2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語UNIT2ICONICATTRACTIONS泛讀技能初養(yǎng)成學(xué)案新人教版選擇性必修第四冊

PAGEUNIT2ICONICATTRACTIONS閱讀P19－21教材課文，選擇最佳答案1．Whendobabykangaroosbegintospendlesstimewiththeirmothers?A．Whentheyaresevenoreightmonths.B．Beforetheygoouttotrytheirlegs.C．Aftertheyhavelearnedtojump.D．Whentheystayintheirmothers'pouch.2．Whyshouldn'tyoutrytopetawildkangaroo?A．BecauseitisverycuteinAustralia.B．Becauseitlivesinadifficultenvironment.C．Becauseitisanindependentanimal.D．Becauseitmayharmyoubykickinghard.3．Whatdokoalasspendmostoftheirtimedoing?A．Eatingandsleeping.B．Climbingandeating.C．Stayinginpanic.D．Findingtheirfood.4．WhenwilltheTasmaniandevilscryloudly?A．Pleased. B．Fighting.C．Exciting. D．Puzzling.[答案]1－4CDABWordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點1)distributionn．分布；安排；分發(fā)[教材原句P19]Ithastobethekangaroo，asithasawidedistributionthroughoutthecountry.這個動物確定是袋鼠，因為它廣泛分布在全國各地。[例1]Ourcataloguelistsallourbooksthatareavailableforgeneraldistribution.我們在書目中列出全部全面發(fā)行的書。[例2]Thecountrywasnotedforitsunevendistributionoflandresources.這個國家以土地資源分布不勻稱出名。[造句]松樹的分布很廣。Pineshaveaverywidedistribution.[學(xué)問拓展](1)distributionto 分發(fā)給(2)distributevt. 安排；分發(fā)distributesth.to/among 把某物安排/發(fā)給……o... 把……分成……[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Thefoodwasparceledupfordistributiontooutlyingcommunities.②Thefoodsanddrinkswillbedistributed(distribute)amongthechildren.③Hedividedthewatermeloninto10partsanddistributedthemto10children.[小片段填空]ThepapersuggeststhatuniversityMISusedistributeddatabasestructureanddiscussesthedatadistributionofdistributeddatabase.(distribute)eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點2)licensevt.批準(zhǔn)；許可n．許可證；執(zhí)照[教材原句P20]Ifyouwanttoholdakoala，youhavetogotocertainlicensedzoos...假如你想抱樹袋熊，你必需去某些有許可證的動物園……[例1]Theauthoritieslicensecertainshopstoselltobacco.當(dāng)局批準(zhǔn)特定店鋪出售煙草。[例2]Hewaslicensedtodonomorethansendamessage.允許他做的事情只不過是捎個信而已。[造句]他們已發(fā)了許可證給那家私人旅館。Theyhavelicensedtheprivatehotel.[學(xué)問拓展]licensesb.todo... 允許或批準(zhǔn)某人做某事belicensedfor 獲準(zhǔn)……[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Heoughtnottohavebeenlicensedtoflyaplane.②ThecompanyexpectsthatthedrugwillbelicensedforuseintheUSAwithinthenextyear.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點3)violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的[教材原句P20]Fortunately，despitetheirname，theyaregenerallynotviolenttowardspeople.幸運的是，盡管他們的名字不好聽，但它們通常對待人并不暴力。[例1]Theylaidviolenthandsonhim.他們對他施以暴力。[例2]Theviolentwindsburiedthevillageinsand.狂風(fēng)把村子掩埋在沙中。[造句]這個精神病患者很暴力，不得不把他鎖起來。Themadmanwasviolentandhadtobelockedup.[學(xué)問拓展](1)layviolenthandson 對……行兇，對……下毒手beviolentto/towards 對……粗暴(2)violencen. 暴力；暴行[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Shethoughtthatsomeofthemhadbeenlayingviolenthandsonme.②Heslammedthedoorwithviolence(violent)．③Myfatherwasviolentto/towardsmymotherwhenhewasdrunk.[小片段填空]Isetouttomakeafilmwithoutviolence，andDollsendedupbecomingthemostviolentfilmthatI'vemade.(violence)eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問要點4)hatchvi.孵出；破殼vt.使孵出；策劃；(尤指)密謀[教材原句P21]Itseggshatchafterabouttendays...它的蛋大約10天后破殼……[例1]Don'tcountthechickensbeforetheyarehatched.