浙江省培優(yōu)聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期4月聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題

浙江培優(yōu)聯(lián)盟2023學(xué)年第二學(xué)期高二4月英語(yǔ)試題注意事項(xiàng):1.本卷滿(mǎn)分150分,考試時(shí)間120分鐘;2.答題前,在答題卷指定區(qū)域填寫(xiě)學(xué)校、班級(jí)、姓名、試場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)及準(zhǔn)考證號(hào);3.所有答案必須寫(xiě)在答題卷上,寫(xiě)在試卷上無(wú)效;4.考試結(jié)束后,只需上交答題卷。第I卷第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分30分)做題時(shí),先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿(mǎn)分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話,每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置,聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下置一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthemandoing?A.Havingarest.B.WatchingTV.C.Havingamathclass.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inastore.B.Inthepostoffice.C.Atthecinema.3.Howdoesthemansound?A.Confused.B.Relieved.C.Expectant.4.WhatdidthemandoonMonday?A.Heattendedthelecture.B.Hewenttothedentist.C.Hehadastomachache.5.Inwhichfieldisthemandesiringthejob?A.Sales.B.Technology.C.Publicrelations.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿(mǎn)分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料,回答第6.7題。6.Whatcanthemandowithhisgympass?A.Takeexerciseinateam,B.Usefacilitiesinthegym.C.Gainaccesstoeveryclass.7.Whencouldthemansignupfortheclass?A.Aftertalkingtotheinstructor.B.Afterpayingthefeeoftheclass.C.Beforemakingtheappointment.聽(tīng)第7段材料,回答第8至10題。8.Whathappenedtothewomanlastweekend?A.Shehadherwristsprained.B.Shedidn’tplaytheviolinwell.C.Shewasforcedtoplaytheviolin.9.Howisthewomanfeeling?A.Disappointed.B.Frustrated.C.Annoyed.10.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.FollowtheadviceofJim.B.PersuadeJimtoreplaceher.C.Tryherbesttoplaytheviolin.聽(tīng)第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11.Whathasthewomanbeendoingthesedays?A.Shopping.B.Working.C.Travelling.12.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Buysomegiftsforher.B.Seeheroffthenextday.C.Remendsomeshops.13.Whereisthewomangoingaftertheconversation?A.Ashop.B.Acafé.C.Ascenicspot.聽(tīng)第9段材料,回答第14至16題。14.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.PeoplelivinginTasmania.B.ForestprotectioninTasmania.C.ThegreenpoliticalpartyinTasmania.15.Whydidthegirlliveinatree?AShelovedtoplaycoolinthisway.B.Sheenjoyedthebetterviewupthere.C.Shetriedtosavethetreefrombeingcutdown.16.Howdoestheforestbenefitlocalpeople?A.Byofferingmorejobs.B.Byboostingthetourism.C.Byacmodatingmorepeople.聽(tīng)第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Heisadvertisingahouse.B.Heisshowingpeoplearoundahouse.C.Heisconstructingahouse.18.Whatdoweknowaboutthehouse?A.Itwaspletedbefore1904.B.Itwasdesignedinanoldstyle.C.Itwasnamedafterthearchitect.19.Whatmadethehousedifferentfromothersatthattime?A.Itmettheneedsofthecustomer.BItusedaspecialbuildingmaterial.C.Itfollowedthelatestfashiontrends.20.Whatdowelearnaboutthefurniture?A.Someofthemarecopies.B.Theirplansarenowheretobefound.C.Mostofthemhavebeenreplaced.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿(mǎn)分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AOnedestinationisalwaysontrend:thebeach,Peoplereadytoescapethehustleandbustleofeverydaylifearelookingtodiscovertranquility(寧?kù)o)alongapicturesquebeach.Checkoutthelistbelowtodiscoverbeachesyoulike.BabyBeachinMaui.HawaiiItscoresthetopspotforthecalmestbeachintheworldwithitscalmwaters.“BabyBeachisanidealbeachforfamilieswithtoddlers,”Bettssaid.