浙江省杭州市學(xué)軍中學(xué)紫金港高中2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期中考前測英語試題

高一年級英語試題考試滿分：150分；考試時間：120分鐘第Ⅰ卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whenwillthemanpickupthewoman?A.At10:30.B.At10:50.C.At11:50.2.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthejacket?A.Big.B.HeavyC.Small.3.WhereisMary?A.SheisoutsomewhereBSheisinherbedroom.C.Sheisinthekitchen.4.Whereisthewomannow?A.Inagym.B.Inastore.C.Inarestaurant.5.Howmuchwillthemanpayintotal?A.$4.B.$6.C.$8.第二節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘：聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答6、7小題。6.Whatkindofhotelisthemanlookingfor?A.Amodernhotel.B.AfortablehotelC.Acheaphotel.7.Howlongwillthemanstayinthehotel?A.Onenight.B.Twonights.C.Threenights.聽下面一段對話，回答8、9小題。8.Wheredidthemanprobablyworkbefore?A.Inahospital.B.Inalanguageschool.C.InaFrenchpany.9.Howlongwillthemanworkathisnewjob?A.Foraboutoneyear.B.Forabouttwoyears.C.Foraboutthreeyears.聽下面一段較長對話，回答1012小題。10.Whoisthemanprobably?Kate’sboyfriend.B.Aforeignstudent.C.Thewoman’sfriend.11.WhatisKatedoingnow?A.Makingaphonecall.B.Readingabook.C.Watchingafilm.12.Whyisthemanaskingsomanyquestionstonight?A.Toknowmoreaboutthefamily.B.ToimprovehisspokenEnglish.C.TogetclosetoKate.聽下面一段較長對話，回答1315小題。13.Whatdidthewomanplantostudyatfirst?A.Art.B.Law.C.Business.14.Whydoesthewomandecidetostudymedicinenow?A.Becausedoctorsarehighlypaid.B.Becausepeoplealwaysrespectdoctors.C.BecausetherearenotenoughdoctorsinChina.15.Whatisthemanstudying?A.English.B.History.C.Marketing.16.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Thetwospeakersareclassmates.B.Themanhasalsochangedhismind.C.Thewomangivesthemansomeusefuladvice.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答1720小題。17.WhatdoesSeando?A.Astudent.B.Abusinessman.C.Afarmer.18.WhatdidSeandorecently?A.Hecreatedawebsite.B.Hedidsomeresearch.C.Heboughtaland.19.Howlongdidittaketwentyvolunteerstoturnagrassylandintoafarm?A.Withinaweek.B.Twoweeks.C.Sixweekends.20.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Howtorunafarmwell.B.Anewtypeoffarming.C.Startingafarminruralareas.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIfyouhavebeenwantingtolearnSpanish,orperhapsyouoncetookaSpanishcourseincollegeandwanttoimproveyourskills,butaretoobusytotakemorelessons,youmighthavethoughtaboutusinganapp.PimsleurThePimsleurappoffersanaudiobasedmethodforlearningforeignlanguages.Itsprogramincludescorelessons,roleplayspeakingchallenges,practiceactivitiesandgames,aswellasculturalandhistoricalfacts.ThePimsleursystemstatesthatyou’lllearnthelanguageinjust30minutesadaywithoutboringgrammarlessonsormindlessrepetition.BabbelBabbelisapopularappthatisbasedonconversationalskills.Itsprogramisbasedonreallifeconversationsaboutusefultopics,anditusesspeechrecognitiontechnologytohelpyouimproveyourpronunciation.Theappprovidesyouwithgrammartipsandlotsofreviewactivities,anditalsotracksyourlearningprogresssothatyoucanseehowyouareimproving.DuolingoItsprogramismadetobegameliketomakeitfun.Itclaimstoadapttoyourownlearningstylesothatyoucanhavelessonsthatcanmeetyourspecificneeds.Italsooffersrewardstokeepyoumotivated(有積極性的).Duolingoincludesreading,writing,speaking,listeningandconversationpractice.Peopleenjoythismethodbecausetheyfeelliketheyareplayingagameinsteadofworking.BeelinguappItisaclean,userfriendlyappthatfocusesonlearningalanguagebyreading.ItplacesSpanishandanotherlanguagesidebysideusingdifferentstories,soyoucanbuildawarenessofhowthelanguageworksandlistentoanativespeakerreadyourfavoritestories.Youcanchoosedifferenttextgenres(類型)andcreateflashcardstokeeptrackofeverythingyoulearn.1.WhatdoPimsleurandDuolingohaveinmon?A.Theybothfocusongrammarlearning.B.Theybothuserelaxingwaystointerestusers.C.Theybothrewardusersfortheirlearningprogress.D.Theybothprovideoneononeinstructionforbeginners.2.WhatbenefitcanusersgetfromBabbel?A.Developingtheirinterestinscience.B.Makingfriendswithnativespeakers.C.GettingbettergradesinSpanishexams.D.Masteringexpressionsindailymunication.3.Whichappprovidesuserswithreadingmaterialsintwolanguages?A.Beelinguapp. B.Pimsleur. C.Duolingo. D.Babbel.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四款幫助用戶學(xué)習(xí)西班牙語的應(yīng)用軟件?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Pimsleur中“ThePimsleursystemstatesthatyou’lllearnthelanguageinjust30minutesadaywithoutboringgrammarlessonsormindlessrepetition.(Pimsleur系統(tǒng)聲稱，你每天只需30分鐘就能學(xué)會一門語言，沒有枯燥的語法課或無意識的重復(fù))”和Duolingo中“Itsprogramismadetobegameliketomakeitfun.(它的程序被設(shè)計得像游戲一樣，讓它變得有趣)”可知，Pimsleur和Duolingo的共同之處在于都不枯燥，而是使用放松的方式來吸引用戶。故選B項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Babbel中“Babbelisapopularappthatisbasedonconversationalskills.Itsprogramisbasedonreallifeconversationsaboutusefultopics,anditusesspeechrecognitiontechnologytohelpyouimproveyourpronunciation.(Babbel是一款基于會話技巧的流行應(yīng)用。它的程序基于現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中關(guān)于有用話題的對話，它使用語音識別技術(shù)來幫助你提高發(fā)音)”可知，Babbel的程序基于日常生活的對話，有益于用戶掌握日常交際用語。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Beelinguapp中“Itisaclean,userfriendlyappthatfocusesonlearningalanguagebyreading.ItplacesSpanishandanotherlanguagesidebysideusingdifferentstories,soyoucanbuildawarenessofhowthelanguageworksandlistentoanativespeakerreadyourfavoritestories.(它是一款簡潔、用戶友好的應(yīng)用程序，專注于通過閱讀學(xué)習(xí)語言。它通過不同的故事將西班牙語和另一種語言放在一起)”可知，Beelinguapp為用戶提供兩種語言的閱讀材料。故選A項(xiàng)。BHarditSinghisahighschoolstudentfromCameronHeightsCollegiateInstituteinWaterloo,Ontario.Hisscienceproject,calledSpeculor,wonsecondplaceinthe32ndEuropeanUnionContestforYoungScientists.Harditsaidhethoughtaboutpeoplewhostruggletogeteyecareafterhisfriendcouldn’tgetitforalongtime.“IfthiscanhappeninaricherandmoredevelopedarealikeWaterloo,whatcouldtheconditionsbelikeinotherpoorerareas?”InCanada,mostpeoplehavetopayfortheirowneyecare,althoughsomeprovincescoversomeofthecosts.Thatmeanseitherpayingamonthlyfeeforaninsurance(保險)planortakingmoneyoutofyourownbankaccountwheneveryouneedsomethinglikeaneyeappointmentandapairofglasses.“Ourprimaryhealthcaresystemdoesn’tincorporateeyecarerightnow,soitbeesexpensive,”saidHardit.“Thisisaproblemthatshouldbesolved.”Hardit’sprojectisanimagernamedSpeculor,whichisanelectronicdevice(設(shè)備)thateyeexpertsusetorecordandexamineimagesofeyes.Speculorusesartificialintelligence(AI)—throughasmartphone—todeterminewhichpatientsrequirefurtherscreening.It’sportable(便攜的),whichmeansadoctorcantakethedevicetothepatientsothepatientdoesn’thavetotravel.Itcostsabout$300,whichisfarlessthanothermedicaldevices,whichcancostupto$5,000.Alotofexplorationwentintodevelopingtheproject,saidHardit,soheusedtheLatinword“speculor”,whichisaverbthatmeanstowatch,examineandexplore,whennamingthedevice.HesaidSpeculorsummedupthepointofhisproject,nottomentiontheentirespiritofscience.Harditwon€5,000inprizemoneyfromthepetition.Hesaidheplannedtosavesomeofitforuniversity.