文分析】本文介紹了在COVID19病毒疫情影響下，隨著海外度假被擱置，居家度假可能會流行起來，并從正反兩方面論述了少出國旅游是否有好處?！敬鸢附馕觥?2．C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文“Third,sincepeoplestoppedflyingsomuch,theworldaroundushashadachancetobreathe.”可知，自從人們減少飛行，世界得以喘息，空氣污染下降，水質(zhì)提升，所以沒有飛行對環(huán)境更好，選項C正確。故選C。33．B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文“Besides,theweatherisareasontoo.”，此外，天氣也是一個原因，可知去國外旅行是有必要的。故選B。34．A詞義猜測題。本段是介紹國外旅行的好處，根據(jù)該句后半部分“…wecanseedifferentculturesandmeetallkindsofpeople…”我們能看到不同的文化和遇到不同的人，可推測前半句是說住在21世紀的好處，推測privileges是好處的意思，advantage“優(yōu)勢、優(yōu)點”符合語境。故選A。35．D標題歸納題。綜合分析全文，本文主要從正反兩個角度討論了少出國旅游是否有好處。故選D。DThere’sbadnewsfortheparentsofChineseboys.After2021,whenteenageboysentertheir20s,atleast10percentofthemwillfinditdifficulttomarryawife.Accordingtothesixthnationalpopulationsurvey,therearealready33.76millionmoremalesthanfemalesinChina.Thegenderratioatbirthisashighas115.9:100.Thismeansthatthereare115.9babyboysforevery100babygirls.Thisratioisstillgrowingandmaybe118.9:100by2022.Thiscanleadtoanunsafesociety.Withevery1percentriseinthegenderratio,therewouldbe6percentmoreviolentcrimes.AccordingtotheUN,thereareonly21nationsorareasthathavemorewomenthanmen.RussiaisoneofthembecausemanymalesdiedinWorldWarⅡ.SincethentherehavebeenmorewomenthanmeninRussia.However,mostcountries,includingChina,havemoremales.Theexpertsexplainedthereasons.Ingeneral,menmakemoremoneythanwomenanditresultsinaculturaltraditionofpreferringboystogirls.Tochangethissituation,kidsneedbebettereducatedongenderequality,expertssuggest.Buttheyalsosaythereisstillalotmoreworktodo.36．Theunderlinedwords“genderratio”mightmean________inChinese.A．人口比例 B．性別比例 C．人口分布 D．性別分布37．Accordingtothepassage,theratio118.9:100meansthatthereare________.A．118.9babygirlsforevery100babyboys B．115.9babygirlsforevery100babyboysC．118.9babyboysforevery100babygirls D．115.9babyboysforevery100babygirls38．In________,therearemorewomenthanmen.A．China B．theUN C．Russia D．mostcountries39．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．It’sdifficultforeveryChinesemantomarryawifeafter2020.B．Chinawillbeeadangerouscountryafter2020.C．MostcriminalsinChinaaremeninsteadofwomen.D．ThesituationofgenderimbalanceinChinaisserious.40．Fromthepassage,wecaninferthat________.A．duringtheWorldWarⅡ,mostofthesoldiersweremenB．mostofwomenmakemoremoneythanmeninChinaC．it’seasytochangethegenderimbalanceinChinaD．everyoneprefersboystogirlsinChina【短文分析】本文是一篇說明文。闡述了我國面臨的男女性別比失衡的問題。具體介紹了目前我國男女性別比例，和造成失衡的原因及影響，也在最后闡明解決這個問題還需要我們做大量的工作?！敬鸢附馕觥?6．B詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句“Thegenderratioatbirthisashighas115.9:100.”中的“115.9:100”可知主語的意思應是“比例”。而由其上句可知中國的男性比女性多3376萬，闡述的是性別問題，故選B。37．C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thegenderratioatbirthisashighas.Thismeansthatthereare115.9babyboysforevery100babygirls.Thisratioisstillgrowingandmaybe118.9:100by2022.”可知115.9:100的意思是有每100個女嬰就有115.9個男嬰，而這個比例到2022年會上升到118.9:100，即每100個女嬰就有118.9個男嬰。故選C。38．C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“AccordingtotheUN,thereareonly21nationsorareasthathavemorewomenthanmen.RussiaisoneofthembecausemanymalesdiedinWorldWarⅡ.”可知只有21個國家和地區(qū)女性的數(shù)量超過男性，而俄羅斯就是其中之一。故選C。39．