“Sincethewatersaresocalmandshallow,itprovidestheperfectopportunityforchildrentosplasharoundintheocean.”Browne’sBeachinBridgetown,BarbadosThisfamoushalfmileexpanseofwhitesanddrawscrowdswithitscalm,crystalclearwaters.Itiscelebratedforitsnaturalbeautyandhistoricalsignificance,boastinglandmarksliketheBarbadosYachtClubandtheBarbadosCruisingClub.MaunaKeaBeachonHawaiiIsland,HawaiiFrontingtheMaunaKeaBeachHotelonHawaiiIsland,MaunaKeaBeachisidealforvisitorstopeacefullyenjoythePacificOcean.Withitscalmandclearconditions,it’sanidealdestinationforswimming,snorkeling,andsunbathing.PlayaLaEntregainOaxaca,MexicoSituatedalongtheOaxacancoastlineinaprotectedbay,PlayaLaEntregaoffersapeacefulmixofnaturalbeautyandadventure.Translatingto“thedelivery”inEnglish,thebeachwasonceadeliverypointforgoodsduringcolonialtimes.It’sapopularplacetosnorkelalongcoralreefsfilledwithmarinelife.Visitorscanrentsnorkelgearorbuyfreshfruitfromlocalvendors.1.Whichbeachbestsuitsfamilieswithchildren?A.BabyBeach. B.Browne’sBeach.C.MaunaKeaBeach, D.PlayaLaEntrega.2.Whatdothesebeacheshaveinmon?A.Theyallhavealonghistory. B.Theyareallfamousfortheirquietness.C.Theyarefantasticdestinationsforsurfers. D.Theyareusedfordeliveringgoods.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Aresearchpaper. B.Atravelbrochure.C.Ageographytextbook. D.Apersonaljournal.【答案】1.A2.B3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)美麗的海灘，詳細(xì)描述了每個(gè)海灘的特點(diǎn)和魅力，包括其寧?kù)o的環(huán)境、清澈的海水、白色的沙灘以及豐富的活動(dòng)選擇。向讀者展示這些海灘作為旅游目的地的吸引力，并鼓勵(lì)讀者去探索和體驗(yàn)這些美麗的海灘?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“BabyBeachinMaui.Hawaii”部分中的““BabyBeachisanidealbeachforfamilieswithtoddlers,”Bettssaid.“Sincethewatersaresocalmandshallow,itprovidestheperfectopportunityforchildrentosplasharoundintheocean.”(Betts說(shuō)：“BabyBeach是有小孩的家庭的理想海灘。由于海水如此平靜和淺，它為孩子們?cè)诤Ｑ罄飸蛩峁┝私^佳的機(jī)會(huì)?！?”可知，BabyBeach最適合帶孩子的家庭。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Onedestinationisalwaysontrend:thebeach,Peoplereadytoescapethehustleandbustleofeverydaylifearelookingtodiscovertranquility(寧?kù)o)alongapicturesquebeach.Checkoutthelistbelowtodiscoverbeachesyoulike.(有一個(gè)目的地總是在流行，那就是海灘。人們準(zhǔn)備逃離日常生活的喧囂，在風(fēng)景如畫(huà)的海灘上尋找寧?kù)o?？纯聪旅娴牧斜?，發(fā)現(xiàn)你喜歡的海灘)”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，這四處海灘都非常寧?kù)o，適合準(zhǔn)備逃離日常生活的喧囂的人們。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了四個(gè)美麗的海灘，描述了它們的特點(diǎn)和魅力，包括環(huán)境、海水、沙灘以及可以進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)。這種描述方式更符合旅游手冊(cè)的風(fēng)格，旨在吸引讀者去探索和體驗(yàn)這些旅游勝地。故選B。BCurrently,theabilitytospeakEnglishfluentlyhasbeeanecessityforindividualsandcountriestoparticipateintheglobaleconomy.Thisisparticularlytrueforcountriesthatheavilyrelyoninternationaltradeandinvestment.Singaporeisaperfectexampleofsuchacountry.SingaporeisasmallcitystatelocatedinSoutheastAsia.Despiteitssmallsize,ithasbeeoneofthemostprosperousandinnovativeeconomiesintheworld,Thisnationhasgainedareputationforhavingagoodqualityoflife,welldevelopedinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施),andafavorableclimateforbusinesses.WhiletherearefourofficiallanguagesinSingapore,English,Chinese,Malay,andTamil,Englishisthemostmonlyusedlanguageinbusiness,education,andgovernment.EnglishhasplayedacrucialroleinSingapore’seconomicdevelopment.Thecountry’sfoundingfather,LeeKuanYew,acknowledgedthesignificanceofEnglishintheinternationalbusinessenvironmentandmadeitaprioritytopromoteEnglishlearninginSingapore.HesawEnglishasatooltoconnectSingaporetotheworldandattractforeigninvestment.ThegovernmentcarriedoutpoliciestopromoteEnglishlearning,suchasmakingEnglishthemediumofinstructioninschoolsandprovidingfinancialsupportforteacherstoteachEnglish.Asaresultofthesepolicies,SingaporeanshavebeeproficientinEnglish,andthishasgiventhemapetitiveedgeintheglobaleconomy.Singaporeishometomanymultinationalcorporations,andEnglishproficiencyisacriticalfactorforthesepanieswhenselectingemployees.Singaporeans’proficiencyinEnglishhasalsomadeiteasierforthemtoconductbusinesswithothercountries,particularlythoseintheWesternworld.Asaconsequence,thecountrystartedmarchingforwardsteadilytowardsprosperity.4.