“Ihavebeealotmoreinterestedinphysics,soIthinkthat’swhatmynextgoalisforthefuture,”Harditsaid.4.WhydidHarditSinghhavetheideaofinventingsuchadevice?A.Hisfriend’sexperienceinspiredhim.B.Hewasinfluencedbyanimportantcontest.C.Hisstruggletogeteyecarecausedhimmuchtrouble.D.Hefeltworriedaboutchildren’sconditionsinpoorareas.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“incorporate”inParagraph3mean?A.Improve. B.Analyze. C.Research. D.Include.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutHarditSinghfromthetext?A.Heisrichbutmean. B.Heiscreativeandcaring.C.Heisstrictandresponsible. D.Heistalentedbutunfortunate.7.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthistext?A.AhighschoolstudentinventsaneyecaredeviceB.ThedeviceSpeculorattractsmoreandmoreattentionC.ThemedicalconditionsinCanadahaveimprovedgreatlyD.Anewprojectprovidessurprisingresults【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了一位來自加拿大安大略省沃特盧市的高中生哈迪特·辛格科學(xué)項(xiàng)目“窺鏡”在第32屆歐盟青年科學(xué)家競賽中獲得第二名。4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Harditsaidhethoughtaboutpeoplewhostruggletogeteyecareafterhisfriendcouldn’tgetitforalongtime.(哈迪特說，因?yàn)樗呐笥押荛L時間都得不到眼科護(hù)理，他想到了那些難以得到眼科護(hù)理的人?！笨芍?，朋友的經(jīng)歷給了他啟示，讓哈迪特·辛格有發(fā)明這種設(shè)備的想法。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句“Ourprimaryhealthcaresystemdoesn’tincorporateeyecarerightnow,soitbeesexpensive(我們的基本醫(yī)療保障制度現(xiàn)在不incorporate眼科保健，所以它變得昂貴。)”中“itbeesexpensive”可推知，眼科保健沒有包含在基本醫(yī)療保障制度中，所以非常昂貴。由此推知，incorporate與include同義，意為“包含”。故選D項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Harditsaidhethoughtaboutpeoplewhostruggletogeteyecareafterhisfriendcouldn’tgetitforalongtime.(哈迪特說，因?yàn)樗呐笥押荛L時間都得不到眼科護(hù)理，他想到了那些難以得到眼科護(hù)理的人。)”和第三段中哈迪特·辛格的話“Thisisaproblemthatshouldbesolved.(這是一個應(yīng)該解決的問題。)”可知，哈迪特·辛格關(guān)心他人的疾苦，說明他一個關(guān)心他人的人(caring)；根據(jù)第一段中“Hisscienceproject,calledSpeculor,wonsecondplaceinthe32ndEuropeanUnionContestforYoungScientists.(他的科學(xué)項(xiàng)目“窺鏡”在第32屆歐盟青年科學(xué)家競賽中獲得第二名。)”和第五段中“Alotofexplorationwentintodevelopingtheproject,saidHardit,soheusedtheLatinword“speculor”,whichisaverbthatmeanstowatch,examineandexplore,whennamingthedevice.(哈迪特說，為了開發(fā)這個項(xiàng)目，他進(jìn)行了大量的探索，所以他在命名這個裝置時使用了拉丁語“speculor”，這是一個動詞，意思是觀察、檢查和探索。)”可推知，哈迪特·辛格是富有創(chuàng)造力的人(creative)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段“HarditSinghisahighschoolstudentfromCameronHeightsCollegiateInstituteinWaterloo,Ontario.Hisscienceproject,calledSpeculor,wonsecondplaceinthe32ndEuropeanUnionContestforYoungScientists.(哈迪特·辛格是安大略省滑鐵盧市卡梅倫海茨學(xué)院的一名高中生。他的科學(xué)項(xiàng)目“窺鏡”在第32屆歐盟青年科學(xué)家競賽中獲得第二名。)”和第四段中“Hardit’sprojectisanimagernamedSpeculor,whichisanelectronicdevice(設(shè)備)thateyeexpertsusetorecordandexamineimagesofeyes.(哈迪特的項(xiàng)目是一個名為Speculor的成像儀，這是一種眼科專家用來記錄和檢查眼睛圖像的電子設(shè)備。)”