D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“After2021,whenteenageboysentertheir20s,atleast10percentofthemwillfinditdifficulttomarryawife.”可知，2021之后，當青少年步入成年之后至少有10%的人發(fā)現(xiàn)娶到妻子是困難的。而且從下文可知，男女失衡的比例還在上升，所以我國的這一問題十分嚴重。故選D。40．A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“RussiaisoneofthembecausemanymalesdiedinWorldWarⅡ.SincethentherehavebeenmorewomenthanmeninRussia.”可知，俄羅斯有更多的女性是因為二戰(zhàn)期間許多男性喪生，由此推測二戰(zhàn)期間大多數(shù)士兵是男性。故選A。非選擇題（共50分）四、填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）A)請根據(jù)括號中所給的漢語寫出單詞，使句子意思完整正確。41．Suddenlytheoldwomanstoppedbecauseshesawthe________(陌生人)face.【答案】stranger’s【解析】句意：突然，老婦人停了下來，因為她看到了陌生人的臉。stranger“陌生人”，是名詞，此處應用其所有格形式修飾后面名詞，故填stranger’s。42．Youcanalwaysfindyourdaughtera_________(活潑的)girl.【答案】lively【解析】句意：你總能發(fā)現(xiàn)你的女兒是個活潑的女孩。根據(jù)中文提示可知，lively“活潑的”，形容詞作定語，故填lively。43．Sheaccidentally________（跨步）onmyfootandsaidsorrytome.【答案】stepped【解析】句意：她不小心踩了我的腳，向我道歉。根據(jù)提示詞“跨步”可知，是動詞step，此處作謂語；根據(jù)“said”可知，此句為一般過去時態(tài)，step的過去式為雙寫p加ed。故填stepped。44．Wehaveagrowing________(人口)inthisareaandweneedmorefood.Let’splantmorecrops!【答案】population【解析】句意：這個地區(qū)的人口在增長，我們需要更多的食物。讓我們種更多的莊稼吧！根據(jù)中文提示可知，population“人口”，結(jié)合“a”可知，需要一個名詞單數(shù)，故填population。45．Themagicdietis________（廣泛地）believedtoprotectagainstanumberofcancers.【答案】widely【解析】句意：人們普遍認為這種神奇的飲食可以預防多種癌癥。根據(jù)“believed”可知，需要一個副詞修飾動詞，結(jié)合中文提示，widely“廣泛地，普遍地”符合句意。故填widely。B)請根據(jù)句子意思，用括號中所給單詞的適當形式填空。46．“Theloveandhelpfromthesekindpeoplewillneverbe________(forget).”theboysaidtothereporter.【答案】forgotten【解析】句意：“這些善良人們的愛和幫助永遠不會被忘記?！蹦泻τ浾哒f。主語與動詞forget之間是被動關系，故此處應填過去分詞與be構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)，forget的過去分詞是forgotten，故填forgotten。47．Look!_________(simple)clickonit,andyoucanlearnaboutthehistoryofthismuseum.【答案】Simply【解析】句意：看！只點擊它，你就可以了解這個博物館的歷史。simple“簡單的”，是形容詞，修飾動詞click，用副詞，位于句首，開頭字母大寫，故填Simply。48．ItiswidelybelievedthatChineseastronauts_______(land)ontheMoononeday,won’tthey?【答案】willland【解析】句意：人們普遍認為中國宇航員終將會有一天登上月球，不是嗎？該句為反義疑問句，根據(jù)后面的否定疑問“won’tthey”可知，前半部分用肯定陳述，時態(tài)用一般將來時，即willland。故填willland。49．YangZhenning,inhis________(ninety),wasonthelistofthe2021TouchingChinaannualpeople（感動中國年度人物）.【答案】nineties【解析】句意：楊振寧，在他九十多歲時，被提名為2021年度感動中國年度人物。表示某人幾十多歲這樣的約略年齡，用“inone’s+逢十的基數(shù)詞的復數(shù)(如tens,twenties,thirties等)”來表達。ninety的復數(shù)形式為nineties。故填nineties。50．Kidswereremindedtotakesomemoneywith________(they)beforetheschooltrip.【答案】them【解析】句意：孩子們被提醒在學校旅行之前要帶錢。根據(jù)“Kids”可知是復數(shù)概念，句子表達“他們”，介詞“with”后用人稱代詞的賓格“them”。故填them。C)請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下面方框中選擇適當?shù)膯卧~或短語填空，使短文內(nèi)容完整正確。for

able

because

interested

rapidlyThetopicIammost____51____inis“COVID19pandemicpreventionandcontrolmeasures”.Ithinkthisisimportant____52____otherpandemicscoulde.Itcouldtakeatoll(造成損失)ontheeconomy.Sobeingawareanddealingwithpandemicsareveryimportant.Chinahasdoneagreatjobcontrollingthepandemicsofarandmakingsureitdoesn’tspread____53____.MyparentsmovedtoChina____54____workseveralyearsago.WelivedinBeijing,China,togetherasafamily.Ilovedlivingthere.Iamlookingforwardtobeing____55____togobacktoChina.【短文分析】本文作者先表達對中國控制疫情的贊賞，然后表達想要回到中國的心情?！敬鸢附馕觥?1．interested句意：我最感興趣的話題就是“新冠肺炎的預防和控制措施”。beinterestedin表示“感興趣”，此空為形容詞作表語。