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph1?A.Englishproficiencyisamustforeveryperson.B.Englishishighlyimportantintheworldofbusiness.C.Englishistheofficiallanguageofallcountries.DEnglishistheonlylanguagespokenintheglobaleconomy.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutSingaporefromthepassage?A.Ithasafavorableclimatetolivein.B.ItsgovernmentofficialsspeakEnglishbest.C.Itseconomyrarelyreliesoninternationaltrade.D.ItsmainlyusedofficiallanguageisEnglish.6.WhatdidLeeKuanYewdotopromoteEnglishlearning?A.HesupportedschoolstoincludemoreEnglishclasses.B.Hewasmittedtoattractingforeigninvestment.C.HeattachedgreatimportancetoEnglishlearninginSingapore.D.HemadepoliciestoprotectthebusinessenvironmentinSingapore.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.English,theGlobalLanguageB.TheRoadtoaProsperousCountryC.EnglishLearningPromotesSingapore’sDevelopmentDReasonablePoliciesLeadtotheProsperityofSingapore【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要解釋了新加坡作為一個(gè)國(guó)家，在英語(yǔ)普及方面所做的努力以及英語(yǔ)在新加坡經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中所扮演的重要角色?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Currently,theabilitytospeakEnglishfluentlyhasbeeanecessityforindividualsandcountriestoparticipateintheglobaleconomy.Thisisparticularlytrueforcountriesthatheavilyrelyoninternationaltradeandinvestment.(目前，流利的英語(yǔ)能力已經(jīng)成為個(gè)人和國(guó)家參與全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的必要條件。對(duì)于嚴(yán)重依賴(lài)國(guó)際貿(mào)易和投資的國(guó)家來(lái)說(shuō)尤其如此)”可知，流利的英語(yǔ)能力已經(jīng)成為個(gè)人和國(guó)家參與全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的必要條件，也就是說(shuō)英語(yǔ)在商業(yè)世界中非常重要。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“WhiletherearefourofficiallanguagesinSingapore,English,Chinese,Malay,andTamil,Englishisthemostmonlyusedlanguageinbusiness,education,andgovernment.(雖然新加坡有四種官方語(yǔ)言，英語(yǔ)，中文，馬來(lái)語(yǔ)和泰米爾語(yǔ)，英語(yǔ)是商業(yè)，教育和政府中最常用的語(yǔ)言)”可知，新加坡主要使用的官方語(yǔ)言是英語(yǔ)。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thecountry’sfoundingfather,LeeKuanYew,acknowledgedthesignificanceofEnglishintheinternationalbusinessenvironmentandmadeitaprioritytopromoteEnglishlearninginSingapore.HesawEnglishasatooltoconnectSingaporetotheworldandattractforeigninvestment.ThegovernmentcarriedoutpoliciestopromoteEnglishlearning,suchasmakingEnglishthemediumofinstructioninschoolsandprovidingfinancialsupportforteacherstoteachEnglish.(新加坡的國(guó)父李光耀承認(rèn)英語(yǔ)在國(guó)際商業(yè)環(huán)境中的重要性，并將促進(jìn)新加坡的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)作為優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。他認(rèn)為英語(yǔ)是連接新加坡與世界和吸引外國(guó)投資的工具。政府實(shí)施了促進(jìn)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的政策，例如將英語(yǔ)作為學(xué)校的教學(xué)語(yǔ)言，并為教師教授英語(yǔ)提供財(cái)政支持)”可知，新加坡的國(guó)父李光耀非常重視在新加坡的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)，將促進(jìn)新加坡的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)作為優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。故選C。