可知，文章報道了高中生哈迪特·辛格發(fā)明了一種名為Speculor的眼部護(hù)理設(shè)備，所以“Ahighschoolstudentinventsaneyecaredevice(一名高中生發(fā)明了一種眼部護(hù)理設(shè)備)”是文章最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。CTheGreekphilosopherHeraclitusoncesaidthatyoucan’tstepintothesamerivertwice,foryouaren’tthesamepersonateachvisitandthewateriseverflowing.Itisapowerfulwaytoshowtherealitythateverythingisalwayschanging.Yetsomanypeoplehaveunpleasantrelationshipswithchange.Weresistitorattempttocontrolit,theresultofwhichisalmostalwayssomebinationofstress,anxiety,andburnout.Itdoesn’thavetobethatway.Nodoubt,changecan,andoftendoes,hurt;butwiththerightmindset,itcanalsobeaforceforgrowth.Aconceptcalledallostasiscanhelp.Developedinthelate1980sbyneuroscientistPeterSterlingandbiologistJosephEyer,allostasisisbasedontheideathatratherthanbeingrigid,ourhealthybaselineisamovingtarget.Allostasisisdefinedas“stabilitythroughchange”—thewaytostaystablethroughtheprocessofchangeisbychanging.Fromneurosciencetopainscienceandpsychology,allostasishasbeethedominantmodelforunderstandingchangeinthescientificmunity.Thebrainisatitsbestwhenitisconstantlyrewiringitselfandmakingnewconnections.Overingpainisnotaboutresistanceortryingtogetbacktowhereyouwerebutaboutbalancingacceptancewithproblemsolvingandmovingforwardtonormal.Thetimetostartpracticingisnow.Overthepastfewyears,theriverofchangehasbeenflowing,anditshowsnosignsoflettingup.Ourabilitytoworkwiththesechangesisdirectlyrelatedtoourlifesatisfaction.Givenallthis,simplycreatingastableexpectancyaroundchangegoesalongway.Sodoesrealizingthattheallostasismindsetdoesn’taskustodonothing.Rather,itasksustopartakeinchangebyfocusingonwhatwecancontrolandtryingtoletgoofwhatwecan’t.WhenIcatchmyselfresistingchange,inmyheadIsaythefollowing:“Thisiswhatishappeningrightnow.I’mdoingthebestthatIcan.What,ifany,skillfulactionscanItake?”Dothisrepeatedlyandfinallyyoustarttogetbetteratit.Tothriveinourlifetime—andnotjustsurvive—weneedtotransformourrelationshipwithchange,leavingbehindrigidityandresistance.Wearealwaysshapingandbeingshapedbychange,oftenattheverysametime.8.What’sthemonpracticetowardchange?A.Toweleit. B.Torejectit.C.Tooverlookit. D.Toadapttoit.9.Whichofthefollowingcanbestinterpret“allostasis”?A.Onesizefitsall. B.Timeworksgreatchanges.C.Respondtochangebychanging. D.It’snevertoolatetochange.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“l(fā)ettingup”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Stopping. B.Dashingdown.C.Goingup. D.Widening.11.Whatmighttheauthoragreewith?A.Repetitionmakesupforrigidity. B.Itmatterstofocusonwhatwecan’t.C.Changespromotelifesatisfaction. D.Itmakessensetoembracechanges.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要探討了變化與穩(wěn)定性的概念，并強(qiáng)調(diào)適應(yīng)變化和在變化中找到穩(wěn)定性的重要性。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Yetsomanypeoplehaveunpleasantrelationshipswithchange.Weresistitorattempttocontrolit(然而，很多人與變化的關(guān)系并不愉快。我們抵制它或試圖控制它)”可知，對于變化常見的做法是拒絕它。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Allostasisisdefinedas“stabilitythroughchange”—thewaytostaystablethroughtheprocessofchangeisbychanging.(動態(tài)平衡被定義為“通過變化實(shí)現(xiàn)穩(wěn)定”——在變化過程中保持穩(wěn)定的方法就是通過變化)”和第三段中“allostasishasbeethedominantmodelforunderstandingchangeinthescientificmunity.Thebrainisatitsbestwhenitisconstantlyrewiringitselfandmakingnewconnections.Overingpainisnotaboutresistanceortryingtogetbacktowhereyouwerebutaboutbalancingacceptancewithproblemsolvingandmovingforwardtonormal.