[諺]雞蛋還未孵，別忙數(shù)雞雛。[例2]Ihatchedallthearrangementforthedance.我為舞會做了一切支配。[造句]那些蛋孵化了嗎？Havetheeggshatchedoutyet?[學(xué)問拓展]hatcheggs 孵蛋hatchout 孵化出來；結(jié)果變成[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Thechickshatchoutafter21days.②Inthedepthsofaforestaduckwassittinginhernest.Herlittleducklingswereabouttobehatched(hatch)SentencePatterneq\a\vs4\al(重點句式)until引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句[教材原句P20]Theysleepanddrinkmilkinthattemporary，protectedenvironmentuntiltheyareaboutsevenoreightmonthsold．大約七八個月大之前，它們始終待在那個短暫受愛護(hù)的環(huán)境里睡覺和吃奶。[句式分析]eq\x(句中until引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，表示“直到……時”。)[例1]I'llworkuntilhetellsmetostop.我會始終工作到他叫我停下來為止。[例2]Untilthelastminuteofthematch，theplayerskeptonplaying.直到競賽的最終一分鐘，運動員們?nèi)栽趭^戰(zhàn)。[造句]他們將始終等到她回來。Theywillwaittheretillshereturns.[學(xué)問拓展](1)till和until可以通用，表示主句謂語動詞所表達(dá)的動作持續(xù)到從句謂語動詞所表達(dá)的動作發(fā)生時為止，在確定句中，主句要用持續(xù)性動詞。(2)在否定句中，until或till可以和非持續(xù)性動詞連用。until引導(dǎo)的從句可以放在句首，till引導(dǎo)的從句一般放在句末。(3)notuntil放在句首時，主句的主謂要倒置，表示加強(qiáng)語氣。[即學(xué)即練]——完成句子①Shedidn'tgotobeduntilshehadmadesurethateverythingwasinorder.直到她確信一切都井然有序后才去睡覺。②Theparentswaitedfortheboysuntilitgotdark．父母們等那些男孩子始終等到天黑。③Notuntilhefinishedhisworkdidhegotobed．直到完成工作他才去睡覺。標(biāo)題歸納題記敘文、說明文和爭論文三種文體涉及的不同話題的閱讀材料都會考查到標(biāo)題歸納題。設(shè)問形式常有：(1)Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?(2)Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage/text?(3)Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?(4)Themostsuitabletitleofthispassageis．一個好的標(biāo)題應(yīng)具備三大特點：概括——精確而又簡短；針對性——標(biāo)題外延正好與文章內(nèi)容相符；醒目——能引發(fā)讀者的閱讀欲望。解題技巧1．“高度概括”定標(biāo)題(1)所選文章標(biāo)題須能概括全文的中心內(nèi)容。標(biāo)題是文章的點睛之筆，是文章的靈魂和門面。為吸引讀者的留意，標(biāo)題往往比較醒目。(2)一般文章的標(biāo)題可依據(jù)主題句來推斷，但在某些文章中，如記敘文，沒有明確的主題句，須要依據(jù)文中的事實細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)，查找文章的“主線”，歸納出文章的主題。2．文章標(biāo)題三特點(1)形式一般為單詞、短語或句子，短語居多；(2)短小精悍，精確性強(qiáng)；(3)涵蓋性強(qiáng)，能覆蓋全文大意。[典例]StevenSteinlikestofollowgarbagetrucks.Hisstrangehabitmakessensewhenyouconsiderthathe'sanenvironmentalscientistwhostudieshowtoreducelitter，includingthingsthatfalloffgarbagetrucksastheydrivedowntheroad.WhatisevenmoreinterestingisthatoneofStein'sjobsisdefendinganindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbags.Americansusemorethan100billionthinfilmplasticbagseveryyear.Somanyendupintreebranchesoralonghighwaysthatagrowingnumberofcitiesdonotallowthematcheckouts(收銀臺)．Thebagsareprohibitedinsome90citiesinCalifornia，includingLosAngeles.Eyeingtheseheadwinds，plastic-bagmakersarehiringscientistslikeSteintomakethecasethattheirproductsarenotasbadfortheplanetasmostpeopleassume.Amongthebagmakers'arguments：manycitieswithbansstillallowshopperstopurchasepaperbags，whichareeasilyrecycledbutrequiremoreenergytoproduceandtransport.Andwhileplasticbagsmaybeuglytolookat，theyrepresentasmallpercentageofallgarbageonthegroundtoday.Theindustryhasalsotakenaimattheproductthathasappearedasitsreplacement：reusableshoppingbags.Thestrongerareusablebagis，thelongeritslifeandthemoreplastic-baguseitcancelsout.However，longer-lastingreusablebagsoftenrequiremoreenergytomake.Onestudyfoundthatacottonbagmustbeusedatleast131timestobebetterfortheplanetthanplastic.Environmentalistsdon'tdispute(質(zhì)疑)thesepoints.Theyhopepaperbagswillbebannedsomedaytooandwantshopperstousethesamereusablebagsforyears.★Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Plastic，PaperorNeitherB．Industry，PollutionandEnvironmentC．RecycleorThrowAwayD．GarbageCollectionandWasteControlA[本文講解并描述了運用塑料袋造成的環(huán)境問題，紙袋簡單回收，但生產(chǎn)和運輸須要更多的能源，希望消費者運用耐用可重復(fù)運用的袋子。文章對這三個方面進(jìn)行了對比，Plastic，PaperorNeither既能概括全文，又能吸引讀者，適合作為標(biāo)題，故選A。][對點訓(xùn)練]AIfacitywantstoholdtheOlympics，itmustsubmitaproposaltotheIOC.Afterallproposalshavebeensubmitted，theIOCvotes.Ifnocitywiththefewestvotesiseliminated(淘汰)，thevotingcontinues，untilamajoritywinnerisdetermined.Typically，theGamesareawardedseveralyearsinadvance，allowingthewinningcitytimetopreparefortheGames.InselectingthesiteoftheOlympicGames，theIOCconsidersanumberoffactors，andchieflyamongthemiswhichorganizingcommitteeseemsmostlikelytostagetheGameseffectively.TheIOCalsoconsiderswhichpartsoftheworldhavenotyethostedtheGames.Forinstance，Tokyo，thehostofthe1964SummerGames，andBeijing，thatofthe2008Games，werechoseninparttopopularizetheOlympicmovementinAsia.Becauseofthegrowingimportanceoftelevisionworldwide，theIOCinrecentyearshasalsotakenintoaccountthehostcity'stimezone.WhenevertheGamestakeplaceintheUSAorCanada，forexample，Americantelevisionnetworksarewillingtopayspeciallyhigheramountsfortelevisionrightsbecausetheycanbroadcastpopulareventsliveinthebestviewinghours.OncetheGameshavebeenawarded，itisthedutyofthelocalorganizingcommittee—nottheIOCortheNOCofthehostcity'scountrytoprovidethemwithmoney.ThisisoftendonewithapartoftheOlympictelevisionrevenues(收入)，andcorporatesponsorships，ticketssales，andothersmallerrevenuesources.Inmanycasesthereisalsodirectgovernmentsupport.AlthoughmanycitieshavegainedamountsofmoneybyhostingtheGames，theOlympicscanbefinanciallyrisky.IfthefinancialgainsfromtheGamesarelessthanexpected，thecitywillbeleftwithlargedebts.★Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A．WinnerorLoserB．ApplyingforHostfortheOlympicsC．HowtoHosttheOlympicGamesD．TheOlympicGamesB[標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了申辦奧運會的流程：先向國際奧委會提交提案，國際奧委會依據(jù)規(guī)則和實際狀況投票選擇主辦城市，一旦確定主辦城市，則該城市應(yīng)主動打算。故B項最適合作本文的標(biāo)題。]BTheDetroitSymphonyOrchestrawillbeperformingworksbyGeorgesBizetonFridaymorning.Youmightenjoyclassicalmusicandliketoattendtheperformance，butlivefarawayfromAmerica'sMotorCity.OnSaturday，theGoGogroupCurtisJohnsonisperformingattheKennedyCenterinWashingtonD．C.Ifyouliveoverseas，goingtothatshowisprobablyoutofthequestion.Butthereisasolution!Theseandotherconcertsareavailable“l(fā)ive”ontheInternet.Youcanheartheminrealtimewithanelectronicdevice.BothperformanceswillbeavailableontheWorldWideWeb.Theyarepartofagrowingnumberofconcertsbroadcastoncomputers，tabletsandsmartphones.Thesedigitalconcertsareknownaslive-streaming.TechnologyexpertMichaelAntonoffsaysbetterandlesscostlyequipmentismakingiteasierforperformersandtheaterstooffermusic“l(fā)ive”online.“Thequalityofthesoundandvideopicturesareimprovingallthetime，”hesays.“Thoseonlineconcertsnowhaveasmanyas40，000viewerspershow.Peoplein100nationsarewatchi