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Asaresultofthesepolicies,SingaporeanshavebeeproficientinEnglish,andthishasgiventhemapetitiveedgeintheglobaleconomy.Singaporeishometomanymultinationalcorporations,andEnglishproficiencyisacriticalfactorforthesepanieswhenselectingemployees.Singaporeans’proficiencyinEnglishhasalsomadeiteasierforthemtoconductbusinesswithothercountries,particularlythoseintheWesternworld.Asaconsequence,thecountrystartedmarchingforwardsteadilytowardsprosperity.(由于這些政策，新加坡人精通英語(yǔ)，這使他們?cè)谌蚪?jīng)濟(jì)中具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)。新加坡是許多跨國(guó)公司的所在地，英語(yǔ)能力是這些公司選擇員工時(shí)的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵因素。新加坡人對(duì)英語(yǔ)的精通也使他們更容易與其他國(guó)家，特別是西方國(guó)家開(kāi)展業(yè)務(wù)。結(jié)果，國(guó)家開(kāi)始穩(wěn)步走向繁榮)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章詳細(xì)描述了新加坡政府如何通過(guò)實(shí)施政策鼓勵(lì)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)，以及這種學(xué)習(xí)如何幫助新加坡在全球經(jīng)濟(jì)中取得競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)。選項(xiàng)C“EnglishLearningPromotesSingapore’sDevelopment(英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)在新加坡發(fā)展中所起到的促進(jìn)作用)”既直接反映了文章的主題，也易于吸引讀者的興趣。故選C。CEveryorderoftakeouteswithasideofsingleuseplasticsandeachplasticfork.knife,spoonandstrawwhetherornotyouwanteditoruseditendsupinthetrash.Newresearchfoundthat139millionmetrictonsofsingleuseplasticwastewasgeneratedin2021sixmillionmetrictonsmoresingleuseplasticsparedto2019.Ahungerfortakeoutmealsduringthepandemiccontributedtothesurge.Anestimated60%ofAmericansordertakeoutordeliveryatleastonceaweekandonlineorderingisgrowing300%fasterthaninhousedining;thatmeansmillionsofsingleuseplasticutensils(餐具)aregoingoutwitheveryorder.Newlawsaimtoaddresstheproblem.SomeoftherecentbillsarethankstoTheNationalReuseNetwork,partoftheenvironmentalnonprofitUpstream,whichlaunchedanationalSkiptheStuffcampaigntoworkoutpoliciesthatrequirerestaurantstoincludesingleuseplasticutensils,straws,andnapkinsonlywhencustomersrequestthem.ThebillsalsorequiremealdeliveryandonlineappslikeUberEats,GrubHubandDoorDashtoaddsingleuseextrastotheirmenus;customerscanchoosetheitemsandquantitiestohavethemincludedintheorder.Customersthatdon’torderthesingleuseplasticswon’treceivethem.Thegoalofthebillsistoreducethe40billionplasticutensilssenttothelandfill(垃圾填埋場(chǎng))everyyear.“Mostofthetime,peoplearetakingfoodhomeortotheirofficeswheretherearereusableutensilssotheseutensilswindupinadrawerorgetthrownout,”saysAlexisGoldsmith,nationalorganizingdirectorforanationwideprojectBeyondPlastics.“Somepeopledoneedutensils,butforthemostpart,they’renotneeded.”Todate,SkiptheStuffbillshavebeenpassedinseveralcities,includingDenver,Washington,D.C.andChicago,CaliforniaandWashingtonstatepassedstatewidebillsthatmakesingleuseplastic“accessories”availablewithtakeoutordersonlyuponrequest.OrganizationslikeUpstream,BeyondplasticsandNRDChavecreatedtoolkitstohelpadditionalmunitieslaunchtheirownSkiptheStuffcampaigns.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“surge”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Greatdesire. B.Sharpdecline. C.Rapidincrease. D.Obviouspanic.9.AccordingtotheSkiptheStuffcampaign,whatcanbedonebyrestaurants?A.Choosinggreenproducts. B.Addingsingleusenapkins.C.Recyclingandreusingutensils. D.Providingutensilsonlyonrequest.10.What’sthepurposeoftherecentnewbills?A.Toreduceplasticwaste. B.Tostopbadeatinghabits.C.Toencouragepeopletoeatout. D.Tobetterthediningenvironment.11.WhatwouldGoldsmithprobablythinkoftheSkiptheStuffcampaign?A.Unimportant. B.Damaging. C.Muchneeded. D.Wellknown.