(動態(tài)平衡已成為科學(xué)界理解變化的主導(dǎo)模型。當(dāng)大腦不斷地重新連接自己并建立新的連接時，它就處于最佳狀態(tài)?？朔纯嗖⒉皇堑挚够蛟噲D回到原來的狀態(tài)，而是平衡接受與解決問題并走向正常)”可推知，動態(tài)平衡是在變化過程中保持穩(wěn)定，即面對變化并從中找到穩(wěn)定，C項(xiàng)“通過改變來應(yīng)對改變。”能最好地描繪出“動態(tài)平衡”，故選C?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線短語上文“Overthepastfewyears,theriverofchangehasbeenflowing,(這幾年，變化的河流一直在流淌)”可知，變化一直都在發(fā)生，不會停下來，由此可推知，畫線短語意為“停下來”，故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Tothriveinourlifetime—andnotjustsurvive—weneedtotransformourrelationshipwithchange,leavingbehindrigidityandresistance.(為了在我們的一生中蓬勃發(fā)展——而不僅僅是生存——我們需要通過變化來改變我們的關(guān)系，拋棄僵化和阻力)”可知，作者認(rèn)為我們需要通過變化來改變我們的關(guān)系，拋棄僵化和阻力，由此可推知，作者可能會同意“擁抱變化是有意義的?！边@個觀點(diǎn)，故選D。DInthePixarmovieUp,afuncartoondogcalledDugwearsamagicalcollarwhichcandetectandtranslatehisbarksandcriesintofluenthumanspeech.Humanshavealwaysbeenfascinatedbythepotentialtomunicatewiththeanimals.Thisweek,anarticleintheNewYorkTimesdocumentedmajoreffortsfromagroupofresearchersusingmachinelearningalgorithms(算法)toanalyzethedifferentcallsofwhales,chickens,bats,cats,andmore.ThereareseveralwaystotrainAIsystemsnow.Typically,AlsystemslearnthroughtrainingwithlabeleddataofhumanlanguagewhichcanbewellsuppliedbytheInternet.Butanalyzinganimallanguageisdifferent.Scientistshavetoinstructsoftwareprogramsonwhattolookfor,andhowtoorganizethedata.Thisprocessrequiresmatchinggainedvocal(發(fā)聲的)recordingswiththevisualsocialbehaviorsofanimals.AgroupstudyingEgyptianfruitbats,forexample,alsousedvideocamerastorecordthebatsthemselvestoprovidecontextforthecalls.ManycriticsofthisapproachpointouttwoweaknessesofcurrentAIlanguagemodels:beingunabletotrulyunderstandtherelationshipsbetweenwordsandtheobjectsintherealworld,andscientists’littleunderstandingofanimalsocieties.Allanguagemodelsforhumansrelyonaputermappingouttherelationshipbetweenwordsandthecontextstheycouldappearin.Butthesemodelshavetheirownweakpoints,andcansometimesbeablackbox—researchersknowwhatgoesinandesout,butdon’tquiteunderstandhowthealgorithmisarrivingattheconclusion.Anotherfactorthatresearchersshouldtakeintoaccountisthatanimalmunicationsmightnotworkatalllikehumanmunications.Theremightbeuniqueelementstoanimallanguageduetophysiologicalandbehavioraldifferences.MakingaTranslatorforanimalshasbeenapopularprojectthat’sbeenintheworksforthelastdecade.Althoughsomesoftwarehasshownsomesuccessinidentifyingthebasicvocabularyofcertainanimals,it’sstillafarcryfromunderstandingtheplexanimallanguages.12.WhydoresearchersuseAltoanalyzeanimals’calls?ATotellthedifferencesamonganimals.B.TotestAl’sabilityoftranslatinganimallanguage.C.Tounderstandanimallanguagebetter.D.Toexplorethefunofmunicatingwithanimals.13Whatmakesanalyzinganimallanguagedifferent?A.ThelackoflabeleddatafortrainingAlsystems.B.Thedifficultyinrelatinghumanspeechtorealobjects.C.Theneedforsoundrecordingstoprovidecontext.D.Thematchingofvocalrecordingswiththeircalls.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedterm“blackbox”refertoinParagraph3?A.Allanguagemodelstostudyanimalmunication.B.Theresearchers’studyonanimalsocieties.C.Therelationshipbetweenwordsandcontext.D.ThemethodofAlalgorithmstodrawconclusions.