故填interested。52．because句意：我認為這很重要，因為其他傳染病會來。根據(jù)“...otherpandemicscoulde.”可知空后是空前的原因，用because引導原因狀語從句。故填because。53．rapidly句意：到目前為止，中國已經(jīng)在控制疫情方面做得很好，保證它不會快速傳播。此空為副詞修飾動詞，rapidly表示“快速地”。故填rapidly。54．for句意：我父母很多年前搬來中國工作。根據(jù)“work”可知此處指為了工作，用介詞for。故填for。55．a(chǎn)ble句意：我期待能夠回到中國。beableto表示“能夠”。故填able。五、閱讀填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）A)請認真閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當?shù)膯卧~。注意：每個空格只填1個單詞。請將答案填寫在橫線上。Youmaythinkkidsaregettingmorehomeworkthaneverbefore.Ifso,thinkagain.AnewstudyreleasedbyBrookings’BrownCenteronEducationPolicyshowsthattoday’sstudentshavenomorehomeworkthantheirparentsdidwhentheywereinschool.NumerousarticlesandreportsoverthepastfewdecadeshavesuggestedAmerica’sschoolsareoverloadingkidswithmoreandmorehomework.ButtheBrookingsstudyarguestheopposite:homeworkloadshavenotchangedoverthepast30years.Thestudy’sauthor,TomLoveless,reviewedsurveystakenbykidsandparentsabouthowmuchhomeworkyoungstudentshave.Theresultsshowedthatthetypicalelementarystudenthas3045minutesofhomeworkeachnight.Theaveragehighschoolerhasaboutanhour.Thesenumbershaveremainedthesamesince1984.InasetofguidelinespublishedbytheNationalParentTeacherAssociation（PTA）,theamountoftimestudentsshouldspentonhomeworkistheirgradelevelmultipliedbytenminutes.Forexample,athirdgradershouldhave30minutesofhomework,afifthgrader50minutes,andsoon.Loveless,whowasasixthgradeteacherinthe1980s,saysthissystemhasstayedconsistentintothe21stcentury.Onechangethatoccurredoverthepastthreedecades,however,isamong9yearolds,theaverageageofathirdgrader.In1984,more9yearoldshadnohomeworkatall,versustoday.“What’shappenedis,therewereanumberofkidsatage9whohadnohomeworkin1984,butnowthatnumberdoeshavesomehomework,”LovelesstoldTFK.“Thoughitisalittleamountofwork,itisstillanincreaseintheamountoftimespentonhomeworkforthirdgraders.”Homeworkisanimportantpartofastudent'seducation.Someteachersarguethathomeworkprepareskidsforstatetestsandforcollege.Theyworrythatalighterhomeworkloadwillputkidsatadisadvantage.“Homeworkhasbenefitsthatgowellbeyondwhat’sgoingoninschool,”saysHarrisCooper,aUniversityofMissouripsychologyprofessorwhohasstudiedhomework’seffectontestscores.Kidslearntobeorganized,managetheirtimeandmasternewskillswithoutateacher’shelp.Teachersgivetworeasonsforassigningalotofhomework.First,theysay,thegovernmentnowrequiresschoolstomeethigherthaneverachievementgoalsforstudents.Second,theyknowmanyparentswanttheirchildrentobeabletogetintothenation’sbestcollegesanduniversities.Theseparentsbelievehomeworkisawaytoensurestudentsarelearningattheirfullcapacity.Peoplewhofavorhomeworkarguethatitcanhavemanyotherbeneficialeffects.Theyclaimitcanhelpstudentsdevelopgoodstudyhabits,andrecognizethatlearningcanoccurathomeaswellasatschool.TitleTooMuch__56__?TraditionalthoughtKidsinAmericaareoverloadedwith__57__homework.The__58__ofanewstudyHomeworkloadsnowremainthe__59__astheyhad30yearsago.InformationabouthomeworkOnaverage,theelementarystudent__60__3045minutesonhomeworkeachnight.Butthethirdgradersin1984had__61__homeworkthantheyhavenow.The__62__ofhomeworkHomeworkprepareskidsforstatetestsand__63__college.Homeworkhelpskidsbeorganized,managetimeandmasternewskills.It’s__64__