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了關(guān)于一次性塑料垃圾問(wèn)題的現(xiàn)狀、原因以及相關(guān)的解決策略?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“Newresearchfoundthat139millionmetrictonsofsingleuseplasticwastewasgeneratedin2021sixmillionmetrictonsmoresingleuseplasticsparedto2019.(新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，2021年產(chǎn)生了1.39億噸一次性塑料廢物——與2019年相比，一次性塑料增加了600萬(wàn)噸)”可知，2021年與2019年相比，一次性塑料增加了600萬(wàn)噸。由此可推測(cè)，疫情期間人們對(duì)外賣(mài)的渴望促成了這一激增。劃線單詞指的是“增加”。選項(xiàng)A“Greatdesire(極其渴望)”；選項(xiàng)B“Sharpdecline(急劇下降)”；選項(xiàng)C“Rapidincrease(快速增長(zhǎng))”；選項(xiàng)D“Obviouspanic(明顯的恐慌)”。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Newlawsaimtoaddresstheproblem.SomeoftherecentbillsarethankstoTheNationalReuseNetwork,partoftheenvironmentalnonprofitUpstream,whichlaunchedanationalSkiptheStuffcampaigntoworkoutpoliciesthatrequirerestaurantstoincludesingleuseplasticutensils,straws,andnapkinsonlywhencustomersrequestthem.(新的法律旨在解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。最近的一些賬單要?dú)w功于國(guó)家再利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)，該網(wǎng)絡(luò)是環(huán)保非營(yíng)利組織Upstream的一部分，它發(fā)起了一項(xiàng)全國(guó)性的“SkiptheStuff”運(yùn)動(dòng)，以制定政策，要求餐館只有在顧客要求時(shí)才提供一次性塑料餐具、吸管和餐巾)”可知，根據(jù)SkiptheStuff活動(dòng)，餐廳只有在顧客要求時(shí)才提供餐具。故選D?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Thegoalofthebillsistoreducethe40billionplasticutensilssenttothelandfill(垃圾填埋場(chǎng))everyyear.(該法案的目標(biāo)是減少每年送往垃圾填埋場(chǎng)的400億個(gè)塑料餐具)”可知，新法案的目標(biāo)是減少每年送往垃圾填埋場(chǎng)的400億個(gè)塑料餐具，也就是減少塑料垃圾。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第六段““Mostofthetime,peoplearetakingfoodhomeortotheirofficeswheretherearereusableutensilssotheseutensilswindupinadrawerorgetthrownout,”saysAlexisGoldsmith,nationalorganizingdirectorforanationwideprojectBeyondPlastics.“Somepeopledoneedutensils,butforthemostpart,they’renotneeded.”(“大多數(shù)時(shí)候，人們把食物帶回家或帶到辦公室，那里有可重復(fù)使用的餐具，所以這些餐具最終被放在抽屜里或被扔掉，”AlexisGoldsmith說(shuō)，他是一個(gè)全國(guó)性項(xiàng)目“BeyondPlastics”的全國(guó)組織主任?！坝行┤舜_實(shí)需要餐具，但大多數(shù)人都不需要?！?”可知，AlexisGoldsmith認(rèn)為大多數(shù)餐具最終會(huì)被浪費(fèi)，因此“SkiptheStuff”運(yùn)動(dòng)是非常需要的。故選C。DWhenastronautslandonMars,acoupleofdecadesfromnow,perhaps,they’llneedtofindawaytomunicatewitheachother,withequipmentonandaroundtheplanet,andwithmissioncontrolbackonEarth.Despitelivingsofarfromhome,they’llnodoubtwanttoconnectwithlovedones,orstreamtheirfavoriteshowsormusic.ButsettingupaWiFiconnectiontoEarth’sinternetwon’tbeachoice.Earthissimplytoofaraway—around55millionto400millionkilometers,dependingonwheretheplanetsareintheirorbits.Wewillneedanotherstrategy.EstablishinggoodmunicationequipmentisessentialforhumanmissionstoMars.Researchersaretestingwaystoupgradeexistingnetworks,alongwithsomefaroutalternatives.Forexample,NASA’sPsychemission,whichliftedoffinOctoberwiththejobofexploringanasteroid(小行星)betweenMarsandJupiter,willalsotestthemunicationusinglasers.Laserscouldcarryfarmoredatathantheradiowavesthathavebeenusedfromtheearliestdaysofspacetravel.ThereisnostrategywhichcangetridofthetimelaginmunicationsbetweenEarthandMars;amessagemovingatthespeedoflighttakesanywherebetween4and24minutesforaonewaytrip.Inotherwords,aquickpingtomissioncontrolisoutofthequestion,nottomentionaWhatsAppcallhome.There’salsotheissueofsolarconjunction(聚合),saysParfitt,whenthesunesbetweenEarthandMars.Thishappensforacoupleofweekseverytwoyearsorso,cuttingoffmunicationsbetweentheplanets.ThelastonetookplaceinNovember.ButnewapproachescouldopenpossibilitiesthatmakemunicationsonMarsmorelikewhatweexperiencehereonEarth.Atleastoneresearchteamhaswondered:WhatifMarshaditsowninternet?12.WhatdiscouragesMarstohaveanetconnectiontoEarth?A.TheEarthistoofartoreach. B.TheEarthishardtoidentify.C.Thecurrentstrategydoesn’tworkwell. D.Manyplanetsareblockingthesignals.13.Whatwritingskillisusedinparagraph3?A.Raisingaquestion. B.Givinganexample.C.Listingnumbers. D.paringfacts.14.WhatdoweknowaboutthemunicationsbetweenEarthandMars?A.Lasercarrieslessdatathantheradiowaves. B.Thereisnosuchthingastimelag.C.Ittakesonlyfourminutesforasingletrip. D.Theprocesscouldsometimesbecutoff.15.Whatisgoingtobetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A.ThepossiblemissionoftheastronautsonMars.B.ThemunicationamongtheastronautsonMars.C.ThepossibilityforMarstohaveitsownnetwork.D.Theopinionsgivenbyexperiencedastronomers.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要探討了地球和火星之間建立網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接的可能性，指出了其中存在的挑戰(zhàn)以及可能得解決方案?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ButsettingupaWiFiconnectiontoEarth’sinternetwon’tbeachoice.Earthissimplytoofaraway—around55millionto400millionkilometers,dependingonwheretheplanetsareintheirorbits.(但建立一個(gè)WiFi連接到地球互聯(lián)網(wǎng)將不是一個(gè)選擇。地球?qū)嵲谑翘h(yuǎn)了——大約5500萬(wàn)到4億公里，這取決于行星在軌道上的位置。)”可知，地球太遙遠(yuǎn)了，我們無(wú)法到達(dá)阻礙了火星與地球的網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“EstablishinggoodmunicationequipmentisessentialforhumanmissionstoMars.Researchersaretestingwaystoupgradeexistingnetworks,alongwithsomefaroutalternatives.Forexample,NASA’sPsychemission,whichliftedoffinOctoberwiththejobofexploringanasteroid(小行星)betweenMarsandJupiter,willalsotestthemunicationusinglasers.Laserscouldcarryfarmoredatathantheradiowavesthathavebeenusedfromtheearliestdaysofspacetravel.(建立良好的通信設(shè)備對(duì)人類(lèi)火星任務(wù)至關(guān)重要。研究人員正在測(cè)試升級(jí)現(xiàn)有網(wǎng)絡(luò)的方法，以及一些遙遠(yuǎn)的替代方案。例如，美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局（NASA）的普賽克（Psyche）任務(wù)于10月發(fā)射，任務(wù)是探索火星和木星之間的一顆小行星，它也將使用激光測(cè)試通信。激光可以比早期太空旅行中使用的無(wú)線電波攜帶更多的數(shù)據(jù)。)”可推知，第三段使用的寫(xiě)作技巧是舉例子。故選B?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Thishappensforacoupleofweekseverytwoyearsorso,cuttingoffmunicationsbetweentheplanets.(這種情況每?jī)赡曜笥野l(fā)生幾周，切斷了行星之間的通信。)”可知，地球和火星之間的通信過(guò)程有時(shí)會(huì)被切斷。故選D。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“ButnewapproachescouldopenpossibilitiesthatmakemunicationsonMarsmorelikewhatweexperiencehereonEarth.Atleastoneresearchteamhaswondered:WhatifMarshaditsowninternet?(但新的方法可能會(huì)使火星上的通信更像我們?cè)诘厍蛏纤?jīng)歷的那樣。至少有一個(gè)研究小組想知道：如果火星有自己的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)會(huì)怎么樣？)”可推知，下一段將討論火星有自己網(wǎng)絡(luò)的可能性。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿(mǎn)分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whensomethinggoeswrong,doyoutendtobouncebackorfallapart?Whenyouhaveresilience(恢復(fù)力),youhavetheinnerstrengththathelpsyoureboundfromasetbackorchallenge.___16___Herearesomeskillstohelpyoudevelopresilience.Realizeit’snormal.Lessthan20percentofpeoplesuccessfullyachievetheirgoalthefirsttimearound.It’snormalandexpectedforsetbackstooccur.___17___Knowingthis,it’simportanttoanticipatethatthemaintaskwillbehowtoeffectivelymanagethesetbackwhenitarises.Learnfromthepast.___18___Thinkaboutwhathashelpedyouthroughtoughtimes.Youcanevenwriteaboutpasteventsinajournaltohelpyouseethepatternsofhowyoubehaveandtohelpguideyouinthefuture.___19___Tendtoyourownneedsandfeelings.Doactivitiesandhobbiesyouenjoy.Includephysicalactivityinyourdailyroutine.Getplentyofsleepandmakebedtimerituals.Eatahealthydiet.Practicehowtomanagestress.Trywaystorelax,suchasyoga,meditation,guidedimagery,deepbreathingorprayer.Takeaction.Don’tignoreyourproblems.