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Alsystemsforanimallanguagetranslation.B.LimitationsofcurrentAllanguagemodels.C.Uniqueaspectsofdetectinganimallanguage.D.Challengesincreatingatranslatorforanimals.【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了研究人員在運(yùn)用人工智能來識別動物的叫聲，試圖與動物交流的研究中所遇到的困難與挑戰(zhàn)?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Humanshavealwaysbeenfascinatedbythepotentialtomunicatewiththeanimals.Thisweek,anarticleintheNewYorkTimesdocumentedmajoreffortsfromagroupofresearchersusingmachinelearningalgorithms(算法)toanalyzethedifferentcallsofwhales,chickens,bats,cats,andmore.(人類一直著迷于與動物交流的潛力。本周，《紐約時報》的一篇文章記錄了一組研究人員使用機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)算法分析鯨魚、雞、蝙蝠、貓等不同叫聲的重大努力。)”可推知，研究人員使用人工智能分析動物叫聲的目的是為了能更好地理解動物語言。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Typically,AlsystemslearnthroughtrainingwithlabeleddataofhumanlanguagewhichcanbewellsuppliedbytheInternet.Butanalyzinganimallanguageisdifferent.Scientistshavetoinstructsoftwareprogramsonwhattolookfor,andhowtoorganizethedata.Thisprocessrequiresmatchinggainedvocal(發(fā)聲的)recordingswiththevisualsocialbehaviorsofanimals.(通常，人工智能系統(tǒng)通過訓(xùn)練人類語言的標(biāo)記數(shù)據(jù)來學(xué)習(xí)，這些數(shù)據(jù)可以通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)很好地提供。但是分析動物的語言是不同的?？茖W(xué)家必須指導(dǎo)軟件程序?qū)ふ沂裁矗约叭绾谓M織數(shù)據(jù)。這個過程需要將獲得的聲音記錄與動物的視覺社會行為相匹配。)”可推知，分析動物語言和分析人類語言的不同之處在于前者缺乏用于培訓(xùn)人工智能系統(tǒng)的動物語言標(biāo)簽數(shù)據(jù)。故選A。【14題詳解】詞句猜題題。根據(jù)劃線詞組所在句中的“researchersknowwhatgoesinandesout,butdon’tquiteunderstandhowthealgorithmisarrivingattheconclusion.(研究人員知道輸進(jìn)去什么，得出什么結(jié)論，但不太了解算法是如何得出結(jié)論的。)”可知，“blackbox”指代的是人工智能算法得出結(jié)論的方法。故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，第一段引出研究人員試圖通過人工智能來分析動物叫聲從而與動物進(jìn)行交流的話題；第二段至四段分析這種方法所面臨的困難與挑戰(zhàn)；第五段總結(jié)通過人工智能來分析動物叫聲從而與動物交流仍然任重道遠(yuǎn)。由此可知，文章主要介紹了創(chuàng)造動物語言翻譯系統(tǒng)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。LIKEMINDEDMATESIt’sfuntospendtimewithpeoplewhohavesimilarintereststoyou.Friendshipsbasedonmutualpassionsenableyoutoindulge(沉溺)inthethingsyouenjoydoingwhilesharingyourcreativityandexperienceswithothers.Herearesomeofthebenefitsyoumightdiscover.·Senseofbelonging____16____.Andhavingaplacewhereyoucanexploreanddevelopyourcreativeselfisfulfillingandenergizing.Groupsenableyoutogainsupport,seekadvice,andfindinspiration.Theycanbeawelebreakandsomewheretorelaxafterabusyday.·ChancetoescapeandrechargeTakingpartinactivitiesthatdifferfromthoseinyourdailylifeisagoodwaytorefocusandrecharge.Timeawayfromschoolisuplifting.____17____.Engagingincreativepursuitswithothersalsohelpsyoutobemoremindful,meaningyou’remorepresentinthemomentandlesslikelytobethinkingaboutthepastorworryingaboutthefuture.·____18____Talkingthroughprojectscanhelpyoutodiscoveranddevelopnewideas.____19____.Youmightuncoveraninnovativetechnique,awaytostreamlineyourwork.Creativegroupsenableyoutoexperimentwiththingsyoumightnothaveconsidered,exposingyoutonewmodesofexpression.·MotivationLearningandgrowingwithfriendsallowyoutomakemoreofyourpotential.Sharingajourneycangiveyouapushforwardifyoubeestuck.Andtheenthusiasmofothersisagreatmotivator.____20____,everyoneinthegroupcansupporteachother,workingtowardsyourvariousgoals.A.IdeasandinspirationsB.OpportunitiestomakenewfriendsC.ItgivesahealthybalanceofworkandplayD.Bysharingwhatyou’dliketoachievewithothersE.YoumayfeelisolatedjoininganewgroupatfirstF.MeetingpeoplewiththesameinterestsobtainsafeelingofbeingapartG.Andwatchingothersisagreatwaytoviewwhatyoudofromafreshperspective【答案】16F17.C18.A19.G20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了和志同道合的人在一起的好處。【16題詳解】根據(jù)標(biāo)題“·Senseofbelonging(歸屬感)”以及后文“Andhavingaplacewhereyoucanexploreanddevelopyourcreativeselfisfulfillingandenergizing.Groupsenableyoutogainsupport,seekadvice,andfindinspiration.Theycanbeawelebreakandsomewheretorelaxafterabusyday.(有一個你可以探索和發(fā)展你的創(chuàng)造性自我的地方是充實(shí)和充滿活力的。團(tuán)體能讓你獲得支持，尋求建議，找到靈感。在忙碌的一天之后，它們可以是一個受歡迎的休息和放松的地方)”可知，本段主要說明了和有相同興趣愛好的人在一起會有一種歸屬感，即可以讓你融入其中。故F選項(xiàng)“和有相同興趣愛好的人見面能讓你有一種融入其中的感覺”符合語境，故選F。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Timeawayfromschoolisuplifting.(離開學(xué)校的時間是令人振奮的)”可知，上文提到離開學(xué)校的時間令人振奮，可知本句承接上文，說明離開學(xué)校的時間的積極影響。故C選項(xiàng)“它使工作和娛樂達(dá)到健康的平衡”符合語境，work呼應(yīng)上文school，故選C?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Talkingthroughprojectscanhelpyoutodiscoveranddevelopnewideas.(討論項(xiàng)目可以幫助你發(fā)現(xiàn)和發(fā)展新的想法)”可知，討論項(xiàng)目可以幫助你產(chǎn)生新的想法，帶給你靈感。故A選項(xiàng)“想法和靈感”符合語境，故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Talkingthroughprojectscanhelpyoutodiscoveranddevelopnewideas.(討論項(xiàng)目可以幫助你發(fā)現(xiàn)和發(fā)展新的想法)”以及后文“Youmightuncoveraninnovativetechnique,awaytostreamlineyourwork.(你可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)一種創(chuàng)新的技術(shù)，一種簡化工作的方法)”可知，本句旨在說明后文“發(fā)現(xiàn)一種創(chuàng)新的技術(shù)，一種簡化工作的方法”的方法，且上文提到了參與討論項(xiàng)目，可推測是在討論中從別人那里得到靈感和方法，故G選項(xiàng)“觀察別人是一個很好的方式，讓你從一個新的角度來看待你所做的事情”符合語境，故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)后文“everyoneinthegroupcansupporteachother,workingtowardsyourvariousgoals.(小組中的每個人都可以相互支持，朝著不同的目標(biāo)努力)”提到看小組里的人互相支持，朝著不同的目標(biāo)努力，推知空處指出和他人分享自己的目標(biāo)，然后獲得支持。故D選項(xiàng)“通過與他人分享你想要實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)”符合語境，故選D。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)Aweekago,insearchofanextremely____21____flowercalledthetagimoucia,ItravelledtoTaveuni,wheretheplantonlygrows.MyhostVagonitoldmethatmanylocalsmayhaveonlyseentheflowerinpictures.HealsotoldmethatI’dbe____22____toclimbthemountainwithouta____23____.“You’llbeonthesteep(陡峭的)serviceroadbeforeyou____24____therainforestonanunmarkedtracktohaveanychanceoffindingthetagimoucia.There’sthick____25____andit’salwaysraining,”hesaid.“Atbest,youdon’tfindthe____26____.Atworst,yougetpletely____27____.”IaskedVagoni____28____thisworstcasehadhappenedbefore.“____29____!”hesaid.“Justtwoweeksago,agroupofsevenlocalswentupwithoutaguideandgotlostinthecloud.Therewasasearchandrescuemission.Whata_____30_____!”Soon,wesetoutuptheserviceroadwithaguide.I’dhikedKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica,andmadeit_____31_____theEverestBaseCamp._____32_____,IquicklydiscoveredthatTaveuni’sextremehumidityandthetrail’ssteepnessmaketheclimbingastonishingly_____33_____.Ineededtostoptorestevery10minutes.Anhourlater,wewereintheforest,duckingunderfallentreesandclimbingoverotherobstacles.Suddenly,theguidepointedupwith_____34_____.