___20___Itcantaketimetorecoverfromamajorsetback,traumaorloss.Butknowthatyourlifecanimproveifyouworkatit.A.Takecareofyourself.B.Makeeverydayhavemeaning.C.Thinkofhowyou’vecopedwithtroublesinthepast.D.Connectwithothersbyjoiningafaithorspiritualgroup.E.Instead,figureoutwhatyouneedtodo,makeaplanandtakeaction.F.Inotherwords,it’snotaboutwhetherachallengewillhappen,butwhen.G.Ifyoulackresilience,youmightgetstuckonproblemsorfeellikeavictim.【答案】16.G17.F18.C19.A20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一些培養(yǎng)適應(yīng)力的技巧?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whensomethinggoeswrong,doyoutendtobouncebackorfallapart?Whenyouhaveresilience(恢復(fù)力),youhavetheinnerstrengththathelpsyoureboundfromasetbackorchallenge.(當(dāng)事情出錯(cuò)時(shí)，你是傾向于反彈還是崩潰？當(dāng)你有韌性時(shí)，你有內(nèi)在的力量，可以幫助你從挫折或挑戰(zhàn)中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái))”可知，上文提到了有韌性的情況。由此可知，本句是在說(shuō)明缺乏韌性會(huì)導(dǎo)致的問(wèn)題，G選項(xiàng)“如果你缺乏適應(yīng)力，你可能會(huì)被問(wèn)題困住，或者感覺(jué)自己像個(gè)受害者”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Realizeit’snormal.Lessthan20percentofpeoplesuccessfullyachievetheirgoalthefirsttimearound.It’snormalandexpectedforsetbackstooccur(意識(shí)到這很正常。只有不到20%的人第一次就成功實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己的目標(biāo)。出現(xiàn)挫折是正常的，也是意料之中的)”以及后文“Knowingthis,it’simportanttoanticipatethatthemaintaskwillbehowtoeffectivelymanagethesetbackwhenitarises.(知道了這一點(diǎn)，重要的是要預(yù)見(jiàn)到，當(dāng)挫折出現(xiàn)時(shí)，主要任務(wù)是如何有效地管理挫折)”可知，上文提到了發(fā)生挫折很正常，后文提到了預(yù)見(jiàn)挫折。由此可知，重要的是預(yù)知挑戰(zhàn)出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“換句話說(shuō)，問(wèn)題不在于挑戰(zhàn)是否會(huì)發(fā)生，而在于何時(shí)發(fā)生”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Learnfromthepast.(汲取過(guò)去的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn))”以及后文“Thinkaboutwhathashelpedyouthroughtoughtimes.Youcanevenwriteaboutpasteventsinajournaltohelpyouseethepatternsofhowyoubehaveandtohelpguideyouinthefuture.(想想是什么幫助你度過(guò)了困難時(shí)期。你甚至可以把過(guò)去的事情寫(xiě)在日記里，這樣可以幫助你了解自己的行為模式，并幫助你在未來(lái)指導(dǎo)自己)”可知，本段的主旨是回憶過(guò)去是如何應(yīng)對(duì)困難的，汲取過(guò)去的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)，C選項(xiàng)中past對(duì)應(yīng)上文past。由此可知，C選項(xiàng)“想想你過(guò)去是如何應(yīng)對(duì)困難的”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。【19題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Tendtoyourownneedsandfeelings.Doactivitiesandhobbiesyouenjoy.Includephysicalactivityinyourdailyroutine.Getplentyofsleepandmakebedtimerituals.Eatahealthydiet.Practicehowtomanagestress.Trywaystorelax,suchasyoga,meditation,guidedimagery,deepbreathingorprayer.(關(guān)注自己的需求和感受。做你喜歡的活動(dòng)和愛(ài)好。在你的日常生活中加入體育活動(dòng)。保證充足的睡眠，養(yǎng)成睡前習(xí)慣。吃健康的飲食。練習(xí)如何管理壓力。嘗試一些放松的方法，比如瑜伽、冥想、引導(dǎo)想象、深呼吸或祈禱)”可知，本段的主旨是照顧好自己，關(guān)注自己的需求和感受。由此可知，A選項(xiàng)“多保重”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Takeaction.Don’tignoreyourproblems.(采取行動(dòng)。不要忽視你的問(wèn)題)”可知，上文提到了不要忽視你的問(wèn)題。由此可知，本句是在說(shuō)明真正應(yīng)該做什么，E選項(xiàng)“相反，要弄清楚你需要做什么，制定計(jì)劃并采取行動(dòng)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分,滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Noneofmyfriendsaregoingtotheartcamp.Despitemy___21___fordrawing,IdecidednottogobecauseIhadahardtimejumpingintosomethingwithno___22___facesaround.Sittingunderthebrightsun,IthoughtabouttheartcampandwishedIfeltalittlebraver.Todistractmyself,Istartedsketchingapine.