“Look!Thetagimoucia!”heshouted.Icouldn’tbelievewe’dfoundit—Ialsocouldn’tseeathing,asmyglasseswere_____35_____upinthemist.21.A.delicate B.beautiful C.rare D.tiny22.A.slow B.funny C.foolish D.weak23.A.rope B.guide C.walkingstick D.sleepingbag24.A.cutinto B.searchfor C.lookaround D.makeout25.A.forest B.grass C.snow D.fog26.A.way B.water C.shelter D.flower27.A.mad B.lost C.exhausted D.defeated28.A.whether B.how C.when D.why29.A.Accidentally B.Basically C.Frequently D.Exactly30.A.chance B.shock C.schedule D.mess31.A.with B.to C.for D.at32.A.However B.Therefore C.Instead D.Besides33.A.impressive B.urgent C.unique D.tough34.A.excitement B.interest C.curiosity D.fear35.A.straightened B.steamed C.pushed D.broken【答案】21.C22.C23.B24.A25.D26.D27.B28.A29.C30.D31.B32.A33.D34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了，作者想去找一種罕見的花，沒有犯蠢，聽從了他人的建議帶著向?qū)б黄鹑サ巧?，?jīng)過艱難險阻，終于找到花，但因?yàn)殪F氣太重，戴眼鏡的作者什么也看不清。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一周前，為了尋找一種名為tagimoucia的極其罕見的花，我去了塔韋尼，這種植物只生長在那里。A.delicate微妙的；B.beautiful美麗的；C.rare稀少的、罕見的；D.tiny極小的。由下文的“Taveuni,wheretheplantonlygrows(花只在塔韋尼生長)”和“manylocalsmayhaveonlyseentheflowerinpictures(許多當(dāng)?shù)厝丝赡苤辉谡掌锌吹竭^這種花)”可知，名為tagimoucia的花是極其罕見的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他還告訴我，在沒有向?qū)У那闆r下登山是愚蠢的。A.slow慢慢的；B.funny有趣的；C.foolish愚蠢的；D.weak虛弱的。呼應(yīng)下文的“thisworstcasehadhappenedbefore(這種最糟糕的情況以前發(fā)生過)”和“Justtwoweeksago,agroupofsevenlocalswentupwithoutaguideandgotlostinthecloud.Therewasasearchandrescuemission.(就在兩周前，一個由七名當(dāng)?shù)厝私M成的小組在沒有向?qū)У那闆r下上去，在云霧中迷路了。當(dāng)時有一次搜救任務(wù))”講沒有向?qū)返巧綍l(fā)生糟糕的事情，這種行為無疑很愚蠢。故選C項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義或短語辨析。句意：他還告訴我，在沒有向?qū)У那闆r下登山是愚蠢的。A.rope繩子；B.guide向?qū)В籆.walkingstick手杖；D.sleepingbag睡袋。呼應(yīng)下文的“thisworstcasehadhappenedbefore(這種最糟糕的情況以前發(fā)生過)”和“Justtwoweeksago,agroupofsevenlocalswentupwithoutaguideandgotlostinthecloud.Therewasasearchandrescuemission.(就在兩周前，一個由七名當(dāng)?shù)厝私M成的小組在沒有向?qū)У那闆r下上去，在云霧中迷路了。當(dāng)時有一次搜救任務(wù))”講沒有向?qū)返巧綍l(fā)生糟糕的事情，這種行為無疑很愚蠢。故選B項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他說：“你將在陡峭的便道上，然后在一條沒有標(biāo)記的小路上駛?cè)胗炅?，有機(jī)會找到tagimoucia。那里有濃霧，而且一直在下雨。”A.cutinto切入；B.searchfor尋找；C.lookaround（四處）轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)；D.makeout理解。由本處的“You’llbeonthesteep(陡峭的)serviceroadbeforeyou____4____therainforestonanunmarkedtrack”可知，此處講先在便道上走，然后從沒有標(biāo)記的小路上切入（即駛?cè)耄┯炅?。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他說：“你將在陡峭的便道上，然后在一條沒有標(biāo)記的小路上駛?cè)胗炅?，有機(jī)會找到tagimoucia。那里有濃霧，而且一直在下雨。”A.forest森林；B.grass草；C.snow雪；D.fog霧。由常識，下文的“it’salwaysraining”和“inthemist(在薄霧中)”可知，雨林氣候炎熱，老下雨，會有濃霧，呼應(yīng)下文的“gotlostinthecloud(在云霧中迷路了)”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：往好了說，你找不到花。A.way路；B.water水；C.shelter庇護(hù)所；D.flower花。由上文講作者尋找的花很稀有，“thisworstcasehadhappenedbefore(這種最糟糕的情況以前發(fā)生過)”和下文的“Justtwoweeksago,agroupofsevenlocalswentupwithoutaguideandgotlostinthecloud.Therewasasearchandrescuemission.(就在兩周前，一個由七名當(dāng)?shù)厝私M成的小組在沒有向?qū)У那闆r下上去，在云霧中迷路了。當(dāng)時有一次搜救任務(wù))”可知，鑒于找花的艱難，好點(diǎn)情況是找不到花。故選D項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：往壞了說，會完全迷路。A.mad瘋狂的；B.lost迷路的；C.exhausted筋疲力盡的；D.defeated被擊敗的。由上文講作者尋找的花很稀有和下文的“Justtwoweeksago,agroupofseven