___23___myselfIwashappytoskipthecamp,Idrewthepine’sstrongtrunkand___24___thegracefulbranches,makingsuretheupperones___25___gentlytowardthesun,Atthistime,Mr.Weston,myneighbor___26___,“You’vedoneagreatjobcapturingthestrengthofthattreeonpaper.”Headded,“Actually,youhavetospreadoutthe___27___nearthesurfacesothetreecangetenoughwaterandgrowtall.Ifyou___28___therootballtoodeep,thetreewithers(凋零).Ilearnedthatrootgrowout,notdownfrommyexperienceofplantingpinetrees.”“That___29___,”Isaid.Imadeadjustmentstotherootpartandthenaddedshadingtothebranchestogivethemdepth.“Youhaveagood___30___,”Mr.Westonsaid,andthennoddedgoodbye.IthoughtaboutwhatMr.WestontoldmeasI___31___atthetoweringpine.I’dneverrealizedhow___32___atree’srootsstretchoutward.Itmademethinkaboutartcampandmyownroots.Iwasn’tstretchingthemoutatall.___33___,Iwasplantingmyselfintoonedeepspotbecauseitfeltsafer.I___34___realizedthatifIwantedtogrow,Ihadtostartreachingouttoo.Thatnight,Itookadeepbreathandfilledinthe___35___forartcamp.21.A.anxiety B.enthusiasm C.recognition D.expectation22.A.pleasant B.curious C.familiar D.regular23.A.Informing B.Teaching C.Convincing D.Reminding24.A.added B.counted C.submitted D.noticed25.A.pressed B.pulled C.lifted D.arranged26.A.cameup B.cameacross C.checkedin D.checkedout27.A.trunks B.leaves C.branches D.roots28.A.press B.plant C.hide D.follow29.A.makessense B.makesout C.makesit D.makesup30.A.eye B.nose C.mouth D.ear31.A.glared B.stared C.aimed D.knocked32.A.wide B.long C.high D.far33.A.Otherwise B.Therefore C.Instead D.Besides34.A.surprisingly B.slightly C.suddenly D.fortunately35.A.statement B.presentation C.appointment D.application【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.A25.C26.A27.D28.B29.A30.A31.B32.D33.C34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者因?yàn)樗囆g(shù)營(yíng)沒(méi)有朋友而決定不去參加了，但是因?yàn)猷従雨P(guān)于樹(shù)根的知識(shí)意識(shí)到自己想要成長(zhǎng)，就要延伸自己的“根”，于是填寫(xiě)了藝術(shù)營(yíng)的申請(qǐng)表?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管我對(duì)繪畫(huà)充滿(mǎn)熱情，但我還是決定不去，因?yàn)槲液茈y在周?chē)鷽](méi)有熟悉面孔的情況下投入其中。A.anxiety焦慮；B.enthusiasm熱情；C.recognition識(shí)別；D.expectation期待。根據(jù)后文“Todistractmyself,Istartedsketchingapine.(為了分散注意力，我開(kāi)始畫(huà)一棵松樹(shù))”可知，作者喜愛(ài)繪畫(huà)，對(duì)繪畫(huà)充滿(mǎn)熱情。故選B。【22題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管我對(duì)繪畫(huà)充滿(mǎn)熱情，但我還是決定不去，因?yàn)槲液茈y在周?chē)鷽](méi)有熟悉面孔的情況下投入其中。A.pleasant令人愉快的；B.curious好奇的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.regular定期的。根據(jù)上文“Noneofmyfriendsaregoingtotheartcamp.(我的朋友都不去藝術(shù)營(yíng))”可知，作者因?yàn)闆](méi)有朋友就不去藝術(shù)營(yíng)，說(shuō)明作者很難在周?chē)鷽](méi)有熟悉面孔的情況下投入其中。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我說(shuō)服自己，我很樂(lè)意不去營(yíng)地，我畫(huà)了松樹(shù)粗壯的樹(shù)干，又加上了優(yōu)美的樹(shù)枝，確保上部的樹(shù)枝輕輕地向著陽(yáng)光。A.Informing通知；B.Teaching教學(xué)；C.Convincing說(shuō)服；D.Reminding提醒。根據(jù)后文“myselfIwashappytoskipthecamp”可知，不去營(yíng)地是作者自己的選擇，即說(shuō)服了自己。故選C。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我說(shuō)服自己，我很樂(lè)意不去營(yíng)地，我畫(huà)了松樹(shù)粗壯的樹(shù)干，又加上了優(yōu)美的樹(shù)枝，確保上部的樹(shù)枝輕輕地向著陽(yáng)光。A.added增加；B.counted計(jì)算；C.submitted提交；D.noticed注意到。根據(jù)后文“thegracefulbranches”可知，作者給松樹(shù)加上了優(yōu)美的樹(shù)枝。故選A。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我說(shuō)服自己，我很樂(lè)意不去營(yíng)地，我畫(huà)了松樹(shù)粗壯的樹(shù)干，又加上了優(yōu)美的樹(shù)枝，確保上部的樹(shù)枝輕輕地向著陽(yáng)光。A.pressed按壓；B.pulled拉；C.lifted舉起；D.arranged安排。根據(jù)后文“gentlytowardthesun”可知，要表現(xiàn)出樹(shù)枝向著陽(yáng)光，必須畫(huà)得高一些。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：這時(shí)，我的鄰居韋斯頓先生走過(guò)來(lái)，“你在紙上把那棵樹(shù)的力量表現(xiàn)得很好